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SP 20.13330.2016 Loads and Effects MINISTRY OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION SP 20.13330.2016 SET OF RULES LOADS AND EFFECTS UPDATED REVISION SNIP 2.01.07-85* Moscow 2011 FOREWORD In accordance with the Rules for Development, Approval, Publication, Amendment and Cancellation of Codes of Practice approved by Decree of Russian Federation Government dated July 1, 2016 No 624, sub-paragraph 5.2.9 of paragraph in Regulation on the Ministry of Construction, Housing and Utilities of the Russian Federation approved by Decree of Russian Federation Government dated November 18, 2013 No 1038, paragraph 23 in Plan of Development and Approval of Codes of Practice and Update of Previously Approved Codes of Practice, Construction Norms and Regulations for 2015 and the planned period till 2017 approved by the Ministry of Construction, Housing and Utilities of the Russian Federation Order dated June 30, 2015 No 470/pr with alterations made by the Ministry of Construction, Housing and Utilities of the Russian Federation Order dated September 14, 2015 No 659/pr, I hereby order as follows: To approve SP 20.13330 SNiP 2.01.07-85* Loads and Impacts as attached hereto and enact the same months after the date of this Order issuance After enactment of SP 20.13330 SNiP 2.01.07-85* Loads and Impacts, consider invalid SP 20.13330.2011 SNiP 2.01.07-85* Loads and Impacts approved by the Ministry of Regional Development of the Russian Federation Order dated December 27, 2010 No 787, except the paragraphs of SP 20.13330.2011 SNiP 2.01.07-85* Loads and Impacts included in the List of National Standards and Codes of Practice (parts of such standards and codes of practice), mandatory compliance with which ensures compliance with Technical Regulations on Safety of Buildings and Facilities Federal Law approved by Decree of the Russian Federation Government dated December 26, 2014 No 1521 (hereinafter referred to as the “List”), until relevant changes are made to the List (Revised edition Order dated 10.02.2017 No 86/pr) Department of Urban Planning and Architecture shall send the approved SP 20.13330 SNiP 2.01.07-85* Loads and Impacts within 15 days from the date of this Order issuance for registration to the national standards body of the Russian Federation NormaCS® (NRMS10-30288) www.normacs.ru www.vietcons.edu.vn SP 20.13330.2016 Loads and Effects Department of Urban Planning and Architecture shall ensure that the approved text of SP 20.13330 SNiP 2.01.07-85* Loads and Impacts is published in the Internet on the official website of Minstroy of Russia in an electronic digital format within 10 days from the date of the Code of Practice registration by the national standards body of the Russian Federation To entrust the supervision over implementation of this Order to the charge of the Deputy Minister of Construction, Housing and Utilities of the Russian Federation Kh D Mavliyarov Acting Minister E O Sierra MINISTRY OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION SP 20.13330.2016 SET OF RULES LOADS AND EFFECTS UPDATED REVISION SNIP 2.01.07-85* Moscow 2016 FOREWORD Information on the Sets of Rules EXECUTORS are TsNIISK (Central Science and Research Institute for Construction Structures) named after V A Kucherenko of Construction JSC NIC (Science and Research Centre) with participation of Main Geophysical Observatory named after A I Voyeikov FSBI (Federal State Budgetary Institution) INTRODUCED by Technical Committee for Standardization TC 465 Construction PREPARED for approval by Department of Urban Planning and Architecture of the Ministry of Construction, Housing and Utilities of the Russian Federation APPROVED by the Ministryof Construction, Housing and Utilities of the Russian Federation (Minstroy of Russia) Order dated December 3, 2016 No 891/pr and enacted on June 4, 2017 REGISTERED by the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology (Rosstandart) Revision of SP 20.13330.2011 SNiP 2.01.07-85* Loads and Impacts Shall this Code of Practice be revised (superseded) or cancelled, appropriate notification will be published in accordance with established procedure The relevant information, notification and texts are also made available in the public information system on the developer’s (Minstroy of Russia) official website NormaCS® (NRMS10-30288) www.normacs.ru www.vietcons.edu.vn SP 20.13330.2016 Loads and Effects CONTENTS Scope of application Normative references Terms and definitions General requirements Classification of loads Combination of loads Weight of structures and soils Loads caused by equipment, people, animals, stocked materials, goods and transport vehicles 8.1 Determination of loads caused by equipment, stocked materials and goods 8.2 Uniformly distributed loads 8.3 Concentrated loads and handrail loads 8.4 Loads caused by transport vehicles Loads caused by overhead and underslung cranes 10 Snow loads 11 Wind effects 11.1 Design wind load 11.2 Peak wind load 11.3 Resonant vortex excitation 11.4 Dynamic comfort 12 Glaze ice loads 13 Temperature climate effects 14 Other loads 15 Deflections and displacements 15.1 General instructions 15.2 Deflection limits Appendix A (Приложение A) (reference) Regulatory documents Appendix B (Приложение Б) (reference) Terms and definitions Appendix V (Приложение В) (mandatory) V.1 Overhead and underslung cranes Appendix G (Приложение Г) (mandatory) Snow load patterns and µ factors Appendix D (Приложение Д) (mandatory) Wind loads Appendix D (Приложение Д) Deflections and displacements Appendix Ye (Приложение Е) Zoning maps of the territory of the Russian Federation based on climate characteristics Bibliography Introduction This Code of Practice was elaborated with account of the mandatory requirements of Federal Laws dated December 27, 2002 No 184-FZ On Technical Regulation, dated December 30, 2009 No 384-FZ Technical Regulations on Safety of Buildings and Facilities and contains general technical requirements for assignment of loads, impacts and their combinations in construction of new and extension, renovation and retooling of operating plants, buildings and facilities The Code of Practice was developed by the team of authors of TsNIISK named NormaCS® (NRMS10-30288) www.normacs.ru www.vietcons.edu.vn SP 20.13330.2016 Loads and Effects after V A Kucherenko of Construction JSC NIC (Cand Sc (Eng.) N A Popov, I V Lebedeva, Doct Sc (Eng.) I I Vedyakov) with participation of Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences (Doct Sc (Eng.) V I Travush) and Main Geophysical Observatory named after A.I Voyeikov FSBI (Doct Sc (Geogr.) N V Kobysheva) SP 20.13330.2011 SET OF RULES LOADS AND EFFECTS Introduction date: 2011-05-20 Scope of Application 1.1 This Code of Practice establishes requirements for assignment of loads, impacts and combinations thereof taken into account in the design of buildings and facilities based on limit states of the first and second groups, in accordance with the provisions of GOST 27751 Note Hereinafter, where possible, the term “impact” is omitted and replaced by the term “load”, while the words “buildings and facilities” are replaced by the word “facilities” 1.2 In the design, it is necessary to take into account loads occurring during construction and operation of facilities, as well as during manufacture, storage and transportation of structural units Normative References The following normative documents are referenced in this Code of Practice: GOST 27751-2014 Reliability of Structural Units and Basements Basic Provisions SP 131.13330.2012 SNiP 23-01-99* Building Climatology (with Revision No 2) SN 2.2.4/2.1.8.566 Industrial Vibration, Vibration in Rooms of Residential and Public Buildings Note When using this Code of Practice, it is advised to check the status of the referenced documents in the public information system: on the official website of the federal executive body in charge of standardization, or using the National Standards annual reference index published as of January, of the current year as well as the monthly issues of the National Standards reference index published in the current year In case of undated references, if a referenced document has been superseded, it is recommended to use the effective version of that document with account of all changes made to the given version In case of dated references, if the referenced document has been superseded, it is recommended to use the version of that document approved (enacted) in the aforementioned year In case of dated references, if amendment to a referenced document affecting the provision referring to that document is introduced after this Code of Practice has been approved, it is recommended that such provision be applied exclusive of that amendment If a referenced document has been cancelled without being superseded, it is recommended that the provision referring to that document be applied to the extent exclusive of such reference It is advised to check the status of the referenced codes of practices in the federal reference file of standards Terms and Definitions This Code of Practice uses the following terms with their respective definitions: 3.1 Impacts: loads, temperature changes, environmental impacts on the construction facility, wind, settlement of basements, offset of supports, degradation of material properties with time NormaCS® (NRMS10-30288) www.normacs.ru www.vietcons.edu.vn SP 20.13330.2016 Loads and Effects and other effects causing changes in strain-stress state of structural units During analyses, impacts may be assumed as equivalent loads 3.2 Load safety factor: factor taking into account potential adverse load deviation (towards higher or lower values) from specified values under normal operation of facilities 3.3 Load combination factor: factor taking into account decrease of probability of simultaneous achievement by several loads of their design values 3.4 Loads: external mechanical forces (weight of structures, equipment, people, snow, etc.) acting on construction facilities 3.5 Continuous loads: Loads with changes in their design values during design working life of a construction facility being negligible compared to their average values 3.6 Short-term loads: loads with design values lasting for a much shorter period than working life of a facility 3.7 Standard (base) values of loads: the key base characteristic set by corresponding design norms, technical specifications or technical assignment for design 3.8 Special loads: loads and impacts (for instance, explosion, transport vehicle collision, equipment breakdown, fire, earthquake, certain climatic loads, failure of a bearing structural element) resulting in emergencies with potential catastrophic consequences 3.9 Design load value: ultimate (maximum or minimum) value of load within the period of facility operation 3.10 Design load combinations: all potential unfavorable combinations of loads to be taken into account during design of facilities General Requirements 4.1 Key characteristics of loads set in these regulations are their standard (base) values If it is necessary to take into consideration duration of loads during endurance check, resistance to fatigue and in other cases stated in the design standards of structrues and bases; decreased standard values of loads from equipment, people, animals and transport vehicles on floor structures of residential, public and agricultural buildings, from overhead and underslung cranes, snow, temperature climatic impacts are established 4.2 Design loads shall be determined by multiplication of its standard value by the Load safety factor f corresponding to the limits state under consideration Minimum safety factors f are determined in the following way: a) for design based on limit states of the first group — in accordance with 7.2–7.4, 8.1.4, 8.2.2, 8.3.4, 8.4.5, 9.8, 10.12, 11.1.12, 12.5 and 13.8; Misprint NormaCS® (NRMS10-30288) www.normacs.ru www.vietcons.edu.vn SP 20.13330.2016 Loads and Effects b) for design based on limit states of the second group — taken equal to one, if no other values are set in the design standards of structrues and bases 4.3 Design values of special loads are specified in the relevant regulatory documents or technical assignments for design In special combinations (see 6.2) the load safety factor for permanent, continuous and shortterm loads shall be taken equal to one, except in cases stipulated in other regulatory documents 4.4 Design values of climate loads and effects (snow and glaze ice loads, wind, temperature effects, etc.) may be set in accordance with the established procedures based on the analysis of corresponding climate data for the construction site 4.5 When designing structures and bases for conditions of construction of buildings and facilities, design values of snow, wind and glaze ice loads and temperature climate effects shall be reduced by 20 % 4.6 Additional requirements for assignment of regulatory and design values of loads, as well as load safety factors and combination factors may be stated in regulatory documents for certain kinds of facilities, structural units and basements 4.7 For building and facilities of the extra criticality level, as well as in all cases not specified in this Code of Practice, additional requirements for loads and impacts on structural units and basements shall be stipulated in regulatory documents for individual kinds of facilities, structural units and basements, as well as in design assignments while considering the recommendations developed as part of scientific and technical support of designing Classification of Loads 5.1 Depending on load duration, the following types of loads are identified: permanent loads Pd and temporary loads (continuous loads Pl, short-term loads Pt, special loads Ps) 5.2 In the design, loads occurred during manufacturing, storage and transportation of structures, as well as construction of facilities, shall be considered to be short-term loads Loads occurred during operation of facilities shall be considered in accordance with instructions contained in 5.3–5.6 5.3 Permanent loads Pd include the following: a) Weight of parts of facilities, including of bearing and fencing structures; b) Weight and pressure of soils (embankments and backfills), overburden pressure; c) Hydrostatic pressure NormaCS® (NRMS10-30288) www.normacs.ru www.vietcons.edu.vn SP 20.13330.2016 Loads and Effects Pre-stress tension remaining in structrues or bases shall be considered in the design as forces caused by permanent loads 5.4 Continuous loads Pl include the following: a) Weight of temporary partitions, grouts and concrete foundations of equipment; b) Weight of stationary equipment: machines, tools, motors, vessels, pipelines with fittings, substructures and insulation, belt conveyers, permanent hoists with ropes and guides, as well as weight of liquids and solid bodies filling equipment; c) Pressure of gases, liquids and granular materials in vessels and pipelines, excessive pressure and rarefaction of air occurred during shaft ventilation; d) Loads on flooring structures caused by stocked materials and racking equipment in storage facilities, refrigerators, grain warehouses, book depositories, archives and similar facilities; e) Temperature effects of stationary equipment; f) Weight of a water layer on flat water-filled roof structures; g) Weight of occupational dust deposits, if no measures for dust removal are planned; h) Reduced loads stated in 4.1; i) Decreased loads from equipment, people, animals and transport vehicles on floor structures of residential, public and agricultural buildings, from overhead and underslung cranes, snow, temperature climatic impacts (see also 4.1); j) Effects caused by deformations of bases not accompanied by fundamental changes in soil structure, as well as thawing of permafrost soils; k) Impacts caused by changes in moisture content, shrinkage and creep of materials 5.5 Short-term loads Pt include the following: a) Loads caused by equipment operating in start-stop, transient and testing modes, or equipment replacement or change; b) Weight of people and repair materials in equipment service and maintenance zones; c) Loads caused by people, animals and equipment on flooring structures of residential, public and agricultural buildings with full standard values, except for loads set in 5.4 a, b, d, e; d) Loads caused by mobile hoisting and handling equipment (loaders, power trucks, stacking cranes, telfers, as well as overhead and underslung cranes with full standard value), including weight of transported items; NormaCS® (NRMS10-30288) www.normacs.ru www.vietcons.edu.vn SP 20.13330.2016 Loads and Effects e) Loads caused by transport vehicles; f) Climate loads (snow, wind, temperature and glaze ice loads), stated in Sections 10–13 5.6 Special Ps loads shall include seismic and emergency impacts Emergency impacts are as follows: a) Explosion b) Loads caused by abrupt disturbances of processes, temporary malfunction or failure of equipment c) Impacts caused by deformations of basements accompanied by fundamental changes in soil structure (for example, in case of wetting of subsiding soils) or soil subsidence in mine workings or karst zones d) Loads caused by fire e) Loads from collision of transport vehicles with parts of facilities f) Climatic (snow, wind, temperature and ice slick) loads whose impact may cause a design emergency Combination of Loads 6.1 Design of structures and bases for limit states of the first and second groups shall be performed with account of unfavourable combinations of loads or corresponding forces Such combinations are set based on the analysis of real scenarios of simultaneous effect of different loads for a particular stage of operation of a structure or base 6.2 Depending on the load combination of interest, the following shall be distinguished: a) Basic load combinations consisting of permanent, continuous and short-term loads Cт = Pd + (l1Pl1 + l2Pl2 + l3Pl3 + ) + (t1Pt1 + t2Pt2 + t3Pt3 + ); (6.1) b) Special combinations of loads consisting of permanent, continuous, short-term and one of special loads Cs = Cm + Ps, (6.2) Where Cт — load for the basic combination; Cs — load for special combination; li (i = 1, 2, 3, ,) — combination factors for continuous loads; ti (i = 1, 2, 3, ,) — combination factors for short-term loads NormaCS® (NRMS10-30288) www.normacs.ru www.vietcons.edu.vn SP 20.13330.2016 Loads and Effects 6.3 For the basic and special combinations of loads, except in cases provided by facilities design standards for seismic areas and design standards of structures and bases, factor of combination of continuous loads l is determined as follows: - For uniformly distributed loads (5.4) l1 = 1.0; l2 = l3 = = 0.95, Where l1 — combination factor corresponding to the main continuous load based on degree of impact; l2, l3 — combination factors for other continuous loads: For crane loads — in accordance with instructions of 9.19; For other loads — l = 1.0 6.4 For the basic combinations it is necessary to use the following combination factors of short-term loads l1 = 1.0; l2 = 0.9, l3 = l4 = = 0.7, Where t1 — combination factor corresponding to the main short-term load based on degree of impact; t2 — combination factor corresponding to the second short-term load; t3, t4 — combination factors for other short-term loads Combination factors for crane loads shall be established in compliance with 9.18 6.5 For special combinations of loads, combination factors for all short-term loads are set equal to 0.8, except in cases provided by facilities design standards for seismic areas and design standards of structures and bases In case of special combinations of loads including explosions effects, loads caused by fire or collision of transport vehicles with parts of facilities, short-term loads may be ignored Thereat, the load safety factor γf for all short-term loads shall be taken equal to 0.5 6.6 When considering load combinations in accordance with instructions of 6.3–6.5, the following shall be considered as one temporary load: a) Load of a certain kind caused by one source (pressure or vacuum in a vessel, snow, wind, ice slick loads, temperature climatic impacts, load from one loader, fork-lift battery truck, overhead or underslung crane) b) Loads from several sources adopted with their design values, if they act together (loads from equipment, people and stacked materials on one or several floor structures with account of factors φ1–φ4 given in 8.2.4 and 8.2.5; loads from several overhead NormaCS® (NRMS10-30288) www.normacs.ru www.vietcons.edu.vn SP 20.13330.2016 Loads and Effects or underslung cranes with account of factor ψt given in 9.18; ice slick/wind load determined in compliance with 12.3) Weight of Structures and Soils 7.1 Standard weight of factory-built structures shall be determined based on standards, shops drawings or manufacturers’ certificate data; standard weight of other structures and soils shall be defined in accordance with the design dimensions and specific weight of materials and soils with account of their moisture content in conditions of facilities construction and operation 7.2 Load safety factors f for structure and soil weight are given in Table 7.1 T a b l e 7.1 Structures of facilities and types of soils Load safety factor f Structures Metal structures except for those mentioned in 7.3 1.05 Concrete structures (with an average density more than 1,600 kg/m3), reinforced concrete, stone, reinforced brickwork and wood structures 1.1 Concrete structures (with an average density 1,600 kg/m3 and less), insulation, leveling and finishing coating (plates, rolled materials, fills, screed, etc.): Factory-built 1.2 Manufactured at construction site 1.3 Soils In-situ 1.1 At construction site 1.15 Note — When determining soil loads, loads on soil caused by stocked materials, equipment and transport vehicles shall be also taken into consideration 7.3 When checking tip stability of structures, and in other cases when reduction of structure and soil weight may worsen structure operation conditions, it is necessary to perform calculation with the load safety factor for the weight of the structure or its part γf = 0.9, unless otherwise specified in the design standards for such structures Thereat, the case of short-term loads decreased values shall be also taken into account 7.4 When checking tip stability of structures, and in other cases, where reduction of structure and soil weight may worsen structure operation conditions, it is necessary to perform calculation with the load safety factor for the weight of the structure or its NormaCS® (NRMS10-30288) www.normacs.ru www.vietcons.edu.vn SP 20.13330.2016 Loads and Effects MAP ZONING OF THE TERRITORY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION BASED ON WIND PRESSURE Boundaries of zones with different wind pressure Scale 1:17 000 000 NormaCS® (NRMS10-30288) www.normacs.ru www.vietcons.edu.vn SP 20.13330.2016 Loads and Effects MAP 2b ZONING OF THE TERRITORY OF KAMCHATKA PENINSULA BASED ON WIND PRESSURE AMENDMENTS TO MAP ZONING OF THE TERRITORY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION BASED ON WIND PRESSURE MAP 2d ZONING OF THE CAUCASUS AREA BASED ON WIND PRESSURE Boundaries of zones MAP 2a ZONING OF THE TERRITORY OF PRIMORSKY KRAI AND SAKHALIN ISLAND BASED ON WIND PRESSURE Scale1:7 000 000 Scale1:7 000 000 MAP 2c ZONING OF THE TERRITORY OF KOLA PENINSULA BASED ON WIND PRESSURE MAP 2e ZONING OF THE TERRITORY OF KALININGRAD REGION BASED ON WIND PRESSURE Scale1:7 000 000 Scale1:7 000 000 Scale1:10 000 000 NormaCS® (NRMS10-30288) www.normacs.ru www.vietcons.edu.vn SP 20.13330.2016 Loads and Effects MAP 2bYE (Е) ZONING OF THE CRIMEA REPUBLIC BASED ON WIND PRESSURE Addition to Map Zoning of the territory of the Russian Federation on wind pressure Note Basic wind pressure for mountainous region type VII to be clarified on statistical analysis of wind speed data from local meteorological stations NormaCS® (NRMS10-30288) www.normacs.ru www.vietcons.edu.vn SP 20.13330.2016 Loads and Effects MAP ZONING OF THE TERRITORY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION BASED ON GLAZE ICE WALL THICKNESS Boundaries of zones with different glaze ice wall thickness Mountain and poorly studied zones Scale 1:17 000 000 NormaCS® (NRMS10-30288) www.normacs.ru www.vietcons.edu.vn SP 20.13330.2016 Loads and Effects MAP 3a (а) ZONING TERRITORY OF THE MOUNTAIN CAUCASUS REPUBLIC BASED ON WIND PRESSURE Addition to Map Zoning of the territory of the Russian Federation on glance ice wall thickness NormaCS® (NRMS10-30288) www.normacs.ru www.vietcons.edu.vn SP 20.13330.2016 Loads and Effects MAP 3b (б) ZONING TERRITORY OF THE CRIMEA REPUBLIC BASED ON WIND PRESSURE Addition to Map Zoning of the territory of the Russian Federation on glance ice wall thickness NormaCS® (NRMS10-30288) www.normacs.ru www.vietcons.edu.vn SP 20.13330.2016 Loads and Effects MAP 3v (в) ZONING TERRITORY OF THE PRIMORSKY KRAI AND SAKHALIN ISLAND BASED ON WIND PRESSURE Addition to Map Zoning of the territory of the Russian Federation on glance ice wall thickness Boundaries of zones with different glaze ice wall thickness Mountain and poorly studied zones NormaCS® (NRMS10-30288) www.normacs.ru www.vietcons.edu.vn SP 20.13330.2016 Loads and Effects Map g (г) Zoning of the Northern part of European territory of Russian Federation on glance ice wall thickness on high 200 m Scale 1:17 000 000 NormaCS® (NRMS10-30288) www.normacs.ru www.vietcons.edu.vn SP 20.13330.2016 Loads and Effects Map d (д) Zoning of the Northern part of European territory of Russian Federation on glance ice wall thickness on high 300 m Scale 1:17 000 000 NormaCS® (NRMS10-30288) www.normacs.ru www.vietcons.edu.vn SP 20.13330.2016 Loads and Effects Map ye (е) Zoning of the Northern part of European territory of Russian Federation on glance ice wall thickness on high 400 m Scale 1:17 000 000 NormaCS® (NRMS10-30288) www.normacs.ru www.vietcons.edu.vn SP 20.13330.2016 Loads and Effects MAP ZONING OF THE TERRITORY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION BASED ON BASIC VALUE OF MINIMUM AIR TEMPERATURE isotherm lines Scale 1:17 000 000 NormaCS® (NRMS10-30288) www.normacs.ru www.vietcons.edu.vn SP 20.13330.2016 Loads and Effects MAP 4,a (a) ZONING OF THE TERRITORY OF THE CRIMEA REPUBLIC BASED ON BASIC VALUE OF MINIMUM AIR TEMPERATURE ℃ MAP ZONING OF THE TERRITORY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION BASED ON BASIC VALUE OF MINIMUM AIR TEMPERATURE ℃ NormaCS® (NRMS10-30288) www.normacs.ru www.vietcons.edu.vn SP 20.13330.2016 Loads and Effects MAP ZONING OF THE TERRITORY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION BASED ON BASIC VALUE OF MAXIMUM AIR TEMPERATURE ℃ isotherm lines Scale 1:17 000 000 NormaCS® (NRMS10-30288) www.normacs.ru www.vietcons.edu.vn SP 20.13330.2016 Loads and Effects MAP 5,a (a) ZONING OF THE TERRITORY OF THE CRIMEA REPUBLIC BASED ON BASIC VALUE OF MAXIMUM AIR TEMPERATURE ℃ ADDITION TO MAP ZONING OF THE TERRITORY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION BASED ON BASIC VALUE OF MAXIMUM AIR TEMPERATURE ℃ NormaCS® (NRMS10-30288) www.normacs.ru www.vietcons.edu.vn SP 20.13330.2016 Loads and Effects Bibliography [1] Federal Law No 190-FZ dated 29.12.2004 «Townplanning code of the Russian Federation» NormaCS® (NRMS10-30288) www.normacs.ru www.vietcons.edu.vn