Iec 62209 1 2016

I E C 62209-1 ® Edition 2.0 201 6-07 I N TE R N ATI ON AL STAN DAR D N OR M E I N TE R N ATI ON ALE colour i n si de M easu rem en t proced u re for th e assessm en t o f speci fi c absorpti on rate o f h u m an exposu re to rad i o freq u en cy fi el d s from h an d -h el d an d bod y-m o u n ted wi rel ess com m u n i cati on d evi ces – Part : Devi ces u sed n ext to th e ear (Freq u en cy ran g e of 300 M H z to G H z) Procéd u re d e m esu re po u r l ' éval u ati on d u d ébi t d ' absorpti on spéci fi q u e d e l ' expo si ti on h u m n e au x ch am ps rad i ofréq u en ces prod u i ts par l es d i sposi ti fs d e com m u n i cati o n s san s fi l ten u s l a m n ou portés près d u corps – Parti e : Di spo si ti fs u ti l i sés pro xi m i té d e l ’ orei l l e (Pl ag e d e fréq u en ces d e IEC 62209-1 :201 6-07(en-fr) 300 M H z G H z) TH I S P U B L I C ATI O N I S C O P YR I G H T P R O TE C TE D C o p yri g h t © I E C , G e n e va , Sw i t z e rl a n d All rights reserved Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester If you have any questions about IEC copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information Droits de reproduction réservés Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'IEC ou du Comité national de l'IEC du pays du demandeur Si vous avez des questions sur le copyright de l'IEC ou si vous désirez obtenir des droits supplémentaires sur cette publication, utilisez les coordonnées ci-après ou contactez le Comité national de l'IEC de votre pays de résidence IEC Central Office 3, rue de Varembé CH-1 21 Geneva 20 Switzerland Tel.: +41 22 91 02 1 Fax: +41 22 91 03 00 info@iec.ch www.iec.ch Abo u t th e I E C The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies Ab o u t I E C p u b l i c a t i o n s The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC Please make sure that you have the latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published I EC C atal og u e - 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webstore i ec ch /csc Si vous désirez nous donner des commentaires sur cette publication ou si vous avez des questions contactez-nous: csc@iec.ch I EC 62209-1 ® Edition 2.0 201 6-07 I N TER N ATI ON AL STAN DAR D N OR M E I N TER N ATI ON ALE colour i n si de M easu rem en t proced u re for th e assessm en t o f speci fi c abso rpti on rate of h u m an expo su re to rad i o freq u en cy fi el d s from h an d -h el d an d bod y-m o u n ted wi rel ess co m m u n i cati on d evi ces – Part : Devi ces u sed n ext to th e ear (Freq u en cy ran g e of 300 M H z to G H z) Procéd u re d e m esu re pou r l ' éval u ati on d u d ébi t d ' absorpti on spéci fi q u e d e l ' exposi ti on h u m n e au x ch am ps rad i ofréq u en ces prod u i ts par l es d i spo si ti fs d e com m u n i cati on s san s fi l ten u s l a m n ou po rtés près d u corps – Parti e : Di sposi ti fs u ti l i sés proxi m i té d e l ’ orei l l e (Pl ag e d e fréq u en ces d e 300 M H z G H z) INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE ICS 33.060.20 ISBN 978-2-8322-3500-3 Warn i n g ! M ake su re th at you obtai n ed th i s pu bl i cati on from an au th ori zed d i stri bu tor Atten ti on ! Veu i l l ez vou s assu rer q u e vou s avez o bten u cette pu bl i cati on vi a u n d i stri bu teu r ag réé ® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale –2– I EC 62209-1 :201 © I EC 201 CONTENTS FOREWORD 1 I N TRODU CTI ON Scope N ormati ve references Terms an d defin i tions 4 Symbols and abbreviations Physical quan ti ties Constan ts 20 Abbreviations 20 M easu remen t system speci fications 20 General requ iremen ts 20 Phan tom speci fications (sh ell and li qu id) 22 H and and device holder considerations 23 Scann ing system requ irem en ts 23 5 Device holder speci fications 23 Ch aracteristics of the readou t electron ics 24 Protocol for SAR assessm en t 24 General 24 M easu remen t preparation 24 Preparati on of tissu e-equ i valen t liqu id and system check 24 2 Preparati on of the wireless device u nder test (DU T) 25 Operating modes 26 Position in g of the DU T in relation to th e ph antom 27 Test frequencies for DU T 34 Tests to be performed 34 M easu remen t procedu re 36 General 36 General procedu re 37 SAR measu remen ts of handsets wi th m u ltiple an tennas or m ul ti pl e transmi tters 39 Post-processing of SAR m easu remen t data 45 I n terpolati on 45 Extrapolation 46 Defin i tion of th e averag ing volu m e 46 Search ing for th e maxima 46 6 Fast SAR testing 46 6 General 46 6 Fast SAR measurement procedure A 47 6 Fast SAR testing of requi red frequency bands 49 6 Fast SAR measuremen t procedu re B 50 SAR test reducti on 52 General requ iremen ts 52 Test redu ction for differen t operating modes in the same frequency band u sing th e same wireless techn olog y 53 Test redu ction based on ch aracteristi cs of DU T desig n 54 Test redu ction based on SAR l evel an alysis 55 I EC 62209-1 :201 © I EC 201 –3– Test redu ction based on simu l taneous mu l ti-band transmission considerati ons 57 U ncertain ty estimation 58 General considerations 58 Concept of u ncertai nty estimation 58 Type A and Type B evalu ati on 59 Degrees of freedom and coverag e factor 59 Components tribu tin g to uncertainty 60 General 60 2 Calibration of th e SAR probes 60 Contribu tion of mech anical constraints 65 Ph antom shell 66 Device posi ti on in g an d holder u ncertain ties 67 Tissue-equ ivalent l iqui d parameter u ncertain ty 69 7 U ncertain ty in SAR correction for deviations in permi ttivi ty and conductivi ty 72 M easu red SAR drift 74 RF am bi en t conditi ons 75 Contribu tion of post-processin g 76 1 SAR scali ng u ncertai n ty 81 2 Deviation of experim en tal sou rces 82 Other u ncertain ty contribu tions when using system validation sources 82 Calcu lation of the u ncertain ty bu dget 83 Combined and expanded u ncertain ties 83 M aximu m expanded u ncertain ty 83 U ncertain ty of fast SAR m ethods based on specifi c measu remen t procedu res and post-processin g techn iqu es 92 General 92 M easu remen t u ncertain ty eval u ation 92 M easu remen t report 01 General 01 I tems to be recorded in th e m easurem ent report 01 An nex A (n ormati ve) Phantom specifi cations 04 A Rationale for the SAM ph an tom sh ape 04 A SAM phantom speci fications 04 A General 04 A 2 Ph antom shell 08 A Flat ph an tom specifications 1 A Tissu e-equ ivalen t l iqu ids 1 An nex B (n ormati ve) Cal i bration an d ch aracterization of dosim etric probes 1 B I ntrodu ctory remarks 1 B Lin earity 1 B Assessmen t of the sensitivi ty of the dipol e sensors 1 B General 1 B Two-step cali bration procedures 1 B 3 One step calibrati on procedu res 20 B Coaxi al calorim eter method 24 B I sotropy 26 B Axi al isotropy 26 –4– I EC 62209-1 :201 © I EC 201 H em isph erical isotropy 26 B B Lower detecti on l im it 31 B Bou ndary effects 31 B Response tim e 31 An nex C (n ormative) Post-processing techn iqu es 32 C Extrapolation and in terpolation schem es 32 C I n trodu ctory remarks 32 C I n terpolati on sch emes 32 C Extrapolation schemes 32 C Averag ing sch em e an d m aximu m findin g 32 C Volu me averag e sch em es 32 C 2 Extru de m eth od of averag in g 32 C M aximu m peak SAR findin g an d uncertainty esti mation 33 C Example implemen tation of param eters for scann ing an d data evalu ation 33 C General 33 C Area scan measurement requ irements 33 C 3 Zoom scan 33 C Extrapolation 34 C I n terpolati on 34 C I n teg rati on 34 An nex D (n ormative) SAR measurement system veri fication 35 D Overview 35 D System check 35 D Pu rpose 35 D 2 Ph antom set-up 36 D System check source 36 D System check source inpu t power measu remen t 37 D System check procedure 38 D System validation 39 D Pu rpose 39 D Ph antom set-up 39 D 3 System validation sou rces 39 D Reference dipole in pu t power m easu remen t 40 D System validation procedu re 40 D N u merical target SAR valu es 41 D Fast SAR method system validation and system check 44 D General 44 D Fast SAR method system validation 44 D Fast SAR method system check 45 An nex E (n ormati ve) I n terl aboratory comparisons 46 E Purpose 46 E Phan tom set-u p 46 E Reference wi reless handsets 46 E Power set-up 46 E I nterlaboratory comparison – Procedu re 47 An nex F (in formative) Defin i tion of a phantom coordinate system an d a device under test coordinate system 48 An nex G (in formati ve) SAR system validation sources 50 I EC 62209-1 :201 © I EC 201 –5– Standard dipole sou rce 50 G G Standard waveg u ide sou rce 51 An nex H (informati ve) Flat phan tom 53 An nex I (in formative) Example reci pes for phan tom h ead tissu e-equ i valen t liqui ds 56 I.1 Overview 56 I.2 I ng redien ts 56 I.3 Tissu e-equ ivalen t l iqu id formu las (permi tti vity/conducti vity) 57 An nex J (in formative) Measu remen t of the dielectric properti es of l iqu ids and u ncertai n ty esti mation 60 J.1 I ntrodu ctory remarks 60 J.2 M easu remen t techn iqu es 60 J General 60 J 2 I nstru m entation 60 J General principles 60 J.3 Slotted coaxi al transm issi on l ine 61 J General 61 J Equ ipmen t set-up 61 J 3 M easu remen t procedu re 61 J.4 Con tact coaxi al probe 62 J General 62 J Equ ipmen t set-up 62 J M easu remen t procedu re 64 J.5 TEM transm ission l ine 64 J General 64 J Equ ipmen t set-up 64 J M easu remen t procedu re 65 J.6 Dielectric properties of reference li qu ids 66 An nex K (i n formative) Measurement u ncertai n ty of specific fast SAR meth ods and fast SAR examples 69 K General 69 K M easu remen t uncertain ty evalu ation 69 K General 69 K 2 Probe calibration an d system cal ibrati on dri ft 70 K I sotropy 70 K Sensor posi tion in g u ncertainty 71 K Sensor location sensi ti vi ty 71 K M u tu al sensor cou pl in g 72 K Sensor cou pli ng with th e DU T 72 K M easu remen t system imm un i ty / secondary reception 72 K Deviations in phan tom sh ape 72 K Spati al vari ation in di el ectric parameters 73 K Fast SAR examples 78 K General 78 K Example : Tests for one frequ ency band and mode 79 K 3 Example 2: Tests over mu l ti pl e frequ ency bands and m odes 83 K Example 3: Tests for one frequ ency band and mode (Procedu re B) 86 K Example 4: Tests over mu l ti pl e frequ ency bands and m odes (Procedu re B) 90 An nex L (in formati ve) SAR test redu ction su pporti ng in form ati on 94 –6– I EC 62209-1 :201 © I EC 201 General 94 L L Test reduction based on ch aracteristi cs of DU T desig n 94 L General 94 L 2 Statistical an alysis overview 94 L An alysis resu l ts 95 L Concl usi ons 98 L Expansion to mu l ti transmission an ten nas 98 L Test redu ction based on anal ysis of SAR resul ts on oth er sig n al m odu lati ons 98 L Test reduction based on SAR level an al ysis 200 L General 200 L Statistical an al ysis 201 L 3 Test redu ction applicability example 204 L Other statisti cal approach es to search for the hig h SAR test conditi ons 205 L General 205 L Test redu ctions based on a desig n of experim en ts (DOE) 205 L An alysis of u nstructured data 206 An nex M (informati ve) Applyin g the h ead SAR test procedures 207 An nex N (informati ve) Stu di es for poten ti al han d effects on head SAR 21 N.1 Overview 21 N.2 Backg rou nd 21 N General 21 N 2 H and phan toms 21 N.3 Su mm ary of experim en tal stu dies 21 N General 21 N Experimen tal studies u sin g fu lly compl ian t SAR m easu remen t systems 21 N 3 Experimen tal studies u sin g oth er SAR m easu remen t systems 21 N.4 Su mm ary of compu tational stu di es 21 N.5 Concl u si ons 21 An nex O (in formati ve) Qu ick start g ui de 21 O General 21 O Qu ick start g u ide h ig h level flow-chart 21 Bi bli og raphy 21 Fi g ure – Vertical and horizon tal reference l in es and reference Points A, B on two exam ple devi ce types: a fu l l tou ch screen smart phon e (top) and a keyboard h andset (bottom) 29 Fi g ure – Cheek posi tion of the wirel ess device on the left side of SAM wh ere the device shall be m n tained for th e phan tom test set-up 32 Fi g ure – Tilt posi tion of th e wireless device on th e l eft si de of SAM 32 Fi g ure – An alternati ve form factor DU T an d stan dard coordin ate and reference poi n ts appl ied 33 Fi g ure – Bl ock diag ram of the tests to be performed 36 Fi g ure – Orien tation of th e probe with respect to th e lin e norm al to the ph antom su rface, shown at two different locations 39 Fi g ure – Measu remen t procedure for di fferen t types of correlated sign als 45 Fi g ure – Th e Fast SAR measuremen t procedure B 52 Fi g ure – Modified chart of 57 I EC 62209-1 :201 © I EC 201 –7– Fi gu re – Ori en tation and su rface of the averag ing volu me relative to th e ph an tom su rface 81 Fi g ure A – I l lu stration of dimensi ons in Table A and Tabl e A 05 Fi g ure A – Close-u p side vi ew of phan tom sh owing the ear reg ion 07 Fi g ure A – Si de view of the ph an tom showin g relevan t marking s 07 Fi g ure A – Sagi ttal l y bisected phantom wi th extended peri meter (sh own placed on its side as u sed for device SAR tests) 09 Fi g ure A – Picture of the ph an tom sh owi ng th e cen tral strip 09 Fi g ure A – Cross-sectional vi ew of SAM at the reference plan e 1 Fi g ure A – Dim ensions of the el li ptical phan tom 1 Fi g ure B – Experi men tal set-u p for assessm en t of the sensitivi ty (con version factor) usin g a verticall y-orien ted rectang u lar waveg u i de 1 Fi g ure B – I l lu stration of the an tenn a gain evalu ati on set-u p 21 Fi g ure B – Schematic of the coaxial calori meter system 25 Fi g ure B – Set-u p to assess spherical isotropy devi ation in tissue-equi valent l iqui d 27 Fi g ure B – Al tern ative set-u p to assess spherical isotropy deviation in tissu eequ i valen t liqu i d 28 Fi g ure B – Experi men tal set-u p for th e hem ispherical isotropy assessment 29 Fi g ure B – Con ven tions for di pole position ( ξ ) and polarizati on ( θ ) 29 Fi g ure B – Measuremen t of hemisph erical isotropy wi th reference an ten na 30 Fi g ure C – Extru de meth od of averag i ng 33 Fi g ure C – Extrapolation of SAR data to the inner su rface of th e ph antom based on a fou rth -order l east-squ are pol ynomi al fi t of the m easured data (squ ares) 34 Fi g ure D – Test set-u p for the system check 37 Fi g ure F – Example reference coordin ate system for th e left ERP of th e SAM phan tom 48 Fi g ure F – Example coordinate system on the device under test 49 Fi g ure G – M ech an ical details of the standard dipole 51 Fi g ure G – Standard waveg u ide sou rce (di mensions are according to Table G 2) 52 Fi g ure H – Dim ensions of the flat ph an tom set-u p u sed for derivi ng the m i ni mal phan tom dim ensions for and for a g iven phan tom depth 54 Fi g ure H – FDTD predicted uncertain ty in th e g peak spatial-averag e SAR as a fu ncti on of th e dim ensions of the flat phan tom compared with an in fin i te fl at phan tom, at 800 MH z 54 Fi g ure J – Sl otted l in e set-up 61 Fi g ure J – An open-ended coaxial probe wi th inner and ou ter radii and , respecti vel y 63 Fi g ure J – TEM l in e dielectric test set-up [1 43] 65 Fi g ure K – SAR values for twel ve hypothetical test fig u rations m easu red in the same frequ ency ban d and modu lation (e g GSM 900 M H z) u sing a h ypoth etical fu l l SAR (fu l l SAR) and two fast SAR (fast SAR and fast SAR 2) evalu ations 78 Fi g ure L – Distribu tion of "Ti lt/Ch eek" 95 Fi g ure L – SAR relative to SAR in posi tion wi th m aximu m SAR in GSM mode 200 Fi g ure L – Two poin ts iden tifyi ng the imu m distance between th e position of the in terpolated m aximu m SAR and th e poi n ts at 0, × max 201 W L D a D SAR b SAR Fi g ure L – H istog ram for m in in th e case of GSM 900 and iso-l evel at 0, × max 202 Fi g ure L – H istog ram for ran dom vari able 1800 203 Factor g –8– I EC 62209-1 :201 © I EC 201 Fig u re O – Quick gu ide flow-chart 21 Table – Area scan parameters 38 Table – Zoom scan parameters 38 Table – Example method to determi ne the combin ed SAR valu e using Alternati ve 43 Table – Threshold val ues TH ( f) used in this proposed test redu ction protocol 56 Table – Example uncertain ty template an d exam ple n umerical valu es for dielectric constan t ( ε r′ ) an d ductivity ( σ ) measu rem en t 71 Table –U ncertain ty of Form u la (41 ) as a function of th e maxi m um ch ang e in perm i ttivi ty or du cti vity 73 Table – Parameters for th e reference fu nction f1 in Formu la (48) 77 Table – U ncertainties rel ating to the deviations of the parameters of th e standard waveg u ide sou rce from th eory 82 Table – Oth er u ncertain ty tributions relating to the dipole sou rces described in An nex G 83 Table – Other u ncertain ty tribu tions relatin g to th e standard waveg ui de sou rces described i n An nex G 83 Table 1 – Example of m easu remen t uncertain ty evalu ation template for h andset SAR test 85 Table – Example of m easu remen t uncertain ty evalu ation template for system validation 88 Table – Example of m easu remen t repeatabi li ty evalu ati on template for system check (applicabl e for one system) 90 Table – M easu remen t uncertain ty bu dg et for rel ative fast SAR tests 97 Table – M easu remen t uncertain ty bu dg et for system check u sin g fast SAR methods 99 Table A – Dim ensions used in derivi ng SAM phan tom from th e ARM Y 90th percen til e m ale h ead data (Gordon et al [56]) 06 Table A – Addi tional SAM dimensions compared with selected dim ensions from the ARM Y 90th-percentile male head data (Gordon et al [56]) – specialist h ead m easu remen t secti on 06 Table A – Dielectric properties of th e head tissu e-equ ivalent l iqu id 1 Table B – U ncertain ty analysis for transfer cal ibration usi ng temperature probes 1 Table B – Gu ideli nes for desig ni ng calibration waveg u ides 1 Table B – U ncertain ty analysis of th e probe cali bration in wavegu ide 20 Table B – U ncertain ty template for eval u ation of reference antenn a gain 22 Table B – U ncertain ty template for cal ibrati on using reference an tenna 23 Table B – U ncertain ty componen ts for probe cal ibration using thermal meth ods 26 Table D – N u merical target SAR valu es (W/kg) for standard dipole an d flat phan tom 42 Table D – N u merical target SAR valu es for waveg u ides specifi ed in Clau se G placed in tact with fl at phan tom [94] 43 Table G – M ech an ical dimensions of the reference dipoles 50 Table G – M ech an ical dimensions of the standard wavegu ide 52 Table H – Param eters used for calcu lation of reference SAR valu es i n Table D 55 Table I – Su gg ested recipes for ach ievin g targ et dielectric parameters: 300 MH z to 900 MH z 57 Table I – Su gg ested recipes for ach ieving targ et dielectric parameters: 450 MH z to 000 MH z 58 – 460 – I EC 62209-1 : 201 © I EC 201 Tableau O.1 – Guide de démarrage rapide: Étapes d'évaluation du DAS Ph ase Li ste de contrôl e du pl an d'éval u ati on P l an i fi cati o n des Étapes d'éval u ati on – Qu el – E xam e n p ri s e s Confi g urati on du DU T des en d i spos i ti f est Qu el l es – Travai l l e r son t bon n es en c o u rs Il est l es d an s et ou po s i ti o n s des en d ' é val u ati o n ? Rem pl i r et de de l ab o rato i re é val u ati o n s m e s u re r d ’ e n re g i s t re r les tech n o l o g i es s an s fi l pl an DU T Il est n é c e s s a i re fo n cti o n n e m e n t Le p ro to co l e co n d i ti o n s de les de et s u i vre l ab o rat o i re des de étapes a P ré p a rati o n le D AS fo n cti o n n e m e n t l es d i é l e c t ri q u e s Il du co n vi e n t de l ’ e ffectu e r s ys t è m e essen ti el l es du afi n de s ys tè m e d é fi n i t qu’il b de c ré e r l e s tou tes co n vi en t de vé ri fi e r l e (An n e xe l es bon avan t Les e s s s du du par de e t /o u DUT d’une p ro to co l e d es par fo n cti o n n e can au x rap p o rt en RF i n t e rn e est un l es La que co n fi g u ré c o rre ct e rayo n n e de po si ti o n n é du l o rs q u ' i l co n tre co m pte, D AS est la est D AS d o i ve n t et appl i cab l e s au fan tôm e ; fo n cti o n ê tre de la e ffectu é s m od es p ro c é d u re i t é t i v e m axi m al ré al i s é de – il e xi ste co n d i ti o n de pou r l ’ ensembl e fo n cti o n n e m e n t des du ré e l l e de m e s u re de D AS pou r s ’ as s u re r m o ye n n é d’un que la D é te rm i n ati o n val e u r l a DU T est pl u s un p ro c e s s u s ad é q u ate, et modes ban d e s de de s ys t é m ati q u e l ’ en sem bl e des fo n cti o n n e m e n t fré q u e n ce s (voi r l a p re n an t As s u re r Il en e xi s te pou r a u ti l i s an t des ou R éd u cti o n D AS d ’ e s s rapi d e s péci au x, en le que – un de en sem bl e d es e n sem bl e p e rm e t t a n t un pe u ven t est de D AS , facu l tati f dim i nu er de ou le rap p o rt com m e u ti l i s és u ti l i s é es de p ro c é d u re s p o u r ré d u i re d ’ e ffe ctu e r le (6 7) tech n i q u es d ’ a l g o ri t h m e s tem ps acce ptabl e de m e s u re d ' i n c e rti tu d e de tou t m e s u re (6 6) – Tran s m i s s i o n des ban d es m u l ti ban d e de s i m u l tan ém e n t a Ap p ro ch e Somme pl u s ( d es si m pl e D ' au tre s f la s u p é ri e u re b , f , pl u s etc ) , val e u rs m s m u l ti pl es la – l o rs q u ' u n d esti n ées p ro c é d u re DUT ag rè g e fo n cti o n n e r s u i van te s ' appl i q u e: p ru d e n te : la de D AS pl u s m axi m al p ru d e n te m o ye n n é pou r – m éth od e d é te rm i n e r la l i m i te ( vo i r ) ; ap p ro ch e s 5, s i m u l tan é e fré q u e n ce s 3 son t d é c ri t e s en D AS p i d e si g n ée ê t re 3, D AS 4, la la de la d ’ essai e n re g i s tré e 5) m e s u re n é c e s s re s pé ci al e s n i veau de d an s (6 4) facu l tati f don nées qu’il m éth od es m n te n an t qui ré d u cti o n du d i s po si ti f F i g u re com pl et p ro c e s s u s – un d ' é val u ati o n s s péci al e s, D AS re co n n u e s accé l é re r s u r l ' an al ys e n o m b re b s ys tè m e tech n i q u es ré d u i re basées un en po si ti o n s , du de él evé pl u s re te n u e É val u ati o n co m pl è te d e D AS – m e s u rag e d e D AS n o r m a l i s ộ exi g ộ les par faỗo n c o n fi g u rati o n s to u tes est le fan tô m e j u s ti fi cati o n est et m an i è re (6 3) p ro c é d u re Cel a DUT f ré q u e n c e s P ro céd u re – le de (6 4) i d e n ti fi é s ph as e é l evé e sel on m an i è re le – de p ro j e t ré p é te r ap p ro p ri é e capabl e n é c e s s re s sur le S ’ as s u re r de l ’ essai n exi on d 'es sai fo n cti o n n e m e n t d é fi n i e s DUT un pou r q u ’ i l co n fi g u rat i o n s d i s pos i ti f Ce tte DUT pos i ti o n s p o s i ti o n s , – du P o s i ti o n n e m e n t d ' e xp o s i ti o n d ou co n d i ti o n s a p p ro p ri é e s p l u s i e u rs par l ’ établ i sse m e n t de un p e rm u tati o n s s o u m e ttre et D 2) i n cl u en t: DUT ré s e au C o n fi g u ti o n d ’ es sai c du au (6 3) n é ce ss re s p ro p ri é t é s com pos an ts d ' é val u ati o n de Le s de g é n éral e d e d ’ é val u ati o n pou r se donn ées co n trô l e r de rap p o rt co m m e n cer – s i m u l ate u r Procédu res de mesure de DAS l i s te par appl i cabl e s? d o cu m e n tati o n s l es d es P ré p a ti o n du la co m bi n s o n d ’ e s s co n d i ti on s et e ffectu e r n é c e s s a i re liquide i n c o rp o ré e s seul es p rati q u e s p ré p are r – an te n n es ch arg e , – m e s u re Acti ons prél i mi nai res et Vérifi cati on du système de mesure de c o n t rô l e c o n fi g u rati o n s de type Acti on et d an s s'ils ou est on t un été I EC 62209-1 : 201 © I EC 201 – 461 Ph ase Éval u ati on d e l ’ i n certi tu d e – Étapes d ' éval u ati on Des l i g n es Arti cl e 7) , d i re c t ri c e s p e rm e tta n t l ' i n c e rti tu d e et fo rm u l e s l ' e s ti m ati o n Acti on d ’ ap p ro xi m ati o n de ch aq u e son t fo u rn i e s co m po san te (voi r D é te rm i n e r l ' i n c e rt i t u d e de com pl éter i n d i vi d u e l l e et le tabl e au d ' i n ce rti tu d e s Le bi l an en ce d ’ i n ce rti tu d e qui co n ce rn e le doit co u vri r l a m até ri e l pl ag e u ti l i s é de d an s le fré q u e n c e s s ys tè m e ap p ro p ri é e D AS Tabl e au e ss s – Le p p o rt fi n al s u ffi s am m e n t ré p é tabi l i té des c o m p arai s o n d é c ri t l es ré s u l t a t s d ’ i n fo rm ati o n s é val u ati o n s ave c la l i m i te d es é val u ati o n s , tech n i q u es et ré al i s é e s appl i cabl e et rap p o rte ( vo i r Art i cl e les pou r les fi n al la ré s u l tats en des et La la p ro d u cti o n co n fo rm i té du la rap p o rt d ' es sai p ré s e n te ti en t N o rm e li eu de d é m o n s trati o n de e s s s de D AS ) le p p o rt te n i r é n u m é ré e s 8) de Tabl e au com pte exi g en ces l ’ Arti cl e – le P ré p are r fo u rn i t p o u r p e rm e tt re (voi r l e pou r l es co m pl e ts D AS p i d e s Rapport d es résu l tats d e D AS 1 – 462 – I EC 62209-1 : 201 © I EC 201 B i b l i o g rap h i e [1 ] Arai , M.J., B i n n e r, ro u g h n e s s p ro b e [2 ] E l e ctro n Q , p o rtab l e G aray, –4 , Bao , J Z, b i n ary vo l [4] 04, B e ard , B B , et to E l e c tro m a g n B i t - B ab i k, co rre c t to G., [6 ] B i t - B a b i k, [7] B i t- B abi k G , P e ak F re q u e n c y [8 ] vo l [9 ] 46, no Bolomey 5, J C , to th e [1 ] B , R e l ated [1 2] [1 3] Ch ou , C - K , C h ri s t , A , of [1 4] A , vo l 54, no pp 5, pp to s am p l e using s u rface a co axi al 1 5-1 Ve h e n e rg y e xp o s u re Tech n o l , vo l of 44, th e no 3, M i cro wa ve e th an o l J d i e l e ctri c Ch em ch arac te ri z a ti o n of P h ys , M ar 2, 996, M obi l e M od els Phone of th e I n d u ce d H u m an S AR H e ad in th e I EEE S AM Tran s M ay 20 of GH z: an d S AR in S u m m ary S AM Chou of S AM p h an to m co m pari s o n June R D , S tu d y P h as e C - K , M ed i a An te n n as 722-725, III, an d o f th e Apri l " S e n s i t i vi t y U sed an d an ato m i cal l y re s u l ts " , re p o rt fo r 201 o f th e S p a t i a l - Ave g e C o m pl i an ce P ro p ag ati o n Te s ti n g S oci ety in th e I n te rn ati o n al 2002 An p ro b e n e a r- fi e l d E x p o s u re T J h u m an Bo tte , S ki n fi xe d i m p ro ve d IEEE Tran s an d M.J, te ch n i q u e I n s tru m e n G u y, fo r p e rm i tti vi ty M e as , Oct 997, 2000, fro m A W H u m an on an d 300 K, th e of EM C, 35, no of th e An a t o m y 3, S o rre n to , pp d ata I tal y, fo r 261 -273, H an d : An ato m y" , e val u ati o n : E l e ctro m ag n e ti c C l i n i cal Th e 2002 d e s cri b i n g 992 R e l ati o n s h i ps O rth o pae d i cs an d L u k, K H , Fo rm u l as B i o e l e ctro m ag , H.U M odel s E ffe c ts of fo r for 984, Ku s t e r , and S AR p re p ari n g vo l , N., pp N u m e ri cal As s e s s m e n t E l e ctro m ag n e ti c ph an to m 435-441 an d P ro ce e d i n g s Fi el d s , H e kl i o n , 234- 240 A , S am aras , fa r- fi e l d MHz 8 –2 , e xp o s u re at " An th ro p o m e tri c vo l G e rb e r, H ead B i o l o g i cal pp h u m an 993 P o ko vi ć, of S A , Osseou s rad i o fre q u e n c i e s N., fo r p re s e n te d W o r ks h o p E rg o n o m i cs an d 22-1 26, G W , G o l d s te i n , " S u rface C re as e s 296, tech n i q u e s an te n n as " , E val u ati o n h an d " , e l e c tro m ag n e t i c pp M GH z", an d H u m an Oct n g e C C , co m p a ri s o n coaxi al W o r ks h o p of 2, Tran s C o m pu te d 2, P o l l ard , a Kl i n g e n b ö c k, d e pe n d e n ce fre q u e n c y 3, C o m p ari s o n G re e ce , C h ri s t, vo l a t vari o u s M illennium Kre ta , E l e ctro m a g n e ti c an d P ara m e te rs C h a va n n e s , E x p e ri m e n tal T , I EEE C o rre c t no B al l en " E ffi c i e n t Chen , ti ssu e no due o b tai n e d 093-1 099 R e s e arch , m u scl e e rro rs m e as u re m e n ts 32, R e vi e w o f th e – an d an d P al m ar of M H z –5 of th e W D B e twe e n A , Arm s tro n g , ki n e m a t i c s Bu g bee, 48, 300 m obi l e E n vi ro n m e n t a n d Bu ch h o l z, at u sin g pp Appl i cati o n s [1 ] vo l D i e l e ctri c D V m e as u re m e n ts D avi s , m e th an o l , An a to m i c al l y F arao n e , D i g e s t, B l a c kh a m , an d S u m m ary an d th e E s ti m ati n g O cto be r 0 Ran g e S ym po s i u m M an n i n g , C o m p ari s o n s in SC1 , to vo l te l e p h o n e s " C o m p u tati o n al G., S AR al , m odels TC 995, an d T E , p e rm i t ti vi ty 4441 -4450 C o m pat , h e ad I CES O , 9, wa te r, pp th at J an M L , of 2, C ro s s , 995 S wi co rd , no an d com pl ex ce l l u l ar Au g m i x tu re s P h an to m [5 ] Lett , u s e rs of G P , m i cro wa ve Bal zan o , pp [3 ] in to T , GH z M ay 20 G o i ce an u , abs o rp ti o n I EEE on C , bod y Tran s an d ti ssu e Ku s te r, N., com pos i ti on M i cro wa ve Th e o ry Th e in th e Te ch n , I EC [1 ] 62209-1 : 201 C h ri s t, © I EC A , S am aras , e l e ctro m ag n e ti c ran g e 201 fro m 30 – 463 T , Kl i n g e n b ö c k, n e ar- fi e l d MHz to ab s o rp t i o n 6000 MH z, – A , in an d Ku s te r, l aye re d P h ys i cs in N., b i o l o g i cal M ed i ci n e C h aracte ri z ati o n ti ss u e an d in th e of th e fre q u 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2009 m e as u re m e n t s i m u l ati o n i n te rl ab : of fi n al a C AD re p o rt" , Au g u s t 1 I EC A , "H an d M T 62209, E ffe ct I EEE M Y , an d th e of e ffe c t m e as u re m e n t i n te rl ab : C o n cl u s i o n s of Dec 201 am p l i tu d e Tran s B u ch e r, of th e Lu e n g as C h an g e I EEE Ch ou , S pe ci fi c M., o ve r i m p act o n S ym m , Wave i n te rn at i o n al on to F a rao n e , P re d i c ti n g fo r i n fl u e n ce i ts aq u e o u s I EEE U n ce rtai n ty: h an d Tra n s C - K , m o d u l ati o n E l e ctro m ag n C , of th e CDMA C o m pat , I S-95 vo l 48, s i g n al no 3, S AR B al l e n , in a E l e c tro m a g n R ate th e M., H u m an B ab i j C o m pat , U se of T M P h an to m vo l an d due 51 , B ro ad b an d M e as u re m e n ts " , Ch ou , to no 2, An in M ay 0 Ti s s u e I EEE C - K , D e vi a ti o n s E q u i val e n t E l e ctro m ag n e ti c J u l y 2007 O fl i , H an d W G , in " E n abl i n g Ab s o rp t i o n C o m pati bi l i ty S ym po s i u m , [2 ] Th e F arao n e , C o m p l e x P e rm i t ti vi ty D o u g l as , an d MT 62209, an d to ph on e Au g u s t 0 M.G., fo r s tati o n Tran s m e as u re m e n ts 552-562, T E , N e w Y o r k: MT 62209, S , I EC ce l l J u l y 201 I n s tru m e n t S o c i e ty o f Am e ri ca, th e p re s e n tati o n C Q , IEEE S , I EC G ab ri e l , S AR Al g o ri th m i ts to h an d to pi n n a j u ve n i l e 2009 p re s e n ta t i o n G ab ri e l , s tu d y" , N al l o , on of o f th e I m pact an d –4 , re l e va n ce m obi l e B al z an o , pp N., ad u l t E l e c tro m a g n e ti c Ap r P ark: 5, Ku s t e r, of H o d g e tts , ed , fo r an d pre s e n tati o n M e as u re m e n t D e t, Di pl an Tri an g l e ph on e th e [2 ] Aq u a m e try: an d no e xp o s u re A P , K r a s z e w s ki , S , h ead s m e as u re m e n t: te s t p re s e n tat i o n [2 4] of th e ce l l u l ar te l e p h o n e s D i e c k, 31 , u s e rs " , As s o c i ati o n , R e s e arc h [2 ] A vo l G re g 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Tra n s of Au s tral i a , an d h u m an I yam a, fo r T , of Lo ss y s tu d i es June N., ti ss u e M i cro wave M ag az i n e , vo l E A - /0 ( re v ) Te s ti n g , M ar 3, E AL [3 ] E van s , S a vai l a b l e an d fo r Te ch , F ara o n e , H am ad a, M e as u ri n g EI A RS-261 -B: 979, D ec A , th e 7, H older on S AR in H ead " , I EC MT Th e of h an d e ffe ct d epen d en ce Th e o ry on S AR in h e ad " , I EC 201 co m p o s i ti o n o f e l e c tro m ag n e t i c in Tech n , Q u arte r , S t te g y 995, vo l F e d e l C o m m u n i cati o n s G u i del i n es Ad d i ti o n al FC C fo r 6, DC, no th e vo l 48, fre q u e n c y no 1 , pp e n e rg y ran g e of 988-1 995, fo r fo r C K S AR pp OET ( WR to Ave rag i n g Ti m e Tran s m i tte r, I EEE of p ro b e of R e s u l ts C al i b rati o n an d 997 d i e l e ctri c at in re fe re n ce d i ffe re n t m a te ri a l s te m p e ratu re s M eas an d B al zan o , Q , I EEE C h arac te ri z a ti o n I n tl S ym p of E l e ctro m ag 749-754 Bu l l e ti n E val u ati n g to T , MIMO WR 0 ) m e as u re m e n ts E xp o s u re E xpo s u re a 721 -1 732 Com m issi on to H u m an H u m an pp On i sh i , of C o m p ara b i l i ty I n te rco m p ari s o n Ch ou , fo r an d R ate 201 open -en d ed 2, 2000, 01 -01 ) I n fo rm ati o n Li m i ts –6 , Ac h i e ve an D O , Was h i n g to n , FC C of p ro b e s C o m pat , (Ed to S Ab s o rp t i o n pp S C , cal i brati o n M cC o y, C Watan ab e , R e ctan g u l ar Wave g u i d e s E - fi e l d Su ppl em en t L , S p e c i fi c M i ch el so n , th e m i n i atu ri z e d [3 ] " S u m m ary B ri s b an e , [3 ] [3 ] N., " I n fl u e n ce Au g u s t 1 2000 D T , Sci N., Ch i n a, S an to m aa, u pon MH z R e q u i re d [3 ] Ku s te r, Ku s te r, A , 300-3000 [3 ] E , Xi ' an , m e e ti n g , abs o rp ti o n N o v O fl i , m ee ti n g , O ffi c e of 65 97- 01 ) , to (Ed E n g i n e e ri n g R ad i o fre q u e n cy C om pl i an ce of M obi l e R a d i o fre q u e n c y an d E val u ati n g Te ch n o l o g y C o m p l i an ce E l e c tro m ag n e t i c an d Em i ssi on s, P o rtab l e D e vi ce s Was h i n g to n , wi th Fi el d s , DC, wi th June 2001 [40 ] F e rre i , P J S G , e xtrap o l ati o n [4 ] Fi eg u th , P W , i n te rp o l at i o n Tran s [4 ] F o rd , C Tran s [4 ] F ran c avi l l a, no 4, W C , R e m o te E tte r, an al ys i s Sens , D.M., an d P ro c , W i l l s ky , s tati s ti cal C i rcu i ts pp vo l 33, Wave l e t S ys S c h i a vo n i , rad i at i o n , –2 , Wo rn Ve ro n a, M., ph on e F ran c avi l l a, Body Si g II: fas t m e th o d s vo l A S Wu n s ch , of an d 41 , pp 280-292, M ar re co n s tru cti o n Dig Sig P ro c , fo r i n te rp o l a ti o n an d 278-3282 C , T O P E X /P O S E I D O N pp bas i s An al o g i t e t i ve N ov 994, M u l ti - re s o l u t i o n s ate l l i te o pti m al al ti m e try I EEE 995 of vo l non u n i fo rm 45, no 8, G., E ffe ct sam pl e d pp d ata 1 65-1 68, 998 ce l l u l ar [4 ] an d N o n - i te ti ve Tran s Karl , an d G eosci I EEE Au g I EEE M an d Au g M arch 21 , B e rto tto , P ro c P , an d M i cro wa ve s , R i ch i ard i , An te n n as an d of th e P ro p ag ati o n , h an d vo l on 48, 2001 S ch i avo n i , D e vi ce s " , I tal y, A , I EE Ap p l i e d 2007 A , " E ffe ct of th e C o m pu tati o n al H an d in S AR E l e c tro m a g n e ti c C om pl i an ce S o ci e ty Te s ts of C o n fe re n ce , I EC [4 ] 62209-1 : 201 © I EC F ran c a vi l l a , M u n ce rtai n ty vo l [4 ] 8, [4 ] an d no 5, F u ku n a g a , G ab ri e l , p ro b e s K , pp [49 ] [5 ] th ei r C pp G ab ri e l , 1 , pp G an d h i , h ead Lau , [5 4] R fo r G re g o ry, an d A P Li q u i d s Y M , fo r p o s t- pro ce s s i n g M i c ro wa ve Com pon Le tt , of G S M /U M T S m o bi l e ph on es", K an d Y a m a n a ka , an d i ts Y , e ffe ct o n " Ti m e S AR " , d epen d en ce EMC E u ro p e of S ym p , E.H , Ad m i ttan ce s p e c tro s co p y models P h ys for M ed open Bi ol , en ded vo l co axi al 39, n o 2, 44, vo l 51 , G ab ri e l , C , 23, Th e pp e rro r an al ys i s 6033-6046, d i e l e ctri c s p e c tru m C , Th e n g e an d F u rs e , C M , tel eph on es no 0, pp R N , F re q u e n c i e s E n g l an d , at of an d as s e s s m e n t of 2006 p ro p e rt i e s ti s s u e s d i e l e ctri c Hz of P h ys to 20 pro p e rti e s GH z, bi o l o g i cal Med of P h ys E l e ct ro m a g n e ti c 835 an d 8 –1 , Tab l e s up to ti ssu es : Bi ol , vo l 41 , bi o l o g i cal Med ti ssu es: Biol , vo l 41 , Oct of th e GH z, a b s o rp ti o n MH z I EEE in th e Tran s h u m an M i cro wave 996 Com pl ex NPL of US R e po rt Arm y Arm y N ati ck R e s e arch D ec 900 P e rm i tt i vi ty M AT 23, of D i e l e ctri c N ati o n al P h ys i cal 2009 An t h ro p o m e try U S U S A, m e as u re m e n t: no d i e l e ctri c G abri e l , C l a r ke , at 2004 D i e l e c tri c 996 G G e n e l m e as u re m e n t, co m pl i an ce m ate ri al s G ran t, th e an d H an d M ass ach u s etts , Gimm S AR W a ke , fre q u e n c y Te d d i n g to n , T M , A , m obi l e N A T I C K /T R - /0 1 , [5 ] fu n cti o n I EEE 996 th e vo l G re i n e r, te s ts , 201 d i e l e ctri c an d W in Th e o ry Te c h n , Lab o rato ry, an d fo r Lazz i , n e ck R e fe re n ce S , Bi ol , 2 –2 , O P , an d R W 2271 -2293, S , in June liquid in M ed m od el s M e as u re m e n t n o T Y A P e ym an , Lau , P aram e t ri c 1 , re fe re n ce 994 an d S , N ew 2002 pl ace G abri e l , II [5 ] C h an , P h ys n o [5 ] Sep 21 83-2200, G ab ri e l , A , co m p l i an ce re d u c ti o n C an ad a, d i e l e ctri c u n ce rtai n ty III [5 ] C , S AR Watan ab e , I tal y, an d in "Ti m e H al i fax, t i s s u e - e q u i va l e n t [48 ] S ch i avo n i , – M ay 0 M., 201 , S o rre n to , – 465 e val u ati o n F ran c a vi l l a , BEM S 201 P e rs o n n e l D e ve l o p m e n t Te ch n i cal an d E n g i n e e ri n g R e p o rt C e n te r, 991 m e th o d of fo rm u l a ti n g I n te rn a ti o n a l th e Sym po s i u m on h u m an ti s s u e si m u l an t EMC, S e n d , J apan , liquid June fo r S AR 2004, pp 561 -564 ) [5 ] G o rd o n , an d C C , W a l ke r , S u m m ary C h u rch i l l , R A , 8 S tati s ti cs D e ve l o p m e n t an d [5 ] G re g o ry, A P R e fe re n ce Te d d i n g to n , C l au s e r, Te ch n i c al E n g i n e e ri n g an d Li q u i d s T , C l a r ke , at R e p o rt R N , N ati o n al of B , U S M as s ach u s e tts , Tab l e s up B rad tm i l l e r, S u rve y to P h ys i cal of th e GH z M cC o n vi l l e , Arm y N A T I C K /T R - /0 4 , C e n te r, F re q u e n c i e s E n g l an d : C E , An th ro p o m e tri c U S U S A, P e rm i tt i vi ty R e vi s e d I an d 989 R e po rt M AT , Labo rato ry, Te bb e tts , M e th o d s Arm y N ati ck R e s e arch , Sep Com pl ex NPL J T , P e rs o n n e l : J an of D i e l e c tri c M ate ri al s 201 2, D i vi s i o n , I SSN 754- 2979 [5 ] G re i n e r, T M , H an d N A T I C K /T R - /0 1 , M as s ach u s e tts , An th ro p o m e try U S U S A, of US Arm y N ati ck R e s e arch D ec 991 Arm y P e rs o n n e l D e ve l o p m e n t an d Te ch n i cal E n g i n e e ri n g R e p o rt C e n te r, – 466 [5 ] H am ad a, L , cal i brati o n S ato , s ys te m As i a- P aci fi c K , I shii, usin g th e S ym po s i u m N., I EC Watan ab e , re fe re n ce on – d i pol e E l e c tro m ag n e t i c S , 62209-1 : 201 D e ve l o p m e n t an te n n a in of th e S i n g ap o re , 201 S AR - p ro b e h e ad - s i m u l ati n g C o m p ati bi l i ty, © I EC liquid, pp 2008 1 6-1 9, M ay 00 [6 ] Hill, N E , Vau g h an , W E , M o l e cu l ar B e h a vi o u r [6 ] I EC 60050 sou s: [6 ] [6 ] I EC ( to u te s l es TR (d i spon i bl e E I A- - B , I CN I RP, [6 ] an g l s R e ctan g u l ar e xp o s u re GH z) I EEE S td I EEE S td D i e l e ctri c P ro p e rt i e s an d ( d i spon i bl e s e u l e m e n t) Wave g u i d e s ( WR to fo r F i e l d - D i s tu rb an ce Com m i ssion t i m e - va ry i n g P h ys , 528, vo l 74, on no WR 0 ) S e n s o rs , N on -I on izin g e l e ctri c, I sh i i , on R e co m m e n d e d Ab s o rp ti o n N., an te n n a R ate M e as u re m e n t Sep S ato , in 4, pp P rac ti ce ( S AR ) – TR - , I EEE S t an d ard 979 R ad i ati o n m ag n e ti c an d –5 2 , 998 P ro te cti o n g u i del i nes e l e c tro m a g n e t i c fi e l d s (U p fo r to in th e Te ch n i q u e s , for D e te rm i n i n g H u m an N ew H e ad Yo rk: th e fro m I n s ti tu te P e ak Wi re l e s s S p at i a l - Ave rag e C o m m u n i cati o n s E l e ctri cal an d E l e ctro n i cs 201 K, H am ad a, L, ti s s u e - e q u i val e n t Watan abe , liquid E l e c tro m ag n e t i c C o m p ati b i l i ty, fo r S , S AR G n cal i brati o n as s e s s m e n t, S i n g ap o re , 2008 pp 1 2- 1 5, in n e ar- fi e l d As i a- P aci fi c M ay, re g i o n of S ym po s i u m 2008 Incertitude de mesure – Partie 3: Guide pour l'expression de l'incertitude de mesure (GUM:1995) Guide I S O /I E C J ensen , M A tran s ce i ve rs 1 3, [7 ] M., 969 C95 -2005, D e vi ce s : [6 ] to H e al th E n g i n e e rs , [6 ] D avi e s , Rein hol d, IEEE Standard for Safety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, kHz to 300 GHz S p e ci fi c [6 7] an d Vocabulaire Électrotechnique International p a rti e s ) , en I n te rn ati o n al l i m i ti n g [6 ] A H , N o s tran d Guidance for evaluating exposure from multiple electromagnetic 62630, sources 300 Van www e l e c tro p e d i a o rg ) M e as u re m e n t P ro ce d u re [6 ] P ri ce , Lo n d o n : Au g J en sen , in 98-3: 2008, an d usin g R ah m at- S am i i , FD TD I EEE Y , P e rfo rm an ce Tra n s An te n n as an al ys i s P ro p ag , of an te n n as vo l 42, n o fo r 8, h an d - h e l d pp 1 06– 994 M A p e rs o n a l an d R ah m at- S am i i , co m m u n i cati o n s Y , EM i n te racti o n P ro ce e d i n g s of th e of h an d s e t I EEE, vo l an te n n a 83, no , an d pp a h u m an 7- 7, J an 995 [71 ] J e n ki n s , on M e as [7 ] Sci J o ke l a , K , p ro b e s in pp [73 ] S , H o d g e tts , re fe re n ce Te c h , K , Ap r J o yn er 201 K , , P , Th e n o an d at C l a rke , R N , au to m ati c 7, pp 691 -702, P u ran e n , 900 an d n e two rk M H z L , P re e ce , D i e l e c tri c an d m e as u re m e n ts cal cu l ab l e g e o m e tri e s J u l y 990 C al i brati o n I EEE A W , an al ys e rs Tran s of s p e c i fi c I n s tru m e n ab s o rp ti o n M e as , vo l rate 47, ( S AR ) no 2, 998 J an g , m e as u re m e n t [74] vo l H yys al o , T E , u si ng wave g u i d e 43 2-438, J o yn e r, liquids I EC J.D., P ark, 62209 C ase to M T1 G B , P a rk, M e e ti n g , E xcl u d e th e Y H , 2nd M o d i fi e d Ft Lau d e rd al e , H an d I EC 62209 22-24 M T1 DUT J an H ol der fo r S AR 201 M e e ti n g , N e wb u ry, 7-9 M ay I EC [7 ] 62209-1 : 201 Kaatz e , J [7 ] U., Ch em Ka a tz e , U., W , ( S AM ) to et po si ti o n i n g [7 ] Kan d a, Sci en ce [7 ] Ka n d a s h o rt pp [8 ] al , M, wi th J an M Y , [8 ] Ki ve n to M., Ku s te r, N n e ar of no [8 ] [8 ] , pp Ku s te r, [8 ] N., Ku s te r, N., Lan cas te r, P Q M., Tran s Lei s te n , O , L e vi n , g l yco l V V P ac k, an d H.D , s u l f o x i d e /w a t e r 5623-5627, fo r th e 989 m an n e q u i n m obi l e ph on e July 2005 an d pp M., 2-D ch arac te ri z a ti o n M H z) of ti s su e As i a- P aci fi c Rad i o 274 for an al yz i n g P ro p ag , an vo l e l e ctri cal l y 28, I ssu e: , G essn er Are a S can s A V Chou I EEE C - K , Tra n s Fas te r M i cro wave Au g u s t 0 th e 300 T , Li n , u se o f re a l m o bi l e m e ch an i s m MH z I EEE D o s i m e tri c J C , fo r G re e ce , K , p ap e r) Eds by ph on es, b i o l o g i cal Tran s e va l u a ti o n I EI CE M obi l e i n cl u s i o n June C u rve E l e ctri ca l l y E ffe ct Ve h J an 201 bod i es Te ch n o l , in vo l th e 41 , of Tran s m obi l e co m m u n i cati o n s Com mu n , C o m m u n i cati o n s vo l E80-B, S afe ty no Lo n d o n : of th e h an d fo r I EC 62209", I EC MT 201 an d S u rfac e Lee, h e ad vo l H S , fo r h an d s e t e xp o s u re G., Y , M i n i a t u re E l e ctro n Le tt , P o d l o v c h e n ko , S t ru kt u rn o i s h o rt C o m pat , of Com m u n , Vard axag l o u , an d pp an th ro p o m o rp h i c An te n n as B al l e n Fro m ( i n vi te d " P ro p o s a l J K , Ch oi , Zh u rn al d i m e th yl d e fi n i ti o n te ch n i q u e s abs o rp ti o n ab o ve Sch m i d , D.G., Tran s u s e r e xp o s u re of 93, (500-2000 2001 , 201 3-2020, E l e ctro m ag n I EI CE N i co l d i s , E.D , S AR e ffe ct d u ri n g S a l ka u s ka , Cam e l l , A K , s p e c i fi c n o ve l Tran s te m p e tu re Fi tti n g : An I n tro d u cti o n N ew Yo r k: 986 I EEE Lee, IEEE E n e rg y Th e s s a l o n i ki , an d an d pp p re c i s i o n J.M., an d [9 ] an d Lad b u ry, A K , vo l F o rm u l a ti o n -4, an d 992 an al ys i s Le e , th e –3 4 , Au g fre q u e n c y s pe ctru m Ch em , a of 989 997 D o u g l as , m ee ti n g , ch arac t e ri s ti cs [9 ] R Bal zan o , & H al l , 8, Q , M ay 97 abs o rp ti o n [8 ] Feb Käs tl e , 645-652, Ku s te r, pp M e n d i vi l an te n n as 5, pp of using n u m e ri cal l o ad H an d Bal z an o , Aca d e m i c P re s s , [8 ] J., kn o w n 62209 [8 ] no e q u i p m e n t wi th C h apm an [8 5] M.G., 52, d i pol e –2 , N., an d M as s - Ave rag e d Ke s h vari of P h ys m e as u re m e n t J apan , n o n l i n e ar vo l an d fi e l d D i e l e ctri c J C K , S AR fu n cti o n 980 Th e o ry Te c h n , [8 ] Ch ou , for T o ky o , D o u g l as D e t e rm i n a ti o n 50, as –3 , M., m odels vo l An al yti cal a pp co m p a ri s o n h ead M., u sed – wate r 4, S ch äfe r, Biol , Bal l en , C o n fe re n ce , –7 , an d of no o f co m p o s i ti o n Med liquids Kan d a , 34, D o s i m e tri c P h ys d i pol e Kan d a R , an ato m i cal M Y , s i m u l ati n g vo l a fu n cti o n – 467 pe rm i tti vi ty D ata, P o tte l , as Kai n z , 201 Com pl ex Eng in m i x tu re s [7 ] © I EC si ze E85-B, an d E TR I Sch m i d , d i po l es vo l T , 34, T L , Kh i m i i , no 1 , 3, pp J K , 24, vo l pp p e rs o n al pp of pp te l e ph o n e 698- 701 , 2, pp B , th e h e ad Au g a re vi s i t e d 2002 e xp o s u re M ar on EM 2002 size Ag b o raw, d i e l e ctri c 970 l o ad , Feb 76-1 79, tel eph on e 628-1 629, 766-767, 38-44, H u m an no R o s e n be rg e r, 7, a n o n l i n e ar , cel l u l ar no P a c k, D i s p e rs i o n vo l fo r wi th no J., d i e l e ctri c- l o ad e d vo l 44, an d Ap r E., S AR 2002 Ku s te r, an te n n as wi th N low 998 p e rm i tti vi ty of e th yl e n e – 468 [9 ] Li , C -H , ph on e 2770 , [9 ] Li , O fl i , E , an te n n a Sep C H , m obi l e C h a van n e s , p e rfo rm an c e Li , Ofl i , E., ph on e C-H , of th e [9 5] Li , RF C h a van n e s , an te n n a D o u g l as , H an d C H , Li , C H , Ph on e Li , S e p t [9 ] of [1 ] th e Lo ad e r, B G, (PI ERS) , Lo w, D A , M ag e e , an d 60, E., th e an d E ffe cts of P ro p ag , 7, P ro pag , h an d vo l © I EC p h an to m 57, n o on 9, 201 m obi l e pp 2763– an d Ku s te r, N., Bal zan o , Q , 2 –2 , B , G abri e l , N., no of P ro p ag a ti o n th e i n fl u e n ce Ku s te r, N., M e ch an i s m s F i n g e rs I EEE of Tran s Ju ly 201 S , C h a van n e s , in pp th e vo l no Ku s t e r, fro m a N., M o bi l e F e b ru ary 2 P h an to m 57, N., H ead 066-1 74, o f H an d P ro p ag , of 201 an d R ate 2, E ffe cts An te n n as Apri l H an d s pp 60, p e rfo rm an c e an d " I n ve s t i g a ti o n M T- , H u m an vo l e ffi ci e n cy An te n n as 2009 Ab s o rp ti o n Ku s te r, Tran s U S A, N., in D e t, N., IEEE n o " S AR pos i ti on s " , PT 62209 S p e c i fi c J W , I n s ti tu te o f S t a n d a rd s M M e r c ke l an d te s t O , M e r c ke l Te s ti n g M e i e r, to h eat fro m M an n i n g 300 M as s ey U K , ( E B E A) , on 9, M obi l e pp Ph on e 2763-2770 , of K , in l ossy M e ye r, Oct F J C , h ead an d an d J -Ch , M., fo r s peci fi c R e s e arch th e 2455, g am m a no an d 6, co m p re s s e d pp of An te n n a d ose d i s tri bu ti o n 2003 of –7 , m o bi l e liquid R e s e arch of an d th e N o v /D e c ph on e M e as u re m e n ts 991 p ro to type an d vapo r N ati o n al S AR u sing a S e m i n a r, " R ap i d C o n g re s s Fi n l an d , A , S ym p I rvi n e , T , an d Tran s S AR of th e m e as u re m e n t E u ro p e an Sep th e D e n ve r, ap pro ach As s o c i ati o n U S A, Ku s te r, N., M i cro wa ve p ara m e tri c 2001 " N e ar- fi e l d of vi a B i o E l e ctro m ag n e ti cs Oct for R api d S AR an d 2003 B ro ad ban d Th e o ry to M e as u re m e n t c al i b ti o n Te ch n , vo l of 44, E - fi e l d no 0, 996 P al m e r, K D appl i cabi l i ty h an d s tan d ard E l e ctro m ag n e ti c J o u rn al te s ti n g on J oi sel S ch m i d , I EEE of pp M P a 96, S AR J -C , Ph ones", m e d i a 9, in Ch i n a s a tu rate d 35 vo l H e l s i n ki , ( AM TA 0 ) , B u r kh a r d t , 954-1 962, e ffi ci e n cy 75-77, M o bi l e fo r arte fact 2002 Bol om ey pp no to Te ch I n te rn a ti o n a l Bolomey o f An te n n as p ro b e s G., ( C v) " R ap i d I EE Bei j i n g , 30, p re s s u re s P , C o axi al P ro g re s s E val u ati o n vo l M a y –2 , th 2009, Te ch n o l o g y, in D , MH z, J F , P h ys , capaci ty an d F l e u ry O , 400 M arch , K at g e o m e try" , P ro c B o wn d s , to 23-27 M ed M o l ar 65 A P kH z D e m ps e y, m e th o d M e as u re m e n t [1 06 ] O fl i , 00 n i tro g e n th e B I EC C h a va n n e s , vo l N., h an d C h arl e s to n , Abs o rp ti o n on G re g o ry S ym po s i u m As s o c i ati o n [1 05 ] Ku s te r, u ser D e rat, E., C h a van n e s , rate pp an d re p o rt to An te n n as abs o rp ti o n m od el i n g ", [1 4] N., An t e n n as 62209-1 : 201 201 L o u g h b o ro u g h , [1 ] M., P e rfo rm a n ce s p h e ri cal [1 ] Ofl i , H an d E , N E Fi el d Tran s Ofl i , co m p ari s o n [1 0 ] Ofl i , Th e o ry Te ch n , I EEE C H , Ku s te r, Tran s d i ffe re n t S AR " , M., D o u g l as , An te n n a [9 ] M., H ead D o u g l as I n fl u e n ce [9 ] on wi th S ym p o s i u m , E l e ctro m ag n e ti c M i cro wa ve [9 ] an d I EC 2009 S o c i e ty I n te rn ati o n a l [9 ] N., I EEE – of S o c i e t y J o u rn al , vo l M i g l i o re , M.D , P arti al t ru n ca te d coaxi al a 6, cabl e of an d th e m obi l e no 2, J ako b u s , m e th o d ph on e pp u s e r 1 –1 , s e l f- cal i b rati o n E l e c tro n of Le tt , U., Ap p l i e d as i n to n u m e ri cal C o m pu tati o n al th e accu racy, d o s i m e try to o l fo r E l e ctro m ag n e ti cs J u l y 2001 m e th o d vo l I n ve s ti g ati o n m o m e n ts 36, fo r no p e rm i tti vi ty 5, pp m e as u re m e n t 275-1 277, J u ly 2000 u sing I EC 62209-1 : 201 [1 ] M i s ra, D , © I EC A M i s ra, D., e l e c t ri c al [1 09 ] – 469 q u as i - s tati c Th e o ry Te c h , [1 08 ] 201 Oct an al ys i s 987, C h ab b , M, vo l l in e: Te ch n , vo l tes t 38, M i sra, D , ended co axi al On of an no th e of pp B R , 8-1 4, IEEE pp J an co axi al M i ro t z n i k, at l i nes I EEE Tra n s M i cro wa ve 925-928 M., m i cro wave cal i brati o n m e as u re m e n t p ro b e 0, m ate ri al s i m pro ve d , o pen -en d ed no E ps te i n , c h a rac te ri z a t i o n co axi al of 35, – an d F o s te r, fre q u e n c i e s te ch n i q u e I EEE K R , u sin g Tran s N o n i n vas i ve an open -en d ed M i cro wa ve Th e o ry 990 of th e M i cro wave co m pl e x Gu ided p e rm i tt i vi t y Wave Le tt , of m ate ri al s vo l 5, no by 5, an pp open - 61 -1 63, M ay 99 [1 ] [1 1 ] M osig , Besson , co axi al Tran s I n s tru m line M o n e b h u rru n , on th e Au g [1 ] J R , ended V , m obi l e V , June V , F E , R e fl e c ti o n m e as u re m e n t of of an m ate ri al s open I EEE 981 A , Wi art, e val u ati o n M F , i n fl u e n ce in P ro c G ati , of 3 rd " I n fl u e n ce ph on es", of M i cro wave V , te M o n tg o m e ry, th e of J., " S tu d y m obi l e A , Wi a rt, h an d An n u a l " S tu d y of th e Opt th e m e as u re m e n ts D C , Son s, N a d a ku d u t i , of th e ph on es", i n fl u e n ce in P ro c of th e U RSI , h an d I s tan bu l , on th e J., " N u m e ri cal s p e c i fi c M ee ti n g of th e an d ab s o rp ti o n e xp e ri m e n tal te e va l u at i o n s B i o e l e c tro m ag n e ti cs S o ci e ty, h an d on Te c h n o l i n fl u e n ce of m obi l e th e s pe ci fi c Le tt , of a vo l C TI A ph on es", in ab s o rp ti o n 54, no h an d P ro c 3, pp te ph an to m BioEM as s e s s m e n ts 654-656, on 201 3, th e 201 spe ci fi c T h e s s a l o n i ki , J., I EEE N ah m an , Kü h n , N S , N e s te ro va M , [1 ] N e ve l s , an d An a l ys i s S , F e h r, M., An te n n as E xp e ri m e n ts fi e l d M., La rs e n , E B m e as u re m e n ts ( th ed i ti o n ) , N ew Yo rk: J ohn M., P o ko vi ć , P ro b e s vo l 54, an d for no 6, pp C rawfo rd , I EEE Tran s K th e an d Ku s te r, N., M e as u re m e n ts 1 95-1 204, M L , I n s tru m D ec M e th o d o l o g y M eas , of vo l E ffe ct of Com pl ex 201 fo r s t an d a rd I M -34, no 4, 985 B u tl e r, medium Fi el d P ro pag , R e vi e w o f H e ad - H an d R D , of D o u g l as , E l e ctro m ag n e ti c Kan d a, D ec [1 ] bi o l o g i cal of Tran s e l e c tro m ag n e t i c 490-503 , Desig n 997 Respon se S i g n al s pp G ard i o l , 201 Diode [1 7] an d 201 M o n e b h u rru n , Wi l e y an d [1 ] G ati , rate M n o n - d e s tru cti ve pp 46-51 , M F , Wo n g , th e ph on es", abs o rp ti o n [1 ] of M o n e b h u rru n , June Wo n g , ab s o rp ti o n M o n e b h u rru n , of m obi l e [1 ] I M -30, to 201 H al i fax, [1 ] G e x- Fab ry, ap p l i cati o n M e as , s p e ci fi c i n ve s t i g a ti o n s of J.C E, an d C M , I EEE an d Tra n s S tu d i e s Ya b l o n , M i cro wa ve b e twe e n W , Th e Th e o ry 997-1 999, an n u l ar Te c h n , slot vo l Ap ri l 201 an te n n a 33, no 4, in pp a l ossy 31 4-31 9, 985 [1 20 ] N i s ka l a K , " M u l ti m od e SA te s t e d u cti o n " , Fi n al fo r E va l u a ti n g an d epo, I EC M T1 m eei n g , T o ky o - J a p a n , M ay 01 [1 ] N I ST TN , M e as u re m e n t Tech n o l og y, G u i del i n es R e s u l ts 994 G a i th e rs b u rg , MD: E x p re s s i n g N ati o n al th e I n s ti tu te U n ce rtai n ty of of S tan d ard s NI ST an d – 470 [1 2 ] N ys h ad am , ended [1 ] A , S i bbal d , s e n s o rs an d C L M i c ro wa ve Th e o ry Te ch n , On i sh i , an d 3-6 T GHz an d re fe re n ce vo l U e b ayas h i fre q u e n cy 40, S , ran g e , S tu ch l y, liquid I EC S S , P e rm i tti vi ty cal i b rati o n no 2, Tran s – an 305-31 4, of ph an to m Com mu n , 62209-1 : 201 m e as u re m e n ts u n ce rtai n ty pp I n fl u e n ce I EI CE – Feb usi ng I EEE 201 open Tran s 992 shell vo l an al ys i s © I EC on S AR E88-B, no m e as u re m e n t 8, pp in –3 , 2005 [1 24] P a rk, K , Jun, Ad d i ti o n al [1 25 ] P a rk, I EC [1 26 ] G B , 62209 Pelosi, s tu d y vo l [1 ] 26-29 [1 ] M., M obi l e O , nd An n u al Tan n é , fo r An te n n as S AR an d A m i cro wa ve Ap r B , on H e ad D e ce m be r, M o d i fi e d Sept M in e ffe ct M T1 , DU T S AR : S i m u l ati o n an d 2009 H older fo r S AR M e as u re m e n t 201 C h ri s t e n s e n , m obi l e ph on es M an d I EEE P e d e rs e n , Tran s G F , An te n n as A g ri p P ro p ag , 2009 th L N G F , Kn u d s e n , M., " U s e r' s Ve h i cu l ar Te ch n o l o g y G n g e a t, C , u sed M ee ti n g , G., I m p act o n C o n fe re n ce , P I F A An te n n as B arce l o n a , Spai n , in te s t June Ngounou , C , ti ssu e " Ti s s u e ben ch e q u i va l e n t G e rm an y, AP 0 , C , "N ew ti s su e 1 -1 6, an d e q u i val e n t D a vo s , G ran g e at, liquids So ci e ty th e C , "N ew M i ll enn iu m Ap ri l for th ch arac te ri z ati o n B i o e l e c tro m ag n e t i cs 2000 liquid", S wi tz e rl an d , e q u i val e n t B i o e l e ctro m ag n e ti cs for l i qu ids", 9-1 4, S AR An n u al re fe re n ce C o n fe re n ce 2000 m e as u re m e n t M eeti n g , at Qu ebec, po s te r P - Ad v a n c e d N r L N , cal i b rati o n G ab ri e l , in M u n i ch , Ah l o n s o u , p ro be 2002, E TH an d p ro b e s P ro p ag a ti o n , an d K , Diss m odes fre q u e n ci e s " , June P o ko vi ć, S ci J.D., 1 -1 P e d e rs e n , Ah l o n s o u , C , C an ad a, " H an d 2009 C , P e ym an , B , PT 62209 Kn u d s e n , I EEE m e as u re m e n t P e rs o n , Le e , J an g , –8 , P e rs o n , on [1 31 ] pp of S AR K , I EC Tu ri n , d ata F r a n e k, Ap ri l an te n n as [1 ] O , an d Ph ones", S oci ety 22 [1 ] 4, K, M ee ti n g F n e k, tal k no Pel osi , in J o yn e r, R e p o rt to J o yn e r, M T1 M., fo r 57, H., Te s ts " , E l e c t ro m a g n e t i c 3334 S wi tz e rl an d , P ro b e s Z u ri c h : fo r N ear S wi s s Fi el d F e d e l E va l u a ti o n I n sti tu te of D o c Te ch Te ch n o l o g y, 999 [1 32 ] P o ko vi ć, p ro b e s K , S ch m i d , in ti ssu e P ro c e e d i n g s [1 33 ] P o ko vi ć, Th e s i s , [1 34] i ts and I CECOM ’ 97 Ka t j a E TH N r C L ap p l i cati o n Ku s t e r, in Ro b u s t at C ro ati a, Oct fo r p re c i s e 2-1 7, p ro b e s fo r 997, o f E - fi e l d c a l i b t i o n co m m u n i cati o n pp fre q u e n c i e s In 20-1 24 n e a r- f i e l d e va l u a ti o n s PhD 999 M i s , m ate ri al s e tu p m obi l e e l e c t ro m a g n e t i c 3334 an d N., liquids D u b ro i k, Ad v a n c e d Zü ri ch , P o u rn a ro p o u l o s , an d T , s i m u l ati n g D K , Th e co - axi al ch a ract e ri z ati o n ap e rtu re M e as Sci e l e c tro m a g n e t i c Te ch , vo l 8, pp sen sor 1 91 -1 202, 997 [1 35 ] P re s s , in P re s s , [1 36 ] W H , F O R TR AN Ram o , F l an n e ry, 77: Th e B P , Art T e u ko l s ky , of S ci e n ti fi c S A an d Ve tte rl i n g , C o m pu ti n g N ew W T , Y o r k: N u m e ri c al C am b ri d g e Reci pes U n i ve rs i t y 992 S , Wh i m m e ry, E l e c tro n i cs N e w Yo rk, J R an d Wi l e y, van 993 D u z e r, T , Fi el d s an d Wa ve s in C o m m u n i cati o n I EC 62209-1 : 201 [1 ] R o ch e r, S AR " , [1 ] F , [1 41 ] S ch ö n b o rn , J an F , [1 43 ] A , an d Tayl o r, An J R , A R in [1 44] U KAS [1 46 ] U KAS [1 47 ] U s tu n e r, K F vo l Vi g n e ras , [1 49 ] Vo n [1 ] V , Th e an d 39, no of H an d P h an to m on D ecem ber 1 , Au to m ate d M i cro wave Ku s te r, M., Fo ri g o to E rro r S au s al i to , D ec N., P h ys , D , C o m pl i an ce th e M e as u re d Ave rag e 2008 E - fi e l d Th e o ry scan n i n g Te ch n , s ys te m vo l 44, fo r n o , Th e vo l no D e pl an o Te s ts " , Th e 2, M., BEM S An al ys i s : C A: d i ffe re n ce 74, pp "A 2005, Th e EM S tu d y of M e as u re e n e rg y Feb P ro c e d u re June U n i ve rs i ty S ci e n ce As s o c i a te s , of 60-1 68, Red u ce th e 2005 U n ce rtai n ti e s B o o ks , of to ab s o rp ti o n 998 M an In P h ys i c al 997 an d Wo m an : H u m an 2001 P an d ti s s u e D ro s s o s , e q u i va l e n t A , M e th o d l i qu ids for acc u t e E l e c tro n m e as u re m e n t Le tt , vo l of 36, no , F e rrai , 7, A , S , in L A , an d of in U n ce rtai n ty Acc re d i ta t i o n D i s cre te pp 41 7- 422, 9-3 U n ce rtai n ty EMC Te s ti n g Fe l th am , U K: U n i te d an d S e rvi ce , spl i n es an d C o n fi d e n ce in M e as u re m e n t 997 spl i n e fi l te rs I EEE Tran s C i rc u i ts J u ly 991 ch arac te ri z a ti o n GH z, fi n al o f bi o l o g i cal re p o rt Fran ce : ti ssu es PI OM e q u i val e n t l i q u i d s Labo rato ry, U n i ve rs i t y in of 2001 D i e l e ctri c M ate ri al s T aki , a rad i o of 2002 E xp re s s i o n Ki n g d o m n g e N o v H i ppel , S e rvi c e , E l ab o rati o n Watan ab e , Wu , an d E xp re s s i o n U n i te d d i s tri b u ti o n Oct N., Tra n s D re yfu s s Wi l e y, Th e fre q u e n c y p o rtabl e Ku s te r, H e al th V a i n i kai n e n , M3003, B o rd e au x, [1 48 ] ed ) , Ac c re d i tat i o n U K: th e of a co m m i tte e , 2000 Fe l th am , S ys t , S AR H e n ry A , LAB , Ki n g d o m [1 45 ] in p e rm i tti vi ty 32-34, M I n tro d u cti o n an d " I m pact I EEE ch i l d re n (2nd Desi g n , To ro p a i n e n , pp an d F ran cavi l l a Ti m e co m p l e x O B , TC - – 996 Qu al i fi cati o n F ac to rs I CES B u r kh a r d t , ad u l ts S ch i a vo n i Ti l l e y, D e t , to E g g e r, M e as u re m e n ts [1 42 ] T , – 471 as s e s s m e n ts 05-1 3, b e twe e n [1 40 ] J u l ien , T , d o s i m e tri c [1 39 ] 201 pre s e n tati o n S ch m i d , pp © I EC M., h ead I EEE N oj i m a, exposed Tran s an d T to Ap p l i cati o n s an d C am b ri d g e , F u j i wa , O , e l e ctro m ag n e ti c M i cro wave Th e o ry M A: M I T P re s s , C h a rac te ri s ti cs fi e l d s d i a te d Te c h n , vo l 44, C S h ao , no by 0, pp of a th e 954 S AR h an d - h e l d –1 8 , 996 T , Ph one’s Li n , S AR R e s e arc h X , Ya n g , J., Zh ao , M e as u re m e n t Sym po s i u m , Xi ’ an , abo u t C , Zh an g , O TA C h i n a, H an d M arch an d P h an to m " , 22-26, _ 201 Q , P ro g re s s " TD - S C D M A in M obi l e E l e ctro m ag n e ti cs I N TE RN ATI O N AL E LE C TR OTE C H N I C AL CO M M I S SI O N , ru e d e Vare m bé PO Box 31 CH -1 21 G e n e va S wi tze rl an d Te l : + 41 Fax: + 22 9 1 22 9 0 i n fo @ i e c ch www i e c ch