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(Đề thi gồm 14 trang) KỲ THI HỌC SINH GIỎI CÁC TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN KHU VỰC DUYÊN HẢI VÀ ĐỒNG BẰNG BẮC BỘ ĐỀ THI MÔN TIẾNG ANH 10 Thời gian 180 phút (không kể thời gian giao đề) Ngày thi 14/7/2022 (Thí[.]
KỲ THI HỌC SINH GIỎI CÁC TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN KHU VỰC DUYÊN HẢI VÀ ĐỒNG BẰNG BẮC BỘ ĐỀ THI MƠN: TIẾNG ANH 10 Thời gian: 180 phút (khơng kể thời gian giao đề) Ngày thi: 14/7/2022 (Thí sinh làm trực tiếp vào đề) ĐỀ ĐỀ XUẤT (Đề thi gồm 14 trang) Bằng số Điểm Bằng chữ Giám khảo Giám khảo Số phách A LISTENING (50 points): HƯỚNG DẪN PHẦN THI NGHE HIỂU Bài nghe gồm phần; phần nghe lần, lần cách 05 giây; mở đầu kết thúc phần nghe có tín hiệu Thí sinh có 20 giây để đọc phần câu hỏi Mở đầu kết thúc nghe có tín hiệu nhạc Thí sinh có 03 phút để hồn chỉnh trước tín hiệu nhạc kết thúc nghe Mọi hướng dẫn cho thí sinh (bằng tiếng Anh) có nghe Part 1: You will hear a conversation between Louise and the owner of the video library Listen and complete the form below Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER in each gap VIDEO LIBRARY APPLICATION FORM First names: Louise Cynthia Address: Apartment 1, 72 (1) street Highbridge Postcode: (2) _ Telephone: 9835 6712 (home) (3) _ (work) Driver’s license number: _(4) Date of birth: 25th (5) _, 1977 Your answers: Part Listen and decide whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F) Write T or F in the given boxes Hwange is a great national park located in Africa Two hundred elephants have died during the last two months Many subsistence farmers are struggling to survive in the park area The national park is ready to cope with an environmental crisis 10 The water pipes in the area have been fixed for two hours Your answers: 10 Part You will hear a discussion in which two biologists, Ian Cartwright and Angela Sharpe, talk about conservation and the public's perception of it Choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which best fits according to what you hear 11 According to Ian, why aren't people easily convinced of the importance of protecting endangered species? A They find it difficult to understand the concept B They are presented with information that is too vague C They not believe human activity causes extinction D They think that conservationists are exaggerating the situation 12 Angela says that eco-tourism has been successful because A it provides locals with a long-term source of income B it has been properly managed by governments in developing countries C it encourages people to have more respect for nature D it is affordable for a large number of people from developed countries 13 The story Ian tells about how economists determined the value of the environment highlights A what a complex subject economics can be B the ease with which false promises are made C why companies get away with polluting lakes D how ignorant people are of the role nature plays in their lives 14 What explanation does Angie give for people being indifferent to the destruction of the ecosystem? A They believe scientists will fix the problem B The vast majority not suffer too much when it happens C They consider the exploitation of environmental resources necessary D They think the cost of replacing unrecognised benefits has been overestimated 15 The species Ian refers to A indicate how fast an ecosystem is likely to collapse B only live in one specific ecosystem C are extremely sensitive to environmental change D appear to be in the greatest danger of extinction Your answers: 11 12 13 14 15 Part 4: You will hear a talk on education For question 16 to 25, fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS taken from the recording You will hear the audio TWICE Write your answers in the space provided Education is so important because it is supposed to help us get prepared for the challenges in our life That’s why in most of schools of all kinds 16 with challenges in life is widely studied However, things such as talent, energy, goodwill, and 17 seem to disappear In order to improve education it is claimed that what we need is not money but that we must pay more attention to the real purpose of education, which is aimed to help us with: working and 18 To address these needs two crucial subjects must be included in the curriculum The first one is 19 since we don’t fully understand how the economy works To help to study this subject, maths is taught to help students how to deal with money It is hoped that students can get more understanding the global economy together with other terms such as leadership, marketing and competition, cash flow, and 20 Secondly students really need to study themselves since we usually misunderstand ourselves They should be taught a number of concepts and helped towards their personality maps so that they can understand, among with other issues, what type of people they are 21 to go out with It is essential that they should also be taught 22 so that they can understand which job they are fit for Regarding the study of relationships, there must be lessons on techniques such as 23 and on kindness and forgiveness as well Education must not be restricted to classrooms or schools Other forms or fields such as media and arts are also used to help students learn what they really need to However, the real problem is that we fail to identify the 24 of the problems that we are now facing in education that is we have got the 25 Your answers 16 21 17 22 18 23 19 24 20 25 B LEXICO - GRAMMAR (40 points) Part Choose one of the words marked A, B, C, or D which best completes each of the following sentences Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes (20 points) I'm afraid we got our _ crossed — I thought my husband would be picking up the children and he thought I was doing it A minds B purposes C wires D fingers The princess's nanny's autobiography really gives the _ on life among the royals A show-down B know-how C low-down D look-out As well as being a good cook, my grandmother was with a fine voice A competent B capable C gifted D talented _talking of running for election again, after such a crushing defeat, is surely proof of his resilience A Should he be B That he is C Had he been D That he were Nam, remember, although money is important, never anything that is not A above board B under the sky C within the square D in the cards Since Harry is the bee’s in terms of Maths, it is no wonder so many friends ask him for support in this subject A knees B wings C arms D legs Searching for one man in this city is like looking for a _ A salt of the earth B sand in the desert C needle in a haystack D drop in the ocean Denise has been _ the midnight oil trying to finish this report, so she must be exhausted A lighting B brightening C burnt D burning I was at _ to make it clear that I wasn’t blaming either of them A efforts B trouble C pains D endeavours 10 Many young people feel a sense of and don’t believe they have to work hard A entitlement B aspiration C association D dedication 11 , early approaches for coping with workplace stress dealt with the problem only after its symptoms had appeared A Although well-intending B Although it is a good intention C Although a gook intention D Although well-intended 12 If the size of the work force can be easily and rapidly altered market fluctuations, profits will be maximized A in terms of B in response to C in reply to D with respect to 13 , the strollers can take another road A If need be B When it must C We might as well D Come what may 14 Global warming has progressed glaciers everywhere are shrinking A too much an extent that B to such an extent that C enough an extent that D so great an extent that 15 My arguments with the boss got worse and worse, and it all in my deciding to change jobs A elaborated B superseded C regenerated D culminated 16 That Mary is an _ liar: you must take what she says with a small grain of salt A incorrigible B incurable C irredeemable D irremediable 17 It seems to me that we’ve been led up the _ path There’s no such address as the one she gave us! A forest B garden C maze D mountain 18 The renewed interest in Elizabethan times is evident in the _ of new Hollywood films set during that period A spate B hypocrisy C transience D demise 19 We weren't able to drive down the street because of a in the middle of the road A broadening B border C barricade D buttress 20 It was a close _ but we just made it to the airport on time for our flight A run B drive C call D go Your answers 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 II Give the correct form of each word in brackets to complete the sentence When my favorite team lost the big game, I was and did not leave my seat for an hour (MUSE) For users, they are still expensive features and come with their own set of integration problems (ADD) This proposal was to the one we discussed at the last meeting (ANALOGY) The opposing counsel had a last opportunity to the witness to address the facts brought out in redirect examination (EXAMINE) The government announced that more than a million dollars will be for COVID-19 vaccine research (EAR) The president of this company is merely a the Chief Executive is the one who is truly in control (HEAD) Barack Obama is the first President of the United States with background RACE This statue the soldiers who died in the war MEMORY The chairman of this company is merely a , the Chief Executive is the one who is truly in control HEAD 10 The headmaster decided to expel the rough boy from our school His behaviour was really (OBJECT) Your answers: 10 III Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate preposition 1 I really like oceanography I think I'm going to read _ on that subject more in the future in order to get more knowledgeable about it Maybe I'll get a degree in that area one day Everyone approved for the scheme, but when we asked for volunteers they all _ They greyed _ the print button to stop people using it because expenses for paper have gone up recently After my symptoms disappeared, the doctor tapered me _ the medication I don’t like to make friends with the person who always runs _ his old friends This is serious matter, so you have to level _ me this time Don’t try to hide anything,’ said his partner We’d been spending years pegging _ at our job of running the shop before the business really took off It cost Rick a huge amount of money to put three children _ college After the king had been exile for donkey’s years, he returned to Britain 10 Please don’t talk about that day - I want to put it all me Your answers 10 C READING (60 POINTS) Part Fill each of the following numbered blanks with ONE suitable word Economic benefits of vaccination The costs of vaccination programmes are (1) outweighed by the economic benefits of reducing illness, disability and premature death, according to a modelling study Patenaude and his team at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland generated estimates for the economic cost of illnesses, disability and premature death that (2) otherwise occur without vaccination programmes in 94 low and middle-income countries, and compared these with the overall cost of (3) the programmes They focused on vaccination programmes targeting 10 infectious diseases, (4) measles, yellow fever and hepatitis B Using a model that considered treatment costs as well as lost wages and productivity due to illness, the researchers found that the money saved through the vaccination programmes will be approximately $682 billion for the period from 2011 to 2020 and a (5) $829 billion from 2021 to 2030 Patenaude claimed that they wanted to convert the benefits (6) money so people could compare them with other types of investments a country or organisation might be making – like in education or transport or other things Also, the researchers (7) their findings using another model, (8) estimates the value of a saved life using data on people’s willingness to spend money to (9) their risk of death Using this model, they found that the estimated value of lives saved by the vaccination programmes will be about 51 times their cost from 2011 to 2020 and 52 times their cost from 2021 to 2030 As stated by Patenaude, measles vaccination provided the highest estimated return on investment as it had a high case fatality (10) and measles vaccines were extremely effective at reducing mortality in young children Your answers: 6 7 8 9 10 10 Part 2: Read the following passage and choose the best option to fill in each gap Attention Deficiency Disorder (ADD) is a neurobiological problem that affects 3-5% of all children (1) _include inattentiveness and having difficulty getting organized, as well as easily becoming (2) Sometimes, ADD is accompanied by hyperactivity In these cases, the sufferer exhibits (3) physical activity Psychostimulant drugs can be (4 to ADD sufferers to assist them with the completion of the desired thought processes, although they might cause (5) Current theory states that medication is the only (6) _action that has a sound scientific basic This action should only be taken after an accurate diagnosis is made Children with ADD not (7) have trouble learning; their problem is that they involuntarily (8) their attention elsewhere It is not only children that are (9) _by this condition Failure to treat ADD can lead to lifelong emotional and behavioral problems Early diagnosis and treatment, however, are the key to successfully overcoming learning difficulties (10) _with ADD A Symptoms B Sights C Signs D Signals A distracted B dim C divulged D unattended A excessive B rich C exaggerated D over A handed B taken C given D drunk A disadvantages B damage C pain D side-effects A cure B health C remedial D medical A absolutely B eternally C necessarily D always A switch B carry C move D bring A worsened B affected C caused D spoiled 10 A combined B associated C made D supplied Your answers 10 Part 3: Read the following passage about the human immune system and choose the best answer (A, B, C, or D) according to the text Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided The Human Immune System The human immune system is composed of both an innate and an adaptive immune system First, humans have an innate immune system that is intrinsic in all organisms, and it functions particularly through establishing biological barriers and creating biochemical reactions that immediately respond with a maximal effort in order to destroy infectious microbes [A] Second, humans have an adaptive immune system, which can only be found in vertebrates with jaws [B] The adaptive immune system gains an immunological memory from previously encountered germs, so it is able to prevent these specific microbes from causing further infection [C] With these dual capacities of fighting infection and acquiring resistance to germs, humans can maximize their immunity [D] A person’s innate immune system has many complex barriers and biochemical reactions designed to ward off infections The most visible one is the skin, which keeps most bacteria, fungi, and viruses from ever entering the body, but humans also have mucus, which traps germs that reside in the body’s tissue In addition to such biological material, there are other internal barriers like gastric acids, tears, saliva, urine, and various chemicals that either destroy or flush out germs Even involuntary functions like sneezing and coughing are barriers that serve to expel germs Beyond these, there are biochemical reactions that come from leukocytes, which are found in the blood Leukocytes are white blood cells that effectively clear out cellular debris, create inflammation near an infection, summon immune cells to the inflammation, activate several other chemical reactions, and even destroy tumors However, perhaps the most important action these cells perform is activating a human’s adaptive immune system, which is essential in not only curing current diseases but also preventing future infections With an adaptive immune system, cells learn how to best combat pathogens and develop a higher resistance to them Like the innate immune system, this involves chemical reactions and cellular cooperation Unlike the innate immune system, this system doesn’t respond very quickly or with its full strength all at once Instead, it uses its time and energy to provide cells with an immunological memory to the pathogens they encounter, making them more resistant to recurring infections (similarly to how a vaccination works) Certain white blood cells called T-cells are the principal actors in this system; these identify “self” cells with the same DNA and distinguish them from any foreign cells with different DNA After this, they seek and destroy these foreign cells, whether they are invading microbes or infected host cells T-cells also mediate the responses from the innate and adaptive immune systems so that the body can effectively exterminate the infection After destroying infectious cells, the body uses B-cells to develop antibodies, or specialized proteins that prevent future infections A B-cell is designed to connect with an individual type of antigen created by an infectious cell The B-cell uses this antigen to produce antibodies that seek out and neutralize infectious bacteria, fungi, and viruses However, the most important process comes after the infection disappears: these B-cells will duplicate, and their progeny will manufacture the same antibodies Thus, the body will constantly produce antibodies that successfully fight off a specific infection, and the body can successfully fight off any subsequent infections from this pathogen In addition to this, B-cells also mark antigens for leukocytes to attack, thus making them and microbes easier targets for the biochemical reaction An interesting feature of the human immune system is how it affects infants both before and after birth When babies are first born, they not have very many previously formed antibodies, so they have a greater risk of infection than adults However, they ward off many infections by temporarily obtaining the mother’s antibodies from breast milk and nutrients passed through the placenta Also interesting is the very inception of the fetus among such an aggressive immune system: somehow, the fetus, which doesn’t have its mother’s exact DNA, is ignored by the mother’s T-cells and B-cells Scientists currently have a few theories about this phenomenon For instance, the uterus may not be monitored by white blood cells, or it may produce special proteins that suppress any local immune responses Nonetheless, the fact that the immune system restrains its programming for reproductive development continues to puzzle many scientists 1 The word intrinsic in the passage is closest in meaning to A fundamental B auxiliary C detrimental D extraordinary Which of the following square brackets [A], [B], [C], or [D] best indicates where in the paragraph the sentence ‘However, this particular action never changes to counter specific threats of infection’ can be inserted? A [A] B [B] C [C] D [D] According to passage 2, which bodily fluid initiates biochemical reactions in a human’s innate immune system? A urine B blood C saliva D tears The word mediate in the passage is closest in meaning to _ A interrupt B magnify C contemplate D coordinate Based on the information in paragraph 3, what can be inferred about the adaptive immune system? A Because it takes so long to act, it is less effective in purging infectious cells than the innate immune system B Even though it takes longer to act, it is more effective in long term immunity than the innate immune system C Because humans already have an innate immune system, this system is unnecessary and only used as a substitute D It works differently from the innate immune system, so the two are completely independent of one another The word progeny in the passage is closest in meaning to _ A willingness B mechanism C offspring D mutation According to paragraph 4, what B-cells produce? A antigens B antibodies C leukocytes D pathogens The word inception in the passage is closest in meaning to A conception B invulnerability C contamination D consumption According to paragraph 5, where newborn babies get most of their antibodies? A from their own white blood cells B from immune cells in the uterus C from mucus and other barriers D from breast milk and the placenta 10 Based on the information in paragraph 5, what can be inferred about how the mother’s immune system should scientifically be affecting the fetus? A It should protect the fetus from infection B It should help develop cells in the fetus C It should be attacking foreign fetal cells D It should be exposing the fetus to microbes Your answers: _ 10 _ Part 4: Read the passage and the tasks below A. Genealogy, the study of tracing family connections and relationships through history – so building a cohesive family tree, has become an increasingly popular hobby from non-specialist enthusiasts over recent decades The introduction of the Internet has, in many ways, spurred interest levels since historical information has been made far more accessible than previously Experts warn, however, that sources obtained from the internet must be considered with caution as they may often contain inaccuracies, often advising novice genealogists to join a family history society where they are able to learn useful skills from experienced researchers B. Originally, prior to developing a more mainstream following, the practice of genealogy focused on establishing the ancestral links of rulers and noblemen often with the purpose of disputing or confirming the legitimacy of inherited rights to wealth or position More recently, genealogists are often interested in not only where and when previous generations of families lived but also details of their lifestyle and motivations, interpreting the effects of law, political restrictions, immigration and the social conditions on an individual’s or family’s behaviour at the given time Genealogy searches may also result in location of living relatives and consequently family reunions, in some cases helping to reunite family members who had been separated in the past due to fostering/adoptlon, migration or war C. In Australia, there has been a great deal of interest of late, from families wishing to trace their links to the early settlers As a result of the loss of the American colonies in the 1700s, Britain was in need of an alternative destination for prisoners who could not be accommodated in the country’s overcrowded penal facilities In 1787, the ‘First Fleet’ which consisted of a flotilla of ships carrying just over 1300 people (of which 753 were convicts or their children and the remainder marines, officers and their family members) left Britain’s shores for Australia On January 26, 1788 – now celebrated as Australia Day – the fleet landed at Sydney Cove and the first steps to European settlement began D. Genealogy research has led to a shift in attitudes towards convict heritage amongst contemporary Australian society, as family members have been able to establish that their ancestors were, in fact, not hardened and dangerous criminals, but had, in most cases, been harshly punished for minor crimes inspired by desperation and dire economic circumstances So dramatic has the shift in attitudes been that having family connections to passengers on the ‘First Fleet’ is considered nothing less than prestigious Convicts Margaret Dawson and Elizabeth Thakery were amongst the first European women to ever set foot on Australian soil Details about the former, whose initial death sentence passed for stealing clothes from her employer was commuted to deportation, and the latter expelled for stealing handkerchiefs along with others of similar fate are now available on the internet for eager descendants to track E. Although many of the deported convicts were forbidden to return to Britain, others such as Dawson, were, in theory, expelled for a given term In reality, however, the costs of attempting to return to the mother country were well beyond the means of the majority Genealogists now attribute the successful early development of Australia to such ex-convicts who decided to contribute fully to society once their sentence had been served Many rewards were available to prisoners who displayed exemplary behaviour, including land grants of 30 acres or more, tools for developing and farming the land and access to convict labour Genealogy studies also show that many former prisoners went on to hold powerful positions in the newly forming Australia society, examples being Francis Greenway – a British architect expelled on conviction of fraud – who went on to design many of Sydney’s most prominent colonial buildings, and Alexander Munro, transported after stealing cheese at the age of 15, who would later build Australia’s first gas works and hold the position of Town Mayor F. In North America, the Mormon Church, headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah, holds wo major genealogical databases, the International Genealogical Index and the Ancestral File, which contain records of hundreds of million individuals who lived between 1500 and 1900 in the United States, Canada and Europe Resources available to genealogy enthusiasts include the Salt Lake City based Family History Library and more than 4000 branches where microfilms and microfiches can be rented for research and the newer Family Search internet site which provides open access to numerous databases and research sources Such data sharing practices are central and crucial to genealogical research and the internet has proven to be a major tool in facilitating ease of transfer of information in formats suitable for use in forums and via email The global level of interest in and demand for such information has proven so intense, that traffic load on release of sources such as Family Search and the British Census for 1901 led to temporary collapse of the host servers G. Experts advise that reliability of sources used for genealogical research should be evaluated in light of four factors which may influence their accuracy, these being the knowledge of the informant, the bias and mental state of the informant, the passage of time and potential for compilation error First, genealogists should consider who the information was provided by and what he or she could be ascertained to have known For example, a census record alone is considered unreliable as no named source for the information is likely to be found A death certificate signed by an identified doctor, however, can be accepted as more reliable In the case of bias or mental state, researchers are advised to consider that even when information is given by what could be considered a reliable source, that there may have been motivation to be untruthful – continuing to claim a government benefit or avoidance of taxation, for example H. Generally, data recorded at the same time or close to the event being researched is considered to be more reliable than records written at a later point in time, as – while individuals may intend to give a true representation of events – factual information may be misrepresented due to lapses in memory and forgotten details Finally, sources may be classified as either original or derivative The latter refers to photocopies, transcriptions, abstracts, translations, extractions, and compilations and has more room for error due to possible misinterpretations, typing errors or loss of additional and crucial parts of the original documentation Questions – Reading Passage has eight paragraphs A-H Choose the correct heading for paragraphs B and DG from the list of headings below Write the correct number i to ix in boxes – on your answer sheet List of Headings i. An Embarrassing Heritage ii. Assessing Validity iii. Diversity of Application iv. Interpretation Errors v. Past Usage vi. Useful Sources vii. Australasian Importance viii. Changing Viewpoints ix. Significant Roles Example: Paragraph C; Answer: vii 1) Paragraph B 2) Paragraph D 3) Paragraph E 4) Paragraph F 5) Paragraph G Questions – Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage? TRUE if the statement agrees with the information FALSE if the statement contradicts the information NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this 6) Early applications of genealogy focused on behaviour, movement and settlement of populations 7) Some ex-convicts chose to stay in Australia due to the opportunities it presented 8) Overwhelming interest in obtaining genealogical information has led to technological difficulties Questions 9-10 Choose the correct letter A, B, C or D 9) Why has recreational genealogy become more popular? A. Because it is now a fashionable hobby B. Because more people wish to trace missing relatives C. Because there are less political barriers D. Because it is no longer requires so much effort 10) Why does census information need to be approached with caution? A. Because it cannot easily be attributed to a particular individual B. Because it is often not validated by a physician C. Because administration practices in the past were unreliable D. Because informants may not have been truthful due to financial motivations D WRITING (50 POINTS) Part The bar chart shows the percentage of school children learning to play different musical instrument in 2005, 2010 and 2015 Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant Write at least 150 words Part Write an essay on the following topics (at least 250 words) Every year large numbers of people migrate from one country to another for different reasons Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of migration for the individual and for society as a whole KỲ THI HỌC SINH GIỎI CÁC TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN KHU VỰC DUYÊN HẢI VÀ ĐỒNG BẰNG BẮC BỘ ĐỀ THI MÔN: TIẾNG ANH 10 Thời gian: 180 phút (không kể thời gian giao đề) Ngày thi: 14/7/2022 (Thí sinh làm trực tiếp vào đề) HƯỚNG DẪN CHẤM (Đề thi gồm 15 trang) A LISTENING (50 points): Part 1: You will hear a conversation between Louise and the owner of the video library Listen and complete the form below Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER in each gap Black 2085 9456 1309 2020BD July Part Listen and decide whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F) Write T or F in the given boxes 6- T 7-T 8-F 9-F 10 - F Part You will hear a discussion in which two biologists, Ian Cartwright and Angela Sharpe, talk about conservation and the public's perception of it Choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which best fits according to what you hear 11 B 12 A 13 D 14 B 15 C Part 4: You will hear a talk on education For question to 10, fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS taken from the recording You will hear the audio twice Write your answers in the space provided trouble dealing human ingenuity sustaining good relationships capitalism HR 10 best suited career self - knowledge anxiety reduction real source wrong curriculum B LEXICO - GRAMMAR (50 points) Part Choose one of the words marked A, B, C, or D which best completes each of the following sentences Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes (20 points) C C C B A A C D C 10 A 11 D 12 A 13 A 14 B 15 D 16 A 17 B 18 A 19 C 20 C II Give the correct form of each word in brackets to complete the sentence bemused Add-on analogous cross-examine earmarked figurehead multi-racial commemorates figurehead 10 Objectionable III Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate preposition up With Back Away Out Through Off In Down 10 behind C READING Part Fill each of the following numbered blanks with ONE suitable word vastly/ greatly/ exceedingly/ enormously/ extremely/ hugely would implementing including further into validated / certified / confirmed which reduce 10 rate Part 2: Read the following passage and choose the best option to fill in each gap A C A D A A C B D 10 B Part 3: Read the following passage about the human immune system and choose the best answer (A, B, C, or D) according to the text Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided A C A B B 8.A D D B 10 C Part 4: Read the passage and the tasks below 1) iii 2) viii 3) ix 4) vi 5) ii 6) F 7) NG 8) T 9) D 10) A D WRITING Part 1: Describing Chart (20 pts) Contents (13 pts) - The report MUST cover the following points: * Introduce the charts (2 pts) and state the overall trends and striking features (2 pts) * Describe main features with relevant data from the charts and make relevant comparisons (6 pts) - The report MUST NOT contain personal opinions Language use (7 pts) The report: - should demonstrate a wide variety of lexical and grammatical structures, - should have correct use of words (verb tenses, word forms, voice ) and mechanics (spelling, punctuations ) Part 3: Writing essay (30 pts) The mark given to part is based on the following criteria: Organization (5 pts) a Ideas are well organized and presented with coherence, cohesion and unity b The essay is well-structured: * Introduction is presented with clear thesis statement * Body paragraph are written with unity, coherence and cohesion Each body paragraph must have a topic sentence and supporting details and examples when necessary * Conclusion summarizes the main points and offers personal opinions (prediction, recommendation, consideration ) on the issue Content (15 pts) a All requirements of the task are sufficiently addressed b Ideas are adequately supported and elaborated with relevant and reliable explanations, examples, evidence Language use (10 pts) a Demonstration of a variety of topic-related vocabulary b Excellent use and control of grammatical structures (verb tenses, word forms, voice ) and mechanics (spelling, punctuations ) TRANSCRIPT PART Louise wants to join a video library You will hear a conversation between Louise and the owner of the video library At first you have some time to look at questions to Listen carefully to the conversation and answer questions to Louisa: Oh, hello, I'd like to join the video library Man: Okay, would you like to fill in the application form now? Louisa: Yes, I can it now Man:Hold on Can I get a form,Now I'll just ask you a few questions and then I'll get you to sign at the bottom Louisa: Right? Man:What's your full name ? Louisa:Louise Cynthia Jones Man: Jones? Louisa: Yes, that's right Man:Okay And what's your address apartment? Louisa:Apartment 1, 72 Black street Highbridge next street Man:Highbridge it's just around the corner, isn't it? Louisa: Yes Man:Okay, so the postcode is 2085, right? Louisa:Yes, 2085 Man:and your telephone number?I need both home and work Louisa:Home is 98356712 and work is 94561309 Do you need any ID or anything like that? Man:Yes We need your driver's license number, that is if you have one Louisa:Yes, I know it off by heart It's an easy ,2020 BD,do you need to see it? Man:Yes, I'm afraid I Louisa: Here Man:Right? Thanks And could you tell me your date of birth, please? Louisa: 25 July 1977 Man:But could I just ask you a few questions for a survey when conducting? Louisa:Okay PART Interviewer: Today, we'll be talking to two biologists, Ian Cartwright and Angela Sharpe, about conservation and the public's perception of it Now, the message of how important it is to conserve biological diversity is one that has been passed on to the public through education and the media for some time and yet very little seems to have changed, Do you think you are fighting a losing battle in trying to change the public's mindset, Ian? Ian: I wouldn't go that far But I will admit that it's been an uphill struggle to convince people of the value of endangered species and what can happen if they become extinct because of human activity You see, although we know that the loss of a single species can trigger a chain reaction, the impact of that loss is not always immediately apparent and can be unpredictable As such, it's an imprecise science, which makes it difficult to provide the public with the kind of information they will be able to grasp and hopefully act on Angela: I agree it is difficult, but not impossible as we've been able to witness through eco-tourism, which is particularly important in developing countries that cannot afford conservation programmes Because of its direct link to economic and social development, eco-tourism allows local populations to see clearly the benefits of exploiting biological diversity to create a permanent source of wealth rather than destroying it to satisfy short-term needs The success of ecotourism shows that it is possible to conserve diversity when the benefits are clear and within reach Ian: I think that's a fair point Very often in the developed world, people who live in urban sprawls are too far removed from nature to be able to appreciate the extent to which we rely on what it has to offer This was illustrated when economists were first requested to include the environmental factor in their complicated calculations to determine whether a project was economically feasible or not To put a value on the environment, they visited some residents of a city with a lake nearby and informed them that a company was interested in purchasing land next to the lake to build a factory They were also told the factory would probably pollute the lake and in doing so kill every living thing in it Then, they were asked how much they were willing to give to prevent the company from building a factory and therefore conserve the area The amounts were noted, but when the researchers returned to the households to tell the residents the company wanted to go ahead with the purchase, hardly anyone was prepared to pay the sum of money they had pledged As a consequence, the economists concluded that the environment was virtually worthless and could not be factored into their analyses Angela: That story ties in with public perception of what are aptly known as the unrecognised benefits of conserving biodiversity These are the services we receive when ecosystems function normally By that I mean such benefits as chemical cycling - the oxygen produced by rain forests for example, water purification and flood protection These are the kinds of things we take for granted, so we tend not to consider them until an ecosystem together with its ability to provide these services is destroyed and we have to foot the bill to replace them Naturally, you might expect that the high cost of fixing such problems would be enough to make people sit up and heed the warnings about ecological disasters, but you would be wrong This is because of the relatively low proportion of the population that is severely affected by such catastrophes Ian: Yes, again it's a case of people not having to care unless they feel the full effect of an environmental malfunction What they don't realise is that there is always a wider impact of any ecosystem collapse than just the localised one So, keeping all ecosystems intact is obviously the primary aim of all conservation projects with the focus on prevention rather than cure Fortunately, this can be achieved because within any single ecosystem there are species that act as indicators of environmental quality The decline of bald eagles, for instance, told us of the dangers of DDT And more recently, in Florida, largemouth bass have relayed the message that there is mercury contamination in freshwater ecosystems Likewise, the disappearance of sawgrass in freshwater marshes has informed us of nutrient problems in the Everglades Without such environmental monitors, we would not have realised there were contaminants until even more damage was done Angela: So, in answer to your question, I think I can speak for both of us when I say that the key to putting the message across is to get people involved in conservation even if that just means visiting a reserve Thank you both PART 4: Everyone agrees that education is hugely important The thing is we’re not particularly sure what we want from it The aim of education should be to prepare us for the challenges of adult life Yet from this perspective it’s clear that schools fail all but for tiny portions of their students Whether in highly academic private schools Or in deprived government-run ones trouble-dealing with life’s challenges