Thông tin tài liệu
BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRUONG ME ee D ee CỬU LÔNG TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC CỬU LONG CS # ED KHOA NGOAI NGU BAI GIANG TIENG ANH CHUYEN NGANH KE TOAN Gidng vién: ThS Trinh Minh Ly Vinh Long - 2022 BO GIAO DUC VA DAO TAO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC CỬU LONG CRW TRUONG DAI HOC CUU LONG | MEKONG UNIVERSITY KHOA NGOAI NGU BAI GIANG TIENG ANH CHUYEN NGANH KE TOAN Gidng vién: ThS Trinh Minh Ly Vinh Long - 2022 Unit 1: Turnover trouble cccccccccescescessesceeseeseeneceseeeeeenereecesssneseeeeeeeseeseees Trang | Unit 2: A question of figure - -++s+s+srtttttttttthttttttrrrrrrrrrree Trang -ttttttrttre Trang 17 +ttttttttttttt : > =++#t Unit 3: How much does it €OS(? Unit 4: Doubtful ratios : +strtrrhttttttttttrtrtrrtrtrrrre Trang 22 Unit 5: The way forward snrnrrrrtttrtttrtrtrtrtrtrtrrtrrrrre Trang 26 Unit 6: Evaluating a proj€ct . +:+rrtrrrttrrtttttttrtttrrrrrr Trang 28 Unit 7: Reviewing the financial base -trrrttetrtretrttttttre Trang 31 Unit 8: Obtaining ñnance . +scrrerrrrrrrtrtrtrtrtrtrrrrrrrree Trang 34 Unit 9: The path to the partnership -+:::*rtttthttthttttrttth Trang 36 53 Tài liệu tham Khao cceseecseseseeseeseseceeseseeeesensensncasaneseesenenenennenensasesenessegs Trang Unit 1: TURNOVER TROUBLE Discussion questions What jobs accountants do? What are the educational requirements for accountants? Accounting is a great career choice! There are many jobs available for accountants Here are a few: * Bookkeepers work in a company’s back-office They record everything the organization earns or spends * Tax accountants help their clients fill out tax returns + Internal auditors check their employer’s records for accuracy (| Budget Analysts manage a company's financial plans + Management Accountants are business supervisors They study business operations and help maximize profits + Financial Advisers help people make smart investments + The highest -paying positions require a CPA license But jobs are also available for students Many firms hire them as trainees or file clerks Make a list of all the different types of job you know about in accounting Bookkeeper Ss err ————— im Job in accountant 18576 ————— Accountant BS Trainee accountants Accountants who are for professional examinations Bookkeepers Administrative staff responsible for ofa business's financial activities Tax accountant An accountant in a company's tax affairs Back-office manager Person in charge of the staffresponsiblefor — to the Finance department Internal auditors Employees of a company who are responsible External auditors People employed by an outside firm of accountants and hired by a company READING 1: TURNOVER TROUBLE The Proteus Group plc is an electrical engineering company based in Birmingham It makes electrical equipment for lighting, street public and buildings sport stadiums It is a public limited company whose shares are listed on the London Stock Exchange Proteus has subsidiaries in several countries One of these companies, Proteus (Manara) Limited, makes the Protocap - an energy saver which helps to economize on electricity used for public lighting One day in January the Managing Director was studying the management accounts He noticed with alarm that his net profits had fallen, although the accounts showed a 20 percent increase in turnover over the last year He was pleased with the increased sales to Central and Eastern Europe These had risen despite the recession He had achieved this increase by lowering the price of his main product the Protocap Energy Saver As a result, the gross margin had fallen from 31 percent to 14 percent of sales His financial plan had been to increase sales of other products and thus maintain his overall gross profit He had, however, paid a price increase to one of his suppliers This reduced his gross margin on other products by percent to 29 percent Now his net profit had fallen, and this worried him Answer the following questions: Where is Proteus located? What does it manufacture? Does it have any subsidiaries overseas? What is Protocap? What was the problem when the Managing Director studied the management account? How were sales to Central and Eastern Europe? What is this" in line 11 stand for? What is consequence of lowering the price of the main product? How can the company maintain the overall gross profit? 10 What is the Managing Director concerned now? VOCABULARY Choose the best explanation to show the meaning of each of the expressions below subsidiary(n) a) company owned by another company b) branch of a company c) agent of a company in another country d) money paid by the government to help a company or industry turnover (n) a) total value of production in one year b) complete change of production methods c) total value of sales in one period of time d) change from making a big loss to making a profit gross profit (adj+ n) The income of a business after the deduction of a) all the production costs (eg, raw materials, fuel, finished and unfinished goods in store, overheads, factory and direct labour costs) b) income tax c) overheads d) all operating expenses and tax net profit(adj + noun) The income of a business after deduction of a) all operating expenses b) tax c) overheads d) all operating expenses, costs of sales and tax gross margin (adj + noun) a) the difference between selling price and cost of manufacture minus factory overheads b) a large-scale production method used in some countries c) the same as gross profit d) the total value of goods remaining unsold at the end of the year overall gross profit (adj + n) a) money remaining after all costs including tax have been deducted b) same as net profit c) same as gross profit d) excess profit over previously estimated figure How are the following ideas expressed in the passage? a) Several companies together with one holding company ( word, paragraph 1) b) With its head office in ( Birmingham) ( words-para 1) c) A company whose investors can not lose more than the money they are invested in it, and in which anyone may invest ( words- para 1) d) The chief UK share market ( words — para 1) e) The chief ofa company who is also a shareholder in it ( words-para 3) f) Financial information used by the people running a company ( wordpara 3) g) Period of economic downturn ( word- para 4) h) The opposite of customers ( word — para 4) i)Absorbed( word-para 4) Choose the best verb to complete each of the sentences below a) The company’s profitability has / got better/ increased / benefited / improved b) The company’s profits have / got better / increased / benefited / improved c) I’m not making enough money to / pay for / cover / absorb / finance / all my business expenses d) I’m not making enough money to / pay for/ cover/ absorb / finance / extra costs e) We need to / identify / pinpoint / name / find / the products which are losing money f) We need to / identify / pinpoint / name / find / the cause of the problem g) The business needs to / create / build up / produce / generate / enough profit to pay for operating and financial costs h) The sales manager/ set / stated / gave / submitted / the target for the next six months Grammar the relative '|Omitting | | | | pronoun ers based in Birmingham Look at these examples: A Proteus is an engineering company based in Birmingham To avoid repetition and to provide a description which identifies the company, the writer has made one sentence: B Proteus is an engineering company based in Birmingham Now rewrite the following pairs of sentences in the same way a) The Protocap has components Sub — contractors supply the components b) They make electric cars They equip the electric cars with battery chargers c) The accountant showed us the half yearly results They had prepared the results for the board meeting d) They were drinking wine Someone had imported the wine from Hungary e) He was worried be the fall in net profit Reduced margins of their main products caused this fall f) In the financial plan he decided to increase the sales of their secondary products He submitted the plan to the head office in Birmingham g) The Protocap was cheaper to produce in Manara than in Birmingham Proteus’ subsidiary company made the Protocap Whose shares are listed on the London Stock Exchange (line 4) The sentence is made up of two parts: A It is a public limited company + Its shares are listed on the Stock Exchange = It is a public limited company whose shares are listed on the Stock Exchange B Mr Walker gave the first lecture + His books are read by all those working in public finance = Mr Walker, whose books are read _ by all those working in public finance, gave the first lecture Now join the following pairs of sentences in the same way a) There are hundreds of accountants Their addresses can be found in the phone book b) It’s a large engineering company Its factories make components for car manufacturers c) They are exporters of foodstuff Their supermarkets are all over the country d) He bought shares in BM engineering Their value fell soon after he bought them e) There were hundreds of passengers in the departure lounge Their flights had been delayed by the fog f) They were worried about the company Its production costs had risen sharply g) Production was delayed at the factory Its main building had been damaged by a recent fire h) The government lowered interest rates Its economic policy had failed i) The manager wanted to know why the company was making less profit The company’s turnover had increased j) The Financial Controller said the prices must be raised The Financial Controller’s advice had been asked Transitive and intransitive verbs The following verbs are transitive and must take an object: Lower(line 14), reduce(line 18), make( line and 6), list(line 4), raise, have, use Examples: They lowered my wages He reduced the number of cigarettes he smoked She listed my mistakes The following verbs are intransitive and cannot take an object: Fall(line 15), rise(line 13), go up / down Examples The sun rises every morning Shares prices fell Some verbs may be used transitively or intransitively and may take an object or not; one of these is ‘increase’( line 16) Examples: The government increased public spending Each year the money increases When you look up verbs in English dictionaries, you often find them marked vi(intransitive verb) or vt (transitive verb) C Read these questions: The company employs an old computer program TRUE Robert issues invoices TRUE He prints the V.A.T record once a month TRUE _ FALSE The company pays suppliers by cheques /checks TRUE FALSE_ Robert uses online banking TRUE _ FALSE D.Look at the highlighted words in the definitions 46 text and FALSE _ FALSE match them _ to the Then compare your answers with your partner WORDS [1| DEFINITIONS accounts payable | accounts receivable liability d 4n ond business, as cash, notes and accounts receivable, nee ý : securities, inventories, goodwill, fixtures, machinery, or real estate corral assets dã Total long term and liquid resources of a person or — : The accounting transaction record, maintained either manually or using computer software, of all the Petty cash book balance sheet and income statement balances of a | general ledger (GL) company or business An instruction a bank account holder gives to his or |register of incomes| and her bank to pay a set amount at regular intervals to expenses for Income Revenue Authority payroll another's account A list of employees to be paid, with the amount owed to each | standing order request A printed listing that shows financial amounts taken 10 in or paid out of a bank account, or of finances statement generally Money owed, debts The amount of money a company owes creditors (suppliers, etc.) in return for goods and/or services they have delivered A formal summarization of petty cash expenditures, sorted by date Annual declaration to the tax office of all domestic VAT sales and purchases The amount of money owed by customers or clients to a business after goods or services have been delivered and/or used 47 VOCABULARY Choose the best answer for these sentences Lyall our profits for the previous accounting period (called/gathered/calculated) Your job will be to and maintain financial records (promise/prepare/make) An accounting period is a period of time over which are calculated (prophets/profits/profiteering) Accounts refers to the money that is owed to the company by its clients/customers (receivable/receptive/respected) To accrue means to accumulate or (decrease/regret/increase) My house has the past months ( = increased in value) by 10% in (appreciated/depreciated/approximated) l indicated all the accrued expenses on your balance (Sheet/paper/note) These expenses are typically (= they occur regularly) (Pragmatic/prodigal/periodic) Another word for accounting is (finance/bookkeeping/money counting) 10 A good accountant will help youkep of your business's finances (Track/trace/score) Review Exercise 1:Find the missing words in the sentences below Choose from the box You will need to use each word more than once Account accounts accountant accounting accountancy Can you check that the figures have been entered correctly in the bank account 48 | He’s at university studying The management of the company have not yet decided on their policies A bookkeeper writes details of financial transactions in the - Most people in the profession read magazines and journals in order to stay informed She’s been working as an ee with the firm for several years now The directors of the company approve the year 1h€:chiefY:-, Xe: has completed the draft for this year Each branch maintains its own full system 10 They have opened an for te consignment to Bombay DLs At ee is really not an exact science 12 A business manager needs some knowledge in order to understand what he reads in the company Exercise 2: Complete the following words This company has supplied goods but has not received any money for them yet Companies make this when they sell their goods for more than it costs them tomakethem P T Companies make this when they sell their goods for less than it cost them to - Goods which are bought by the company P _ ES 0œ Goods which the company has available to sell.S K Gö An amount of money which is taken out of an account.W_ = =D mm Customers who have received goods but not paid for them yet.D _ RS œ make them LS A reduction in the price which is offered to customers D _L Ci © This is the name of the difference between the credit and debit sides of an account; (Ba = oR 49 10 This is drawn up to check that the two sides of the accounts are the same 12 The official books for keeping accounts L_ D _S Review Exercise 1:Identify which mathematical term (a-i) describes the examples (1-9) 1.74% f= P/(2YV) a) Formula 3: b) Multiplication c) Division | 000% d) Percentage e) Average | | f) Ration g) Addition h) Rate 1,623+3,004 = 4,627| i) Subtraction | 9,260 -1,111 = 8,149 1,505 _ 354 Poa 724 Indirect costs 200 Jan 2.4 July 3.5 Feb 2.5 Aug 4.7 Mar 3:9 Sept 6.9 April May 4.6 3.4 Oct Nov =6:3 6.8 June 3.6 Dec 3.4 Monthly ite cae = 4.33 302 x 6.2 = 1,872.4 Direct costs 000’s Costs Direct : Indirect = 3.62 9, £12.24/hour 50 Exercise 2: Complete the following words This is the name for buildings, machinery, money in the bank and money owed by customers A The loss of value of the things in the number D_ P N Money which is borrowed L _ 4, The extra money a company or person pays for borrowing money I_ ST The total sum of money which is supplied by the owners of a company to sell Cash or goods which the owner takes from the company for his own private uses Ds SIM 1S These are bought by people wishing to invest in the company.S _S The extra amount which is paid for a company above the value of its assets GOOha 2.55 The purchase of another company ACQU | 10 An official examination of the accounts A _T 11 A financial plan for the futureB_ si TT 12 A statement of the financial position of the company B SHEET Extra exercise I Fill in the mission prepositions in the sentences below Choose from the box || | WAI between by from of to | Labor costs have fallen from 22% oftotal production costs to 14% in the last ten years That 8% There was a dramatic in sales to the USA 1997 and 2000 The company is currently selling 20,000 units $23 each The growth in sales has led to a rise 30% in profits A 10% drop in sales has reduces the profit 40% During 1999/2000 we increased retail floor space 5% a total 51 48,000m? They expect to create 1,450 job worldwide the end of next year, at the latest Capital investment for the year stands $6,000 Pre-tax profits reached a peak $5m two years ago but have been lower since 10 Weekly sales have levelled off $34,000 11 Increased efficiency has resulted in a lowering of the break-even point from 710555sysv2 2,500 units 12 The rise in raw material prices is expected to be 3.5% and 4.5% this year II What the meanings of the phrases are in bold in the Choose the correct definition the list (a-j) on the right Write your answers in the grid below | How you account for the sudden fall in the | stock value? b) Report | c) Under no | : circumstance a) Consider ; e) Explain Agents buy and sell goods on their own account They gave the solicitor a detailed account of the customer’s business deals in the last year The draft accounts had to be adjusted on account of the discovery that a major debtor had gone bankrupt f) uBie customers | Sy Fociheniselves | hy Beomise oe | DríOntdfedjt j) represent nn Raw materials account for 30% of the manufacturing cost They are regular customers in this shop and are now able to buy on account aon On no account should there figures be released before the board meeting When making decisions for the future the managers have to take this year’s poor performance into account By all accounts, they will benefit greatly if the deal goes through 10 The advertising company has won two new in South Africa 52 | | from (1-10) below? | SA sentences a) People say III READING ACCOUNTING AND ACCOUNTANCY A Accounting accounts Accounting involves recording and summarizing an organization’s transactions or business deals, such as purchases and sales, and reporting them in the form of financial statements In many countries, the accounting or accountancy profession has professional systems, organizations and make technical which operate their own training and examination and ethical rules: these relate to accepted ways of doing things Bookkeeping is the day-to-day recording of transactions Financial accounting includes bookkeeping, and preparing financial statements for shareholders and creditors (people or organizations who have lent money to a company) Management accounting involves the use of accounting data by managers, for making plans and decisions B Auditing Auditing means examining a company’s systems of control and the accuracy or exactness of its records, looking for errors or possible fraud: where the company may have deliberately given false information An internal audit is carried out by a company’s own accountants or internal auditors An external audit is done by independent auditors: auditors who are not employees of the company ~ iia I record at the purchases and sales made by this department T ME TU ——— ae — This month, I’m examining the accounts of a large manufacturing company 33 ee ` The external audit examines the truth and fairness of financial statements It tries to prevent what is called “ creative accounting”, which means recording transactions and values in a way that produces a false result — usually an artificially high profit There is always more than one way of presenting accounts The accounts of British companies have to give a true and fair view of their financial situation This means that the financial statements must give a correct and reasonable picture of the company’s current condition What type of work does each person do, and what is the name of each job? Look at A and B opposite to help you me | I analyze the sales figures from the different departments and make decisions | about our future activities | eae I am responsible for preparing our annual balance sheet | When the accounts are complete, I check them before they are presented to the | external auditors | “—— 54 | | Answer keys (for review1) Exercise Current assets: cash in the bank, debtors, stock Fixed assets: buildings, land, investments Intangible assets: goodwill, human capital, reputation 1.FALSE 2.FALSE | accounts g payable TRUE |The 4.FALSE amount (suppliers, TRUE of money a company owes etc.) in return for goods creditors and/or services they have delivered | accounts j receivable |The amount of money owed by customers or clients to a business after goods or services have been delivered) and/or used | liability f |Money owed, debts | fixed and a |Total long term and liquid resources of a person or current assets business, as cash, notes and accounts securities, inventories, goodwill, or real estate( Fixed assets receivable, fixtures, machinery, are long-term and will likely provide benefits to a company for more than one year, such as a real estate, land or major machinery Current assets are those that will be converted to cash within one year Typically, this could be cash, inventory or accounts receivable) | petty cash book A formal summarization of petty cash expenditures, ‘ sorted by date |general ledgerlb |The accounting transaction record, maintained either (GL) manually balance or using sheet and computer income software, statement of all balances the of al company or business The five main types of general ledger accounts are 55 asset account, liability account, expense account, revenue account, and equity account |register of incomes and expenses for Income | | Annual i declaration to the tax office of all domestic) VAT sales and purchases Revenue Authority payroll d request 10 | statement to each An instruction a bank account holder gives to his or l standing order A list of employees to be paid, with the amount owed c : |her bank to pay a set amount at regular intervals to another's account e | A printed listing that shows financial amounts taken! in or paid out of a bank generally 56 account, or of finances VOCABULARY Choose the best answer for these sentences II profits for the previous accounting period (called/gathered/calculated) Your job will be to and maintain financial records (promise/prepare/make) An accounting period is a period of time over which are calculated (prophets/profits/profiteering) Accounts refers to the money that is owed to the company by its clients/customers (receivable/receptive/respected) To accrue means to accumulate or (decrease/regret/increase) My house has ( = increased in value) by 10% in the past months (appreciated/depreciated/approximated) Lindicated all the accrued expenses on your balance These expenses are typically (Sheet/paper/note) (= they occur regularly) (Pragmatic/prodigal/periodic) Another word for accounting is (finance/bookkeeping/money counting) 10 A good accountant will help you keep of (Track/trace/score) 57 your business's finances Answer key for review Exercise 1 Account Accountant, accounts Accounting Accounting Accounts 10 Account II Accountancy 12 Accounting, accounts Auk YN Accountancy Accounts, accounting Accountancy Accountant Exercise Creditor Debtors Discount Loss Balance Purchases 10 Trial balance Stock 11 Carriage Withdrawal 12 Ledgers Ans wWN Profit Answer keys for review Exercise L D 2h 3.E 4.G 5.B Exercise Assets Shares Depreciation Goodwill 3: Loan Acquisition Interest 10 Audit SẼ Capital 11 Budget Drawings 12 Balance sheet Answer key extra exercises I By Between At At Of Of 10 At By E1::1o By,to, of 12 between DN wR WN From, to mơ = ® ry AR Qu Oo Zs wo OA I LO sf II wk YON Bookkeeping , a bookkeeper External auditing, an independent auditor Management accounting, a management accountant Financial accounting, a financial accountant Accounting, an accountant / internal auditing, an internal auditor REFERENCES Taylor, J., & Peltier, S (2011) Accounting: Teacher's Pack Express Publlishing Mahoney, S., & Frendo, E (2007) English for Accounting Oxford University Press Pohl, Alison,2002, Test Your Professional English NE Accounting, Pearson Education https://www.english4accounting.com/ (accessed 26 May 2019) https://www businessenglishsite.com/ (accessed 26 May 2019)
Ngày đăng: 13/07/2023, 14:36
Xem thêm:
