Final assignmentresearch on ecotourism development in phong nha ke bang national park

Trang 1 HANOI UNIVERSITY OF INDUSTRYSCHOOL OF LANGUAGES AND TOURISMFINAL ASSIGNMENTRESEARCH ON ECOTOURISM DEVELOPMENT INPHONG NHA-KE BANG NATIONAL PARKCourse name: EcotourismCourse code:

HANOI UNIVERSITY OF INDUSTRY SCHOOL OF LANGUAGES AND TOURISM

FINAL ASSIGNMENT RESEARCH ON ECOTOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN

PHONG NHA-KE BANG NATIONAL PARK

Course instructor: Nguyen Thi Kieu Tam

Group: 3

HANOI, 2024

HANOI UNIVERSITY OF INDUSTRY SCHOOL OF LANGUAGES AND TOURISM

FINAL ASSIGNMENT RESEARCH ON ECOTOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN

PHONG NHA-KE BANG NATIONAL PARK

Group members

Đào Hương Huế - 2022601973 Hoàng Trang Hường - 2022602790

Đỗ Thị Lan - 2022605198 Trần Tất Long - 2022605302

HANOI, 2024

TABLE OF CONTENTS

I Introduction 3

1 Concept and characteristics of eco-tourism 3

1.1 Concept of eco-tourism 3

1.2 Characteristics of ecotourism 3

2 Types of ecotourism 5

2.1 Mass tourism 5

3 Conditions for the development of ecotourism 7

3.1.Conditions 7

3.2.Basic principles for developing ecotourism 8

4 Factors influencing the organization of implementation of Eco Tourism 8

5 Potential and prospects 9

5.1 Cave resources 9

5.2.Animal and plant resources 9

5.3.Typical tourist attractions in Phong Nha Ke Bang National Park 10

5.4.Humanistic tourism resources 10

II Literature Review 10

1 Ecotourism potentials of countries / territories worldwide 10

1.1.Potential of Ecotourism in the world 10

1.2.Potential of ecotourism development in VietNam 11

1.3.Potential of ecotourism development in Phong Nha - Ke Bang 12

2 Overview of ecotourism in Vietnam 12

3 Development directions of ecotourism 14

3.1 Development directions of ecotourism in Vietnam 14

3.2 Development directions of ecotourism in Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park 19

4 Current status and development direction of ecotourism in Phong Nha - Ke Bang National Park 20

4.1 Current status 20

4.2 Ecotourism development direction in Phong Nha Ke Bang National Park 22

5 Eco-Tourim Program Planning 24

5.1.Basic steps of ecotourism planning and design 24

5.2 Sample eco -tourism programs in Phong Nha-Ke Bang 27

6 Requirement of an Ecotourism Worker 27

6.1.Knowledge required for an ecotourism tour guide 28

6.2 Skills required for an ecotourism tour guide 28

6.3 Attitudes required for an ecotourism tour leader 29

III Methodology 30

1 Methods of collecting and processing information and data 30

2 Methods of analysis and synthesis 30

IV Discussion 31

1 Critical analysis of findings about ecotourism concepts 31

2 Discussion of the implications of the study for ecotourism in Vietnam 31

3 Comparison with existing literature 31

V Conclusion 32

1 Summary of key findings 32

2 Reasons why Phong Nha Ke Bang National Park attracts tourists 32

2.1 The cave has the most "most" things in the world 32

2.2 Brings a harmonious beauty of nature 33

2.3 Diverse ecotourism activities 33

2.4 Rich local culture 33

2.5 Where you will have unexpected travel experiences 33

3 Recommendations for the ecotourism industry in Vietnam 34

4 Conclude 35

VI Self and Peer-Assessment Reflection 35

ECOTOURISM RESEARCH ASSIGNMENT

The ecotourism definition by the Global Ecotourism Network (GEN):

“Ecotourism is responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment,sustains the well-being of the local people, and creates knowledge and understandingthrough interpretation and education of all involved (visitors, staff and the visited)”(Global Ecotourism Network, 2016)

Ecotourism has developed in response to mass tourism, as mass tourismdestinations were beginning to show signs of degradation resulting from overuse.Therefore, ecotourism was seen as a sustainable alternative, and also a means ofinterest to all tourists wishing to see natural areas that were remote and exotic

1.2 Characteristics of ecotourism

Involves going to a natural destination

These destinations are often remote areas, whether inhabited or uninhabited.These areas often have fresh air and many trees and plants and animals, especiallyendangered plant and animal species These areas are often protected internationally,nationally, by communities or privately

Minimize impactd

Ecotourism tries to minimize adverse impacts by

Use of renewable energy sources: Ecotourism promotes the use of renewableenergy sources such as solar, wind, hydroelectricity and biomass This helps reducecarbon emissions and environmental impact.

Recycling and safe waste disposal: Ecotourism places emphasis on recycling andsafe disposal of waste This includes separating trash, recycling materials and usingwaste disposal methods that do not pollute the environment

Architectural design sensitive to the environment and culture: Ecotourismpromotes architectural design sensitive to the environment and local culture Thisincludes the use of natural materials, energy-efficient design and respect for localcultural values

- Builds environmental awareness

Ecotourism means education for both tourists and residents of neighboringcommunities First, about the community residents in that area and surrounding areas:The government and localities have propaganda sessions for local people on how toprotect and develop the environment In addition to propaganda on the radio and socialmedia

For tourists, before starting the tour, travel companies should propagate totourists on how to preserve the destination preserve the ecological environment

- Provides direct financial benefits for conservation

Ecotourism helps raise funds for environmental protection, research andeducation through a variety of mechanisms It can be taxes from restaurants and hotelsaround the area, entrance fees to ecosystems (park tickets, boating fees to visitlandscapes, )

- Provides financial benefits and empowerment for local people

In ecotourism, the positive interaction between tourists and the environment is animportant factor Local community involvement helps create a happy and sustainableenvironment for both visitors and the community This can be achieved by ensuringthat local communities benefit from meaningful tourism

Mass tourism has both benefits and demerits And to limit those downsides, wehave to choose an alternative means of tourism

2.2 Alternative tourism

Alternative tourism covers a wide range of activities, but more generally, it isdefined as “forms of tourism consistent with natural, social and community values andthat allow both hosts and visitors to enjoy positive and highly appreciable interactionand a shared experience” ( Wearing & Neil, 1999)

There are five subdivisions of alternative tourism : cultural , Educational ,Scientific , Adventure , Agri-tourism

- Cultural

According to the definition adopted by the UNWTO General Assembly, at its22nd session (2017), Cultural Tourism implies “A type of tourism activity in which thevisitor’s essential motivation is to learn, discover, experience and consume thetangible and intangible cultural attractions/products in a tourism destination Theseattractions/products relate to a set of distinctive material, intellectual, spiritual andemotional features of a society that encompasses arts and architecture, historical andcultural heritage, culinary heritage, literature, music, creative industries and the livingcultures with their lifestyles, value systems, beliefs and traditions”

- Educational

Educational tourism is considered one of the modern directions of tourism thathas had higher growth in recent years, although the concept of travel for learning andeducation is a complex field of dimensions (Martínez-Zarzuela et al., 2015) Neweducation styles, new information and research techniques and good exposure to

Science has enabled the growth of cooperation with the public and privatesectors, as well as representatives of the education and travel sectors (Lind andSaloyaara, 2018) This sector is acquiring popularity these days and is a fast growingsub-sector in the travel and tourism industry (Tiwari, 2020)

- Scientific

“Scientific tourism is an activity where visitors participate in the generation anddissemination of scientific knowledge, carried out by research and developmentcenters" (INST Network, Valdivia 29 April 2019)

Scientific tourism is conceived as a bridge between the world of science andtourism, bringing together inhabitants of the territories and their visitors, of allnationalities and cultures, motivated by the advancement of human knowledge

- Adventure tourism

According to the Adventure Travel Trade Association (ATTA): “adventuretourism is a tourist activity that includes physical activity, cultural exchange, oractivities in nature.”

According to Muller and Cleaver: “Adventure tourism is characterized by itsability to provide the tourist with relatively high levels of sensory stimulation, usuallyachieved by including physically challenging experiential components with the touristexperience.”

- Agri-tourism

According to the American Farm Bureau Federation: “Agritourism refers to anenterprise at a working farm, ranch or agricultural plant conducted for the enjoyment

of visitors that generates income for the owner Agricultural tourism refers to the act ofvisiting a working farm or any horticultural or agricultural operation for the purpose

of enjoyment, education, or active involvement in the activities of the farm oroperation that also adds to the economic viability of the site.”

3 Conditions for the development of ecotourism

The development of ecotourism requires careful consideration of various factors

to ensure that it is sustainable, environmentally friendly, and beneficial to both thelocal communities and the natural environment

Ecotourism activities require a principled operator Tourism operators must have

a commitment to the conservation or management of natural areas In turn, ecotourismoperators must collaborate with nature reserve managers and local communities withthe aim of contributing to the long-term protection of natural values regional natureand culture, improving lives and enhancing common understanding between locals andtourists

- The third requirement is to minimize the possible impacts of ecotourismactivities on nature and the environment Accordingly, ecotourism needs to beorganized with strict compliance with regulations on "carrying capacity"

- The fourth requirement is to satisfy tourists' need to improve knowledge andunderstanding

3.2.Basic principles for developing ecotourism

- Ecotourism must be consistent with positive environmental principles,promoting and encouraging ethical responsibility for the natural environment.

- Ecotourism must not damage resources or the environment

- Ecotourism must focus on internal values rather than external values andpromote recognition of these values

- Environmental and ecological principles need to come first so each eco-touristwill have to accept nature for what it is and accept its limitations rather than alteringthe environment field for personal convenience

- Ecotourism must ensure long-term benefits for resources, for the locality andfor the industry (conservation benefits or economic, cultural, social or scientificbenefits)

- Ecotourism must provide first-hand experiences when interacting with thenatural environment, which are sociable experiences that increase understanding ratherthan seeking thrills or the purpose of enhancing physical fitness body condition

4 Factors influencing the organization of implementation of Eco Tourism

The organization of eco-tourism implementation involves considering variousfactors to ensure its success and sustainability Here are some key factors thatinfluence the organization of eco-tourism

- Environmental Conservation Goals

The primary objective of eco-tourism is to promote environmental conservation.The organization of eco-tourism should align with and support local, regional, andnational conservation goals and policies

- Community Involvement and Support

Engaging local communities in the planning and implementation of eco-tourism

is crucial Their support and participation are essential for the success of eco-tourisminitiatives

- Biodiversity and Ecosystem Protection

Identification and protection of key biodiversity areas and ecosystems arefundamental Organizers need to understand the ecological sensitivity of the area anddevelop strategies to minimize environmental impact

- Infrastructure and Accessibility

Adequate infrastructure and accessibility are necessary for a successful tourism venture This includes well-designed trails, visitor centers, and other facilitiesthat minimize ecological disturbance

eco Education

Implementing effective educational programs and interpretative materials forvisitors helps raise awareness about the local environment, wildlife, and conservationefforts This can enhance the overall eco-tourism experience

5 Potential and prospects

5.1 Cave resources

Phong Nha Ke Bang National Park is a World Heritage Site with rich and diversenatural resources and many beautiful landscapes that attract tourists to its mysteriousand attractive cave system According to records, the total length of caves in PhongNha Ke Bang National Park is more than 130 km, with nearly 50 caves, divided into 3systems: Hang Vom, Phong Nha Cave, and Ruc Mon Cave

5.2.Animal and plant resources

Phong Nha Ke Bang National Park is characterized by tropical moist evergreenbroad-leaved closed forests on limestone mountains According to statistical data ofthe Management Board of Phong Nha Ke Bang National Park in 2010, the flora inPhong Nha Ke Bang National Park is rich and diverse with the presence of 193 plantfamilies, 906 genera, and 2,651 species of plants belonging to the branches of pineneedles and heather pine, pentaphylla grass, fern, pine and jade orchid

Fauna with 42 orders, 142 families, and 7,355 species of mammals, birds,reptiles, amphibians, and freshwater fish The total number of rare animal species is

127 species, of which 81 species are named in Decree 32-2006/ND-CP, and 91 speciesare named in the Vietnam Red Book in 2007

5.3.Typical tourist attractions in Phong Nha Ke Bang National Park

Phong Nha Cave, Tien Son Cave, Thien Duong Cave, U Bo Peak, Toi Cave, SonDoong Cave, E Cave, Vom Cave, En Cave, Silkworm Cave Grass, Nuoc MoocStream, Wind Waterfall, Primate Rescue Center, Botanical Garden, Chay Lap Village

5.4.Humanistic tourism resources

Humanistic tourism resources include material and spiritual wealth created byhumans from ancient times to the present, all of which attract tourists Tien Su Tu CucTemple attracts many tourists This is a pagoda located right at the entrance to PhongNha cave and is associated with the festival of people living around the Son Riverbasin praying for fairy water In addition, the cultural values of Phong Nha Ke BangVietnamese village such as ancient houses, temples, religious architectural works,types of traditional costumes, and national cultural heritage are also Humanistictourism resources developed to attract domestic and international tourists The Chutand Bru-Van Kieu ethnic groups in Phong Nha Ke Bang with typical cultural valuessuch as forms of music and dance with many types of musical instruments like pipes,flutes, horns, gongs, jars of the Chut people and drum-beating festivals, the new ricefestival of the Bru-Van Kieu ethnic group is also being expanded for ecotourismdevelopment

II Literature Review

1 Ecotourism potentials of countries / territories worldwide

1.1.Potential of Ecotourism in the world

- Potential of ecotourism development in Brazil

As of 1992, there were 39 national forests in Brazil consisting of 12.6 millionhectares The Tapajós National Forest comprises 600,000 hectares and is the sixth

largest FLONA in Brazil in terms of area It is one of 20 national forests in the states

of Pará and Amazonas combined (Rylands 1991) Brazil’s national forests are similar

to the national forests in the U.S in that the forests have been designated for

“multiple-use” activities such as recreation, timber harvesting and extraction of timber forest products.Although the present infrastructure is primitive, there areunpaved walking trails along parts of the Tapajós National Forest that provide touristswith the ability to hike through predominantly upland primary forest

non Potential of ecotourism development in Bangladesh

Bangladesh, a developing country in South Asia, has the potential to become amajor ecotourism destination as it is home to many outstanding natural sites, such asthe Sundarbans and Cox's Bazar, which are not only home to Spectacular forests withlots of wildlife, rivers, waterfalls and mountainous terrain.Tourists are drawn to theclimate, wildlife, and overall beauty of several Asian countries, including India, SriLanka, Singapore, Maldives, Thailand, Malaysia, and Nepal The Himalayanmountain range contains tertiary hill zones Two hilly areas are visible: the ChittagongHills in the Southeast, low hills in the Northeast, and highlands with a moderatealtitude in the North and Northwest

1.2.Potential of ecotourism development in VietNam

Stretching over 15 latitudes, the territory of Vietnam is complicatedly different.Three quarters of the terrain is occupied with hills and mountains, the rest is delta andcoastal area The Vietnamese sea and island system includes 02 large archipelagos(Hoang Sa and Truong Sa), 3,000 large and small islands, and 16 main rivers It is thevariety of topography and climate that has contributed to the forming of a diverseecosystem for Vietnam with forest ecosystem, wetland ecosystem, sand hillecosystem, alluvial riverside ecosystem, estuarine ecosystem, coral reef ecosystem,deep-sea ecosystem, agricultural land ecosystem, urban ecosystem, and so much more.(Source: Ministry of Science and Technology of Vietnam)

Vietnam currently has 13,766 flora species, 10,300 species of terrestrial animals,1,438 species of microalgae, 800 species of invertebrates, 1,028 species of freshwaterfish, and more than 11,000 species of marine creatures There are many types of

animals that need to be preserved such as Dugong, Sao La, Snub-nosed monkey, etc.

As of 2015, Vietnam has 31 National Parks, 64 Nature Reserves, 16 species andhabitat conservation areas, and 55 landscape conservation areas Besides, Vietnam alsohas 10 world biosphere reserves and 8 world Ramsar zones (wetlands) Many of themhave become sustainable tourism in Vietnam

1.3.Potential of ecotourism development in Phong Nha - Ke Bang

Phong Nha - Ke Bang National Park includes forest ecosystems on limestonemountains, forest ecosystems on land mountains and transition zones, river and streamecosystems, cave ecosystems and secondary ecosystems To date, scientists havedetermined that Phong Nha - Ke Bang National Park has 2,694 species of vascularplants, 862 species of vertebrates, and 369 species of insects There are 116 plantspecies and 129 animal species recorded in the Vietnam Red Book and the Red Book

of the World Conservation Union (IUCN) Besides, the diversity of limestonemountain habitats, caves, dirt mountains are ideal conditions for 9/21 species (43%

of Vietnam's primates) to live Here live rare endemic primate subspecies of theTruong Son range: Ha Tinh Langur, Brown-shanked Douc Langur, Siki Gibbon,White-cheeked Black Gibbon; Among them, there is one subspecies, the Ha TinhLangur, found only in the limestone mountains of Phong Nha - Ke Bang andsurrounding areas

Phong Nha - Ke Bang National Park was recognized as a World Natural Heritagefor the second time, which is the basis and motivation for Quang Binh to continue tofully protect natural resources with diverse and rich forest ecosystems rare plant andanimal species in danger of extinction; exploit the strengths of the natural landscape todevelop tourism and livelihoods for residents in the region, contributing toenvironmental protection and local socio-economic development

2 Overview of ecotourism in Vietnam

Stretching over 15 latitudes, the territory of Vietnam is complicatedly different.Three quarters of the terrain is occupied with hills and mountains, the rest is delta andcoastal area The Vietnamese sea and island system includes 02 large archipelagos(Hoang Sa and Truong Sa), 3,000 large and small islands, and 16 main rivers It is the

variety of topography and climate that has contributed to the forming of a diverseecosystem for Vietnam with forest ecosystem, wetland ecosystem, sand hillecosystem, alluvial riverside ecosystem, estuarine ecosystem, coral reef ecosystem,deep-sea ecosystem, agricultural land ecosystem, urban ecosystem, and so muchmore

Not only has diverse ecosystems, but Vietnam also is the home to various species

of fauna and flora Many of them are mentioned in the IUCN Red List as the types thathumans need to protect According to the official statistics of The International Unionfor Conservation of Nature- IUCN, Vietnam currently has 13,766 flora species, 10,300species of terrestrial animals, 1,438 species of microalgae, 800 species ofinvertebrates, 1,028 species of freshwater fish, and more than 11,000 species of marinecreatures There are many types of animals that need to be preserved such as Dugong,Sao La, Snub-nosed monkey, etc As of 2015, Vietnam has 31 National Parks, 64Nature Reserves, 16 species and habitat conservation areas, and 55 landscapeconservation areas Besides, Vietnam also has 10 world biosphere reserves and 8world Ramsar zones (wetlands) Many of them have become sustainable tourism inVietnam

A prominent feature of biodiversity in Vietnam is the "species endemism" and

"rare genetic resources" Statistics show that Vietnam has at least 467 endemic animalspecies, and 25 endemic plant varieties This number is constantly increasing as thenumber of studies on insects is expanding to various species

Although Vietnam has potential for ecotourism development, the process ofexploitation does not reach the expectations and is still low compared to othercountries in the region and in the world However, for international tourists, Vietnamhas become one of the most ideal destinations for ecotourism combined with culturaltourism and experience tourism forms With rich natural resources and landscapes,plus a diverse culture, Vietnam has great potential to become one of the leadingecotourism destinations in Asia

Ecotourism is a new tourism market segment in Vietnam Currently, mosttourism programs to Vietnam's natural and cultural areas are only mass or nature

tourism, with little sustainability, causing damage to the natural environment and localcommunity For example, while people rush to meet the growing demand of touristsvisiting the island, the biodiversity and beauty of Cat Ba National Park, especially itsmarine resources and golden baboons, are being overlooked threatened by poorplanning of infrastructure development and tourism-related activities that do not takeinto account environmental and social costs These issues arise not only in the tourismmarket for international visitors, but more so in the domestic market which is muchlarger and more powerful than the international market For ecotourism to besuccessful in Vietnam, the domestic tourism industry needs a fundamental change inthe way it develops and operates.

Along with the development of ecotourism in the world, in Vietnam today,ecotourism activities are also gradually developing with diverse types Popular: Picnic,Climbing, Adventure travel, Walk in the forest, Visit national parks and naturereserves, Visit the garden, Bird watching, Visit ethnic villages…

Ecotourism in Vietnam is currently on the rise, with the advantages of pristinenature, many rare species of plants and animals, and a lot of potential to developecotourism, specifically shows that the number of tourists visiting increases each year,bringing many economic benefits, while the development of ecotourism also helpssolve the employment situation for a part of the people, helping to improve theeconomic situation improve their lives However, despite the diversity of ecosystemsand great development potential, the development of ecotourism in Vietnam is still inthe early stages and has many limitations such as lack of expertise in personnel,Services are limited,…

3 Development directions of ecotourism

3.1 Development directions of ecotourism in Vietnam

Firstly, improve the effectiveness and efficiency of State management tools in protecting the environment, protecting resources, and ensuring sustainable tourism development.

Quality organization that propagates laws and policies on sustainable tourismdevelopment for investors, tourists and residents in tourist areas The State strictlycontrols licensing, operations of tourism businesses, organization and participation intourism activities, cultural and tourism events; Strengthen inspection and examination

of the use and protection of natural resources and the environment; Strictly complywith regulations on surveys and environmental impact assessments when investing intourism projects; Resolutely handle tourism development projects that violateregulations in these areas Strengthen coordination between sectors, levels, and unitsrelated to tourism services, working tourists and residential communities in commonefforts to protect the environment for tourism development

The state needs to strictly control and take measures to limit the impact ofeconomic activities in other fields (construction, transportation, industry, agriculture )

on the environment at tourist destinations and destinations Research and determinethe pressure limits of tourism activities on resources and the environment; Regularlymonitor and check resource use, avoiding overuse that causes the risk of depletion,degradation or serious deterioration Timely coordination between specialized tourismmanagement agencies and relevant functional agencies and sectors to overcomeincidents, deterioration, and degradation of tourism resources

Complete the system of rules, regulations and regulations on environmentalprotection in tourist areas and destinations Develop regulations on tourismmanagement, festival rules, codes of conduct , educate tourists to respect and havecultural sensitivity towards humanistic tourism resources; At the same time, raiseawareness and sense of preserving traditional cultural values, social environment andtraditions of the community when participating in tourism activities Urge andregularly supervise establishments to fully implement regulations and laws onenvironmental protection in tourism activities

Second, increase resource allocation and attract investment capital to develop sustainable tourism.

Conduct a survey and overall assessment of the current state of national tourismproducts, thereby building a tourism development plan that closely follows marketneeds, diversifying products to meet increasingly diverse needs, abundance of tourists.Focus on investing in developing transport infrastructure, electricity, water,environment, postal, telecommunications, infrastructure of industries and fieldsdirectly related to tourism development such as banking, finance, and credit.applications, health to improve accessibility for tourists ' destination, while creatinglinks between tourism resource chains as well as links between tourism and otherindustries.

In particular, it is necessary to promote investment promotion activities in largeinfrastructure projects and key national tourism projects Encourage tourismdevelopment investment projects with specific commitments to protect, enhance anddevelop tourism resources Develop regulations on investment incentives in specifictourist areas and destinations; Facilitate administrative procedures, grant businessestablishment licenses, business and investment licenses; Speed up land clearance.Promoting and attracting investment in the tourism industry must be associatedwith reviewing, evaluating, and appraising investor capacity, investment projectquality, and selecting investors with real capabilities, goals, and strategies Seriousinvestment strategy to ensure the feasibility and effectiveness of the project.Implement preferential policies and investment support, at the same time speed upprogress and regularly inspect the implementation of tourism development projects,especially the correct implementation of planning content and commitments ontourism development investment progress; Resolutely withdraw projects that arebehind schedule or projects that violate commitments and regulations to avoid wastingresources, especially land resources and tourism resources

Raise awareness for tourism businesses in implementing and participating intourism product quality standards Build a mechanism to connect product developmentbetween the tourism industry and related industries Raise awareness and promote therole of the community in tourism product development, especially diversifying andexploiting unique local tourism products Diversify forms of capital mobilization,

focusing on attracting capital from small and medium enterprises and residentialcommunities to invest in tourism development.

Third, train and develop quality human resources to meet the requirements of sustainable tourism development.

Establish a national tourism human resources database system to fully assess thequantity and quality of tourism human resources; Survey, evaluate and forecast thehuman resource needs of the tourism industry in the immediate and long term;Develop and organize the implementation of planning and plans for human resourcedevelopment in the tourism industry in accordance with planning, developmentrequirements and tourism development goals and orientations

Improve the quality of human resource recruitment for the management and laborapparatus of the tourism industry on the basis of strictly implementing regulations onhuman resource quality standards corresponding to each job position and recruitmentprocess Supplement and improve mechanisms and policies in recruitment, training,and development of experts, officials, and employees in the tourism industry,especially policies on socialization of training and retraining of human resources force.Attract quality experts and highly skilled workforce from outside the industry topriority fields, sectors, and jobs where the on-site workforce is small in number andpoorly qualified Create conditions for social organizations and businesses of alleconomic sectors to coordinate and link with training establishments to expand short-term, non-focused training forms to serve the needs of learning while working .Support community education, open knowledge training classes for the tourismindustry for people directly participating in tourism activities Strengthen the trainingcapacity of tourism human resource training establishments in terms of: lecturers,facilities and teaching conditions, expand cooperation and connect training withschools, establishments and organizations Prestigious training domestically andinternationally

Regularly organize training and fostering activities for human resources in thetourism industry to meet the development requirements of the industry, focusing ontraining and developing a team of experts in each specialized field of tourism

activities, especially especially sustainable tourism development; improve the quality

of officials and civil servants in state management of tourism at all levels; Closecombination of theoretical and practical training; Pay special attention to educationalcontent to protect natural resources and the environment in the tourism industry at alllevels

Support training and guidance for households, small and medium enterprisesparticipating in tourism; training in skills to restore and develop traditional crafts tocreate tourist attractions and produce souvenirs for tourism Actively mobilize capitalsources to develop human resources in the tourism industry, including: State budget;extra-budget resources, especially socialized capital from tourism businesses; Aidcapital from foreign organizations and individuals to develop and train tourism humanresources

Fourth, market development, promotion and promotion of sustainable tourism.

Immediately deploy the development of strategies, programs, and long-term andannual plans on promoting and promoting tourism, especially environmentally friendlytourism, cruise tourism, spiritual tourism, and tourism heritage calendar ; Promotejoint activities to improve overall effectiveness in promotion and advertising

Strengthen coordination between the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism,central and local mass media agencies, foreign information agencies, associations,friendship associations and other agencies Vietnam's diplomatic representativesabroad to promote the image of Vietnam's tourism industry

Promote cooperation programs with international organizations to expandtourism promotion activities Invest enough funds for tourism promotion andadvertising activities; Expand the socialization of tourism promotion work, createmotivation and encourage businesses to be more active and proactive in businesspromotion, contributing to promoting the national tourism image while training, guide,propagate and educate about responsibility and honesty in promotional activities;Strictly inspect promotional content and strictly handle violations in tourismpromotion activities to ensure the reputation of the Vietnamese tourism brand