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DE TAI N GHIEN CN KHOA HOC CHU NHIEM DE TAI Cir nh in Nguyén Anh Vfi THUKY DE TAt Cir nh in Mai Xu in Nam CXC THANH VIEN THAM GIA 1 Cir nhan Vii Quoc Tuan Chuyén vien Ban Thu BHXH 2 Cir nh in Tr in Vi[.]
DE TAI N GHIEN CN KHOA HOC CHU NHIEM DE TAI THUKY DE TAt : Cir nh:in Nguyén Anh Vfi : Cir nh:in Mai Xu:in Nam CXC THANH VIEN THAM GIA Cir nhan Vii Quoc Tuan - Chuyén vien Ban Thu BHXH Cir nh:in Tr:in Vi6 t Himg - Chuyen vien Ban Thu BHXH Cit nhan Le Chi Thanh - Chiiyen vién Ban Thu BHXH DANH MUC KY HIEU VIET TAT Bao hiém xE ho3 i B,HXH ‘ Bao hiem BHYT y te Kh:inn chiia bénh KCB Xa hfii chu nghia XHCH Uy ban nhan dan UBND Gia trJ tfin• san pham tron • nuoc GDP Chuons trinh bao hiem y te quoc gia CAM Kho bac KB Ngfin han _• NH 11 To chiic lao dong quoc té .ILO MUC LUC Chuon g I: Co sit khoa hoc dé nghién emu viéc tham gia, Thu bao hiém x:i hi)i t tf nguyén • I Mfi t so nhan thtic ve BHXH tu n _•uyen Mot so nhan thilc BHXH tu nguyen Tinh tat yeu kh:ich quan vi(c hinh cac ché dfi BHXH tu nguy(n .10 Pham vi doi tuon =_ ap dun u ché dfi BHXH tu nguyen 13 Doi tuon• tham •_ ia BHXH In nguyén: 13 3.2 Doi tuon _= tham gia BHYT tv nguyén 14 II Co sci ph:ip ly de nghien ciiu to chiic thuc hien thu BHXH tu n zuyen 14 Co sci ph:ip ly tain tien d6 cho viec nghien ciiu Thu BHXH tu nguven 14 Quy trinh quan ly doi tuon•_ tham uia BHXH bat bufic tron= nhfmg nam vira qua .16 III Y nghia, vai trc› ciia BHXH tv n euyen tron z nen kinh té thi trirf mu 19 Thé hien ban chat uu view ciia Nha nuoc XHCfi‘ 19 Dam bao m iic dich an sinh xa hfi i 20 Dam bao Tang kich thich phat trien nen kinh té 22 Chucmg II: Nh ff n g nh:i n t ti :inh huiing den viec to ch iic th irc hien BHXH I Thuc trang tham gia BHXH tu nguyen qua viec thuc hi(n thi diem o Vi(t Nam 24 BHXH, BHYT tu nguy(n ci Viet Nam 24 1.1 Mo hinh thi diem ve BHXH In nguyen é mot so dia phuon a 24 1.2 BHXH nong d ci Nghe An 24 1.3 Quy huu nong dan Ha T"ay 28 1.4 BHYT hoc sinh o Thiia Thien Hué .29 1.5 BHYT nong dan tai Hai Phong 3I Nhfmg b¾ hoc kinh nuhiérn Qua qud trinh tfi chuc thvc hien thi diem 32 | i› i viii BHXH tu n u uyc:n 32 2.2 Doi véri BHYT tu nguyc:n 35 Kinh nghi(m BHXH va BHYT tu nguyen tren the giéii: .36 II Nhfmg nhan to anh huéng den to chiic, qu:in ly va thuc hien thu BHXH jj neuy(n 42 Van de‘ phat trien kinh té xa hfii ciia Nha nude 42 Dac di6 m ve doi tuong tham •_ ia BHXH to nguyen 43 Chuong III: X:iy dung mo hinh tit chiic, quan lj va thiic hi(n thu BHXH tu nguy(n ii Vi( I Xay dung mo hinh tfi chiic quiin ly 49 II Nhiirig• nguyén tac cc ban de xay dimg phuong thilc to chilc, quan lj, thuc hi(n thu BHXH tv n=uy(n .50 D:inn bao kha nan _• can dfii ngufin thu chi guy BHXH .50 Gram thieu sv ho tro cua Nha nuoc tién tot tu can doi .51 Thuan lot, phii hpp cho doi tiiong tham gia BHXH, BHYT tu nguyen .52 III Xay dung cfc quy dinh ve to chilc quan ly thu BHXH tu n _• uyc: n 53 Phuong phap xay dung• muc dfin• BHXH, BHYT tu n u uyen 53 1.1 Phuong ph:ip my dun• muc dfin•_ BHXH tu n _•uyen: .53 1.2 Can c'i s o m ?'c dong, milc hu6nc BHXH bat bufic 55 I X:ic dinh mfrc dong, miic huéng thong qua viec tinh toan kh:i n:in _• tang truéng va can dfii guy BHXH 57 Phuong thiic to chftc quén ly .59 Quy dinh ve thu tuc va diéu kien 60 2.2 Quy trinh to chiic, qu:in 1y .6 M0t so quy di|nh cu thé .66 Mfit so quy dinh ve thu BHXH tu nguyén .66 3.2 Mfit so quy dinh ve BHYT tu nguyen 68 IV Nhfmg giai phdp de vi c to chirc, thuc hien thu BHXH tu nguyen co hieu qua 70 Ké Ph:i Tai leu tham khao 91 Véi chin truong doi mcii cua Dang va Nha nucic ve chfnh s:ich BHXH, tu nam 1995 dén hoat dfin• BHXH da co chuyen bien ro r(t ma cc ban la viec cai ciich cc che quan ly va md rong quyen loi tham _•ia BHXH cho n _•uDi lao dong moi phan kinh Ie Trong nhiing nam viia qua, cfin _• t:ic BHXH khfing nhiing da gop phan dam bao an sinh x5 hfii ma cang d:ip ring= nhu cau va nguyen vong ciia dong dao nguoi lao dfin _• Ve doi tuon•g tham gia BHXH da cang duoc mci ron u Nett nhv truéc day BHXH chi _=ii5i phan nao so doi tuong la cfin• chuc, vién chilc Nha nucic va n•iroi tain cfin • an luong tron u cac doanh nshiep Nha niréc, thi doi tUong tham _•ia BHXH da duoc mo rong c:ic phan kinh té kh:ic nhu lao dfin•_ lam vi c co th©i han cr nucic ngoai, lao dfin =_ lam viec tron z khu vuc n•_oai quoc doanh, khu xtc ngoai cfing lap Tinh den their diem cuoi nd 2003 so doi tuong tham _•ia BHXH thufic di(n tham _•ia BHXH b:it bufic tron •_ ca nuoc da dat 5,3 triéu nguoi tham gia BHXH Dat duoc kit qua nhu tren dfi la ca mot qué trinh dfii moi cfin p• t:ic quan ly, dac biet la su dieu chinh ve ché dfi chinh sach BHXH cua Déng va Nha nvoc Tuy nhien, néu xét trén phuong di(n t0n e the thi so dfii tupng tham gia BHXH neii tren m‹5i dam bao duoc mot ph:in ve nhu cau tham gia BHXH o nircic ta hic:n Cu the ngoai 10 triéu n zuoi lao done lam cong " luon va nhfmg n cucri thu huéng tien luong, tién cfing va tro c:ip xa hoi tu nguon ng sach Nha nuoc, khoang 30 trieu nguoi lao dcing co khoan thu nh p hang thang tu 200.000 din 400.000 dong/th:ing (chiem khoéng 75ko lUc luong lao dong hien tren toan quoc) chua dvoc tham •_ia BHXH ma chit yéu lém viéc ci khii vuc nong thou, khu vuc phi ket can nhu viec khong co hpp dong lao dong hoac hpp dong lao dc›nq• co thoi han ducri thang va turig loai hinh doanh nghiep de dam bao cho lao duoc hu c:ic ché BHXH thich hop” Xufit phat tir nhu cau ihuc te, trong• their gian qua mac du Nha nvoc chua ban hanh chi dao thon•_ nhat viéc thuc hi(n che dfi BHXH tu n•_ uyen doi vcii n vufii lao dong thufic khu nong thfi n , lao dong tain n fin= nghiep va c:ic phan kinh Ie khac chua thuoc doi tuonp• tham gia BHXH bat bufic, chinh quyen mot so dia phuong dfi xay dimg thi diem mob so ins hinh BHXH, BHYT tu nguyen va da dat duoc nh tirig ket quit rat d:ing khich le nhu: mo hinh BHXH, BHYT tu nguyen thi diem Lai N u he An, Ha Tay, Hai Phone Ma' c du viec thi diem mo hinh BHXH, BHYT iv n _•uyen mcii chi :ip dung tron _• pham vi hep nhun _• qua dfi cling phan nao danh •.ia duoc nhu cau ve doi tuong tham gia BHXH tu n auyen va buoc dau da tao cho n = uoi lao dong nhan th iic duoc phan nao quyen lvi va tr:ich nhiein tham dia BHXH tu n•uyc: n, gop phan tich cvc tron _• viec on dinh chinh tri xa hoi va phat trien kinh té cua c:i nucic Nhu v:iy, véii vi(c trien khai BHXH, BHYT tu nguyen ci Viet Nam da la mot van de mang tinh buc xiic, dfi hoan toan phii hpp voi chit truong, chinh s:ich duong Hi cua Dang va Nha nuoc, dap ting nhu can va np•uyen vong cua dong d:to ngucii lao dong, phu hpp vfii duong loi ph:i t trien kinh Ie xa hoi cua dat nucic Trong thoi gian viia qua da co nhic:u de tai, chuyen dé, hfii ngh), b¼ viet bén ve v de BHXH In nguyen Nhimg di sdu nghién ciiu vé linh vuc thu BHXH In np•uyen thi m6i dune de c:ip rat it Chf nh vi v y vi(c nghién ciiu dé Hi ”C4 sfi khoa hoc qucin Ij va to chiic thu BHXH tir tiguy n” la dieu ct thiét II MUC DICH NGHIEN CNU: Tren c0 sci chu truong, chinh sach cua Dang va Nha nuoc: Nhimg kinh n=hiem riit tronu qua trinh to chtic thuc hien thi diem BHXH t tr nuuyén tit dfi x:iy dimg phuong :in to chirc, quan thuc hi(n thu BHXH tu n Rtiyen cho 1v( phii hpp ID DIII TUONG IV “ I DDUUNNGG NGHIEN Ngoai phan mo dau va ph ket luan de tai dUDc nshien cttu chuong, cu the nhu sau: Chuong I: Co sci khoa hoc de nghién erm viéc tham gia, thu bao hiém x:1 hoi tu nguyén I 1\4ot so nhan thiic ve BHXH tu nguyen Mot so nhci n tli itc BHXH lv n qii xé n T inli tci t ›éu kliacli quan ii‘ong vié c li inh tlié nli céc cli é BHXH tit nguyén Pham vi clo i titong ap dij nz= clié BHXH tit ngin in II Co sci phap 1y dé nghien ciiu to chiic thuc hien thu BHXH tu nguyen Co st phci p Iy term tién dé cho viéc nghié n cun thu BHXH tit nguvén Quy trinh qucin Iy doi tuong tham gia BHXH bat buoc Iron g nhiing n‹im vita qua III Y nghia, vai tro cua BHXH tu nguyen nén kinh te thi truéng Thé’ hién bcin chcit iru viét ciia Nhci nuoc XHCN Dcim bcio nine dich an sinh x‹:i hoi T‹ing cuénz= noi Inc, kich thich phat ti‘ié’n nén kinh té Chuong II: Nh ff ng• nh:i n to anh huimg dén vi(c tfi ch iic thuc hién BHXH tit nguyén I Thuc trans tham gia BHXH tu nguyen qua viec thuc hien thi diem ci Viet Nam BHXH, BHYT tit n3uvé n é V iét Ncini _³ Nli?nig heir line built ngliiéni cjila cjiici tl‘inli to’c lure’ tliirc liién’tli i clié’n i Kinh ngliiéni BHXH ver BHYT tir ngu xén ti‘én tli é gi ii.‘ II Nhting nhan to anh huérn g den to chuc, qu:in ly va thuc hien thu BHXH tu n•uyen Chuong III: X:iy dimg mo hinh tit chiic, quan l/v va lh irc hien thu BHXH tit nguyén ‹i Vi(t Nam I Xay dung hinh chuc quan ly II Nhfmg nguyen tac cc ban de x y dune phuon _• thuc to chuc, quan ly, thuc hi(n thu BHXH tu nguyen Dam bcio 1:lia ncni g c‹in clot ii,• tifi n thu clii quv BHXH Gicim lhiéu sit h o ti o era Nhci nii tc tién téi tu ccin Joi Thucin lot, phii hpp cho clot iuong tham gia BHXH, BHYT tit nguvén III Xd y dung cite quy dinh ve ter ch iic quan ly thu BHXH tu nguyen I Phvonq phap xi y ditng mtic dong BHXH, BHYT tit nguyén Phvon g thiic to ehitc qucin I) Mot so quy d[ nh cu thé’ IV Nhfmg gi:ii phap de viec to chiic, thirc hien thu BHXH tu neuyen co hieu qua Két In:in va kién nghi CO SCI KHOA HOC DE NGHIE“ NN CUU THAiVI GIA, VIEC THU BA O HIEM XA HOI TU NGUYEN lVliit ski nhan thiic BHXH tu nguyén — Theo c:ich hieu don gian ve BHXH tu nguyen thi doi tuong thufic dren tham gia BHXH tu nguyen phai la nhiing• ngit0i lao dfin _• nam dfi tufii lao dfing=, nhurig khfing thu fic nhiing d i tuong tham _•ia BHXH bat bufic theo quy dinh ciia Nha nuoc, co n •uven von• dvoc tham gia BHXH Nhu vav viéc tham uia BHXH c iia n u ucri lao don• hoan toan man• tinh iv nguyen, n u uDi lao dong co quyen lua chon thoi diem tham gia va muc tham gia BHXH cho phii hop voi diéu kien va kha nans thu nhap ciia ho - Ve BHYT tu n u uy(n ciing theo nhu c:ich phan tich ci tren thi doi tuon u tham zia BHYT tu nsuyen cling phat la nhiing doi tvon• khfin a thufic dren tham =ia BHYT bat bufic theo quy dinh nhung pham vi doi tuong tham gia BHYT sé rfins hon vi da la cfing dan Viet Nam, ke ca n = uéii chua nam dfi tufii lao dong hoac ngufii da hét dfi tufii lao dong thi deu co quyen tham sia de huéng c:ic ché dfi KCB Ngoai neu xét trén phuon s: dien chinh tri thi muc tiéu dat cua Dang va Chinh phii la nganh BHXH phai d bao thuc hi(n BHYT Hi moi nguéi dan ”BHYT toan d:in” - Chinh s:ich BHXH, BHYT vua the hién ban chat chinh tri, tinh uu vi(t ciia Nha nucic XHCN Chien luoc ph:it trien kinh te toan dren cua mot ddt nucic thi chinh s:ich xa hfii lufin phai di véii chien luoc ph:it trien kinh te: — Trong diéu kien nen kinh Ie dang o giai doan phat trién thi van de an sinh xa hfi i sé _•fip phan nhv la don bay thiic d:ly cho sv tang tru6ng ciia nen kinh té