Bt chuong 2

2 - 2.1 ă mol hydro S: 24 x 104 (J/mol) 2.2 S: l = 0, m=0 l = 1, m = -1, 0, +1 l = 2, m = -2, -1, 0, +1, +2 l = 3, m = -3, -2, -1, 0, +1, +2, +3 16 2.3 bi t r Cr, Fe, Cu bi t â ầ 14 24 29 S: 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s 8O: 14Si: 16S: 24Cr: 26Fe: 29Cu: 2.4 â 2 1 2 2 a) 1s 2s 2px 2py ; b) 1s 2s 2px 2py ; c) 1s 2s 2px12py12pz13s2; d) 1s22s22px22py12pz13s2 S: : b) 1s 2s22px12py12pz1; c) 1s22s22px22py22pz1; d) 1s22s22px22py22pz2 2.5 3 -1 4 s = +1/2 S: a) 6; b) 10; c) 2; d) 2; e) 2.6 s a) 1,0 ,0, -1/2; b) 3,3,0,1/2; c) 3,2,3,+1/2; d) 1,1,2,+1/2 S: ă    0 1/2 322 -2, -1, +1),+1/2 100 12 ă 2.7 r â ầ ầ bi t 19 13 S: F < O < S < Al < Ca < K ă 2.8 Br-, Te2- Bi 35, 52 â a Ca, K, Al lầ 2+ ầ 19 13 , K+, Al3+; b) Se2-, a Se, Br, Te lầ 34 S: a) Al3+ < Ca2+ < K+ b) Br- < Se2- < Te22.9 ă Mg, Al, Si, P bi t ă â ầ a Na, Mg, Al, Si, P lầ ă 11, 13, 13, 14, 15 S: Na < Al < Mg < Si < P ă 2.10 â a lầ ầ bi t 5, 11, 9, S: Na < B < O < F 2.11 ầ â IE6 = 47277 S: 1s22s22p2 ă 1= 1086; IE2 = 2352; IE3 = 4620; IE4 = 6222; IE5 = 37831; ầ 2.12 ă 1= 578; IE2 = 1817; IE3 = 2745; IE4 = 11576; IE5 = 14841; â IE6 = 18379 S: 1s22s22p63s23p1 ù 2.13 2- S: 2.14 O2-, O22- â - 2, O2 + , c) so S: O2: 1s21s*22s22s*22p22py2=2pz22py*1=2pz*1  O2+: 1s21s*22s22s*22p22py2=2pz22py*1  O2-: 1s21s*22s22s*22p22py2=2pz22py*2=2pz*1  O22-: 1s21s*22s22s*22p22py2=2pz22py*2=2pz*2  O2 > O2+ > O2- > O22- 25 15 O2 < O2+ < O2- < O22- + 2.15 2 + S: 2 + 25 + 25 2 2.16 S: B22+: 1s21s*22s22s*2 4-4)/2 = 22 *2 *2 2 *2 F2 : 1s 1s 2s 2s 2p 2py =2pz 2py =2pz*22p*2 2 + + > O2 < N2 10-10)/2 = 2+ 22