Xây dựng đời sống văn hóa ở sư đoàn phòng không hà nội ttta

MINISTRY OF CULTURE, SPORTS AND TOURISM MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI UNIVERSITY OF CULTURE ******** LUU THI PHUONG THAO BUILDING THE CULTURAL LIFE AT THE HANOI AIR DEFENSE DIVISION Major: Cultural Management Code: 9229042 DOCTORAL DISSERTATION SUMMARY ON CULTURAL MANAGEMENT HANOI, 2023 The dissertation was completed at: HA NOI UNIVERSITY OF CULTURE MINISTRY OF CULTURE, SPORTS AND TOURISM Scientific Supervisors: Assoc Prof Dr Le Quy Duc Dr Nguyen Thi Phuong Lan Reviewer 1: Prof Dr Tu Thi Loan Vietnam National Institute of Culture and Art of Vietnam Reviewer 2: Ass Prof Dr Pham Duy Duc Ho Chi Minh National Academy Of Politics Reviewer 3: Ass Prof Dr Dang Hoai Thu Hanoi University Of Culture The dissertation will be defended at University level Doctoral Dissertation Assessment Committee at Ha Noi University of Culture 418 La Thanh street, Dong Da, Ha Noi On:… , day… month … , 2023 The dissertation can be found at: - The National Library of Viet Nam - Library of Ha Noi University of Culture INTRODUCTION Rationale for choosing the topic In recent years, the Communist Party of Vietnam has always given great attention to the development of culture and cultural life (CL) in the country Cultural life at the units of the Vietnam People’s Army (VPA) is part of the overall CL of the society and plays an important role in building a "revolutionary, formal, elite, and modern" army and nurturing the noble qualities of "Uncle Ho's soldiers" The construction of CL in the army has gained increasing attention, achieving many positive results and deepening over time However, the work of building the CL in the army still needs to be continuously studied and improved in various organizational and management aspects The construction of CL in the Hanoi Air Defense Division (HAD) with the participation of many entities with different roles, functions, and tasks has achieved many beautiful results, contributing to the building of a strong and comprehensive division that is a "model example" and "outstanding Air Defense - Air Force soldiers." However, this process still has limitations and shortcomings, especially in the current situation with many new influencing factors The study of building the CL in the HAD aims to promote its positive aspects and overcome these limitations and shortcomings Given the current influencing factors, the desire is to provide theoretical and practical perspectives to contribute to the development of a good, healthy, and rich CL in the HAD Until now, there has been no specialized research that fully and deeply addresses this issue Therefore, the researcher has chosen the topic “Building the cultural life at the Hanoi Air Defense Division” for the study Research purposes and missions 2.1 Research purposes Based on the assessment of the current situation of building the CL in the HAD, the thesis aims to propose solutions to contribute to improving the quality of building the CL in the HAD in accordance with the cultural needs of officers, soldiers, and the development requirements of the VPA and the HAD currently 2.2 Research missions - Study the theoretical foundations and theories applied in the thesis, synthesize studies related to the topic - Study and assess the current situation of building the CL in the HAD - Analyze and clarify the influencing factors and propose solutions to improve the quality of building the CL in the HAD currently Research object and scope 3.1 Research object The research object of the thesis is the work of building the CL in the HAD 3.2 Research scope * Time scope: From 2014 to 2022 * Spatial scope: 05 units of the HAD: Division Head office, H50, H80, H93 and D11 * Content scope: - Study the roles of the subjects participating in the construction of CL - Study the work of building the CL in the HAD in connection with the development of programmes and plans; Mobilisation, usage, and management of resources; Implementation of cultural activities; Review, assessment, competition and commendation Research questions and hypotheses 4.1 Research questions - What is the significance of building the CL in the HAD in the construction of a "revolutionary, formal, elite, and modern" army and nurturing the noble qualities of "Uncle Ho's soldiers" in the new period for the soldiers of the HAD? - How is the role of each subject in building the CL in the HAD implemented? - What are the limitations of the construction of CL in the HAD, associated with the roles of the subjects, and how can they be overcome? 4.2 Scientific hypotheses - In the context of integration and globalization, the work of building the CL in the HAD is influenced by many objective and subjective factors, both positive and negative, leading to certain effects, thus it is imperative to be fully identified to have appropriate solutions - There is a need for solutions to continue building the CL in the HAD to achieve desired results in the face of the influencing factors analyzed above Approach and research methods 5.1 Approach: The thesis used an interdisciplinary approach 5.2 Research methods: Analytical and synthesis methods; Field survey method (participation observations and in-depth interviews); Questionnaire survey sociological investigation method; and Comparative method Contributions of the thesis - About theory: The thesis contributes to supplementing and developing some theoretical issues related to building the CL in the army concerning concepts, principles, content, roles of subjects, construction methods, and the dominant characteristics of building the CL in the HAD in particular and the VPA in general - About reality: Assessing the current situation of building the CL in the HAD and proposing feasible solutions to improve the quality of building their CL in the coming time The thesis serves as a reference document for teaching, research, and learning about building the CL in the army today Structure of the thesis In addition to the introduction, conclusion, reference materials, and appendices, the thesis consists of chapters: Chapter 1: Overview of research situation, theoretical basis, and an overview of the Hanoi Air Defense Division Chapter 2: Current situation of building the cultural life at the Hanoi Air Defense Division Chapter 3: Influencing factors and solutions to improve the quality of building the cultural life at the Hanoi Air Defense Division currently CHAPTER OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH SITUATION, THEORETICAL BASIS, AND AN OVERVIEW OF THE HANOI AIR DEFENSE DIVISION 1.1 Research overview 1.1.1 Research works on cultural life Many research works have been conducted on various aspects of cultural life in Vietnam, such as Theoretical and practical issues in building culture in our country by a group of authors led by Hoang Vinh (1999) [100]; Nguyen Huu Thuc's work on The nationwide movement for unity in building the CL(2009) [86]; Workshop "Theoretical and practical issues in cultural life, cultural environment" (2015) [97], etc These research works have provided a rich and diverse understanding of cultural life, but there is still no consensus on the concept of cultural life in both broad and narrow senses, the purpose of building cultural life, and the analysis of activities to form cultural life at the grassroots level 1.1.2 Research works on building the CL in general and in the army 1.1.2.1 Research works on building the CL in general Several research works have focused on building the CL in general, such as Management of cultural activities by a group of authors (1998) [54]; Basic Culture - Information base documents edited by Ha Van Tang (2004) [9]; Nguyen Hung Khu's work on Community cultural life in the period of integration and development (2012) [57]; Basic cultural documents published by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism (Department of Grassroots Culture) in 2013 [10]; Phan Hong Giang and Bui Hoai Son's work on Management of Vietnamese culture in the process of renewal and international integration (2012) [38], etc These works have analyzed the role of building the cultural life, the content, and factors to ensure the construction of cultural life, and the management of cultural activities and culture activities in Vietnam in the increasing international integration period 1.1.2.2 Research works on building the CL in the army * Research works on building the CL in the army of Russia and the United States of America Modern Russian researchers like Vorobieva B.V with the work Культурно-досуговая работа в Вооруженных Силах Российской Федерации: учебник/под общ ред Б В Воробьева (Cultural and recreational work in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation) (2015) [104]; Khusnutdinov A.A, Khatsieva in the work Хациева И.А Культурно-досуговая работа в части: Содержание, организация, методы и формы // Материалы X Международной студенческой научной конференции «Студенческий научный форум [Электронный ресурс] (Cultural and recreational work at the unit: content, organization, methods, and forms) (2018) [109]; building the CLin the Russian military from the perspectives of "cultural activities" and "entertainment activities," collectively referred to as cultural and recreational activities The report American Military culture in the twenty-first century (2000) [118] by the "Center for Strategic and International Studies" (CSIS) suggests that maintaining an effective military culture requires support from timeless values and sufficient resources to adapt quickly to changing circumstances * Research works on building the CL in the VPA and the HAD There have been research works in the form of books, scientific topics, and articles on building the CL in the VPA and the HAD, such as Nguyen Duc Trinh's work on Culture, arts, and improving the spiritual life of the armed forces and people (2014) [92]; Dinh Xuan Dung's work on Culture-Art and the life of the armed forces (2016) [21]; Various circulars, regulations, and guidelines on spiritual-cultural activities in the VPA are summarized in the document Propaganda work in the VPA (2018) [89] by the Propaganda Department, General Political Department of the VPA; Some documents and articles have mentioned the issue of building the CL in the HAD, such as Nguyen Thi Kim Lien's work on Renewing the user services at the Library of the HAD (2014) [59]; History of the Air-Defense Division 361 (1965-2015)" (2015) [70]; Trinh Dung's article Soldiers with the military environment (2018) [24]; However, there is still no work which has focused on studying the construction of military cultural life as the main research subject These works suggest that building the CL in the VPA and the HAD has specific contents and characteristics that are suitable for the nature, functions, and military environment 1.1.3 Research works applying the role theory In the fields of socio-culture, there are some authors who have applied the role theory, such as Truong Ngoc Thang in the scientific paper Application of role theory to study the activities of grassroots trade union officials (2017) [83]; Nguyen Thu Phuong in the work Management of traditional craft village festivals in Hanoi city (2022) [68], etc These works have analyzed the roles associated with behaviors, expectations of certain subjects, and referred to the interactive relationships of subjects in the management and activities However, no author has addressed the application of role theory in constructing the cultural life in the army in general and in the HAD in particular This is a gap for the thesis to continue researching 1.1.4 Issues from the research review From summarizing the related research works on the thesis topic, it is shown that: - The scientific works within the scope of the thesis have provided not only theoretical but also practical foundations for constructing the cultural life in general, in the army, and in the HAD - An overview of the research situation shows that there is no work specifically addressing the issue of constructing the cultural life in the HAD, there is no in-depth and comprehensive research material on the work of constructing cultural life of the HAD from the perspective of role theory with the activities of cultural subjects Especially, the organization of practical activities of cultural life adapted to the characteristics of the HAD This is the issue that the thesis needs to solve 1.2 Theoretical basis of the thesis 1.2.1 Some concepts 1.2.1.1 Cultural life and cultural life in the army * Concept of cultural life Cultural life is the entirety of spiritual and cultural activities of subjects (with different roles) to meet the spiritual needs of people (individuals and communities), directing individuals and communities towards good values, nurturing personality, and comprehensive development * Concept of cultural life in the army (or military cultural life) Cultural life in the army is the entirety of spiritual and cultural activities of military subjects (officers, soldiers) with different roles, directed, organized according to plans, and highly unified to meet the spiritual needs of soldiers towards good values, nurturing the qualities of the "Uncle Ho's soldiers", contributing to building a strong and comprehensive army, as the "model, exemplary" 1.2.1.2 Notion of constructing cultural life and cultural life in the army - Buildign the cultural life (CL) is the process of organizing and implementing, managing programs, plans, resources, cultural activities of individuals and communities performed by various subjects with different roles to construct CL to satisfy the spiritual needs of individuals - Building the CL in the VPA: is the process of organizing and implementing, managing programmes, plans, resources, cultural activities of officers, soldiers performed by various subjects with different roles to construct CL to nurture and perfect the qualities of "Uncle Ho's soldiers", contributing to building a strong and comprehensive unit, being "model, exemplary” 1.2.2 Roles of building the cultural life in the army 1.2.2.1 Nurturing good human values, contributing to building the "Uncle Ho's soldiers" in the new period 1.2.2.2 Creating important motivation to build a strong and comprehensive military, being "model, exemplary", enhancing the combat capabilities of the unit 1.2.2.3 Meeting cultural needs, enhancing spiritual life for soldiers 1.2.2.4 Contributing to overcoming negative phenomena of social life affecting each soldier 1.2.3 Contents of building the cultural life in the army Firstly, constructing programmes, plans for cultural activities Secondly, mobilizing, utilizing and managing resources Thirdly, implementing practical cultural activities Fourthly, reviewing, evaluating, competing and commending 1.2.4 Characteristics of cultural life in the army and criteria for evaluating the quality of building the cultural life at units in the army 1.2.4.1 Characteristics of cultural life in the army - Cultural life in the army is formalised, unified, highly disciplined, associated with the characteristics of military activities - Cultural life in the army is diverse, closely attached, integrated, contributing to preserving the traditional culture and art of many regions - Reflecting the relationship between traditional and modern military cultural values, preserving and developing the values of "Uncle Ho's soldiers" - Cultural life in the army is built by the combination of internal and external factors of each unit 1.2.4.2 Criteria for evaluating the quality of buidling the CL at units in the army - The subjects and forces involved demonstrate their roles in leadership, direction, responsibility in organizing and implementing the construction of cultural life at the unit - The collective of officers and soldiers strive to develop themselves according to the model of the new Vietnamese citizen, meeting expectations for "Uncle Ho's soldiers" in the new period - Cultural institutions effectively carry out their activities, maintain regular cultural activities and habits - Fully implement the cultural life regimes, standards, and norms of soldiers as prescribed by the Ministry of Defense - Successfully fulfill the political task, build a revolutionary, disciplined, capable and modern military 1.2.5 Theory, application of theory and analytical framework 1.2.5.1 Role theory To address the issues raised by the thesis, the researcher chooses the role theory with a functional approach to roles in cultural management, including: Guidance role, Design role, Maintenance and Enhancement role, Adjustment role, Coordination role and Implementation role in activities to achieve the objectives of the organization 1.2.5.2 Application of the role theory to the thesis The application of the role theory to the study of building the CL in the HAD is specifically conducted when examining the roles and activities of the relevant subjects in CL building activities 1.2.5.3 Analytical framework Based on the application of the role theory combined with the purposes, tasks, and research hypotheses of the thesis, the researcher proposes an analytical framework as shown in Figure 1.1 in the thesis 1.3 Overview of Hanoi Air Defense Division 1.3.1 Overview of the formation and development history of the Division Hanoi Air Defense Division (also known as Air-Defense Division 361) was established on May 19, 1965 Together with the people of Hanoi and other units, the HAD successfully defeated multiple air strikes on Hanoi by the American enemy, contributing to a "Dien Bien Phu battle in the air" victory that resonated worldwide Over 58 years of construction, combat, and glorious victories, the HAD has always successfully fulfilled all tasks assigned by the Army, Air Defense and Air Force Command, deserving the trust of the people and receiving numerous prestigious rewards from the Party, State, and the Army 1.3.2 Functions and tasks of the Division The main tasks of the HAD are as follows: 1/ Tight management of the airspace and timely reporting of the aerial situation; 2/ Defending the integrity of the national borders in the air and protecting the airspace in the assigned region; 3/ Participating in safeguarding political security and social order and safety within the operational combat area of the Division; 4/ Ensuring a solid defense for important directions and target areas The HAD consists of various functional departments and several regiments stationed in Hanoi, urban areas, and midland regions, and some in mountainous areas The military activities of the HAD include three main forces (missiles, radar, and anti-aircraft artillery), which have a strong impact on building their CL Sub-conclusion In Chapter 1, the thesis presented an overview of the scientific works on cultural life, building the CL in general and in the arrmy in particular However, there has been no comprehensive research on this topic at units in the army with training tasks and combat readiness, especially at a specific unit like the HAD The cultural life in the army is a part of the socio-cultural life, with specific characteristics of military activities Building the CL in the VPA is an process of organizing, implementing and managing programmes, plans, and resources, cultural activities officers and soldiers implemented by the subjects with different roles to buid CL Building the CL at units in the army plays a significant role in the construction and development of a "revolutionary, formal, elite, and modern" army, fostering and nurturing the noble qualities of the "Uncle Ho's soldiers" in the new period The content of building the CL in the army includes activities such as: (1) Building programmes and plans; (2) Mobilizing and utilizing resources; (3) Implementing cultural activities; (4) Reviewing, assessing, competing, and commending Evaluating the quality of building the CL in the army also requires specific evaluation criteria related to the military environment and activities This thesis has outlined the history of the formation and development of the HAD, analyzed its functions and tasks to identify the relevant issues that affect the construction of the CL at the unit To have an overall and comprehensive evaluation of the CL construction at the HAD, the thesis will apply the role theory to conduct research Additionally, the research will closely follow the legal documents on constructing the CL in general, in the army and at the HAD in particular to identify the roles and activities of the subjects This will be an essential basis for conducting Chapter of the thesis 11 to 2022, there were over 6,500 visits to the Traditional House of the HAD, and 7,700 visits to those of the regiments - Organizing reading activities The personnel of the libraries and reading rooms within the HAD have proactively built up a collection of books, newspapers, and documents They ensure the distribution of newspapers and magazines according to Circular 104/TT-BQP of the Ministry of National Defense (now Circular 138), which stipulates standards and guidelines for the cultural and spiritual aspects of life within the VPA Basic services of lending books and newspapers to readers have met the demands of information users From 2014 to 2022, over 8,216 individuals visited the Division's Library to read books, and more than 12,000 individuals visited the libraries within the regiments Additionally, the personnel of the Division's Library and the reading rooms of the H50, H80, and H93 regiments actively undertake the roles of design, maintenance and promotion of cultural activities This is accomplished by developing plans for the circulation of books and newspapers with other libraries, as well as plans for serving books and newspapers during training, mobilization, and outdoor activities of the Division They organize various forms of guidance to facilitate the discovery, promotion, and introduction of books and documents, contributing to the development of the soldiers’ reading culture 2.2.3.2 Organizing cultural and artistic activities, recreational activities, and entertainment - Organising popular artistic activities: The Political Bureau of the Division regularly monitors, directs, and assists the subjects in organizing cultural festivals according to the regulations in Circular 104 (Circular 138) of the Ministry of National Defense The Division's cultural activities in festivals and performances always achieve high awards in terms of political content, artistic quality, performance style, and attract a large number of officers and soldiers to participate - Organizing sports and physical activities: The Party Committee, Political Commissar, political officers, commanders, cultural institutions, and mass organizations of the Division and the H50, H80, H93, and D11 Regiments have performed well in their roles, functions, and tasks to ensure comprehensive planning, material facilities (100% of the Division's units have sports grounds), and organize physical training and sports competitions to meet the training and health improvement needs of the soldiers - Organizing professional performances, film screenings, cultural exchanges, and other cultural activities + Organizing professional performances and film screenings: The Political Bureau of the Division organizes soldiers to watch artistic 12 performances both within and outside the army according to regulations; The Division's Film Team actively plans reasonable film screenings, actively utilizes various types of films and CD, VCD music videos provided to units, meeting film screening standards of to sessions per month + People-military friendship and cultural exchanges: The Party Committee, Political Commissar, political officers, and commanders of the HAD are particularly concerned with leading, directing and organizing activities to strengthen the unity between the army and the people, actively participating in the campaign "All people unite to build cultural life in residential areas." Cultural exchange activities between units and local youth divisions are lively, warm, and strengthen the bond between the army and the people + Festivals, competitions, and movements: In the HAD, the team of officers, especially the team of political officers leading the units, has emphasized the role and sense of responsibility in thoroughly understanding and setting an exemplary model in adhering to regulations regarding management, participating in festivals organized by the local community, and commemorative events of significant historical importance for the country, the army, and the Division Furthermore, the Division's Political Bureau, the political agencies of the H50, H80, H93 battalions, D11 platoons, and cultural institutions at various levels within the HAD have performed well in their roles of designing and maintaining various cultural activities such as exemplary Youth Secretary contest, revolutionary song singing competition, seminars, comrades' birthdays, etc 2.2.3.3 Organizing activities to build the CL and ethics (repaying, reciprocating, and social volunteering) - Organizing activities to build the CL: The leadership, commanders of the Division and the H50, H80, H93 and D11 Regiments are very interested in and effectively implement the task of building the CL in the units through competitive movements such as "HAD’s officers and soldiers actively implement the cultural standards of Uncle Ho's Soldiers", "Speaking well, doing well", and building "Cultural units" and "Excellent Air Defense and Air Force Soldiers" The Party Committee, leadership, and command levels from the Division to the platoon level are resolute and thorough in eliminating superstition and social vices and preventing unhealthy cultural infiltration into the units - Organizing ethical activities (repaying, reciprocating, social volunteering): In recent years, the leadership and command at all levels and officers and soldiers of the Division have increased the work of mass mobilization, exchanges, and building relationships, becoming a bright spot in 13 the cultural field and a reliable support for the people in the region The cultural beauty of the HAD is demonstrated through practical movements and activities such as building solidarity houses, comrades' houses, helping people eradicate hunger and reduce poverty, participating in community education, road construction, etc 2.2.4 Roles of the subjects in review, asessment, competition and commendation 2.2.4.1 Review and assessment Annually, quarterly, monthly, under the guidance of the Deputy Political Commissar responsible for propaganda, the Division's Propaganda Committee and the Political Committee of the H50, H80, H93 Regiments establish inspection teams to evaluate the implementation of propaganda activities, including cultural activities, promptly providing the adjustment role through initial and summative reviews of the competition and commendation as well as the "Determine to win" movement 2.2.4.2 Competition and commendation In various competition periods, the Political Bureau of the Division often plans with specific targets and measures During the implementation process, the Deputy Political Commissar responsible for propaganda plays a guidance role, while the Propaganda Committee and the Political Committee of the units provides instructions for commendation At the end of each competition, the Division organizes preliminary assessments, summaries, commendations, and rewards for groups and individuals with achievements Many exemplary groups and individuals within the Division have been praised during the summarization of the "Determine to win" movement, and other movements of the army and the HAD 2.3 General assessment 2.3.1 Achievements and Reasons 2.3.1.1 Achieved Results - The Party Committee and Command, the Political Department of the HAD and the political bodies of their units led and directed activities related to building cultural environment linked to thoroughly implementing the viewpoints and guidelines on culture defined in the Party's resolutions, Central Military Commission's directions, and the HAD's Party Committee’s resolutions - Implementing the guidance role, the party committees at various levels in the Division and commanding officers designed implementation plans and effectively organized propaganda efforts, thereby promoting high levels of responsibility and active participation in various cultural activities for each soldier and individual 14 - The HAD carried out the building of CL with appropriate and solid strategies, focusing on bases, remote and difficult areas, closely linking it with nationwide campaigns, particularly the "Building a good, healthy cultural environment" campaign in military units initiated by the Political General Deparment (PGD) - The Party Committee, Command of the Division, and party committees at various levels regularly led and directed strict implementation of Circular 104 (Circular 138) by the Ministry of National Defense on ensuring the spiritual standards of the VPA Political bodies at all levels played a good role in proposing plans for cultural activities and ensuring spiritual standards within units, as well as closely implementing them - The Party Committee, leadership, and command at all levels of the Division and its units proactively mobilized resources to consolidate cultural institutions, purchase equipment to support the construction of the soldiers’ CL - Yearly and in each phase, the Political Bureau of the Division directed and guided the organization of preliminary and summary activities, including cultural and artistic activities, from higher headquarters to base units 2.3.1.2 Reasons for Success - Party units and cells focused on leading the construction of CL Base units, units' associations, and cell associations developed action programs and effectively promoted the role of youth in building the CL Leadership at all levels and unit commanders regularly planned specific activities and maintained habitual cultural activities - Various agencies, departments, and units within the Division consistently thoroughly interpreted specific instructions and guidelines about the purpose and requirements of building cultural environment in general and cultural life in particular - The Division effectively harnessed the comprehensive strength and roles of organizations in building the CL - The Party Committee and commanding officers at all levels within the Division regularly cared for and guided the rigorous implementation of regulations concerning spiritual and material life, and Circular 138 as specified by the Ministry of National Defense - CL were also regularly organized and implemented with better quality than before, closely aligned with actual demands of the society, the army, the Air Defense and Air Forrce Command, the HAD and units - Yearly, the Party Committee and Command of the Division directed the organization of preliminary and summary activities regarding building the 15 cultural frontline, cultural and artistic activities, and timely commended groups and individuals who performed well in these activities - The educational level of the soldiers has been improving, resulting in increased demands for cultural consumption and participation 2.3.2 Limitations and Causes 2.3.2.1 Limitations - Some individuals, units, and organizations were not always proactive in playing coordinating roles and participating in cultural activities - In some cases, cultural activities were superficial and lacked effort and creativity in producing appealing cultural products and art programs for the military - The shortage of art and cultural personnel, especially core staff while some lack fundamental training The majority of cultural officers were tasked with multiple responsibilities, which made it difficult to effectively organize and sustain cultural activities - Infrastructure, equipment, and funding remained challenging Cultural institutions and activities in base units often fell short of soldiers’ requirements, especially in remote areas - The content and methods of cultural activities occasionally failed to meet the spiritual and cultural needs of personnel 2.3.2.2 Causes of Limitations - Some units' leadership occasionally did not thoroughly emphasize and communicate the significance of building the CL - Some units did not fully utilize the potential of the cultural establishment system The content and format of cultural activities sometimes lacked relevance to the unit's situation and the psychological characteristics and cultural consumption needs of the youth - Some units passively relied on higher-level offices for the selfassurance of material and supplies - There was a shortage of political officers compared to the required headcounts, some newly graduated ones lacked practical experience, particularly in activities related to building the CL Sub-conclusion The thesis has approached the evaluation of the current situation of building the CL in the HAD, focusing on various aspects of building the CL in the army This includes analyzing and clarifying the roles of orientation, design, maintenance and promotion, adjustment, coordination, and implementation by leadership, guidance, management, coordination, and execution subjects in the activities of building the CL in the HAD The organizational methods have been organized through unified and tightly 16 coordinated planning from higher headquarters to base units, involving the combination and utilization of proactive and creative efforts of teams and individuals in CL building activities In recent years, through the roles played by these subjects, the activities of building the CL in the Division have yielded significant and positive outcomes across all aspects of work: (1) The development of programmess and plans consistently aligned with the higher command's directions and adapted to the specific circumstances of the unit; (2) The mobilization, utilization, and management of resources for cultural activities were wellorganized, essentially overcoming challenges related to human resources, finances, and facilities; (3) Especially, the enrichment of the soldiers' spiritual lives through the organization of diverse cultural activities; (4) Serious efforts were dedicated to inspection, assessment, and incentivizing, with a strong emphasis on rewards and recognition However, some limitations persist in the process of building the CL in the HAD, such as: (1) The roles of various entities need to be more closely coordinated to avoid being overwhelmed by numerous unexpected tasks; (2) Challenges with funding, facilities, and equipment remain, particularly for units located far from the central command; (3) The timely updating of trends, works, and contemporary cultural and artistic programs sometimes falls short of meeting the needs of personnel; (4) Notably, the shortage of personnel for cultural activities (especially well-trained young officers and staff) of the HAD, impacts the quality of cultural activities Through analyzing the current situation, identifying the achieved positive outcomes as well as the existing limitations, the thesis clearly presents some reasons drawn from the successes and constraints in building the CL within the HAD These reasons form an important foundation for proposing solutions to enhance the quality of building the CL in the HAD Chapter INFLUENCING FACTORS AND SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF BUILDING THE CULTURAL LIFE AT THE HANOI AIR DEFENSE DIVISION IN THE CURRENT PERIOD 3.1 Factors influencing the building of the CL at the HAD 3.1.1 Development of Scientific Technology and mass media The country's scientific and technological advancement has influenced the modernization of technical equipment for cultural activities within the army and the HAD The soldiers have now more advantages in accessing, 17 enjoying and creating culture, however this also requires proper direction and adherence to image and news regulations set by the Ministry of Defense 3.1.2 Socio-economic situation of the country and localities where the Division is stationed 3.1.2.1 National socio-economic situation The socio-economic development and the great achievements of the national industrialization and modernization have positively impacted various aspects of social life The spiritual cultural life of soldiers have become more abundant and diverse However, negative impacts of the market economy's downside persist across social domains Domestic and foreign hostile forces continue the “peaceful evolution”, “Self-evolution and self-transformation”, “depoliticization of the military”, etc 3.1.2.2 Socio-economic situation in localities Northern mountaineous provinces and Hanoi where the HAD units are stationed are in generally stable and developed socio-economic development status, while some other mountaineous areas have more difficulties This does impact the CL building in those units of the Division 3.1.3 Party and Army 's Perspective on Direction and Roles of subjects in building the CL - The Party's perspective is manifested in cultural orientations outlined in documents and resolutions such as Resolution No 23 of the Politburo on "Continuing to build and develop literature and arts in the New Period" and most recently, the resolutions of the 12th and 13th National Congresses Especially, the Resolution of the 9th Congress of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam on “Building and developing culture, Vietnamese People to meet the requirements of sustainable national development” Notably, the instructions of the General Secretary at the National Cultural Conference in 2021 and Prime Minister's Decision No 1909/QD-TTg on the Cultural development strategy until 2030 are significant - In 1992, the General Political Department issued Circular 143 on launching the "Campaign for constructing a good, healthy, and enriched cultural environment within military units"; Circular 355-CT/QUTW dated April 20, 2017, of the Standing Committee of the Central Military Party Committee on "Enhancing leadership and guidance on cultural, literary, and artistic activities in the current period of the army"; Circular 138/2020/TT-BQP of the Minister of National Defense on ensuring the regime, standards, and criteria for spiritual life for the soldiers; Decision 3087/QD-BQP dated August 18, 2022, of the Ministry of National Defense on approving the plan for implementing the cultural development strategy in the Army until 2030, etc 18 3.1.4 Requirement to build a "revolutionary, regular, skilled and modern" army - The objective requirement of the new era for building and safeguarding the country is to maintain political stability Particularly, it's necessary to construct a "revolutionary, formal, skilled and modern" army, with certain forces, arms branches, and units progressing toward modernity; to establish a solid foundation to strive for the year 2030, building a modern army including an air defense force capable of protecting the Socialist Republic of Vietnam as soon as possible - The values of "revolutionary, formal, skilled, modern" also represent cultural values aimed at imbuing the cultural life of the army, nurturing the personality of Uncle Ho's soldiers to meet the demands of the new period's tasks - The adjustments to organizational structure towards being "lean, efficient, strong" the arrangement of forces, the transition of generations, etc Impacting the soldiers’ thoughts, sentiments, requiring meticulous research in constructing cultural life in the army and the HAD 3.1.5 Cultural needs of HAD’s officers and soldiers - The demand for cultural and artistic appreciation, especially in the realm of music, among the soliders in the HAD has significantly increased compared to before - The level of aesthetic taste and knowledge among the soldiers has continuously developed over the past years, keeping pace with the development trends of the era 3.2 Some solutions to enhance the quality of building the CL at the HAD 3.2.1 Enhancing the awareness and leveraging the roles of subjects in building cultural life 3.2.1.1 Enhancing the awareness of the position and role of building cultural First, continuing to raise awareness among leadership levels, command of the Division regarding the position and role of culture and art in our Party's revolutionary path Second, extensively educating about the goals and main contents of building the CL and harnessing the soft power of culture Third, educating about the beautiful cultural traditions of the Vietnamese people, the VPA, the heroic HAD and their own units 3.2.1.2 Leveraging the roles of subjects in building cultural life Firstly, there is a need to continue strengthening the leadership and guidance of the Party Committee and command of the Division, specifically at all levels, 19 including Party Committee, leadership, and command of base units within the Division Secondly, the political authorities and cultural institutions of the Division should improve their functions of providing counsel, proposing strategies, measures, and specific implementations of the content and programs set forth by the leadership and command regarding the plans and content of building the CL within the unit Thirdly, the Party organization and local authorities must consistently grasp the higher-level resolutions, the leadership direction of the Party, the guidance of the Ministry of National Defense and the Central Military Party Committee on cultural and artistic work They should accurately analyze the current situation of cultural life within the unit to formulate plans and leadership resolutions for building cultural life Additionally, they should effectively direct the implementation of organizing tasks set out by the resolutions Each Party member must genuinely play a pioneering role and be a role model in building their cultural life Fourthly, the Administrative, Political, Logistics, and Technical departments need to harmoniously and closely coordinate the organistion of cutural activities Fifthly, there should be close coordination and the utilization of the roles of the Military Council and mass organizations in building the CL Sixthly, concerning the forces of officers and soldiers responsible for building cultural life, there is a need to establish proper motivations, attitudes, roles, and responsibilities for them in participating in building cultural life Each officer and soldier should enhance their professional competence, elevate aesthetic capabilities, ideals, good sentiments, and knowledge about cultural and artistic matters 3.2.2 Training and Development of Cultural and Artistic Activities Personnel 3.2.2.1 Taking Care of Training and Elevating Professional Competence (Long-term, Short-term, Training Sessions) for Personnel Engaged in Cultural and Artistic Activities To implement Decision 3672/QD-BQP of the Ministry of Defense and Guidance 285/HD-CT of the General Political Department, the Division should thoroughly review the personnel engaged in cultural and artistic work, establish plans for training, retraining, training sessions, and improving professional competence for this workforce 3.2.2.2 Releasing policies to encourage the development of personnel engaged in cultural and artistic activities The HAD should create policies to attract and supplement highly qualified young personnel in cultural and artistic activities, as well as implementing policies 20 to train and elevate the competence of cultural and artistic personnel with reasonable material incentives and motivational measures 3.2.3 Strengthening funding, consolidating, and upgrading facilities, equipment for cultural institutions and activities The Division should conduct a comprehensive review of its cultural institution system, ensuring uniform equipment and consistency from basic construction, increasing investment, and ensuring facilities, budget for cultural and spiritual life construction activities in accordance with Decision 3672/QDBQP of the Ministry of Defense and Directive 138/2020/TT-BQP of the Ministry of Defense stipulating the regulations on standards, quotas, criteria for cultural and spiritual life within the People's Army of Vietnam In addition, it’s necessary to increase budgets for CL building activities with the principle of leveraging internal resources from increased production revenue of the units Furthermore, they should intensify efforts to mobilize external resources through cultural exchange and sightseeing activities, etc On the other hand, policies for socializing cultural activities of the HAD should also be established 3.2.4 Innovating content and methods of cultural activities toward richness, diversity, and modernity 3.2.4.1 Innovating content - Cultural and artistic activities need to have richer and more diverse content, while also expanding and intensifying the development of additional cultural forms - The content of these cultural activities must be tailored to the needs of officers and soldiers within the current context of the Division 3.2.4.2 Innovating methods - There is a need to invest in selected points and draw experiences to expand this approach throughout the entire Division, utilizing truly beneficial and appealing club formats that engage the participation of the soldiers effectively - These cultural activities are a voluntary pursuit of each individual, stemming from intrinsic needs, but they should have guidance and organization within movements All creativity of the soldiers should be respected, encouraged, and utilized - Renew education and reading activities through organisation of contests, application of technology, etc - The cultural activities of the Division should also develop towards socialization Sub-conclusion Presently, elevating the quality of cultural and spiritual life construction within the HAD is an essential and objective requirement that contributes to 21 building a comprehensive, strong, and exemplary Division that is "revolutionary, formal, skilled, modern" In Chapter 3, this thesis has identified and analyzed the factors affecting subjects in building the CL within the HAD, including: (1) The development of science, technology, and mass media; (2) The economic and social situation of the country and the localities where the HAD is stationed; (3) The perspectives of the Party and our army regarding the direction and role of subjects in building cultural life; (4) The requirement for building a "revolutionary, formal, skilled, modern" army; (5) The increasing cultural needs of officers and soldiers within the HAD These objective and subjective factors pose new requirements for building the CL at the HAD currently Therefore, based on the theoretical role as the framework; relying on the content of building the CL mentioned in the evaluation of the current situation, and clarifying the influencing factors, this thesis proposes four solutions for enhancing the quality of building the CL in the HAD in the upcoming period: (1) Enhancing awareness and leveraging the role of stakeholders in building the CL construction; (2) Training and developing the team of officers, personnel, and the core group engaged in cultural and artistic activities; (3) Strengthening funding, consolidating and upgrading physical facilities, equipment for cultural institutions and activities; (4) Innovating content and methods of cultural activities toward richness, diversity, and modernity CONCLUSION Humanity has entered the 21st century with many great achievements in science, technology, and engineering As human development progresses, the importance of cultural life becomes increasingly clear in shaping individuals and society A well-developed and healthy CL nurtures the human soul, leading to harmonious and comprehensive personal growth Since the 5th National Congress of the Party (1982), building the CL at the grassroots level has become a vigorous widespread movement across residential areas, production, work, and education units Building the CL within the army has been effectively implemented, enhancing the spiritual life of officers and soldiers, especially since the "Building a good, healthy, and rich cultural environment in the army" movement associated with the "All People Unite to Build Cultural Life" movement in 1992 and the implementation of Resolution No 33-NQ/TW on June 9, 2014, at the 9th National Party Congress (11th term) about building and developing culture and humans, meeting the requirements of sustainable development The issue of building the CL has been extensively discussed in various works and scientific conferences However, no work has examined the building of CL within the HAD from the perspective of cultural management 22 and the application of the role theory to study the roles of the entities involved in CL Therefore, the topic contributes to clarifying theoretical and practical issues related to building the CL here From a scientific perspective, the thesis has studied and synthesized information on the theoretical aspects of building the CL in general and CL in the army; and evaluated the overall history of research on the issue With the desire to continue inheriting and developing previous studies and exploring new aspects, based on the Party's, State's, and Military's viewpoints and directions, the thesis has identified the specific nature of cultural life in the army, linked to the military's operational environment, which has unique characteristics The thesis has pointed out that building the CL in the army differs from building the CL in non-military localities and units Military base units, from division level and equivalent, have cultural instituations such as cultural houses, libraries, tradition rooms, reading rooms, newspapers, Ho Chi Minh rooms, etc The activities of these cultural facilities are closely intertwined with the lives of officers and soldiers Building the CL in the VPA from planning to implementation and supervision, is carried out systematically, consistently, and disciplined according to the guidelines of the cultural work of the Central Party Committee, the Ministry of Defense, the General Political Department, and the guidance of functional agencies in the army Building the CL has contributed to nurturing the good qualities and values of "Uncle Ho's Soldiers" in the new era, meeting the demands for cultural enjoyment, and countering negative phenomena At the same time, the thesis's innovation lies in applying the role theory to determine: The guiding role, the design role, the maintenance and enhancement role, the adjustment role, the coordination role and the implementation role of the four groups of subjects: leadership and directive subjects, management subjects, coordination subjects, and implementation subjects in the process of building the CL in the army and at the HAD, including activities: (1) Building programmes, plans; (2) Mobilizing, using and managing resources; (3) Practicing cultural activities; (4) Reviewing, evaluating, competing and commending Currently, there is no unified model or criteria for evaluating the quality of building the CL in military base units Based on the study of the four characteristics of building the CL in the army, the thesis proposes five criteria for evaluating the quality of building the CL in military base units as mentioned above After 58 years of existence, construction, and development, the HAD with its glorious traditions has consistently and successfully fulfilled its all missions The important role of building the CL cannot be denied, as it has contributed significantly to the achievements of the Division in various fields of work and in building outstanding "Air Defense - Air Force elite soldiers” 23 These are important premises, a scientific basis for surveying, assessing the current situation, and proposing solutions to enhance the quality of building the CL in the HAD in the coming period In practical terms, the roles of the subjects have been well demonstrated in building the CL in the HAD, from planning to mobilizing, utilizing, managing resources, organizing cultural activities, and conducting inspections, monitoring, competition and commendation These activities closely adhere to and meet the objectives and planned tasks To accurately evaluate the results of roles and functions, as well as the implementation of state management and the actions of officers and soldiers in building the CL, combining harmoniously the research methods, the thesis has analyzed and evaluated fundamental issues: (1) The subjects and methods of building the CL at the HAD; (2) Building the CL at the HAD with the role of the subjects From there, assessing the achievements, limitations, and reasons in building the CL here The process of surveying and researching the reality of building the CL in the HAD shows that its units are always in a state of training, ready for combat, with intense training, labor, study, and strenuous production, while rest time is limited This sometimes affects the organization of building the CL With the efforts to overcome all difficulties, and to leverage the active, creative, self-reliant, and self-confident roles of the subjects, building the CL at the HAD has achieved many good results in various aspects of work: (1) Leadership, direction, planning orientation, and serious goal achievement; (2) Effective mobilization, utilization, and management of resources; (3) Organizing diverse and abundant cultural activities; (4) Conducting inspections, evaluations, competitions, and commendations closely and seriously, motivating the participation of collectives and individuals in building the CL The HAD has made positive contributions in response to the movement of building cultural and spiritual life and in building Vietnam's culture in an advanced and deeply nationalistic direction However, along with the positive aspects, the process of building the CL in the HAD also reveals limitations that need to be recognized, analyzed, and evaluated seriously, and these shortcomings can identify the reasons for the implementation's organization From the current situation and based on the recognition and analysis of the factors affecting the roles of the subjects in building the CL in the HAD, it is evident that our Party, State, and Army pay great attention to the cultural and spiritual sector, seeing it as the ideological foundation and motivation for the country's development and the Army’s development, with various directions for building the CL Moreover, the impact of other factors such as the development of science, technology, and mass media; the socio- 24 economic situation of the country and the localities where the Division is stationed; the requirement to build a "revolutionary, formal, elite, and modern" military; and the cultural needs of the Division’s officers and soldiers have been consistently raising the need for innovation and the improvement of CL building quality in the HAD in the future to meet the requirements of implementing the organizational structure according to the Cultural Design System within the VPA's planning, the periof of 2021-2025, and the orientation toward 2030; and the implementation of Decision No 2223/QD-CT on issuing regulations on the activities of cultural institutions within the VPA Therefore, the thesis proposes four solutions to overcome limitations and improve the quality of building the CL in the HAD, including: (1) Enhancing awareness and leveraging the roles of the subjects in building the CL; (2) Training and nurturing a team of cultural and artistic personnel; (3) Enhancing funding, consolidating and upgrading physical facilities and equipment for cultural institutions and activities; (4) Innovating the content and methods of cultural activities in a diverse and modern direction These four solutions are comprehensive and suitable for the Division’s capabilities and practical situation Through these solutions, they contribute to enhancing the spiritual life of the soldiers and preserving and promoting the precious value of "Uncle Ho's Soldiers" in the new era The grassroots units of the HAD are increasingly advancing toward a "revolutionary, formal, elite, modern" direction, becoming cultural beacons in the areas where the units are stationed, steadfastly guarding the sky and ensuring the peace of our Homeland and our people./ LIST OF THE AUTHOR'S PUBLISHED RESEARCH WORKS RELATED TO DISSERTATION THEME Luu Thi Phuong Thao (2019), “Aesthetic education in building the army’s cultural life”, Arts Education Magazine, (30), tr 85 – 89 Luu Thi Phuong Thao (2019), “Features of cultural life in the army grassroots units ”, Culture and Arts Magazine, (426), tr 94- 96 Luu Thi Phuong Thao (2021), “Factors affecting the construction of cultural life in the current Hanoi Air Defense Division”, Culture and Arts Magazine, (467), tr 108- 111