Đánh giá và quản lý rủi ro bảo hiểm hoả hoạn của các doanh nghiệp bảo hiểm phi nhân thọ việt nam

3916 TRUONG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN , * * * LAI VAN DIEU DAI HOC KTQD TT THONG TIN TH If VIEN PHONG LUAN AN- TV LIEU DANH GIA VA QUAN LY RUI RO BAO HIEM HOA HOAN CUA CAC DOANH NGHIEP BAO HIEM PHI NHAN THO VIET NAM Chuyen nganh: KINH TE BAO HIEM LUAN VAN THAC SY KINH TE ■ ■ Ngirdi hirdng dan khoa hoc! PGS.TS NGUYEN VAN DINH 7HS 39^ Ha Noi, nam 2009 MUC LUC DANH MUC CAC CHC VIET TAT DANH MUC CAC BANG, SO DO TOM TAT LUAN VAN MO DAU CHUONG 1: CO Sd LY LUAN VE DANH GIA VA QUAN LY RUI RO BAO HIEM HOA HOAN CUA CAC DOANH NGIIIEP BAO HIEM VIET NAM 1.1 RUI RO BAO HIEM HOA HOAN 1.1.1 Khai niem ve hoa hoan va bao hiem hoa hoan 1.1.2 Rui ro bao hiem hoa hoan 1.1.3 Thanh ph an cua rui ro 1.1.4 Nhan dang rui ro 1.1.5 Do ludng rui ro 1.1.6 Kiem soat va tai trp rui ro 1.2 DANH GIA RUI RO BAO HIEM HOA HOAN 1.2.1 Str can thiet khach quan 1.2.2 Noi dung danh gia 10 1.2.3 Co so danh gia rui ro 11 1.2.3.1 He thong tieu chuan v6 nguy co chay, no 11 1.2.3.2 Tieu chuan an toan phong chay 14 1.2.3.3 Tieu chuSn ve chua chay .- 15 1.2.3.4 Yeu to anh hudng den muc rui ro 19 1.2.4 Phuong phap danh gia rui ro 20 1.2.4.1 Tiep nhan, thu thap thong tin ve doi tupng bao hiem 20 1.2.4.2 Kiem tra hien truong 21 1.2.4.3 Lay y kien chuyen gia 21 1.2.4.4 Do ludng rui ro 21 1.2.4.5 Bao cao danh gia rui ro 23 1.3 QUAN LY RUI RO BAO HIEM HOA HOAN 24 1.3.1 Nhan there chung 24 1.3.2 Quy trinh quan lyruiro 24 1.4.D0N BAO HIEM HOA HOAN 26 Khai qaat su dbi va phat trien bao hiem hoa hoan 26 1.4.2 Noi dang chmh cua doh bno hiem hoa hoan 27 CHUONG : THUC TRANG CONG TAC DANH GIA VA QUAN LY RUI RA bao hiem hoa hoan cua cac doanh nghiep bao hiem viet nam 2.1 HOA HONN VA BAO HIEM HOA HONN VIET NAIM 31 1.1 Tinh hinh hoa hoan Viet Nam 11 1.2 Trien khai bno hiem hoa hoan Viet Nam 37 2.1.2.1 Su doi cua nghiep vu bno hiem hoa hoan 37 2.1.2.2 Ket qan trien khai bno hiem hoa hoan Viet Nam 38 2.2 DANH GIA RUI RO BAO HiEm hOa HONN VIET NAM 41 2.2 Tiea chaan su dung danh gia rui ro 41 2.2.1.1 Danh muc doi luong theo cac muc co chay 41 2.2 Kha vuc dia ban va co chay no 43 2.2 Phan chia don vi rui ro va cum rui ro 43 2.2.1.4 Ngay co ben va co ben ngoai 44 2.2 Tiea chadn phong chay chua chay 44 2.2.1.6 Nang luc tai chlnh 45 2.2 Du bao rui ro 46 2.2.2 Phuong phap danh gia rui ro bno hiem hoa hoan 46 2.2.2.1 Giay yea can bno hiem 46 2.2.2.2 Phieu diea tra rui ro 47 2.2.2.3 Bao cao danh gia rui ro 88 2.2.2.4 Qay trinh danh gia rui ro 49 2.2.3 Nhan xet chung 52 2.2.3.1 Ua didm 52 2.2.3.2 Hanche 53 2.3 THUC TRNNG QUAN LY RUI RO BAO HlEM HOA HONN VI$T NAM 54 2.3 Tieu chhan quan 1v rm ro 54 2.3 1.1 Tiea chann ginm tan so rui ro 54 2.3.1 Tiea cl'ninn ginm thiea ton that 55 2.3.1.3 Tieu chuan xu ly rui ro 55 2.3.2 Phuomg phap quan ly rui ro 55 2.3.2.1 Quy trinh quan ly rui ro 55 2.3.2.2 Theo doi nguy co rui ro 57 2.3.2.3 Giam sat tai san bao hiem 57 2.3.2.4 Phuong phap phoi hop 57 2.3.3 Nhan xet 57 2.3.3.1 Uu diem 57 2.3.3.2 Nhuqc diem 58 2.4 MOT SO VI DU MINH HOA 61 2.4.1 Bao hiem khach san Ha long Plaza 61 2.4.2 Bao hiem hoa hoan tai cong ty Hoa chat mo TKV 65 CHUONG 3: GIAI PHAP HOAN THIEN CONG TAC DANH GIA VA QUAN LY RUI RO BII HOA HOAN CUA CAC DOANH NGHIEP BAO HIEM VIET NAM 3.1 YEU CAU VA PHUONG HUONG HOAN THIEN 68 3.1.1 Yeu cAu 68 3.1.2 Phuong hudng hoan thien 68 3.2 GIAI PHAP HOAN THIEN 69 3.2.1 Ve cong tac danh gia rui ro 69 3.2.1.1 Xac dinh ro tieu chuan danh gia 69 3.2.1.2 Thue hien ludng rui ro 75 3.2.2 Ve cong tac quan ly rui ro 91 3.2.2.1 Doi mdi quan diem ve quan ly rui ro 91 3.2.2.2 Chuan hoa quy trinh quan ly rui ro 91 3.2.2.3 Xay dung bo tieu chuan danh gia va quan ly rui ro 100 3.2.2.4 Ho so rui ro 104 3.3 MOT SO Dfi XU AT 104 3.3.1 Hoan thien chuong trinh phSn mem thong ke 105 3.3.2 Thue hien ludng dinh luqng va du bao thong ke 105 3.3.2.1 Phuong phap hoi quy 105 3.3.2.2 Phuong phap dung he so 106 3.3.2.3 Phuong phap phan tlch so sanh 107 3.3.2.4 Phuong phap ma tran cap rui ro 107 3.3.3 Xac dinh ro cac tieu chu^n danh gia 108 3.3.4 Ddu tu cho cong tac danh gia va quan ly rui ro 109 3.3.5 Dao tao doi ngu can bo 109 KET LU AN 110 DANH MUC TAI LIEU THAM KHAO PHU LUC PHU LUC PHU LUC PHU LUC DANH MUC CAC CHO VIET TAT AAA: Cong ty co phan bao hiem AAA ACE Insurance: Cong ty TNHH bao hiem ACE AIG Viet Nam: Cong ty TNHH Bao hiem phi nhSn tho Viet Nam Bao Long : Cong ty co phan Bao hiem Nha Rdng Bao Minh: Tong cong ty co phan Bao Minh Bao Ngan: Cong ty TNHH mot vien Bao hiem Ngan hang thuong mai co phan cong thirong Viet Nam Bao Nong: Cong ty c6 phan bao hiem Ngan hang Nong nghiep va phat then nong thon Viet Nam Bao Tin: Cong ty co phan bao hiem Bao Tin BHHH: Bao hiem hoa hoan Bao Viet: Tong cong ty bao hiem Bao Viet BIC: Cong ty Bao hiem Ngan hang Dau tu va phat trien Viet Nam DGRR: Danh gia rui ro DNBH: Doanh nghiep bao hiem PCCC: Phong chay chua chay PJICO: Cong ty co phan bao hiem Petrolimex PVI: Tong cong ty co phan bao hiem dau khf Viet Nam PTI: Cong ty co phan Bao hiem Bun dien QBE: Cong ty TNHH QBE Viet Nam QLRR: Quan ly rui ro RRHH: Rui ro hoa hoan Samsung Vina: Cong ty lien doanh TNHH Bao hiem Samsung-Vina Toan cau: Cong ty co phdn bao hiem Toan Cau VIA: Cong ty lien doanh Bao hiem Quoc te Viet Nam Vi£n Dong: Cong ty co phdn bao hiem Vi£n Dong DANH MUC CAC BANG So hieu bang Ten bang Trang 1.1 Khoang each nho nhat tir ring nude den cong trinh 17 1.2 Luorng nude chua chay nhieu nha't tinh cho mat chay 18 1.3 Bo tri cong suat binh chua chay vdi moi nguy hiem loai A 19 1.4 Bo tri cong suat binh chua chay vdi moi nguy hiem loai B&C 19 1.5 Thang nguy co cua rui ro 22 1.6 Thang tan so cua rui ro 22 1.7 Sap xep thii tu uu tien cho cac rui ro 22 2.1 Tinh hinh hoa hoan va mire thiet hai hoa hoan gSy 31 khu vuc dan su Viet Nam (2001-2008) 2.2 Tinh hinh chay va thiet hai tren cac dia ban va khu vuc kinh 34 te 2.3 So vu hoa hoan Ion Viet Nam (2002-2007) 35 2.4 Nguyen nhan chay khu vuc dan su Viet Nam (2001- 36 2008) 2.5 Doanh thu va boi thuring nghiep vu bao hiSm hoa hoan va 39 cac rui ro dac biet (2003-2008) 3.1 Bang phat hien va luring rui ro bao hiem hoa hoan 77 3.2 He so nguy co chay cua ca nude 80 3.3 Hau qua quan ly rui ro nghiep vu bao hiem hoa hoan va cac 84 rui ro dac biet (2003-2008) 3.4 Kiem soat nguy co hoa hoan theo nguyen nhan 85 3.5 Do kha nang xay (xac suat hoa hoan) 94 3.6 Do hau qua ton that 94 3.7 Ma tran cap rui ro 3x3 95 3.8 Thuric dinh tinh doi vdi kha nang xay rui ro 95 3.9 Thudc dinh tinh doi vrii hau qua 95 3.10 Ma tran cap rui ro 5x5 96 3.11 Cap rui ro vrii yeu cau quan ly 96 DANH MUC CAC SO DO So hieu so Ten so Trang 1.1 He thong thong tin lien lac bao chay 16 2.1 Quy trinh danh gia rui ro bao hiem hoa hoan 50 2.2 Mo hinh quan ly rui ro bao hiem hoa hoan 56 3.3 Quy trinh quan ly rui ro bao hiem hoa hoan 92 TRlfONG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN * * * LAI VAN DIEU DANH GIA VA QUAN LY RUI RO BAO HIEM HOA HOAN CUA CAC DOANH NGHIEP BAO HIEM PHI NHAN THO VIET NAM Chuyen nganh: KINH TE BAO HIEM TOM TAT LUAN VAN THAC SY KINH TE ■ ■ Ha Noi, nam 2009 Ill Boi thudng hoa hoan hang nam co moi quan he chat che vdi doanh thu; hieu qua kinh doanh phu thuoc vao chat lupng danh gia va QLRR cua mdi doanh nghiep bao hiem Moi nd luc nham giam so vu hoa hoan va mu'c thiet hai hien chu yeu la hd trp tai chinh cho cac phuong tien chua chay va phoi hpp kiem tra an toan PCCC vdi cac luc lupng chuc nang Phuong phap danh gia va QLRR cua cac doanh nghiep bao hiem th nhieu nam khong co gi doi mdi; hau het cac quy trinh va phuong phap dupc chep cua Xet vd ban chat hoat dong mang tinh thu cong, kinh nghiem va chua co cong trinh nghien chu khoa hoc cho viec chuan hoa quy trinh cung nhu ludng rui ro Giai phap hoan thien bat dau tu viec phan nhom theo he thong uu tien cac yeu to nguy co lam co sd nhan dang rui ro Tren cd phan tich tac dong cua cac yeu to va thong tin rut tu thuc tidn de de xuat cac phuong phap ludng, nhu Bang phat hien va ludng rui ro; He so nguy co chay; Hoi quy doanh thu va bdi thudng; Bang kiem soat nguy co hoa hoan theo nguyen nhan va thuc hien cac phuong phap du bao Hoan thien cong tac QLRR th yeu cdu doi mdi quan diem quan ly; theo hoan thien quy trinh quan ly gom Tomdc, de xuat ap dung mot so phuong phap ludng nhu; Do kha nang xay hoa hoan; Do muc ton that va cac cach ket hpp theo ma tran cap rui ro 3x3 hoac 5x5 Bo tieu chuan danh gia va quan ly rui ro hoa hoan la noi dung mdi dupc de xuat giai phap Vdi mdi loai doi tupng xac dinh ro nhung van de can kiem tra va chi ro cac dau hieu nguy hiem lien quan lam co sd cho danh gia va quan ly rui ro BHHH De giai phap trd hien thuc can phai co cac dieu kien la: Hoan thien chuong trinh phan mem thong ke chung theo hudng bO sung them cac yeu cau cu the, chi tiet ve nghiep vu Chu dong tich cuc ap dung cac phuong phap ludng dinh lupng rui ro va du bao rui ro Xac dinh ro cac tieu cuan danh gia va quan ly rui ro de thuc hien thong nha't Quan tam dau tu co sd vat cha't va tai chinh cho cong tac danh gia va quan ly rui ro bao hiem hoa hoan Dieu kien quan nha't de thuc hien giai phap cong la phai chu dao tao, xay dung doi ngu can bo danh gia va quan ly rui ro bao hiem hoa hoan co trinh cao, dap Ung dupc yeu chu nghiep vu xu the hoi nhap hien DANH MUC TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Nguyen Due Anh (2006), Giao trinh phong chay cac thiet bi dien, NXBKH va KT, Ha Noi Bao Viet Ha Noi, Bao cao danh gia rui ro bao hiem hoa hoan (2007), Ha Noi Bo Cong An (2008), He thong tieu chuan an toan phong chay chua chay va cac quy dinh mdi nha't ve phong chong chay,no 2008-2009, NXB Lao dong - Xa hoi, Ha Noi Nguyen Van Cao, Tran Thai Ninh (2002), ly thuyet xac suat va thong ke toan, NXB Giao due, Ha Noi Cue Canh sat PCCC — Bo Cong An, Bao cao tong ket tinh hinh chay no ( 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007), Ha Noi Trinh The Dung (2002), Giao trinh vat lieu xay dung dieu kien chay, NXB KH va ky thuat, Ha Noi Nguy6n van Dinh (2008), Giao trinh bao hiem, NXB Dai hoe Kinh te Quoe dan Bui Trong Dong, Doan Huu thang, Truong Dinh Hong (2004), de tai ea'p Bo “Xry dung mot so tieu chi de danh gia hieu qua chua chay doi vdi dam chay chat ran", Truong dai hoe phong ehay ehua ehay - Bo eong An David Bland (1998), bao hiem nguyen tac va thuc hanh, NXB Tai ehfnh, Ha Noi 10 Hiep hoi Bao hiem Viet Nam (2007), cam nang bao hiem phi nhan tho, NXB tai ehfnh, Ha Noi 11 Hiep hoi bao hiem Viet Nam (2008), Thong ke bao hiem chay no va moi rui ro tai san (2003,2004,2005,2006,2007), Ha Noi 12 Truong Moe Lam (2001), Td dien thuat ngu kinh doanh bao hiem, NXN Thong ke, Ha Noi 13 Phong Canh sat PCCC - Cong An TP Ha Noi (2004), Luat phong chay va chua chay va van ban hudng dan thi hanh, xuong in Cong An TP Ha Noi 14 Phong Canh sat PCCC - Cong An TP Ha Noi (2007), Tai lieu huan luye boi dudng nghiep vu phong chay va chua chay, xuong in Cong An TP Ha Noi 15 Nguy£n Thi Quy (2008), quan tri rui ro doanh nghiep, NXB Van hoa- Thong tin, Ha Noi 16 Nguy6n The Th, Hoang Ngoc Hai (2004), Giao trinh dieu tra nguyen nhan vu chay, NXB Khoa hoc va Ky thuat, Ha Noi 17 Nguydn The Tir (2003), Giao trinh quan ly an toan chay nd vat lieu nd, NXB Khoa hoc va Ky thuat, Ha Noi 18 Nguybn The Tir, Nguyen Thanh Long (2005), Giao trinh tuyen truyen, hitting dan xay dung phong trao quan chung phong chay vd chffa chay, NXB Khoa hoc va Ky thuat, Ha Noi 19 Le Xuan Th, Nguydn Quoc Viet (2004), Giao trinh nhffng van de co ban phdng chay cac qua trinh cong nghe san xuat, NXB Khoa hoc va ky thuat, Ha Noi 20 Dang Tirng, Dao Quoc Hop, KS Cao Dac Phong (2004), Giao trinh ly thuyet qua trinh chay, NXB Khoa hoc va ky thuat, Ha Noi 21 Bui Dinh Thanh, Tran Dinh Tudng, Nguyfin Dhc Anh (2006), Giao trinh bao chay vd chffa chay tudong, NXB Khoa hoc va ky thuat, Ha Noi 22 Nguydn Quang Thu (2008), quan tri rui ro vd bao hiem doanh nghiep, NXB Thong ke 23 Phung Vo Song (2003), Giao trinh phdng chay cac thiet bi dien, NXB Khoa hoc va ky thuat, Ha Noi 24 Nguyen Ngoc Son, Nguydn The Th, Kieu Hong Mai (2004), De tai khoa hoc cap Bo: Mot sd giai phap nang cao hieu qua hoat dong phong chay, chffa chay cac co sd san xuat cong nghiep d nude ta hien nay, Trudng Dai hoc Phdng chay chua chay - Bo cong An 25 Tong Cong ty Bao hiem Viet Nam (1996), tdi lieu hitting dan nghiep vu bao hiem hoa hoan, Ha Noi 26 Tong Cong ty Bao hiem Viet Nam (2001), Hitting dan khai thac bao hiem chay vd tdi san, Ha Noi 27 Tong cong ty co phan Bao hiem Bao Minh (2005), Hitting dan nghiep vu bao hiem Tdi san, TP Hd Chi Minh 28 To chhc Hai quan The gidi (2004), Tieu chuan danh gid rui ro, tong cue Hai quan 29 To chhc Hai quan The gidi, Cong itdc KYOTO - Hitting dan phu luc tong quat, Tong cue Hai quan 30 Trdn Dinh Tudng (2004), Giao trinh thong tin lien lac cong tac phong chay chffa chay, NXB Khoa hoc va Ky thuat, Ha Noi 31 Ngo Van Xiem, Trinh The Dung (2002), Giao trinh phong chay xay dicng, NXB Khoa hoc va Ky thuftt, Ha Noi 32 Ngo Van Xiem, Bui Dinh Thanh, Ta Chi Cong (2004), Giao trinh cung cdp mrdc chiia chay, NXB Khoa hoc va Ky thuAt, Ha Noi PHU LUC I RUI RO PHU TRONG DON BAO HI^M HOA HOAN Dan bao hiem hoa hoan tieu chu&n khong bao hiem cho rui ro phu De dap ung yeu cdu phat trien cua xa hoi va nhu cdu cua ngudi tham gia bao hiem ngudi ta da bo xung them vao Don mot so rui ro khac goi la rui ro phu va thu them phi Can luu y la ngudi tham gia bao hiem chi duoc chap nhan yeu cau bao hiem cho rui ro phu da tham gia bao hiem rui ro chinh (rui ro A) Nhu da de cap Luan van, rui ro chinh cua bao hiem hoa hoan gdm: Chay( loai trir tdn that ban than tai san phat chay) No : Noi hoi, hoi dot thap sang, sudi dm ngoi nha khong phai la nha xudng lam cong viec su dung hoi dot (nhung loai trir ban than ddi tuong phat nd); hoi dot phuc vu sinh hoat Set (loai trir tdn that set lam thay ddi ddng dien) Rui ro phu Rui ro phu duoc goi la cac rui ro dac biet hoac bao hiem moi rui ro; theo don bao hiem hoa hoan co ten goi la Dan bao hiem hoa hoan vd cac riii ro dac biet Rui ro phu dupe bao hidm bao gdm: 1.1 Nd: Nhung loai trir; No noi hoi, thung dun nudc bang hoi, binh chua Diem loai trir chi lien quan den ndi hoi ma ap suat tao hoi nudc de tranh trung lap vdi Don bao hiem ndi hoi May moc hoac thiet bi cd sir dung ap luc hoac chat lieu chura may moc thiet bi chay, bi nd dd tranh trung lap vdi Don bao hiem vd may moc 1.2 May bay va cac phuong tien hang khong khac hoac cac thiet bi tren cac phuong tien roi vao 1.3 G&y roi dinh cong, bai cong, sa thai Nhung thiet hai gay nen true tiep bdi: a/ Hanh dong cua bat ky ngudi nao cung vdi nhung ngudi khai thac tham gia vao viec lam ma't trAt tu xa hoi (du co lien quan den dinh cong, bai cong, sa thai hay khong); ii b/ Hanh dong co y cua bat ky chinh quyen hop phap nao viec tran ap hanh dong gay rdi hoac viec han che hau qua cua nhung hanh dong gay roi do; c/ Hanh dong cd y bat ky ngudi bai cong hay ngudi bi sa thai nao nham ung ho bai cong hoac chong sa thai; d/ Hanh dong cua bat ky chinh quyen hop phap nao nham ngan chan hoac cd gang ngan chan nhung hanh dong nhu vay hay han che hau qua cua nhung hanh dong Nhung loai trur (1) Nhung thiet hai gay nen bdi, hay hau qua true tiep hay gian tiep cua: a/ Phong trao quan chung co quy mb hoac co the phat trien mot cuoc khdi nghia quan chung; b/ Hanh dbng ac y cua bat cd ngudi nao (du cho hanh dong by co dupe thuc hien viec gay m£t trat tu xa hoi hay khong) khac vdi hanh dong cd y cua ngudi tham gia bai cong hoac cua cong nhan bi sa thai nham ung ho bai cong hoac chong lai viec sa thai (2) Nhung thiet hai do: a/ Tdn that mat thu nhap, cham trd, mat thi trudng hay bat ky tdn that nao mang tinh cha't hoac hau qua hay mang tinh chat gian tiep khac dudi bat ky phuong dien va hinh thuc nao; b/ Thiet hai ngimg toan bo hay mot phan cong viec cua ngudi dupe bao hiem hoac lam cham trd, bi gian doan hay ngimg bat ky mbt quy trinh hoat dong nao; c/ Thiet hai ngudi dupc bao hiem bi tudc quyen sd huu vinh vidn hay tam thdi ba't ky ngoi nha nao, bi ngudi khac chiem huu bat hpp phap Ddi vdi nhung thiet hai vat cha't xay vdi tai san dupc bao hiem trudc bi tudc quydn sd huu tam thdi hoac thdi gian bi tudc quyen sd huu tam thdi van thuoc trach nhiem cua ngudi bao hiem 1.3 Hanh dong ac y Theo rui ro nay, ngudi bao hiem bdi thudng nhung thiet hai xay do'i vdi tai san dupc bao hiem ma nguyen nhan true tiep la hanh dong ac y cua bat cu iii ngudi nao (Du cho hanh dong co xaiy qua trinh gay roi trit tu xa hoi hay khong), nhung loai trtr nhung thiet hai trom cip hay co g&ng thuc hien hanh dong trom cip Rui ro chi duqc bao dam neu ngudi duqc bao hiem tham gia rui ro: gay roi, dinh cong , bai cong, sa thai Dang luu y la mu'c mien thudng luon duqc ap dung ddi vdi rui ro sau da ap dung dieu khoan bdi thudng theo ty le 1.4 Dong dat, mure lira phun, bao gdm ca lut va nudc bien tran hau qua cua dong dat va nui lira phun 1.5 Giong bao nhung loai trtr a/ Thiet hai gay nudc tran tir cac nguon nudc tu nhien hay nhan tao, cac kenh, hd, de, dap, cac be chtra nudc, thiet bi chua nudc hay dudng ong dan; nudc tran tir bien du la bao hay cac nguyen nhan nao khac gay ra; b/ Thiet hai gay suong muoi, sut Id dat; c/ Thiet hai gay ddi vdi bat che nang, binh phong bien quang cao, cac trang thiet bi lap dat phia ngoai, hang rao cong ngo va cac dong san khac de ngoai trdi; d/ Thiet hai xay ddi vdi cac cong trinh dang giai doan xay dung, cai tao hay sua chua, trir tat ca cac cira vao, cira so cac Id thong thoang da duqc hoan va duqc bao ve chong giong bao; e/ Thiet hai nudc hoac mua, ngoai trir nudc hoac mua tran vao cac cong trinh thong qua cac cira va 15 thong thoang tac dong true tiep cua giong bao Rui ro cung ap dung mire khau trir sau ap dung dieu khoan bdi thudng theo ty le 1.6 Giong bao lut Rui ro co pham vi bao dam rong lion rui ro giong bao, lut cd the xay sau mot giong bao ldn hoac nudc tran th hd, song hay ho chira hoac dudng ong din; nhung loai trir cac trudng hqp sau; a/ thiet hai gay suong muoi, sut Id dat; b/ Thiet hai xay doi vdi bat che nang, binh phong, bien quang cao, cac thiet bi lap dat phia ngoai, hang rao, cong ngo va cac dong san khac de ngoai trcfi; c/ Thiet hai xiiy doi vdi cac cong trinh dang giai doan xay dung, cai tao hay sua chua, tru tat ca cac cua vao, cua so, cac o md khac da duqc hoan va bao ve chong giong bao; d/ Thiet hai nudc hoac mua, tru nudc va mua tran vao cac cong trinh thong qua cac cua va cac o khac tac dong truc tiep cua giong bao; e/Thiet hai nudc tran tu cac be chua nudc, thiet bi chua nudc hoac dudng ong dan nudc thuoc quyen kiem soat va sd huu cua ngudi duqc bao hiem; Ngudi bao hiem ap dung muc khau tru sau ap dung dieu khoan bdi thudng theo ty le doi vdi rui ro 1.7 Vd hay tran nudc tu cac be chua nudc, thiet bi chua nudc hoac dudng ong dan nudc, nhung loai trir: , a/ Thiet hai nudc thoat ra, ro ri tu he thong Sprinkler duqc lap dat tu dong; b/ Thiet hai tai nhung cong trinh, ngoi nha bo hoac khong co ngudi su dung Muc midn thudng luon duqc ap dung vdi rui ro sau bdi thudng theo ty le 1.8 Xe co gidi hay xuc vat khong thuoc quyen sd huu, kidm soat cua ngudi duqc bao hiem hay nhan vien cua ho dam vao II THUC TRANG BAO HIEM RUI RO DAC BIET CUA CAC DNBH VIET NAM Nhutng dac diem bao hiem rui ro dac biet Nghien cuu ve pham vi bao hiem cua rui ro cho thay no dac biet d chd bao hiem cho; a/ Nhung ton that lien quan den lao dong, viec lam, pha hoai (ac y) va cac hien tuqng mang mau sac Chinh tri xa hoi nhu dinh cong va ca su can thiep cua cac nha cam quyen b/ Nhung ton that thien nhien gay nhu dong dat, nui lua, giong bao, lut; ma le khong duqc bao hiem vi la rui ro co ban c/ Ngoai cac tdn that no, vd tran nudc tir be chua dubng ong dan, hoat dong hang khong, xe co hay sue vat Mac du nhung rui ro van thudng gap cac don bao hiem tai san khac nhung tdn that cua no gay cung dac biet; vi gan lien vdi hoat dong hang khong, ngudn nudc, ong dan, sinh hoat va san xuat hoac gan ca vdi gia sue Bao hiem cho rui ro dac biet, mac du chung chi la nhung rui ro bo sung hay nhung hiem hoa them vao Don bao hiem hoa hoan Tuy nhien rui ro phu khong dupc bao hiem rieng ma chi cd the dupc bao hidm cung vdi nhung rui ro chinh Mdi rui ro phu cung khong dupc bao hiem mot each tu dong ma chi dupc bao hiem khach hang yeu cdu Phi bao hiem cho rui ro phu, mdi cong ty bao hiem quy dinh mot ty le khac dua tren ty le phi cua rui ro hoa hoan ( rui ro A) Khoan thu them tir 20% den 30% tren ty le phi thu cua rui ro (A) thuan tuy; neu khach hang tham gia Don bao hiem moi rui ro va tinh chung thi trubng thi ty 16 phi sap xi 25% Trong trudng hpp khach hang chon timg loai rui ro phu cho don bao hiem thi mdi rui ro dupc quy dinh mot ty le % tren ty le phi cua rui ro A; Tong phi cua rui ro phu bang tong so phi cua timg rui ro phu cong lai; cu the: BIEU PHI CAC RUI RO DAC BIET CUA BAO HIEM BAO MINH Stt Ten Rui ro phu Ty le % Ky hieu No B May bay va phuong tien hang khong roi C Bao dong dinh cong E Dong dat G Chay ngam K Chay tu len men L Bao lu lut 10 N Vo tran nudc P Xe co, sue vat dam vao Q VI Hau het rui ro phu deu ap dung mu'c khau trir tir 0,2% den 0,5% sd tien bao hiem va khong tha'p hon mire quy dinh ddi vdi: Rui ro thien tai (Mdi cong ty cd mot mu'c cu thd) Rui ro khac ( Mdi cong ty cd mot mu'c cu the) Tinh hinh bao hiem rui ro dac biet d nndc ta Neu nhu nhung nam trudc day khach hang yeu cau bao hiem chu yeu cho tai san cua minh bdi Don bao hiem hoa hoan tieu chugin, thi hien xu hudng nguoc lai; Bao hiem rui ro dac biet dang duoc quan tam va ngudi tham gia bao hiem chi yeu cau bao hiem cho cac loai rui ro Mac du Luat phdng chay chua chay nam 2001 quy dinh tai Didu 9; bat buoc cac co quan to chiic va ca nhan cd co sd nguy hidm ve chay nd phai thuc hien bao hiem chay, no bat buoc; nhung nhung nd luc cong tac tuyen truydn va ca xir phat cung chua mang lai hieu qua nhu mong muon Xem xet vd hien tuong nhan tha'y; Trong nhung nam qua ca nudc noi chung va cac ldn nhu Ha Noi, Hd Chi Minh da ganh chiu nhung ton that nghiem bao, lut gay nen; chung ta phai ddi mat thudng xuyen, lien tuc va lau dai vdi bao, lut Tai cac xay dung bat chat quy hoach, ngan chan cac dudng ong thoat nudc da bien trd cac hd chua nudc sau mdi tran mua; khien tai san cua mdi co quan, to chuc, ca nhan luon tinh trang de doa Ve lao dong va viec lam cang gay sue ep ddi vdi Nha nudc va xa hoi, mau thuan chu tho xay thudng xuyen dan den cac nguy co bao dong, dinh cong, bai cong cang nhieu Mau thuan giua ngudi sir dung lao dong va ngudi lao dong tdi mure khong the didu hoa la nguyen nhan hanh dong pha phach tai san, ac y Vdi hai dan chirng neu tren dd tha'y rui ro bao, lut, dinh cong, bai cong, bao dong rui ro phu dang trd mdi hiem hoa true tiep va lau dai ddi vdi khach hang va viec khien cho nhieu khach hang quan tam yeu cau bao hiem cho nhung rui ro la didu dd hieu Tuy nhien vi la rui ro khong bat buoc nen doanh nghiep bao hiem cd the tir choi chap nhan bao hiem neu ca'p nghiem cua rui ro ldn vii III DANH GIA VA QUAN LY RUI RO DAC BIET Cac doanh nghiep bao hiem thudng ft quan tam danh gia doi vdi nhung rui ro vi cho rang no la rui ro phu va viec tinh phf da duoc dua tren ty le phf cua rui ro chinh V6 phuong phap va quv trinh danh gia, quan ly rui ro nhin chung chua co gi cai tien va cung rat don gian Phieu dieu tra riii ro 1.1 Rui ro lut Vi tri tai san tren mat dat( tinh bang do); Do cao cua mat dat so vdi muc trung binh cua nguon nudc; Cac he thong dieu tiet nudc( De dieu, chieu cao be rong de, vat lieu dap de); Ngudn nudc xung quanh, tinh chat va quy mo; Tinh chat gia tri tai san bao hiem, muc chiu nudc de tai san ham, tren mat dat, de ngoai trdi; Muc nhay cam cua thiet bi, hang hoa vdi nudc; Da tirng xay lut chua, (so lan, thdi gian, muc thiet hai); Cac thiet bi ke kfch, chUa hang hoa, phuong tien che chan 1.2 Dong dat sut ld giong bao Bi de doa boi dong dat; Bi de doa boi dong bao; Bi de doa bdi sut ld dat 1.3 May bay phuong tien hang khong khac, thiet bi phuong tien tren roi vao Khoang cach tdi san bay; Co de bi tai nan may bay khong 1.4 Rui ro kkac Co de bi dam va boi xe co, suc vat; Co de bi dinh cong, bao loan khung bo Nhurng quy dinh lien qurn den bao hiem rui ro dac biet Phan chia khu vuc va quy dinh mot so dia phuong khong duoc nhan bao hiem rui ro lut nhu: Son La, Lai Chau, Tuyen Quang, Thanh Hoa, Nghe An, Ha Tinh, Quang Binh, Quang Tri, Hue, Da Nang, Quang Nam, Quang Ngai, Binh Dinh, Phu Yen, Khanh hoa, Dong Thap, An Giang, Soc Trang, Minh Hai viii Phi bao hiem dupc tinh rieng cho timg cong trinh cu the Cac dia phuomg muon nhan bao hiem rui ro lut phai cung ca'p day du thong tin theo ban cau hoi dieu tra rui ro lut va chi dupc cdp don bao hiem sau dupc su ddng y cua Tong cong ty Khong nhan bao hiem lu lut cho cac rui ro co so tien bao hiem dudi mot trieu la va quy dinh mu’c mien thudng Phan chia khu vuc (3 khu vuc) ve rui ro bao hiem de ap dung ty le phi phu hpp cho timg khu vuc va timg ddi tupng khu vuc Quy dinh mire mien thudng theo ddi tupng bao hiem Ddi vdi nhung rui ro phu khac khong cd quy dinh Danh gia rui ro va quan ly rui ro dac biet Nhin chung viec danh gia rui ro dua vao phieu dieu tra; bao cao danh gia rui ro thudng thieu thdng tin tinh cha't rui ro bat thudng Ddi vdi khu vuc Ha Noi toc dd thi hoa nhanh lam he thdng thoat nudc vita qua tai vtra tac nen lut loi dien thudng xuyen De bao hiem cho rui ro bao, lut cac doanh nghiep Bao hiem cung het siic than va dieu tra tuong ddi ky luong Tuy nhien tur viec danh gia rui ro toi dien bien bat thudng cua thdi tiet ludn la mdi lo ngai ddi vdi cac doanh nghiep bao hiem Quan ly rui ro ddi vdi rui ro phu khong giong nhu quan ly rui ro hoa hoan va rui ro loai ludn nam ngoai su kiem soat cua cac DNBH va ngudi ta chi cd the giam thieu tdn that bang ta't ca nd luc ung cuu tai san rui ro xay Thudng thi doanh nghiep tim each ne tranh ddi vdi nhung tai san cd nguy co rui ro cao * * * IX PHU LUC CAC VU CHAY LdN VA NO TRONG CA NUdC TU2001 - 2007 Don vi: Trieu dong Nam No So vu Chay ldn Thiet hai tai san So vu Thiet hai tai san 2001 18 260 13 110.000 2002 17 178 72.340 2003 15 430 16 395.820 2004 13 450 25 181.860 2005 13 140 16 105.400 2006 70 26 318.620 2007 30 2.000 26 271.170 112 3.528 129 1.455.210 Cong Nguon: Tong cuc Canh sat phong chay chua chay - Bo Cong An PHU LUC DOANH THU PHI BAO HIEM GOC V X — A NGHIEP VU HOA HOAN VA CAC RUI RO DAC BIET (2003-2008) Dan vi: 1.000.000 VND STT DNbao hiem Allianz Bao Long Bao Minh Bao Viet PJCO PTI PVInsurance UIC VIA Viet Uc Groupama Bao Ngan Samsungvina QBE BIC Vien Dong AAA Bao Nong Bao Tin Liberty ACE Insurance AIG Viet Nam ABIC MIC Toan Cau FUBON Hang khong Hung Vuong SHBVinacomin Tong 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 2003 2004 886,09 1.370,60 7.578,00 38.852,68 123.929,00 21.778,00 • 5.962,00 3.943,00 10.171,79 2.803,14 822,34 11.434,00 149.517,65 148.508,00 30.705,00 12.346,00 6.793,00 41.436,04 3.053,00 1.815,00 223,95 2.391,59 1.553,00 4.377,79 2.007,62 2005 2006 2007 2008 10.592 139.666 169.840 37.479 19.465 57.882 47.595 28.207 12.761 192.253 171.954 68.400 17,786 50.224 32.104 34.408 20.985 220.644 176.474 57.034 11.482 289.368 65.824 36.588 11.494 242.811 277.090 113.681 13.101 132.970 77.464 36.895 396 7.230 18.404 23.710 7.313 7.548 273 682 4.487 22.223 5.095 9.683 8.007 3.585 1.239 9.329 25.516 4.616 8.286 8.536 7.058 1.998 4.761 6.140 7.556 25.543 13.046 11.933 939 616 21.443 5.636 50.620 • 219.341,58 414.986,71 575.600 633.652 Nguon: Hiep hoi bao hiem Viet Nam 1.022.233 1.448 3.692 1.407 10.413 9.644 9.036 15.245 334 877 1.190 1.029.769 XI PHU ' LUC BOI THUONG BAO HIEM GOC NGHIEP VU HOA HOAN VA CAC RUI RO DAC BIET (2003-2008) Don vi: 1.000.000 VND ST DNbao hiem 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2007 T Allianz 10 Bao Long Bao Minh Bao Viet PJCO PTI PVInsurance UIC VIA 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Viet Uc Groupama Bao Ngan Samsungvina QBE BIC Vien DOng AAA Bao NOng Bao Tin Liberty ACE Insurance AIG Viet Nam ABIC MIC Toan Cau FUBON Hang khOng Hung Vuong SHBVinacomin Tong 17,60 1.643,00 11.761,28 46.620,00 2.539,00 25,00 11,00 250,54 342,62 310,00 15.686,71 75.738,00 1.950,00 490,00 217,00 6.368,67 19,00 1.584,00 89.073,00 88.488,00 4.648,00 584,00 799,00 7.921,00 8.963,00 73,66 23,00 263,00 10.229,00 3.822,00 1.323,00 2,37 2.068 46.326 81.435 15.647 2.955 2.286 526 10.064 10.806 91.900 171.164 14.585 1.917 65.775 17.217 17.899 400 80.505 68.264 17.753 6.561 14.063 13.010 3.122 1.250 1.934 712 3.094 4.963 54 24.647 2.151 265 3.157 324 190 2.022 21 961 2.416 3.110 828 111 200 57 10.413 1.643 850 399 422.112 216.375 151 36 63.194,81 100.870,64 217.720,00 Nguon: Hiep hoi bao hiem Viet Nam 173.314