Khai thác các nguồn lực đảm bảo phát triển đô thị bền vững trong quá trình công nghiệp hoá, hiện đại hoá ( lấy ví dụ ở thành phố nam đinh)

TRUING DAI HOC KINH t£ QUOC DAN NGUYEN VIET HUNG KHAI THAC CAC NGu6n LUC DAM BAO PHAT TRIEN DO THI BfiN VtTNG TRONG QUA TRINH CONG NGHIEP HOA, HIEN DAI HOA (LAY VI DU THANH PHO NAM DINH) Chuyen nganh: Kinh te chinh tri LU AN VAN THAC SY KINH IE Ngtfdi huang dan khoa hoc : PGS.TS Dang Van Thang Ha Noi, nSm 2007 MO DAU Tinh cap thiet cua de tai nghien cuu Hoi nghi cua lien hiep quoc ve moi truong va phat tridn d Rio de janeiro nam 1992 da de mot chuong trinh nghi su toan cau ve bao ve moi truong va phat trien ben vung goi la chuong trinh 21 Den da co tren 70 nude xay dung va phe duyet chuong trinh nghi su 21, co Viet Nam Su tang truong ve kinh te tuong lai cua Viet Nam phu thuoc vao kha nang phat trien cac nganh cong nghiep va dich vu van hanh theo co che thi truong va ca nang lire canh tranh Tuy nhien nhu cau ve ngudn lire cho phat trifin noi chung va cho phat trien thi noi rieng rat ldn ma kha nang dap ung ngudn lire chi co han mat khac quy hoach va phat tridn thi d Viet Nam hien nhieu van de bat cap, thuc te cac thi dang ton tai nhieu van de buc xue dac biet la tinh trang d nhiem moi truong cang cao Tac gia lira chon de tai: “khai thac cac ngudn lire dam bao phat trien thi ben vung qua trinh cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa, lay vi du d Nam Dinh” vua co y nghTa ly luan vira cd y nghTa thuc tien nhiem vu thuc hien chuong trinh nghi su 21 cua Viet Nam X A X Tong quan nghien cuu cua de tai Da cd mot so de tai nghien cuu ve cac ngudn luc va phat trien ben vung nhu de tai khoa hoc cap nha nude ma so KHXH 02-03 GS.TSKH Vu Huy Chuong chu nhiem de tai “van de tao ngudn lire tien hanh cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa” thuc hien giai doan 1996-2000; de tai khai niem thi ben vung va ung dung tai viet nam PGS.TS Nguyen Dinh Hoe chu nhiem khuon kho du an VIEO/021 cua bo ke hoach va dau tu, de tai phat trien thi ben vung cua TS Nguyen The NghTa va TS Ton NO- Quynh Tran Nhung de tai khai thac cac ngudn lire dam bao phat trien thi ben vung la de tai theo hudng tiep can moi Tu giac kinh te chinh tri tiep can nghien cuu van de mot each tong hop, khai thac ngudn lire dam bao phat trien thi ben vung qua trinh cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa tac gia nghien cuu khai thac cac ngudn lire moi quan he gitra lire luong san xuat vdi quan he san xuat, gan vdi viec thuc hien dan chu, cong bang xa hoi, muc tieu la phat huy manh me, giai phong cac ngudn luc dam bao phat trien thi ben vung qua trinh cong nghiep hoa - hien dai hoa Doi tuong va pham vi nghien cirii cua de tai: Doi tuong nghien cuu cua de tai la cac nguon luc va su phat triSn thi d£ tim giai phap khai thac cac nguon luc dam bao phat trien thi ben vung Pham vi nghien cuu cua de tai duoc khao sat va nghien cuu vi du d Nam Dinh theo each tiep can ttr hai khia canh: Mot la: Danh gia thuc trang khai thac cac nguon luc va phat trien d Nam Dinh boi canh co so sanh vdi mot so khac Hai la: Nghien cuu cac giai phap khai thac cac nguon luc dam bao su phat trien ben vtrng Nam Dinh qua trinh cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa Muc tieu nghien cuu cua de tai: Muc tieu nghien cuu cua de tai la gop phan lam sang to co so ly luan va thuc tien ve phat trien thi ben vtrng, nguon luc va giai phap khai thac cac nguon luc dam bao phat trien thi ben vtrng qua trinh cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa Phuong phap nghien cuu cua de tai: Van dung phuong phap vat lich su, trim tuong hoa khoa hoc Thong qua phan tich cac so lieu thong ke va tham khao y kien ttr cac co quan htru quan, cac tang lop dan cu ve danh gia cac tiem nang, dinh hudng phat trien thi d Nam Dinh Ben canh phuong phap chuyen gia cung dupe su dung de tham khao y kien danh gia cua chuyen gia ve thuc trang va dinh hudng chien luge phat trien Nam Dinh Ttr tong ket danh gia theo ma tran SWOT va de xuat giai phap khai thac cac nguon luc dam bao phat trien ben vtrng Nam Dinh r r x f x r Dir kien dong gop cua de tai: De tai se dong gop khai quai ly luan ve phat trien thi ben vung, nguon luc va giai phap khai thac cac nguon luc dam bao phat trien thi ben vtrng qua trinh cong nghiep hoa - hien dai hoa gop phan cu the hoa chuong trinh nghi su 21 cua Viet Nam Ket cau luan van Luan van gom md dau, chuong, ket luan, cac danh muc tai lieu tham khao va cac phu luc Chuong 1: Co so ly luan va thuc tien ve phat trien thi ben vung va khai thac cac nguon luc dam bao phat trien thi ben vung qua trinh CNH,HDH Chuang 2: Thuc trang khai thac ngudn luc va phat trien thi d Nam dinh Chuang 3: Phuong huang va giai phap chu yeu khai thac ngudn luc dam bao phat trien thi ben vung qua trinh cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa I Chiroug CO SO LY LU AN VA THlfC TIEN VE PHAT TRIEN DO THI BEN VLTNG VA KHAI THAC CAC NGUON LlTC DAM BAO PHAT TRIEN DO THI BEN VU’NG TRONG QUA TRINH CNH-HDH 1.1 Nhfi-ng van de co1 ban ve phat trien thi ben virng 1.1.1 Su- hinh va phat trien thi Trong qua trinh phat trien cua xa hoi loai ngudi, su hinh va phat trien thi tu mot hai dieu kien co so sau: aA ' a Dieu kien co so thu nhat lich su phat trien thi la cac kinh do, dupe xay dung va bao ve do, xuat hien Nhu thi Ai Cap cd dai duoc xay dung tu 3500 nam truoc Cong Nguyen d luu song Nin; thi co d Trung Quoc, An Do dupe xay dung 3000 nam truoc Cong Nguyen; thi Hy Lap dupe xay dung 500 nam truoc Cong Nguyen Viet Nam cac cung dupe xay dung gan lien vdi cac trieu dai phong kien Viet Nam nhu co Hoa Lu d Ninh Binh dupe xay dung tu the ky thu X (968) dudi trieu Dinh Tien Hoang, den nam 1010 Ly Thai To da ddi tu Hoa Lu ve Thang Long la thu Ha Noi Cung vdi viec phat tridn thu Thang Long d the ky 13 nha Tran da cho xay dung cac xung quanh Thang Long dd bao ve Thang Long nhu Thanh Bac (Bac Ninh), Thanh Nam (Nam Dinh), Thanh Tay (Son tay), Thanh Dong (Hai Duong) Trieu dai phong kien cuoi cung d Viet Nam nha ~ r r Nguyen da xay dung co d Hue b Dieu kien co so thu hai lich su phat trien thi la noi giao luu trao ddi buon ban hang hoa da hinh thi Do nhu cau cuoc song phat trien cang cao va xa hoi cang van minh, mot bo phan lao dong xa hoi da tach khoi san xuat nong nghiep, lam nghe thu cong, buon ban, dich vu va quan ly xa hoi Nhung ngudi va gia dinh song tap trung d cac didm dan cu, lao dong va sinh hoat theo hinh thuc song moi, van minh hon, thi dupe hinh Hau het cac thi d Viet Nam thuong duoc hinh ban dau la su tu phat theo kieu “tren ben dudi thuyen” d nga ba song, cua bien la noi thuan tien cho van chuyen va mua ban hang hoa, de roi hinh thuong cang, khu dan cu Khi co so tang dudng bo phat trien hon, cac khu dan cu va buon ban co xu hudng mo rong ve phia noi dia va hinh cac thi nhu Hien (Hung Yen) da timg dupe xep “thu nhat kinh ky, thu nhi Hien”, thi cd Hoi An, Sai Gon-Gia Dinh, Cang Hai Phong la nhung thi dupe hinh ttr thi den Trude nam 1954 Nam Dinh hoi tu ca hai dieu kien Thanh va Thi nen da sdm phat trien Thanh va tung la thu ba mien Bac A A 9 Nhung tien de ca ban cua thi hod va phat trien thi la su phat trien cong nghiep hay cong nghiep hod la ca sd phat trien thi Do thi hoa tren the gidi bat dau tu each mang thu cong nghiep (tuong trung la cai Sa quay), sau la each mang cong nghiep (tuong trung la may hoi nude) da thay the lao dong thu cong bang lao dong may moc vdi nang suat lao dong cao hon va da lam thay doi co cau lao dong xa hoi tren co sd phan cong lao dong xa hoi Ngay vdi cuoc each mang khoa hoc ky thuat ma dac trung cho no la cong nghe tin hoc thi su phat trien thi hoa da va se manh me hon bao gid het 1.1.2 Khai niem ve phat trien thi ben vfrng Trong mot thdi gian kha dai ngudi ta dat muc tieu kinh te qua cao, xem su tang trudng ve kinh te gan nhu la thudc nhat cua su phat tridn Qua thuc tien, ca cong va that bai, tung budc ngudi ta nhan thuc cang ro hon cac r y r y r van de mang tinh tong hop, dai han va mang tinh he thong hon, bao gom ca cac yeu td kinh te va yeu to ngoai kinh te Chi rieng thudc kinh te khong the phan anh dupe day du quan niem ve phat e 9 y r trien hien dai - phat trien ben vtrng Do vay, phai xem xet lai va danh gia dung dan cac moi quan he gitra: Con ngudi vdi trai dat, phat trien kinh te xa hoi, van hoa vdi bao ve tai nguyen, moi trudng va ca cac van de xay dung the che ngudi phai dong vai tro trung tarn cua su phat trien Hoi nghi thuong dinh ve toan cau hoa nam 1992 tai Rio de janeiro lien Hiep Quoc bao tro da de mot chuong trinh nghi sir toan cau ve bao ve moi truong va phat trien ben vung goi la chirong trinh nghi sir 21 Trong cac van ban chink thuc cua Lien Hap Quoc, phat trien ben vung duac hieu la “su phat trien dap ung duac nhicng yeu cau cua hien tai, nhung khdng gay ton hai cho viec dap ung nhu cau cua cac the he mai sau Theo thong ke chira day du, den nam 2003 da co 70 nude phe duyet va xay dung chuong trinh thuc hien nghi su 21 Viet Nam da hoan viec xay dung chuong trinh thuc hien nghi sir 21 dupe Thu tuong Chinh phu phe duyet thang 8/2004 Phat trien ben vung bao gom phuong dien: • Phat trien kinh te ben vung • Moi truong ben vung • Phat trien xa hoi ben vung Hai nha khoa hoc Canada la Jacob va Sadler da trinh bay moi quan he giua kinh te, xa hoi, moi truong phat tri£n ben vung nhu hinh 1.1 Hinh 1.1 Moi quan he giua kinh te, xa hoi, moi truong phat trien ben x r ■> \ Ve phat trien kinh te ben virng: Phat trien kinh te la su tang truong kinh te gan lien vdi su hoan thien co cau, the che kinh te va nang cao chat lupng cuoc song Tang truong kinh te nhanh la muc tieu thudng xuyen cua cac quoc gia, nhung se la khong dung neu theo dudi tang truong kinh te bang moi gia Thuc te cho thay, khong phai su tang truong nao cung mang lai hieu qua kinh te - xa hoi nhu mong muon, ddi qua trinh tang truong mang tinh hai mat: Ching han, tang truong kinh te qua muc cd the dan den tinh trang nen kinh te qua nong, gay lam phat hoac chi quan tarn den tang truong kinh te ma khong quan tarn den van de bao ve moi truong thi moi truong se bien ddi ngupc lai vdi tang truong kinh te Vi vay ddi hoi moi quoc gia tirng thoi ky phai tim nhung bien phap tich cue de dat dupe str tang truong va phat trien kinh te ben vung Phat trien kinh te ben vung la tang truong kinh te dat muc tuong ddi cao, on dinh thoi gian tuong ddi dai (it nhat tu 20 den 30 nam) va giai quyet tot van a r r de tien bo xa hoi gan vdi bao ve moi truong sinh thai Ve mdi truang ben virng: Tai nguyen thien nhien khong phai la vo tan, khong thd khai thac hoac thdng tri theo y minh, can phai tinh toan den lpi ich chung cua cong dong, cua cac the he mai sau va phai tinh toan cac chi phi bao ve mdi truong cho su phat trien Ddi hoi chung ta phai tri str can bang gitra bao ve mdi truong tu nhien vdi su khai thac ngudn tai nguyen thien nhien phuc vu lpi ich ngudi, nham muc dich tri muc khai thac nhung ngudn tai nguyen thien nhien d mot gidi han nhat dinh, dam bao a \ r moi truong tiep tuc ho trp, tri dieu kien song cua ngudi va cac sinh vat song tren trai dat De cd dupe cac thay ddi phu hop vdi quan diem ve phat trien ben vung, moi ngudi tren trai dat can phai thay doi cac quan diem ve dao due sdng Trude hdt la trach nhiem cua ngudi vdi thien nhien va the he tuong lai bao gom: Trach nhiem sdng hoa hop vdi thien nhien, su ton tai binh dang cua loai ngudi va cac sinh vat song khac tren trai dat, y thuc tiet kiem tai nguyen thien nhien va bao ve moi trudng song chung cua hanh tinh Ve phat trien xa hoi ben vimg: Quan niem phat trien ben vung ban dau co phan nhan manh hon viec giu gin moi trudng dieu kien tang trudng kinh te, cung co de cap den cong bang xa hoi Sau quan niem phat trien ben vung da lam noi bat phuong dien rat quan la cong bang xa hoi nguoi mot each toan dien a > r r r Phat trien ben vung ve xa hoi la giai quyet tot moi quan he ben giua cac yeu to xa hoi chu yeu va qua trinh phat trien kinh te Tren quy mo quoc gia, phat trien ben vung ve xa hoi co cot loi nam or viec giai quyet moi quan he giua tang trudng kinh te va tien bo xa hoi, phat trien ngudi Tu khai niem ve phat trien ben vimg noi chung de dua khai niem ve phat > 7 trien thi ben vung chung ta phai xem xet su phat trien dd thi su phat trien chung va nhung dac trung rieng cua phat trien dd thi Trong su nghiep phat trien kinh te - xa hoi cua cac quoc gia, cac thi dong vai tro nhu nhung trung tarn quan cua su phat trien, cac hoat dong kinh te, van hoa da va se chu ydu didn or cac thi thon, tren co sd phat trien cong nghiep, giao thong van tai, xay dung, dich vu Do vay, thi hoa khong the tach roi mot che kinh te - xa hoi Nhu vay phat trien thi ben vung trudc het phai dam bao nguyen tac phat trien ben vung noi chung, song mat dan so d thi tap trung cao, trinh va nang luc san xuat cung tap trung cao nhat d khu vuc thi, trinh dan tri va nhu cau dcri song xa hoi d thi cung cao han va thi cung co nhieu van de xa hoi phuc tap han do phat trien thi ben vung cung se co nhung dac trung rieng d cac nude phat trien, thi hoa dac trung cho su phat trien cua cac nhan to cua qua trinh thi hoa Do thi hoa nang cao dieu kien song va lam viec, edng bang xa hoi thu hep va xoa bo khoang each giua thi va nong thon Do nen kinh te - xa hoi dat den trinh la nude phat trien thi dac trung ve phat tridn thi ben vung khong cd nhieu khac biet vdi quan niem chung ve phat trien ben vung cac nude dang phat tridn nhu d Viet Nam, thi hoa dac trung cho su bung nd ve dan so, md rong pham vi thi, sir phat trien ve cong nghiep, dich vu di cung vdi su gia tang ve nhiem moi truong, mau thuan giua thi va nong thon trd r r r \ \ nen sau sac su mat can doi, chenh lech ve muc thu nhap binh quan dau ngudi, chenh lech giua ngudi giau va ngudi ngheo d thi cang gia tang , se lam sinh nhieu van de phuc tap xa hoi cd tinh chat dac thu d khu vuc thi Do noi dung phat trien thi ben vung d cac nude dang phat trien nhu d Viet Nam phai xem xet den cac yeu to dac thu d khu vuc thi dd dam bao muc tieu chung cua phat trien ben vung a) Trong link vuc phat trien kinh te dd thi: thac cd hieu qua cac nguon lire qua trinh phat trien Ket qua cua tang truong va phat trien kinh te thi la thuc day nhanh qua trinh thi hoa, nang cao doi song va nang cao thu nhap, tang gia tri san pham (GO), tang tong san pham quoc noi (GDP) va tang tich luy Nhung tang truong va phat trien kinh te thi cung lam phat sinh nhieu van de xa hoi phuc tap nhu viec canh tac, chenh lech giua thi va nong thon, chenh lech giau ngheo cang gia tang Khi md rong san xuat va phat trien md rong thi van de moi truong se trd nen kho kiem soat hon va d nhiem moi truong se gia tang neu khong duac quan tarn dung muc tir dau 116 Theo ong (ba) thi hai nam qua tinh hinh da co thay doi nhu the nao doi voi bon noi dung cua dan chu co sb? Dan biet % Dan ban % Dan lam % Dan kiem tra% Xau hon Nhom Nhom 2,7 4,1 4,5 3,6 3,3 3,0 5,3 3,2 Khong thay ddi Nhom Nhom 41,8 22,7 41,3 27,5 39,5 27,5 37,4 Tot hon Nhom Nhom 36,7 68,9 33,4 62,9 38,7 64,7 27,9 25,8 61,6 Khon g biet Nhom Nhom 5,7 17,4 19,8 6,0 18,5 4,9 29,4 9,4 Cau hoi F6: ' > ' Diem nao bon noi dung sau can duoc du luan quan tam nhieu hon? - Dan - Dan - Dan - Dan biet ban lam kiem tra Nhom 37,1% 25,2% 8,3% 29,4 Trung binh 34,0% 23,5% 12,4% 30,2% Nhom 27,8% 24,4% 17,5% 30,4% Cau hoi F7: Theo ong (ba) thi tim each nao tot nhat d£ ung ho cac chu truong, chinh sach cua Chinh phu viec thuc hien dan chu b co so? Mot so nguoi duoc hoi dua nhieu hon mot y kien (# 100%) Nhom Nhom Trung binh Moi nguoi dan can dam nhan trach nhiem nhieu hon 18,7 6,2 12,5 Chinh quyen can thiet lap don vi co trach nhiem thuc hien quy dinh cua Chinh phu ve dan chu b co sb 15,8 7,3 11,6 Cac co quan doan the quan chung (Hoi Phu nu, doan nien ) can tich cue hon viec thuc hien quy che dan chu b co sb r Chinh quyen va nhan dan tim co che phu hop thuc hien quy che dan chu b co sb 20,5 11,2 15,9 45,2 75,2 60,2 Noi dung de xuat a 117 Phu luc THU TUONG CHINH PHU Sd:109/2006/QD-TTg CQNG HOA XA HOI CHU NGHIA VIET NAM Doc lap - Ty - Hanh phuc Ha Noi, 19 thang nam 2006 QUYET DINH Phe duyet De an Quy hoach tong the phat trien phd Nam Dinh tro* Trung tam kinh te, van hoa, xa hoi cua Vung Nam dong bang song Hong THU TUONG CHINH PHU Can cu Luat To chuc Chinh phu 25 thang 12 nam 2001; Xet de nghi cua Bo truong Bo Ke hoach va Dau tu tai Van ban so 8696/BKH/TD&GSDT 14 thang 12 nam 2005; To trinh so 269fTr-UB 22 thang nam 2005 va Van ban so 423/UBND-VP5 16 thang 11 nam 2005 cua ny ban nhan dan tinh Nam Dinh ve viec phe duyet De an Quy hoach tong the phat trien phd Nam Dinh tro Trung tam kinh te, van hoa, xa hoi cua Vung Nam dong bang song Hong, QUYET DINH : Dieu Phe duyet De an Quy hoach tong thd phat tridn phd Nam Dinh tro Trung tam kinh te, van hoa, xa hoi cua Vung Nam dong bang song Hong vdi nhung noi dung chu yeu sau: I CHUC NANG CUA THANH PHO NAM DINH DOI V(J1 VUNG NAM DONG BANG SONG HONG Trung tam cua mot sd nganh cong nghiep Trung tam dao tao Trung tam khoa hoc - cong nghe Trung tam y te, cham soc sue khoe va nghien cuu y hoc Trung tam van hoa, du lich Trung tam the thao r II PHUONG HUONG PHAT TRIEN KINH TE - XA HQI CUA THANH PHO NAM DINH DEN NAM 2020 118 Quan diem va muc tieu phat trien: a) Quan diem phat trien: - Phat trien Nam Dinh de dam bao vi tri, vai trd cua Thanh phd ddi vdi Vung Nam ddng bang song Hong cang tang len, co ddng gop cang nhieu vao tang trudng kinh te cua Vung - Phat trien phd Nam Dinh vdi tam nhin dai han, hudng tdi van minh, hien dai va giu gin duoc ban sac rieng biet cua Thanh phd Gan phat trien kinh te vdi chinh trang, md rong thi va phat tridn kdt cau tdng - Xay dung phd Nam Dinh mang lai loi ich khong chi cho ngudi dan Thanh phd va tinh Nam Dinh ma cho ca Vung Nam ddng bang song Hong - Phat trien dua vao noi luc va loi the cua Thanh phd, nhat la loi the ve vi tri dia ly va nguon nhan luc, tranh thu su giup cua Trung uong ddi vdi cac cong trinh cd tinh chat vung va thu hut dau tu tu ben ngoai - Phat trien kinh te gan vdi cac linh vuc xa hoi, dao tao nguon nhan luc cho Thanh phd, cho Tinh va Vung - Phat trien kinh te gan vdi bao dam quoc phong, an ninh; la dia ban yeu giu vung an ninh, quoc phong cho ca Vimg va Thu Ha Noi b) Muc tieu phat trien: - Muc tieu tdng quat: xay dung phd Nam Dinh phat trien, hien dai nhung r + Phat trien nganh co khi, dien, dien tu trd nganh cong nghiep mui nhon; do, chu phat trien ca nong nghiep, dong mdi va sua chua tau a r r r r thuyen, lap rap va san xuat phu tung o to, xe may, san xuat phu tung thiet bi det may, ca my nghe xuat khau + Cong nghiep cong nghe cao: dau tu phat trien cac nganh cong nghiep dien tu - tin hoc, cong nghe vat lieu mdi, cong nghe sinh hoc; xay dung trung tam cong nghe thong tin quy md Vung + Cong nghiep det may: phat trien cac doanh nghiep diem nhu: Cong ty det Nam Dinh, Cong ty det lua Nam Dinh, Cong ty cd phan det may Nam San, Cong ty cd phan may Nam Dinh, Cong ty cd phan may Song Hong, Cong ty cd 121 phan may Nam Ha, Tao dieu kien de thu hut von dau tu nudc ngoai cho nganh det may thay ddi thiet bi, cong nghe hien dai; tao dieu kien phat trien cac co sd san xuat dan doanh + Cong nghiep che bien luong thuc, thuc phim: phat trien manh cong nghiep che bien luong thuc, thuc pham, uong Hinh cac doanh nghiep didm Dau tu xay dung mdi, md rong, ddi mdi cong nghe cac doanh nghiep, co sd san xuat + Cong nghiep vat lieu xay dung: cac doanh nghiep san xuat vat lieu xay dung duoc dau tu thiet bi hien dai; ddng thdi, nghien cuu san xuat mot sd loai vat lieu mdi + Mot sd nganh cong nghiep khac: tri cac co sd san xuAt hien cd; khuydn r r r r t r khich cac co sd dan doanh phat tridn san xuat bao bi, giay, cac chat tay rua, che bien cac san pham tir go, tre nua Phat tridn cong nghiep san xuat duoc pham, nhat la ddng dupe + Xay dung cac khu cong nghiep Hoa Xa, My Trung, Thanh An, Bao Minh, Hdng Tien va cac khu - cum cong nghiep tap trung khac b) Thuong mai, dich vu, du lich: - Phat tridn cac co sd thuong mai, dich vu Xay dung cac trung tam thuong mai, hoi cho - tridn lam, sieu thi; xay dung, nang cap mang ludi cho - Phat tridn cac loai hinh dich vu nhu: van tai, buu chinh - vidn thong, tai chinh, ngan hang, kiem toan, bao hiem - Md rong quy md, loai hinh dich vu, nang cao chat luong he thong co sd vat chat ky thuat nganh du lich theo tieu chuan quoc te Gan phat tridn du lich vdi ton tao, bao ton cac di tich lich su, van hoa; khoi phuc va phat tridn cac le hoi Da dang hoa cac loai hinh du lich xay dung, nang cap cac diem tham quan du lich, cac khu vui choi giai tri cd quy md cap Vung, he thong co sd luu tru du lich dat tieu chuan quoc te, cac trung tam tridn lam, gidi thieu san pham c) Giao due - dao tao: - Phan dau xay dung he thong dao tao dat chuan theo quy dinh, d mdi bac hoc co it nhat mot trudng tieu bieu chat luong cao Vu tien dau tu xay dung mot sd co sd dao tao da nganh nghe dac trung nhu che bien nong - thuy san, nghe thu cong, my nghe xuat khau r r r r - Sap xep quy hoach lai he thong dao tao tren dia ban Thanh phd mot each hop ly, dam bao dap ung du ve co sd vat chat, doi ngu giao vien dat chuan, ddng bo, cd chat luong cao - Gan dao tao vdi nghien cuu khoa hoc va chuydn giao cong nghe 122 - Tang cudng ca sd vat chat cho cac truong dai hoc hien co Nang cap, lap mdi mot so co sd dao tao khac, phu hop quy hoach chung d) Khoa hoc - cong nghe: Dau tu ngudn luc cho viec nghien cuu khoa hoc va phat trien cong nghe tai cac trudng dai hoc, cao dang, trung hoc chuyen nghiep, day nghe Hinh trung tam ung dung cong nghe sinh hoc; td chuc lai cac trung tam su nghiep d) Y te va cham soc sue khoe: Xay dung benh vien da khoa cap Vung quy md 700 giudng; xay dung trung tam y te du phong du nang luc de giam sat, phan tich va thong bao dich benh kip thdi ca Vung; ho tro ky thuat y te du phong cho cac tinh Vung Phat trien Trung tam sue khoe lao dong va mdi trudng cua Tinh; xay dung trung tam kiem r r r r soat va phong chong HIV/AIDS Xay dung mdi, nang cap va sap xep lai cac benh vien da khoa va chuyen khoa Nghien cuu lap trudng Cao dang ky thuat y duoc Xay dung ca sd vat chat cua Trung tam y te Thanh phd; cung cd y te xa, r r r \ •> r phuong, phan dau cac tram y te deu dat chuan quoc gia e) Van hoa - thong tin: Coi viec phat huy cac gia tri van hoa truyen thong Gan viec ton tao, nang cap cac khu di tich lich su, van hoa va td chuc le hoi phat trien du lich Tap trung xay dung mot sd cong trinh van hoa cd quy md ldn, cd kha nang phuc vu cho ca Vung nhu: Khu di tich lich su thdi Tran, Bao tang tdng hop; cac khu vui chai giai tri, trung tam dien anh sinh vien Xay dung trung tam phat va truyen hinh cap Vung tai phd Nam Dinh g) The due - the thao: Xay dung phd Nam Dinh trd Trung tam huan luyen, dao tao van dong vien tai nang tre va td chuc thi dau cua Vung Cd dAy du didu kien td chuc cac cuoc thi dau the due, the thao nudc va quoc te, cac dai hoi the due - the thao, cac hoat dong van hoa quan chung Ket hop giua phat trien the due - the thao quan chung vdi phong trao the thao tich cao Dau tu xay dung ca sd vat chat cho nganh the due - the thao nhu: Khu lien hop the thao tai nang tre, Trung tam huan luyen quoc gia, Khu lien hop thd thao quy md vung, Trung tam y te the due - the thao h) Nong nghiep - ngu nghiep: Phat trien nong nghiep theo hudng dau tu tham canh, ap dung cong nghe sinh hoc; su dung giong cay trong, vat nuoi cho nang suat, chat luong cao Xay dung nen nong nghiep theo hudng san xuat hang hoa Tiep tuc chuyen ddi co cau nong nghiep, da dang hoa cay trong, vat nuoi; ket hop vdi cong nghiep che bien vira va 123 nho Md rong cac loai hinh dich vu nong nghiep Md rong dien tich nuoi thuy san d cac ho, ao Phat trien md hinh lua - ca d vung trung Uu tien ddu tu san xuAt giong thuy san nudc ngot; xay dung cac co sd dao tao nghe, co sd che bien, dich vu, thuong mai thuy san Ket hop phat trien nong nghiep - ngu nghiep vdi du lich sinh thai, gan vdi bao ve tai nguyen, mdi trudng sinh thai Phat trien he thong ket cau tang: a) Mang ludi giao thong: Phat trien dong bo he thong giao thong van tai tao mang ludi hoan chinh, lien hoan, lien ket duoc cac phuong thuc van tai, dam bao giao thong thong suot, nhanh chong an toan va thuan loi tren pham vi Thanh phd, toan Tinh va khu vuc Nam dong bang song Hong bao gom cac mang ludi dudng bo, dudng sat, dudng thuy b) Buu chinh - vien thong: Phat trien mang ludi buu chinh - vien thong theo hudng hien dai va da dang hoa cac loai hinh dich vu buu chinh - vien thong Nang sd may dien thoai binh quan len 25 may/100 dan vao nam 2010 va len 35 may/100 dan vao nam 2020 Xay mdi cac buu cue va diem cung cap dich vu buu chinh - vien thong cho cac phudng mdi lap, cac khu cong nghiep tap trung va cac khu dan cu ldn c) Cap dien: Tiep tuc tien hanh cai tao ludi dien KV va 35 KV ludi dien 22 KV; a r r a ngam hoa ludi dien the khu vuc trung tam Thanh phd cd dieu kien; cai tao cac tram bien ap hien cd tram 22/04 KV d) Cap nudc: Nang cong suat Nha may nudc Nam Dinh len 75.000 m3/ngay dem; giai doan tiep theo xay them mot sd nha may nudc mdi vdi cong suat 35.000 m3/ngay dem de den nam 2010 co tren 80% va den nam 2020 cd tren 90% dan sd duoc dung nudc may; cai tao va lap dat mdi he thong dudng ong dan nudc tho, dudng ong truyen dan va phan phoi nudc sach d) Thoat nudc va ve sinh moi trudng: - Hoan chinh mang ludi thoat nudc Thanh phd; xay dung he thong xu ly nudc thai, rac thai - Xay dung, cai tao, nang cap he thong cong vien, cay xanh - Xay dung mdi Id hoa tang tai nghTa trang Canh Phuong; quy hoach xay dung mdi cac nghia trang nhan dan - Xay dung phd Nam Dinh theo hudng xanh, sach, dep; bao ve canh quan ket hop hai hoa giua truyen thong, hien dai 124 e) Thuy lai: Cung co de, ke, cong; cung hoa mat de Nam Phong; tiep tuc kien co hoa kenh muong; xay dung cac tram bom phuc vu tuoi tieu Djnh hudng to chuc khong gian Thanh phd: a) Phan khu chuc nang: Du kien den nam 2020, Thanh duoc chia khu chuc nang, bao gdm: - Khu vuc trung tam (la khu cac cu): la noi dat trung tam chinh tri, hanh chinh, van hoa cua Tinh va Thanh - Khu phat trien md rong ve phia Bac: xay dung mot so cong trinh co quy mo, tinh chat Vung nhu: cong vien van hoa - du lich Tuc Mac, lang cd Tuc Mac, Khu di tich den Tran, Chua Thap, Khu lien hop the due - the thao, khu cac trudng dai hoc trung hoc chuyen nghiep va nghien cuu khoa hoc, cac benh vien - Khu phat trien md rong ve phia Tay va Tay Nam: bo tri cac khu cong nghiep tap trung, kho bai, la dau mdi giao thong dudng bo, dudng sat - Khu phat trien md rong ve phia Nam song Dao: cai tao, xay dung cac khu dan cu, lang xom cu mot quan the lang sinh thai Trong hoa, cay canh vdi xay dung md hinh lang sinh thai Vung dat phia Tay gan song Dao du phong de phat trien cong nghiep b) Dinh huangphat trien khong gian theo cac giai doan: - Giai doan I: tap trung phat trien khu thi mdi da duoc phe duyet va chinh trang, cai tao cac khu thi cu A - Giai doan II: phat trien dd thi ve phia Nam song Dao - Giai doan III: tiep tuc md rong phat trien thi ve phia Nam song Dao va phia Tay - Tay Nam Thanh phd c) Dinh huang phat trien kien true: - Xay dung phd Nam Dinh mang dam ban sac Vung Nam ddng bang song Hdng: gin giu cac phd cu, cac khu thi mdi xay dung theo kieu thi vudn Xay dung cac cua o vao Thanh phd A •> r ket hop cac cong trinh tieu bieu (diem nhan) nhu Trung tam thuong mai, Bao tang tong hop Budc di va cac chuong trinh, du* an uu tien dau tu: a) Buac di quy hoach phat trien Thanh phd: - Giai doan I (1 - nam) - Giai doan chuan bi: tien hanh lap quy hoach xay dung, quy hoach su dung dat va quy hoach chi tiet cac khu chuc nang Thuc hien cong tac to chuc bo may quan ly cua Thanh phd Xay dimg cac chinh sach uu dai nham thu hut nguon nhan luc chat luong cao, thu hut dau tu Phoi hop vdi cac Bo, > a r \ r 125 nganh dua cac cong trinh co quy md Vung vao quy hoach, kd hoach ddu tu cua cac nganh - Giai doan II (3 - nam) - Tao cac tien de co ban: xay dung co so vat chat, cac cong trinh co quy md Vung, mang ludi ket cau tang Thu hut manh dau tu vao cac khu cong nghiep tren dia ban Thanh phd - Giai doan III (8-10 nam) - Giai doan phat trien: hoan thien cac cong trinh cd quy md Vung; phat huy hieu qua cac cong trinh tren dia ban Thanh phd b) Cac chuang trinh uu tien nghien ciru dau tu: - Phat trien ket cau tang - Phat trien cong nghiep, tieu thu cong nghiep - Phat trien dich vu - Phat trien ngudn nhan luc va cac linh vuc van hoa - xa hoi - Phat trien nong nghiep - ngu nghiep c) Cac du an uu tien nghien cuu dau tu: (Chi tiet xem Phu luc kem theo) III MOT • SO GIAI PHAP CHU YEU THUC • HIEN • DE AN Cac giai phap huy dong von dau tu*: - Ngudn von dau tu tu ngan sach nha nudc (ngan sach trung uong, ngan sach dia phuong, ODA) chu yeu tap trung dau tu phat tridn he thdng kdt ciu tdng kinh te va tang xa hoi - De tang ngudn von dau tu tir ngan sach nha nudc can tang ty le tich luy tir noi bo nen kinh te cua Thanh phd, tiep tuc tri toc tang trudng cao va cd cac bien phap khuyen khich tiet kiem dd dau tu phat trien Trung uong va Tinh ho tro dau tu cac cong trinh ket cau tang ldn cd quy md, tinh chat Vung - Huy dong ngudn von dau tu cua cac doanh nghiep va cua nhan dan: Tiep tuc thuc hien cai each hanh chinh, tao mdi trudng dau tu thdng thoang; cd cac bien phap thu hut von dau tu va ngoai nudc, khuyen khich cac doanh nghiep va nhan dan dau tu san xuat, kinh doanh tren dia ban Thanh phd Tiep tuc thuc hien co che dau gia quyen su dung dat de thu hut von dau tu xay dung ket cau tang, cac khu thi mdi, cac khu cong nghiep - Huy dong von tin dung, lien doanh, lien ket va cac ngudn vdn hop phap khac dau tu Ve co’ che, chinh sach: Tap trung xay dung va thuc hien mot sd co che, chinh sach cac linh vuc: cong tac ke hoach hoa; quan ly dau tu, xay dung; quan ly ngan sach, quan ly hanh chinh, quan ly va su dung dat, quan ly thi trudng Chinh sach phat trien nguon nhan lire: Tang cudng dau tu cho cac linh vuc giao due - dao tao, y te, van hoa de nang cao sue khoe va trinh dan tri, tang ty le lao dong qua dao tao Sap xep lai va nang cao trinh doi ngu can bo quan ly nha nudc Lien ket, phoi hop vdi cac co sd dao tao, co sd khoa hoc - cong nghe d Trung uong va cac dia phuong khac de nang cao trinh cua can bo Thanh phd Cd chinh sach dai ngo de thu hut luc luong can r \ r 126 bo khoa hoc cho cac nganh cua Thanh Tang cudng cong tac boi dudng can bo quan ly doanh nghiep, mo rong dao tao nghd To chirc bo may quan ly: Nghien cuu phuong an to chuc bo may quan ly phu hop vdi chuc nang trung tam Vung; kien toan doi ngu can bo quan ly nha nudc cua Thanh phd Tang cudng cong tac quan ly thi: - Tang cudng cong tac quy hoach va quan ly thi theo quy hoach Tien hanh thiet ke thi va quan ly kien true cac dudng phd chinh cua Thanh phd de tao phong each va bo mat kien true rieng cua phd Nam Dinh Trung tam Vung Nam dong bang song Hong - Cd co che, chinh sach de giai quyet cac van de xa hoi md rong thi; chuydn ddi nghe nghiep, giai quyet viec lam, tai dinh cu - Tiep tuc phan cap cho Thanh phd van de quan ly, phat trien thi, nhat la xay dung va quan ly mang ludi ket cau tang thi Dieu De an duoc phe duyet duoc xem nhu mot tai lieu "khung" vdi nhung muc tieu, nhung dinh hudng va phuang hudng phat trien ldn, cac co che, chinh sach va cac giai phap to chuc thuc hien; lam co sd cho viec lap De an dieu chinh, md rong dia gidi Thanh phd, quy hoach tong the phat trien kinh te - xa hoi, quy hoach xay dung chung, quy hoach chi tiet xay dung, quy hoach va ke hoach su dung dat, cac quy hoach nganh khac, ke hoach nam, ke hoach hang nam va de xuat cac chuong trinh phat trien cung nhu cac du an dau tu cu the tren dia ban Thanh phd theo tinh than phat trien phd Nam Dinh trd Trung tam kinh te, van hoa, xa hoi cua Vung Nam dong bang song Hong Dieu Giao Uy ban nhan dan tinh Nam Dinh chu tri, phoi hop vdi cac Bo, nganh lien quan chi dao viec lap va trinh duyet theo quy dinh: - Dieu chinh, bo sung Quy hoach tong the phat trien kinh te - xa hoi cua tinh Nam Dinh phu hop vdi muc tieu phat trien phd Nam Dinh - Lap de an dieu chinh, md rong dia gidi hanh chinh phd Nam Dinh phu hop vdi tung giai doan phat trien, trinh Thu tuong Chinh phu xem xet, quyet dinh - Lap quy hoach, ke hoach su dung dat; quy hoach chung xay dung phd Nam Dinh - Lap quy hoach xay dung chi tiet va cac quy hoach nganh quan khac tren dia ban phd Nam Dinh - Nghien cuu ban hanh hoac trinh co quan nha nudc co tham quyen ban hanh cac co che, chinh sach cu the nham huy dong va su dung co hieu qua cac nguon luc, khuyen khich, thu hut dau tu de dam bao viec thuc hien tot nhung muc tieu, nhiem vu va phuong hudng phat trien phd Nam Dinh neu De an Dieu Giao cac Bo, nganh lien quan phoi hop va ho tro Uy ban nhan dan tinh Nam Dinh va phd Nam Dinh viec nghien cuu lap, dieu chinh, bo sung cac de an, quy hoach, ke hoach va cac co che, chinh sach noi tren; day nhanh viec dau tu, thuc hien cac cong trinh, du an co quy md, tinh chat vung da dupe quyet dinh dau tu tren dia ban Thanh phd Nghien cuu, xem xet dieu chinh, bo sung vao ■> • r r a 127 cac quy hoach phat trien nganh, ke hoach dau tu cac cong trinh, du an lien quan du kien se duoc dau tu tren dia ban Nam Dinh Dieu Quyet dinh co hieu luc sau 15 ngay, ke tu dang Cong bao Dieu Cac Bo truong, Thu truong co quan ngang Bo, Thu trudng co quan thuoc Chinh phu; Chu tich ny ban nhan dan tinh Nam Dinh chiu trach nhiem thi hanh Quyet dinh nay./ THU TUONG Phan Van Khai - Da ky 128 DANH MVC TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Tieng Viet Pham Lan Anh, quan ly chien luge, NXB khoa hoc va ky thuat (2004) TS Dinh Van An - TS Le Xuan Ba, tiep tuc xay dung va hoan thien the che kinh te thi truong d Viet Nam NXB khoa hoc va ky thuat (2006) ~ r r TS Dinh Van An, quan diem va thuc tien phat trien kinh te; xa hoi toe nhanh, ben vung chat luong cao d Viet Nam, NXB khoa hoc va ky thuat (2006) ■\ r Le Xuan Ba, Nguyen Thi Tue Anh, tang trudng kinh te Viet Nam 15 nam (1991-2005) tir goc phan tich ddng gop cua cac nhan to san xuat, NXB khoa hoc va ky thuat (2006) GS.TS Chu Van Cap, PGS.TS Tran Binh Trong cung tap the tac gia, giao r r r trinh kinh te chinh tri Mac-Lenin (dung cho khoi nganh kinh te-quan tri kinh doanh cac trudng dai hoc, cao dang) - (tai ban Ian thu nhat), NXB chinh tri Quoc gia 2005 PGS.TS Nguyen The Chinh, giao trinh kinh te va quan ly mdi trudng NXB Thong ke (2003) Tran Kim Chung - Vien nghien cuu quan ly kinh te Trung uong, bao cao danh gid thuc trang phat trien phd Nam Dinh (2004) GS.TS khoa Vu Huy Chuang, van de tao nguon luc tien hanh cong nghiep hod, hien dai hod, NXB chinh tri Quoc gia (2002) Tien sy Nguydn Dinh Cung, Pham Anh Tuan, Bui Van, GS Davit Dapice; lich sir hay chinh sach, tai cac tinh phia Bac khong tang trudng nhanh hon, UNDP (2006) 10 TS Doan Thu Ha, TS Nguyen Thi Ngoc Huyen, giao trinh chinh sach kinh te - xa hoi, NXB khoa hoc ky thuat (2000) 11 PGS.TS Dao Huy Huan, quan tri chien luoc toan cau hod kinh te, NXB Thdng ke 12 PGS.TS Phan Thuc Huan, kinh tephat trien, NXB Thong ke phd Ho Chi Minh (2006) 13 GS-TS Nguyen Dinh Huong, Thac sy Nguyen Huu Doan, giao trinh kinh te thi, NXB giao due (2002) 129 14 TS Nguyen Thi Bich Huong, chuyen ddi ca cau nganh kinh te d Viet Nanr, NXB chinh tri Quoc gia (2005) 15 TS Doan Van Khai, ngudn luc ngudi qua trinh cong nghiep hod, hien dai hod d Viet Nam, NXB ly luan chinh tri (2005) 16 PGS.TS Phan Thanh Khoi, PGS-TS Luong Xuan Hien, mot so van de kinh te xa hoi tien trinh cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa vung dong bang song Hong, NXB khoa hoc va ky thuat (2006) 17 ThS-KTS Nguyen Cao Lanh; Quy hoach dan vi a ben virng', NXB Xay dung (2006) 18 Nguyen Van Lap; tdi lieu tham khao dac biet; Ddng cong san Trung Quoc va van de cai each dan chu, TT XVN (2006) 19 PGS.TS Dang Thi Loan, GS.TS khoa hoc Le Du Phong, GSTS Hoang Van Hoa, kinh te Viet Nam 20 nam doi mdi (1986-2006) tuu va nhung van de dat ra, NXB dai hoc Kinh te Quoc Dan (2006) 20 Trinh Duy Luan, xa hoi hoc thi, NXB khoa hoc xa hoi (2004) 21 Do Hoai Nam, Vo Dai Luge, mot sd van de phat trien kinh te cua Viet Nam hien nay, NXB the gidi (2005) 22 GS-TS Nguyen Van Nam, PGS-TS Tran Tho Dat, toc va chat luqng tdng trudng kinh te a Viet Nam, NXB dai hoc Kinh te Quoc dan (2006) 23 GS-TS Bui Van Nhon, quan ly va phat trien ngudn nhan luc xa hoi, NXB Tu phap (2006) 24 Vu Hoang Ngan, Pham Thanh Nghi, quan ly ngudn nhan luc d Viet Nam, mot sd van de ly luan va thuc tien, NXB khoa hoc xa hoi (2004) 25 Pham Thanh Nghi, nang cao y thuc sinh thdi cong dong vi muc tieu phat trien ben vung, NXB khoa hoc xa hoi (2005) 26 GS-TS Vu Thi Ngoc Phung, giao trinh kinh te phat trien, NXB lao dong - xa hoi (2006) 27 GS.TS khoa hoc Nguyen Quang Thai, PGS.TS Ngo Thang Loi, phat trien ben vung d Viet Nam, tuu co hoi thach thuc va trien vong, NXB lao dong xa hoi (2007) 28 TS Vu Ba The, phat huy ngudn luc ngudi de cong nghiep hod, hien dai hod, NXB lao dong - xa hoi (2002) 130 29 Nguyen Tan Van- Thu truong Bo Xay dung, bao cao thuc trang, phuang huang nhiem vu quan ly quy hoach xay dung kien truc va phat trien thi a nuac ta (4/2003) 30 Dang Vinh, Dang Quang, Thanh Van, Viet Nam doi mai va phat trien, NXB tu dien Bach Khoa (2005) 31 Bo Xay dung: Tai lieu hoi nghi quan ly kien truc, quy hoach xay dung va phat trien thi (2003) 32 Hiep hoi: Do thi Viet Nam; Ky yeu hoi thao quan ly quy hoach va phat trien thi, kinh nghiem cua lien minh Chau Au (EU), Cong hoa lien bang Duc va Viet Nam (2006) 33 Hiep hoi: Do thi Viet Nam, di dan doi vai van de phat trien thi va nong thon (2006) 34 Ngan hang the gidi tai Viet Nam; Di dan voi van de phat trien thi va nong thon (2006) 35 Vien chien luoc -Bo Ke hoach va Ddu tu; Bao cao tOng hop quy hoach tong the phat trien Nam Dinh tro Trung tam vung Nam dong bang song Hong (2006) r Tieng Anh 36 Alan Coulthart, Nguyen Quang and Henry Sharpe; Urban Development Strategy, The Work Bank in VietNam (2006) 37 Camellia Stay kova (EWDWS), Bill Kingdom (EASUR); Chien luoc cap nudc va ve sinh, xay dung tren mot nen mong ben vung, Work Bank (2006) > r a 38 Gilbert.R va dong su; Bat thi phai lam viec - vai tro cua chinh quyen dia phuong moi truong thi Earthscan, London, UKA (1996)