Đáp án Writing 3 Eng 217 DTU 2023 Chapter 1 File đầy đủ. Adjective clause=Relative clause: relative pronoun (who, whom, which, that…) (+ S) +V+… Function of Relative pronouns: are used to describe the noun before (Chức năng của những đại từ quan hệ: những đại từ quan hệ được sử dụng để mô tả cho danh từ đứng ngay trước nó)NOUN + relative pronoun (who, whom, which, that…)Adjective clause: Mệnh đề tính từRelative clause: Mệnh đề quan hệRelative pronoun: Đại từ quan hệA relative pronoun can be the subject of its own clause.•Subject Relative Pronouns: who, which, thatAmerican football, which is the most popular sport In the United States, began at Harvard University.In this pattern, who, which, and that can be either singular or plural. Make the verb agree with the antecedent.I have not read the magazine that is lying on the coffee table.(The verb is lying is singular to agree with the singular antecedent magazine.)I have not read the magazines that are lying on the coffee table.{The verb are lying is plural to agree with the plural antecedent magazines.)•Adjective clauses are either restrictive (necessary) or nonrestrictive (unnecessary).Restrictive (necessary): no commas: danh từ chung ko có dấu phẩyThe professor who teaches my biology class won a Nobel Prize two years ago.Nonrestrictive (unnecessary): commas: danh từ riêng CÓ dấu phẩyProfessor Jones, who teaches my biology class, won a Nobel Prize two years ago.The following examples show you how to combine two sentences to make a new sentence containing a subject pattern adjective clauses.
LESSON 1: ADJECTIVE CLAUSES (MỆNH ĐỀ TÍNH TỪ) (WHO, THAT, WHICH- AS THE SUBJECT) I LANGUAGE FOCUS Subject Relative Pronoun: Đại từ quan hệ làm chủ ngữ who, which, +V that - Adjective clause=Relative clause: relative pronoun (who, whom, which, that…) (+ S) +V+… - Function of Relative pronouns: are used to describe the noun before (Chức đại từ quan hệ: đại từ quan hệ sử dụng để mô tả cho danh từ đứng trước nó) NOUN + relative pronoun (who, whom, which, that…) Adjective clause: Mệnh đề tính từ Relative clause: Mệnh đề quan hệ Relative pronoun: Đại từ quan hệ A relative pronoun can be the subject of its own clause Subject Relative Pronouns: who, which, that American football, which is the most popular sport In the United States, began at Harvard University In this pattern, who, which, and that can be either singular or plural Make the verb agree with the antecedent I have not read the magazine that is lying on the coffee table (The verb is lying is singular to agree with the singular antecedent magazine.) I have not read the magazines that are lying on the coffee table {The verb are lying is plural to agree with the plural antecedent magazines.) Adjective clauses are either restrictive (necessary) or nonrestrictive (unnecessary) Restrictive (necessary): no commas: danh từ chung ko có dấu phẩy The professor who teaches my biology class won a Nobel Prize two years ago Nonrestrictive (unnecessary): commas: danh từ riêng CÓ dấu phẩy Professor Jones, who teaches my biology class, won a Nobel Prize two years ago The following examples show you how to combine two sentences to make a new sentence containing a subject pattern adjective clauses For People Restrictive who, that People save time and energy They use microwave ovens People who use microwave ovens save time and energy People that use microwave ovens save time and energy Nonrestrictive Microwave cooking is not popular with most professional chefs Who Professional chefs say that fast cooking does not allow flavors to blend Microwave cooking is not popular with most professional chefs, who say that fast cooking does not allow flavors to blend For Animals and Things Restrictive Ovens are capable of cooking food quickly They use microwave That energy Ovens that use microwave energy are capable of cooking foods quickly Nonrestrictive An electron tube in the oven produces microwaves Microwaves cook Which by agitating the water molecules in food An electron tube in the oven produces microwaves, which cook by agitating the water molecules in food ***Reduce adjective clause/ Delete the subject relative pronoun: Giản lược mệnh đề tính từ/ Loại bỏ đại từ quan hệ làm chủ ngữ: Khi đại từ quan hệ (who, that, which) làm chủ ngữ chúng bỏ câu: - You may delete the relative pronoun and the be verb when: Subject relative pronouns are followed by a prepositional phrase.: mệnh đề tính từ có cụm giới từ -> bỏ đại từ quan hệ bỏ “be” - prepositional phrase: cụm giới từ: cụm từ bắt đầu giới từ Ex1: The man who is in the house is my father The man in the house is my father Ex2: The books that are on the desk are mine The books on the desk are mine The main verb in the relative clause is progressive tense.: động từ mệnh đề tính từ tiếp diễn bỏ đại từ quan hệ bỏ “be” Ex1: The man who is swimming in the lake is my father The man swimming in the lake is my father Ex2: The books that are lying on the floor are mine The books lying on the floor are mine The main verb in all tenses: mệnh đề quan hệ có động từ tất bỏ đại từ quan hệ động từ thêm “ing” Ex1: People who buy lottery tickets are often found at bingo People buying lottery tickets are often found at bingo Ex2: The bus which leaves at 6:03 was late today, so I caught the 6:08 one for downtown The bus leaving at 6:03 was late today, so I caught the 6:08 one for downtown Passive voice: mệnh đề tính từ dạng bị động (be +V3) bỏ đại từ quan hệ bỏ “be” Ex1: The vase that was broken last night was my birthday gift The vase broken last night was my birthday gift Ex2: The children who are brought up in the countryside are usually healthy The children brought up in the countryside are usually healthy II LANGUAGE PRACTICE 2.1 Combine the two sentences Add commas if necessary 1) She loves books (the books have happy endings) She loves books which/that have happy endings 2) They live in a city (the city is in the north of England) They live in a city which/that is in the north of England 3) The man is in the garden (the man is wearing a blue jumper) The man which/that is wearing a blue jumper is in the garden 4) Anyone must have a logical mind He or she wants to be a computer programmer Anyone who wants to be a computer programmer must have a logical mind 5) Foreigners also have difficulty with English spelling English spelling is not always consistent with its pronunciation Foreigners also have difficulty with English spelling which/that is not always consistent with its pronunciation 6) The fruit is on the table The fruit isn’t fresh The fruit is on the table which isn’t fresh 7) While he lectured, he showed us a slide The slide diagrammed the double helix structure of DNA While he lectured, he showed us a slide that/which diagrammed the double helix structure of DNA 2.2 Reduce the relative clauses The man who is standing there is a clown The man standing there is a clown Benzene, which was discovered by Faraday, became the starting point in the manufacture of many dyes, perfumes and explosives Benzene, discovered by Faraday, became the starting point in the manufacture of many dyes, perfumes and explosives My grandmother, who is old and sick, never goes out of the house My grandmother, being old and sick, never goes out of the house Joggers who will run in the marathon should get to the stadium early to warm up Joggers running in the marathon should get to the stadium early to warm up A person who does at least 30 minutes of exercise a day will feel better A person doing at least 30 minutes of exercise a day will feel better. 2.3 Identify Adjective clause in the following sentences Environmental science, which is compulsory for all students, is one of the most popular courses in the college …………………………………………………………………… The woman who lives next door is a doctor …………………………………………………………………… The envelop which lies on the table has no stamp on it …………………………………………………………………… The student don’t know how to exercise which were given by the teacher yesterday …………………………………………………………………… Words in English which begin with the consonants th are often difficult for foreigners to pronounce …………………………………………………………………… III PRACTICE IN TOEIC 3.1 Language building a-Give some words which may be used to describe pictures 1-3 Compare with your friends b-Complete the following about pictures 1-3 with the suitable words Picture 1 The man who is holding a suitcase is shaking hands with the receptionist The man who stands behind the counter is shaking hands with the customer Picture The women sitting at the table are trying to reach an agreement The women who are sitting at the table try to reach an agreement Picture There are buildings on the side of the river which have many people living in the city People are walking along the path which has many buildings on the side of the rive 3.2 Tactic Practice 3.2.1 Put the words in the correct order Picture 1 The/ searching/ guard/ is/ the/ apart/ his/ arms/ man/ who/ has The man who has arms apart is searching his by the guard The /raising/ man/ who/ arms/ is/ his/ is/ the guard/ searched/ by The man who is raising his arms is searched by the guard ………………………………………… …………………………………………… Picture Some/ listening to/ people/ a pen/ man/ are/ the/ holding/ who is Some people are listening to the man who is holding a pen. The/ the left/ a presentation/ man/ on/ is/ making The man who is on the left is making a presentation Picture The/ reading/ man/ sits/ a / the shelf/ book/ next to The man who is reading a book is sitting next to the shelf The/ book/behind /shelf/ reading/ man/ is/ the/ who/ is/ a The man who is reading a book is behind the shelf 3.2.2 Make sentences about the pictures with the suggested words who/ discuss/ engineers …………………………………………… …………………………………………… wait/ want/ line modern/ locate/ river …………………………………………… …………………………………………… ………………………………………… ………………………………………… IV TEST PRACTICE In this part of the test, you will write ONE sentence that is based on a picture With each picture, you will be given two words or phrases that you must use in your sentence You can change the forms of the words and you can use the words in any order tie/ boat map/ look The boat which is on the water is a yacht The people who are sitting in their car looking at the map hat/ look The hats which are on the table look colorful 4.stand/ across The man who standing across is looking at the woman woman/ hold The woman who is holding a cup is using the computer teacher/ explain the man who is explaining something on the board is the teacher (Lession trang sau) LESSON PREPOSITIONS OF TIME & PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE & PREPOSITIONS OF DIRECTION I Prepositions of Time 1.1 Prepositions that show a point of time Since from until/by before/ prior to + a point of time (3 o’clock, July, Friday morning, etc.) The project team leader would like to see us before 5:00 p.m Notes: Until means up to a particular time or event; by means not later than The library will be open until You should submit the report by Below are some common expressions expressing a point of time Three weeks from now Three weeks prior to the date From 3o’clock onward(s) 1.2 Prepositions that show a period of time or a duration She has been using English for ten years Pete guided the employees through the training process Notes: FOR expresses how long something has lasted; DURING indicates when something happens, meaning from the beginning to the end of a particular period The mechanic has been working on the project for years Countless foreigners travel to Italy during the Christmas season IN can also precede a period of time, meaning no more than/ within Your application for membership will be processed in two days 1.3 Identifying a point of time or a duration to use prepositions correctly I will have this done (within/by) the end of the month We have been married (for/since) two years 1.4 PRACTICE 1.4.1 Fill each gap with an appropriate preposition The construction will be finished in _ February The meeting lasted _for _5 hours He founded the organization _in 1999 The National Art Gallery will be open in _ May Every employee has to come back to the office at_ 2p.m 10 The factory will be closed for the Christmas season 1.4.2 Choose the correct option to complete each sentence 11 You have to pay a deposit (by/until/at/within) 30 days 12 The annual sales meeting will be held (in/at/on/for) noon 1.4.3 Fill the gap with correct preposition 13 What are you doing _in _ the weekend? 14 I don't know yet Maybe I'll go to the cinema _on Saturday 15 That's interesting I haven't been to the cinema in so many years 16 We could go there together _in _ the afternoon 17 That would be great But I would prefer to go there _in the evening I am visiting my grandma _on Saturday 18 That's okay The film starts at eight o'clock 19 I can pick you up at _ half past seven How long does the film last? 20 It lasts _for _ two hours and forty-five minutes 10