UNIT 2 THE GENERATION GAP VOCABULARY 1 Generation gap /dʒenə''''rei∫n gæp / khoản cách giữa các thế hệ 2 Adapt /ə''''dæpt/ (n) làm cho hợp với, sửa cho hợp với 3 Argument /''''ɑ gjʊmənt/ (n) sự tranh luận, sự[.]
UNIT THE GENERATION GAP VOCABULARY Generation gap /dʒenə'rei∫n gæp / khoản cách hệ Adapt /ə'dæpt/ (n): làm cho hợp với, sửa cho hợp với Argument /'ɑ:gjʊmənt/ (n): tranh luận, bàn cãi = dispute (n) Characteristic /,kærəktə'ristik/ (a):đặc thù, đặc trưng, riêng = typical Conflict /kən'flikt /(n): mâu thuẫn, đối lập = discord /'diskɔ:/ Apple of discord : mối bất hòa Curious /'kjʊəriəs/(a): ham hiểu biết; tò mò, hiếu kỳ Digital native /'didʒitl 'neitiv / người sinh thời đại công nghệ Internet Experience /ik'spiəriəns (v,n): trải nghiệm Extended family : gia đình đa hệ, đại gia đình # Nuclear family /'nju:kliə[r]/ /'nu:kliər/ : gia đình hạt nhân, gia đình nhỏ gồm 1-2 hệ 10 Freedom /'fri:dəm/ tự do; quyền tự 11 Hire /'haiə[r]/ thuê, mướn =recruit = employ 12 Honesty /'ɒnisti/tính trung thực, tính chân thật in all honesty: thành thực mà nói 13 Individualism /,indi'vidʒʊəlizəm/ chủ nghĩa cá nhân 14 Influence /'inflʊəns/ (v) gây ảnh hưởng =impact =affect 15 Limit /'limit/ giới hạn limitation /limi'tei∫n/ hạn chế, giới hạn, mặt hạn chế, nhược điểm within limits: chừng mực đó, có mức độ # without limits: khơng có giới hạn, 16 Screen time : thời gian sử dụng thiết bị điện tử 17 Social media: phương tiện truyền thơng mạng xã hội 18 Value /'vỉlju:/ (n,v): giá trị, coi trọng 19 View (n) quan điểm = point of view = viewpoint= perspective 20 Bridge the gap /brɪdʒ ðə gæp/ (idiom): giảm thiểu khác biệt 21 Curfew/'kə:fju:/ (n.) lệnh giới nghiêm 22 Attitude /'ætɪtju:d/ towards (n.) thái độ 23 Burden /'bɜ:dn/ (n.) gánh nặng 24 Mature /mə'tʃʊə(r)/ (a) trưởng thành, chín chắn = old enough 25 Norm /nɔ:m/ (n.) chuẩn mực 26 Obey /ə'beɪ/(v.) lời, tuân thủ obedience (n) 27 Financial burden /faɪ'nænʃ1 'bɜ:dən/ (compound n.) gánh nặng tài 28 Follow in one's footsteps /'fɒləʊ ɪn wʌnz 'fʊtsteps/ (idiom) theo bước, nối nghiệp 29 Multi-generational /ˈmʌlti ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃənl/ (a) đa hệ, nhiều hệ 30 Objection /əbˈdʒekʃən/ (n.) phản kháng object to + ving 31 Open-minded /ˈəʊpən ˈmaɪndɪd/(a) cởi mở 32 Impose (on sb) /ɪm'pəʊz/ (v phr.) áp đặt vào 33 Elegant /'elɪgənt/ (a) lịch, tao nhã 34 Flashy /'flỉʃi/ (a) diện, hào nhống GRAMMAR REVIEW Modal Verbs: Must vs Have to, Should vs Ought to I Giới thiệu chung động từ khuyết thiếu Cách sử dụng Động từ khuyết thiếu dùng để nêu lên khả thực hành động, bắt buộc, khả xảy việc, vv Hình thức - Theo sau chủ ngữ đứng trước động từ ngun thể khơng có “to” - Khơng chia theo chủ ngữ (trừ trường hợp “have to”) - Thêm “not” phía sau dạng phủ định (trừ trường hợp “have to”) Ví dụ: I must go (Tơi phải rồi.) He should not disturb her now (Anh ta không nên làm phiền cô lúc này.) II So sánh must have to Dạng khẳng định Must: Diễn tả cần thiết hay bắt buộc mang tính chủ quan (do người nói định) S+ must + V Ví dụ: I must finish the exercises (Tơi phải hồn thành tập.) Tình huống: I’m going to have a party (Tơi có ý định dự tiệc.) Have to: Diễn tả ý bắt buộc mang tính khách quan (do luật lệ, quy tắc hay người khác định) S+ have to/ has to/ had to/ + V Ví dụ: I have to finish the exercises (Tơi phải hồn thành tập.) Tình huống: Tomorrow is the deadline (Ngày mai hạn cuối.) Dạng phủ định Must not: Diễn tả ý cấm đoán S+ must not (mustn't) + V Ví dụ: You must not eat that (Bạn khơng phép ăn đó.) Tình huống: It's already stale (Nó bị thiu rồi.) Not have to: Diễn tả ý không cần phải làm S+ not (don't)/ does not (doesn't) did not (didn't)/ will not (won't)/ + have to + V Ví dụ: You not have to eat that (Bạn khơng cần phải ăn thứ đó.) Tình huống: I can see you dislike that (Mình thấy bạn khơng thích nó.) III So sánh should ought to Dạng thức 1.1 Dạng khẳng định: S+ should + V S+ ought to + V Ví dụ: You should see a doctor if your cough gets worse (Ông nên khám bác sĩ bị ho nặng hơn.) You ought to see a doctor if your cough gets worse (Ông nên khám bác sĩ bị ho nặng hơn.) 1.2 Dạng phủ định: S+ should not (shouldn't) + V S+ ought not to (oughtn't to) + V Ví dụ: Mrs Smith shouldn't keep complaining (Bà Smith không nên tiếp tục phàn nàn nữa.) Mrs Smith oughtn't to keep complaining (Bà Smith không nên tiếp tục phàn nàn nữa.) Lưu ý: Dạng thức phủ định “ought to” không sử dụng phổ biến dạng thức phủ định “should” 1.3 Dạng nghi vấn: Should +S+V Ought + S + to + V Ví dụ: Should we care about the environment? (Chúng ta có nên quan tâm tới môi trường không?) Ought we to care about the environment? (Chúng ta có nên quan tâm tới mơi trường khơng?) Lưu ý: Dạng thức nghi vấn “ought to” không sử dụng phổ biến dạng thức nghi vấn “should” Cách sử dụng 2.1 Điểm giống: Cả “should” “ought to” sử dụng hỏi đưa lời khuyên gợi ý Ví dụ: You should learn English every day (Bạn nên học tiếng Anh hàng ngày.) You ought to learn English every day (Bạn nên học tiếng Anh hàng ngày.) 2.2 Điểm khác: Giữa “should” “ought to” có khác biệt nhỏ sắc thái lời khuyên Should Dùng cho lời khuyến mang tính chủ quan, thể Ought to Dùng với lời khuyên mang yếu tố khách quan, quan điểm cá nhân người nói tức có tác động ngoại cảnh luật lệ, bổn Ví dụ: Linda should go to bed early phận hay quy tắc Ví dụ: Emily ought to finish the report by 10 a.m (Linda nên ngủ sớm.) (Emily nên hoàn thành báo cáo trước 10 sáng.) PHONETICS Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions A value B afford C depend D impose A influence B attitude C counselor D decision A donate B compare C campaign D limit A experience B mobility C independence D priorities A romantic B infectious C protective D elegant A limit B obey C forbid D impose A experienced B responsible C sympathetic A generational B interpersonal C discriminative D educational A studious B illegal C dependent D respectful 10 A protection B charity C impairment D infection D remarkable Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions A focus B open C chore D impose A generation B advice C typical D elegant A manners B conflicts C objects D viewpoints A decision B impose C arise D organisation A restricted B obliged C respected D beloved A chemist B change C child D cheap A cooks B loves C joins D spends A advises B raises C devises D goes A teacher B children C chore D school 10.A hurry B under C pressure D rush Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions Although Mark is 25 years old, he always assists his mother to the chores every day A homework B works C housework D exercises Your table manners are awful - don't you know how to use a knife and fork? A etiquette B rules C behavior D attitudes When their children are teenagers, many parents struggle to comprehend what's happening to them A adults B elders C adolescents D genders Having a large extended family makes a number of problems inevitable A profits B issues C views D merits Now that Jean’s got a job, she’s financially independent A self-collected B self-confident C self-confessed D self-determining My mom inaccurately believes that my fashion style violates societal norms A habit B barrier C rule D conflict Because of its geographical position, Germany's perspective on the situation in Russia is very different from Washington's A point of view B view from point C idea D belief He's expensive, but not all his clients live flashily A plentifully B ostentatiously C comfortably D fashionably Incidents of armed robbery have increased over the last few years A diminish B lessen C rise D decline 10 I am really sad because conflict occurs constantly among generations in my extended family A comes on B comes up C comes in D comes into 11 I didn't go to work this morning I stayed at home due to the morning rain A thanks to B on account of C in spite of D in addition to 12 Since the death of Laura's father, her mother has become a breadwinner to support the family A a person who bakes bread every morning B a person who goes out to work to earn money C a bakery-owner D a person who delivers bread to make money 13 Could you take care of our children while I go away? A look like B look after C look for D look at 14 Domestic chores will no longer be a burden thanks to the inventions of laborsaving devices A Official B Household C Foreign D Schooling 15 She was brought up in a well-off family She can’t understand the problems we are facing A poor B broke C wealthy D kind Exercise Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions Having an extended family, however, did not always guarantee a role A close family B traditional family C nuclear family D large family Doctors these days tend to be more open-minded about alternative medicine A optimistic B lavish C close-knit Domestic violence must be strictly banned all around the world D narrow-minded A permitted B limited C restricted D forbidden Jane found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career A disagreement B harmony C controversy D combat My children's noise is interfering with my ability to concentrate on my work A focus B abandon C neglect D permit Older people tend to be more conservative and a bit suspicious of anything new A progressive B customary C Backward D unexceptional Eventually, I make the decision to follow in my father's footsteps and work for a state-owned enterprise A private-owned B public limited C privately-owned D government-owned When my parents are away on business, my grandmother usually looks after us A follows B abandons C concerns D bothers We hold my teacher in great respect for all of the wonderful things she has given us A look up to B look forwards to C look back on D look down on 10 I regretted not purchasing those trendy shoes due to a lack of funds A insufficiency B abundance 11 We arrived home safe and sound A healthy B unsound C scarcity D inadequacy C insound D Dissound 12 Never punish your children by hitting them This might teach them to become hitters A bring B accept C give D.reward 13 She denied having stolen his mother's money A refused B admitted C insisted on D reminded 14 Satish’s point of view was correct but his behavior with his father was quite impertinent A healthy B smooth C inadequate D respectful 15 The power failure at dinnertime caused consternation among the city’s housewisves A anxiety B calm C dismay D deliberation Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions In Viet Nam, most parents expect their children to help them with the chores A domestic B housework C extended D homework Living in three- or four-generational families, commonly referred to as " _ families," has both benefits and drawbacks A single-parent B extended C nuclear D crowded Many teenagers not like it when their parents impose their decision them A in B on C at D to The advantages of the new method really the disadvantages A outperform B outdo C outweigh D outgrow I have a 11 p.m If I went back home after that, I'd be in trouble A homestay B conflict C curfew D banning Parents should be by offering guidance to kids without forcing their decisions on them A like-minded B narrow-minded C open-minded D absent-minded Sam takes great in expressing her parents' compassion while conversing A please B pleasant C pleasantry D pleasure Lots of teenagers are so stubborn and refuse to their parents' advice A receive B bring C follow D regard An important rule in Tim's family is that they have to pay visits to their grandparents in the countryside A customary B normal C usual D regular 10 Mr John is an engineer and expects his son to follow his footsteps A up B in C on D at 11 I live in a/an in the coastal region with my parents and my older sister A extended family B nuclear family C extended house D nuclear house 12 One advantage of living in a/an is to improve the interaction between children and adults A nuclear family B nuclear house C extended family D extended house 13 In my opinion, family members are responsible for A the housework B the chores C homework D A and B 14 My grandpa is the most conservative person in my family He never about way of life A gives his opinion B changes his mind C gives his view D keeps in mind 15 After graduating from university, I want to my father's footsteps A follow in B succeed in C go after D keep up 16 In a nuclear family, both mother and father have responsibility for housekeeping and A child care B homework C childcare D generation gap 17 Four generations living in the same roof will have different of lifestyle A gaps B rules C manners D viewpoints 18 Luckily, my parents are always willing to listen to my new ideas They're very A narrow-minded B open-minded C elegant D careful 19 My father me from going home after p.m at night A forbids B allows C lets D All are correct 20 Anna often dresses when going to the parties in order to attract her friends' attention A plainly B properly C flashily D soberly 21 We're surprised by Joe's every Monday He does so at least four times per month A hairstyle B lifestyle C viewpoint D manner 22 I rarely eat and drink because they're not food for health A snack/energy drink B fast food/juice C fruit/alcoholic drink D junk food/soft drink 23 Generation is the difference in the thoughts and viewpoints amongst generations living together A distance B gap C space D All are correct 24 I was tired and couldn't on doing my research project properly A concentrate B look C focus D Both A and C 25 My parents don't let me get married until I graduate from university and they never their mind about that A keep B impose C focus D change 26 The arises when Jack and his parents have considerable disagreement on his choice of university A discrimination B conflict C agreement D gap 27 I morning exercise and play volleyball regularly so as to keep and be healthier A fit B good shape C healthy D strong 28 Since the family law was implemented, domestic violence has been a rare in this area A happen B taking place C occurrence D happenstance 29 My father used to a lot of challenges before establishing his own insurance company A provide B enjoy C give D face 30 I wish I could something to reduce financial on my parents A capital B burden C limit D gap 31 Parents often claim that and soft drinks are not good for their children's health A soft foods B junk foods C table foods D school foods 32 Open communication among parents and children can help create trust A dependent B endless C mutual D conflicting 33 Many children not like it when their parents them like little kids A treat B talk C behave D tell 34 Conflicts may when parents and children not share the same interests in music or arts A rise B raise C arise D climb 35 To many children, playing computer games is a form of A relax B relaxingly C relaxation D relaxed 36 Tina considers herself lucky when her parents are quite sympathetic her and offer her valuable advice A about B to C in D with 37 It is parents' duty and responsibility to _ hands to tae care of their children and give them a happy home A shake B hold C join D take 38 You are old enough to take _ for what you have done in some possible situations A responsible B responsibility C responsibly D irresponsible 39 He was looking at his parents _, waiting for recommendations A obey B obedience C obedient D obediently 40 The interviews with parents showed that the vast majority were _ of teachers A support B supportive C supporter D supporting GRAMMAR Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions All students wear uniforms at school because it is a rule A should B have to C ought to D must C should D ought to You finish your homework before you go to bed A must B have to This drink isn't beneficial for health You drink it too much A should B ought to not C ought not to D mustn't This warning sign indicates that you step on the grass A shouldn't B mustn't C don't have to D ought not to I think you exercise regularly in order to keep your body in good shape A must B should C ought to D Both B and C I will lend you some money, but you pay it back to me next week A should B have to C must D mustn't Hoa feed the cats because her mother has done it already A has to B doesn't have to C must D Both A and C Those audiences show their tickets before entering the concert hall A have to B must C ought to D don't have to The children spend too much time playing computer games A mustn't B ought to not C shouldn't D Both B and C 10 In case you're suffered from the injury, you see the doctor today A had better B must C ought D have better 11 Water park is free for kids under years old, so you pay money for your son A have to B mustn't C should 12 You look totally exhausted You take a rest instead of working overtime D don't have to A should B ought C must D has better 13 Anyone have a passport, even a visa when travelling all around the world A ought to B must C should D has to 14 In the peak season, travellers book their accommodation in advance A have to B must C should D ought 15 My car broke down yesterday, so I catch a taxi to the office A have to B had better C had to D has to 16 We eat as much fruit as possible in order to get enough vitamins for our bodies A had better B should C ought to D All are correct 17 You tell anyone what I've revealed to you It's still a secret A mustn't B had better not C ought not to D don't have to 18 If you still want to maintain this relationship, you behave improperly like that A ought to not B ought not to C mustn't D don't have to 19 When playing or swimming in the pool, children be accompanied by their parents A should B must C don't have to D have to 20 We go to work by car Sky train is a wise choice during rush hour A ought to B mustn't C shouldn't D have to C will D ought to 21 Young people obey their parents A must B may 22 Laura, you and the kids just have dinner without waiting for me I work late today A can B have to C could D would C might D can C shouldn’t D mustn’t 23 I be delighted to show you round the factory A ought to B would 24 Leave early so that you miss the bus A didn’t B won’t 25 Jenny’s engagement ring is enormous! It have cost a fortune A must B might C will D should Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following sentences According to the results of a survey which conducted by a USA magazine, there isn't really A B C a generation gap D The survey shows that today's generation of young people generally get along well with their A B parents and appreciate the way they're being risen C D (sửa thành “being raised”) His parents asked him to buy books which he found them useful and necessary for his study A B C D The number of articles published on the generation gap are really amazing A B C D With the discovery of the new material, the equipment are greatly improved A B C D I'm glad to invite to sing a song to you tonight as there is no better occasion A B C D The cake would get burnt if it had been left in the oven even two minutes longer A B C D When I found Linda, she was busy to play table tennis with her friend A B C D Her early arrival gave everyone a big surprise as it was typical for her to be late for most A B C occasions D 10 Sitting at the dinner table with strangers made the kids to be restless and uneasy A B C D Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following sentences Nobody in the class is as tall as Mike A Everybody in the class is taller than Mike B Somebody in the class may be shorter than Mike C Mike is the tallest student in the class D Mike may be taller than most students in the class I haven't got enough money to buy a new car A I need more money to buy a new car B I don't want to spend more money on a new car C A new car is not something I really need D Money is not the most essential issue to buy a new car 3 I am really keen on playing sports A I am a big fan of sports B Playing sports makes me sick C I am not really into sports D I can't stand sports “I will come back home soon,” he said A He advised to come back home soon B He offered to come back home soon C He promised to come back home soon D He suggested that he should come back home soon He prevented his close friend from telling the truth A He forbade his close friend to tell the truth B He allowed his close friend to tell the truth C He ordered his close friend to tell the truth D He paid his close friend to tell the truth It is not necessary for Alice to all the housework A Alice must not all the housework B Alice should not all the housework C Alice doesn't have to all the housework D Alice doesn't have to the unnecessary housework It was wrong of you to scare your brother like that A You must not scare your brother like that B You ought not to have scared your brother like that C You should have scared your brother like that D You should not scare your brother like that It is against the school rules to cheat in the test A You don't have to cheat in the test B You must cheat in the test C You must not cheat in the test D You have to cheat in the test It is necessary for young people to consult their parents about future career A Young people don't have to consult their parents about future career B Young people ought not to consult their parents about future career C Young people should have consulted their parents about future career D Young people must consult their parents about future career 10 Youngsters should confide their problems to their parents for sound solutions A It is advisable for youngsters to confide their problems to their parents for sound solutions B It is obligatory for youngsters to confide their problems to their parents for sound solutions C It is illegal for youngsters to confide their problems to their parents for sound solutions D It is optional for youngsters to confide their problems to their parents for sound solutions Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences given You shouldn't be worried You have prepared carefully for the test A You shouldn't be worried, and you have prepared carefully for the test B You shouldn't be worried, or you have prepared carefully for the test C You shouldn't be worried, for you have prepared carefully for the test D You shouldn't be worried, but you have prepared carefully for the test The kids like Sundays They don't have to get up early then A The kids like Sundays if they don't have to get up early then B The kids like Sundays although they don't have to get up early then C The kids like Sundays so that they don't have to get up early then D The kids like Sundays since they don't have to get up early then Some parents and children have different tastes in music They have different taste in fashion, too A Some parents and children have different tastes in both music and fashion B Some parents and children have different tastes in either music or fashion C Some parents and children have different tastes in neither music nor fashion D Some parents and children have different tastes in music but not fashion His parents don't like some of his friends His friends wear too flashy clothes A His parents don't like some of his friends despite their too flashy clothes B His parents don't like some of his friends because of their too flashy clothes C His parents don't like some of his friends but for their flashy clothes D His parents don't like some of his friends without their too flashy clothes Sue does not help her parents with the housework She is so irresponsible A Sue is so irresponsible that she cannot help her parents with the housework B Sue is not responsible enough to help her parents with the housework C Sue is so responsible a girl that she cannot help her parents with the housework D It is irresponsible of Sue not to help her parents with the housework My brother speaks too loud It is really annoying A My brother is speaking too loud B My brother likes to speak too loud C My brother feels annoyed when he can't speak too loud D My brother is always speaking too loud 7.She is an honest person She is also a very friendly one A She is an honest but friendly person B She is not only an honest but also a very friendly person C Though she is a honest person, she is friendly D Being honest is necessary to become friendly Your parents will help you with the problem You should tell them the story A Because your parents will help you with the problem, you should tell them the story B Your parents will help you with the problem since you should tell them the story C If your parents will help you with the problem, you should tell them the story D Your parents will help you with the problem because you should tell them the story Unemployment rate is high This makes many children move back to their parents' house A Many children move back to their parents' house, which makes high unemployment rate B High unemployment rate forces many children to move back to their parents' house C Moving back to their parents' house suggests that the unemployment rate is high D It is necessary to move back to your parents' house if unemployment rate is high 10 There is always conflict between parents and children However, they still should talk and share things with each other A Although there is always conflict between parents and children, they still should talk and share things with each other B There is always conflict between parents and children, so they still should talk and share things with each other C Unless there is always conflict between parents and children, they still should talk and share things with each other D Not only there is always conflict between parents and children, but they still should talk and share things with each other SPEAKING Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct response to each of the following exchanges Would you mind if I opened the windows? A Yes, of course B No, please It's too stuffy in here C I think it is OK D You look so tired Could you show me how to get to the nearest train station from here? A I'm not certain but it's maybe at the end of the street C Sorry, I never know you B I totally agree with you D I'm busy now From my point of view, all family members should share the chores equally A It's a breathtaking view B You lied to me C But you're right D There's no doubt about it I've been awarded a scholarship to Harvard University A Just kidding! B It's up to you C Good job! D Same to you Thanks! Don't forget to finish your homework before class A I'll it later B Not much C It's quite difficult D Thank you for reminding me Thanks a lot for helping me fix the car yesterday A I'd love to B You're welcome C Of course not D I like it I've seen John at the workshop on communication skills A I see I'll call him B The workshop was very useful C That can't be John because he's in Paris now D No, I don't think so How I sign up for the psychology course? A You need to fill in the online application form first B It's not yours C The course was full D Your deadline is May 15 What's about going to the waterpark? A That's a good idea B That's right C Of course! D I'm sorry I can't 10 Hi, I'd like to buy three tickets for the Lost in Fear A How many tickets? B I'm sorry They were sold out C We don't like this film D You should see other interesting films 11 Do you enjoy buying souvenirs? A No, I don't B No, thank you! C Never mind D No, I am not 12 Which show would you like to watch, madam? A Here you are! B No, thanks C I am sorry D Pardon? C It was great D I don't care C I can't it D I can't wait for it 13 What did you on Sunday? A No way! B Not much 14 I love listening to rock n' roll How about you? A I can't stand it B I can't help it 15 What's wrong with the shirt you bought last week? A Oh! What a beautiful shirt! B.I wore it last night C The zip has come off D I've the receipt READING COMPREHESION Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks Passage Fathers in today families are spending more time with their children than at any point in the past 100 years (1) the number of hours the average woman spends at home with her children has declined since the early 1900s, as more and more women enter the workforce, there has been a decrease in the number of children per family and an increase in (2) attention to each child As a result, mothers today in the United States, (3) those who work part- or full-time, spend almost twice as much time with each child as mothers did in the 1920s People (4) raised children in the 1940s and 1950s typically report that their own adult children and grandchildren communicate far better with their kids and spend more time helping with homework than they did America's children are also safer today than they've (5) been An infant was four times more likely to die in the 1950s than today A parent then was 27 per cent more likely to lose an older teen to death A Although B However C Unless D Besides A isolated B individual C unique D single A adding B counting C taking D including A whom B which C who D when A never B already C ever D just Passage Generation gap refers to a vast difference in cultural norms between a younger generation and their elders It’s a distressing thing for the phenomenon (1) _ occurs around the world The (2) _ of communication, different views on certain problems and different attitudes towards life may cause the generation gap or even widen it First, one of the major factors for this misunderstanding between two generations is that parents and children lack communication Young people (3) _ reveal their feelings to their parents, and often complain that their parents are out of (4) _ and that they talk too much about certain problems So when young people meet some problems, they would rather (5) _ to their classmates or their friends for help The lack of communication widens the generation gap A which B who C whom D what A deficiency B shortage C lack D inadequacy A sometimes B always C often D seldom A mind B reach C depth D touch A turn B turning C to turn D to have turned A opinions B perspectives C scopes D visions Passage The first thing that is included in the "living together” (1) is the expected good relations with your family This also involves sharing equally the housework (2) of people think that everyone should share the housework equally, but in many homes parents most of it To certain minds, many families can't share the housework whereas they should try it In fact, sharing the housework equally is not very possible because of the families' timetable So, it is somehow believed that children and parents must things together For this they can establish a housework planning (3) _ , housework's contributions of the teenager make him more responsible He will think that he has an important role in his family According to researchers, teenagers should share the housework because (4) will help them when they have to establish their own family in the future Too many teenagers and young adults leave home without knowing how to cook or clean, but if parents delegate basic housework to teens as they are old enough to it, they won't be destabilized by doing the housework in their new grown-up life It can be (5) concluded that many parents don't really prepare their children for future, because they don't stimulate them to learn how to run a house If parents get them responsible, teens will be more responsible and that will improve family's life (Source: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013) A custom B tradition C notion D trend A lots B few C little D a lot of A In addition B However C In contrast D In case A which B what C that D who A likely B probably C auspiciously D possibly Passage It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstandings between them They have always complained, more or less justly, that their parents are old-fashioned, possessive and dominant; that they not trust their children to deal with obstacles; that they talk too much about certain problems and that they have no sense of humor, at least in parent-child relationships I think it is true that parents often underestimate their teenage children and also forget how they themselves felt when young Young people often irritate their parents with their choices in clothes and hairstyles, in entertainers and music This is not their motive They feel cut off from the adult world into which they have not yet been accepted So they create a culture and society of their own Then, if it turns out that their music or entertainers or vocabulary or clothes or hairstyles irritate their parents, this gives them additional enjoyment They feel they are superior, at least in a small way, and that they are leaders in style and taste Sometimes you are resistant and proud because you not want your parents to approve of what you If they did approve, it looks as if you are betraying your own age group But in that case, you are assuming that you are the underdog: you can you can keep your honor This is a passive way of looking at things It is natural enough after long years of childhood, when you were completely under your parents' control But it ignores the fact that you are now beginning to be responsible for yourself If you plan to control your life, co-operation can be part of that plan You can charm others, especially parents, into doing things the ways you want You can impress others with your sense of responsibility and initiative, so that they will give you the authority to what you want to 1 What is paragraph mainly about? A The teenagers' criticism of their parents B Misunderstandings between teenagers and their parents C The dominance of the parents over their children D The teenagers' ability to deal with difficulty According to paragraph 2, teenagers tend to have strange clothes and hairstyles because they A want to show their existence by creating a culture of their own B have a strong desire to be leaders in style and taste C have no other way to enjoy themselves better D want to irritate their parents The word "superior" in the passage is closest in meaning to A passive B dominant C advantageous D updated Teenagers not want their parents to approve of whatever they because they A have already been accepted into the adult world B are not likely to win over the adults C have a desire to be independent D feel that they are superior in a small way to the adults To improve parent-child relationships, teenagers are advised to be A obedient B responsible C co-operative D independent Passage Stella McCartney was born in 1972, the daughter of pop star Sir Paul McCartney She is the youngest of three sisters One sister is a potter and the other sister does the same job as their mother used to - she works as a photographer Stella's brother, James, is a musician Stella first hit the newspaper headlines in 1995 when she graduated in fashion design from art college At her final show, her clothes were modeled by her friends, Naomi Campbell and Kate Moss, both well-known models Unsurprisingly, the student show became frontpage news around the world Stella hadn't been in the news before as a fashion designer but she had spent time working in the fashion world since she was fifteen In March 1997, Stella went to work for the fashion house Chloe People said the famous fashion house had given her the job because of her surname and her famous parents but Stella soon showed how good she was She designs clothes which she would like to wear herself, although she's not a model, and many famous models and actors choose to wear them In 2001 Stella started her own fashion house and has since opened stores around the world and won many prizes A lifelong vegetarian, McCartney does not use any leather or fur in her design Instead, she uses silk, wool and other animal-derived fabrics Which of the following is NOT true about Stella's family? A She has three sisters B One of her sisters is a photographer C She is the youngest D Her father is a famous singer Stella, Naomi Campbell and Kate Moss A met for the first time at her fashion show B are very famous fashion models C had been friends before 1995 D all performed at the final show in 1995 Which of the following is TRUE about the show? A Everyone was surprised when Stella's show was successful B The models performed clothes designed by Stella C The show was the last show of Stella D There was no one famous appearing in the show Stella thinks about the kinds of clothes that A famous people like to wear B she likes to wear C well-known models perform beautifully D bring her prizes The word “lifelong” in the passage is closest in meaning to A permanent B inconstant C temporary D changing Passage There are many types of family systems around the world In North America and northern Europe, the nuclear family (with two generations - a father, a mother and one or more children) is often seen as the most typical In contrast, in most other parts of the world, extended families, which include other family members such as grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins, are seen as the norm The common view is that the nuclear family has become the norm in many Western societies as a result of industrialization and urbanization This trend began in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, when people were forced to move to cities to find work in the factories that sprang up during the Industrial Revolution In the twentieth century, greater industrialization resulted in even more people leaving their large extended families Urbanization also meant that people lived in much smaller houses, which were not big enough for an extended family The trend towards nuclear families meant that many of the duties and responsibilities of a family, such as providing food and shelter, cleaning the home, preparing the food, caring for children and their education, and caring for the sick and elderly are no longer shared among the members of the extended family The parents (or parent) now have to this, with some help from the state However, this is the price that people pay for the higher standard of living that may come from living in a city We may think we know what we mean by a ‘nuclear’ family and an ‘extended’ family, but reality is more complicated than most people believe Most nuclear families are part of extended families: children have grandparents and, in many cases, aunts, uncles and cousins as well Part of what makes them ‘nuclear’ is that they live in their own separate household, but it is not the whole story In Greece or Italy, for example, a nuclear family may live in its own flat, but the extended family may live in the same apartment block or in the same street and family members see each other and even eat together every day According to paragraph 1, the nuclear family is seen as the most common in A all parts of the world B most places except North America C most places except northern Europe D north America and northern Europe The word "norm" in the passage mostly means A standard B exception C law D story What made the nuclear family become the norm? A Higher living standard B Reduction of land C Higher prices of food and shelter D Industrialization and urbanization The word "sprang up" in the passage is closest in meaning to A declined B widened C expanded D prolonged According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true about nuclear families? A They are isolated from their extended families B They often live in their separate household C They often live in smaller houses D They have fewer members to share family duties Passage Different relationships have effects on teenagers in many ways Friends influence teenagers almost the same amount as their parents Teenagers go to their friends for help or to ask questions that they could not ask their parents about Most of their friends give them good advice In most cases, they tell their friends how to dress and act when being around certain people Love relationships just make it even harder for a teenager to get a good education Some start to fail in school because they are hanging out with their boyfriends or girlfriends instead of doing their work Parents have a big influence on teenagers because their children look up to them and the majority of them grow up to act and things just like their parents did with them Children who have experienced with a family break-up may have lower achievements than children brought up in an intact family As previously stated, teenagers are affected by many relationships which involve their friends, family, and their love relationships The relationships affect them so much that most teenagers change their ideas about how they should live their lives in a different way and to change their future goals They should be influenced to help themselves or to help others Relationships can A influence teenagers in many aspects of their lives B help teenagers to decide the future goals in love relationships C help others to form relationships D help teenagers to follow their future goals with their friends and family