Luận án tiến sĩ nghiên cứu thực nghiệm về tính chất cơ lý của bê tông sử dụng cốt liệu lớn tái chế từ chất thải rắn xay dựng và ứng dụng cho cột bê tông cốt thép chịu nén đúng

BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC XÂY DỰNG HÀ NỘI NGUYỄN THANH QUANG NGHIÊN CỨU THỰC NGHIỆM VỀ TÍNH CHẤT CƠ LÝ CỦA BÊ TƠNG SỬ DỤNG CỐT LIỆU LỚN TÁI CHẾ TỪ CHẤT THẢI RẮN XÂY DỰNG VÀ ỨNG DỤNG CHO CỘT BÊ TÔNG CỐT THÉP CHỊU NÉN ĐÚNG TÂM LUẬN ÁN TIẾN SĨ Ngành: Kỹ thuật xây dựng Mã ngành: 9580201 Hà Nội – Năm 2022 BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC XÂY DỰNG HÀ NỘI NGUYỄN THANH QUANG NGHIÊN CỨU THỰC NGHIỆM VỀ TÍNH CHẤT CƠ LÝ CỦA BÊ TƠNG SỬ DỤNG CỐT LIỆU LỚN TÁI CHẾ TỪ CHẤT THẢI RẮN XÂY DỰNG VÀ ỨNG DỤNG CHO CỘT BÊ TÔNG CỐT THÉP CHỊU NÉN ĐÚNG TÂM LUẬN ÁN TIẾN SĨ Ngành: Kỹ thuật xây dựng Mã ngành: 9580201 Người hướng dẫn khoa học: PGS.TS Nguyễn Hoàng Giang TS Nguyễn Ngọc Tân Hà Nội – Năm 2022 i LỜI CAM ĐOAN Tơi xin cam đoan cơng trình nghiên cứu Các số liệu, kết nêu luận án trung thực chưa cơng bố cơng trình khác Tơi xin hoàn toàn chịu trách nhiệm với nội dung kết luận án Tác giả luận án Nguyễn Thanh Quang ii LỜI CẢM ƠN Trước hết, xin nói lời cảm ơn sâu sắc tới hai thầy hướng dẫn dành nhiều công sức, thời gian định hướng khoa học suốt trình nghiên cứu hoàn thành luận án Đề tài luận án thực Trường Đại học Xây dựng Hà Nội, hướng dẫn khoa học PGS TS Nguyễn Hoàng Giang TS Nguyễn Ngọc Tân Tôi xin chân thành cảm ơn Tổng Công ty Giấy Việt Nam hỗ trợ công việc động viên giúp đỡ thời gian nghiên cứu Tôi xin chân thành cảm ơn Dự án SATREPS No JPMJSA1701 cho tham gia nghiên cứu chất thải rắn xây dựng Việt Nam Tơi xin cảm ơn Phịng Thí nghiệm Kiểm định cơng trình - Trường Đại học Xây dựng Hà Nội hợp tác tạo điều kiện trang thiết bị thực công việc thực nghiệm Tôi xin trân trọng cảm ơn Khoa Xây dựng DD&CN, Phòng Quản lý Đào tạo Bộ môn tạo điều kiện giúp đỡ cho suốt thời gian thực công tác nghiên cứu luận án Xin nói lời biết ơn đến người thân gia đình động viên chia sẻ khó khăn suốt thời gian thực luận án Tác giả luận án Nguyễn Thanh Quang iii MỤC LỤC MỞ ĐẦU 1 Lý chọn đề tài Cơ sở khoa học 3 Mục tiêu nghiên cứu 4 Đối tượng phạm vi nghiên cứu Phương pháp nghiên cứu Những đóng góp luận án Cấu trúc luận án CHƯƠNG 1: NGHIÊN CỨU TỔNG QUAN VỀ CHẤT THẢI RẮN XÂY DỰNG VÀ CÁC ĐẶC TÍNH CƠ HỌC CỦA BÊ TÔNG SỬ DỤNG CỐT LIỆU BÊ TÔNG TÁI CHẾ 1.1 Chất thải rắn xây dựng: thực trạng quản lý tái chế 1.1.1 Khái niệm chất thải rắn xây dựng .7 1.1.2 Thực trạng quản lý tái chế chất thải rắn xây dựng 1.2 Tổng quan nghiên cứu bê tông sử dụng cốt liệu tái chế từ bê tơng 19 1.2.1 Tính chất cốt liệu bê tông tái chế (CLBTTC) 19 1.2.2 Biện pháp nâng cao chất lượng cho CLBTTC 21 1.2.3 Nghiên cứu ảnh hưởng CLBTTC hỗn hợp bê tông 23 1.3 Tính chất lý bê tơng sử dụng CLBTTC 26 1.3.1 Cường độ chịu nén bê tông sử dụng CLBTTC 26 1.3.2 Mô đun đàn hồi bê tông sử sụng CLBTTC 29 iv 1.3.3 Tính co ngót bê tơng sử dụng cốt liệu bê tông tái chế .33 1.3.4 Quan hệ ứng suất biến dạng BTTC .35 1.3.5 Biến dạng dài hạn tính chất bê tông sử dụng CLBTTC 36 1.4 Kết cấu bê tông sử dụng cốt liệu bê tông tái chế 42 1.4.1 Một số nghiên cứu ứng dụng BTTC cấu kiện dầm, cột 42 1.4.2 Tính khả thi việc ứng dụng bê tông CLBTTC cấu kiện cột 45 1.5 Kết luận 47 CHƯƠNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP THÍ NGHIỆM TÍNH CHẤT CƠ LÝ CỦA VẬT LIỆU BÊ TÔNG SỬ DỤNG CỐT LIỆU BÊ TÔNG TÁI CHẾ 49 2.1 Cốt liệu bê tông tái chế từ CTRXD 49 2.1.1 Xác định tính chất lý vật liệu bê tông tái chế gốc 49 2.1.2 Quy trình sản xuất cố liệu bê tơng tái chế từ CTRXD 51 2.1.3 Tính chất lý cốt liệu bê tông tái chế 54 2.2 Thiết kế cấp phối bê tông sử dụng CLBTTC 64 2.3 Phương pháp thực nghiệm xác định tính chất lý bê tông sử dụng CLBTTC 66 2.3.1 Cường độ chịu nén bê tông 66 2.3.2 Mô đun đàn hồi theo bê tông 67 2.3.3 Thí nghiệm co ngót theo thời gian 68 2.3.4 Thí nghiệm từ biến theo thời gian .69 CHƯƠNG 3: KẾT QUẢ THỰC NGHIỆM XÁC ĐỊNH TÍNH CHẤT CƠ LÝ CỦA BÊ TÔNG SỬ DỤNG CỐT LIỆU BÊ TÔNG TÁI CHẾ 78 v 3.1 Sự phát triển cường độ chịu nén bê tông sử dụng CLBTTC theo thời gian 78 3.2 Sự phát triển mô đun đàn hồi bê tông sử dụng CLBTTC 81 3.3 Mối liên hệ cường độ chịu nén mô đun đàn hồi 83 3.4 Tính co ngót bê tông sử dụng CLBTTC 87 3.5 Quan hệ ứng suất biến dạng bê tông sử dụng CLBTTC 92 3.6 Biến dạng từ biến bê tông sử dụng CLBTTC 96 3.6.1 Kiểm tra nhiệt độ độ ẩm môi trường 96 3.6.2 Kết xác định biến dạng từ biến 98 3.6.3 Từ biến đặc trưng hệ số từ biến 103 3.7 Kết luận 104 CHƯƠNG 4: NGHIÊN CỨU THỰC NGHIỆM ỨNG XỬ NÉN CỦA CỘT BÊ TÔNG CỐT THÉP SỬ DỤNG CỐT LIỆU BÊ TÔNG TÁI CHẾ 106 4.1 Mở đầu 106 4.2 Thiết kế thí nghiệm cột BTTC chịu nén tâm 107 4.2.1 Mơ hình thí nghiệm 107 4.2.2 Quy trình thí nghiệm .109 4.3 Cấp phối bê tông 110 4.4 Ứng xử cột BTTC chịu tải nén dọc trục 112 4.4.1 Mơ hình thí nghiệm 112 4.4.2 Kết đo thí nghiệm cột .113 4.4.3 Dạng phá hoại mẫu cột BTTC 119 4.5 Kết luận 122 KẾT LUẬN 124 vi Kết luận 124 Kiến nghị 125 TÀI LIỆU THAM KHẢO 127 vii DANH MỤC CHỮ VIẾT TẮT CLTN : Cốt liệu tự nhiên CLBTTC : Cốt liệu Bê tông tái chế BTCLTC : Bê tông sử dụng cốt liệu tái chế BTCLTN : Bê tông sử dụng cốt liệu tự nhiên CLNBTTC : Cốt liệu nhỏ bê tông tái chế CLLBTTC : Cốt liệu lớn bê tông tái chế CTR : Chất thải rắn CTRXD : Chất thải rắn xây dựng CP0 : Bê tông tự nhiên đối chứng CP50 : Bê tông thay 50% CLBTTC CP100 : Bê tông thay 100% CLBTTC r (%) : tỷ lệ thay CLBTTC so với CLTN KLTT : Khối lượng thể tích N/X : Nước / Xi măng TCVN : Tiêu chuẩn Việt Nam fcm (MPa) : Cường độ chịu nén mẫu t (ngày) Pt (kN) : Tải trọng phá hoại mẫu t (ngày) F (mm2) : Tiết diện chịu lực mẫu Et (GPa) : Mô đun đàn hồi mẫu t (ngày)  : Ứng suất bê tông t (ngày)  : Biến dạng nén dọc trục t (ngày) 𝜀𝑡 (x10-6 m/m) : Giá trị co ngót t (ngày) c (x10-6 m/m) : Biến dạng từ biến viii DANH MỤC BẢNG BIỂU Bảng 1 Khối lượng CTRXD số địa phương [2] .10 Bảng Chiến lược quốc gia quản lý chất thải rắn đến năm 2025 11 Bảng Tái chế CTRXD số quốc gia 17 Bảng Tỷ lệ giảm cường độ chịu nén bê tông CLBTTC số kết nghiên cứu 28 Bảng Tỷ lệ giảm giá trị mô-đun đàn hồi thay 100% cốt liệu lớn tự nhiên cốt liệu lớn tái chế từ BT vỡ số nghiên cứu 30 Bảng Cường độ chịu nén mẫu bê tông khoan 51 Bảng 2 Khối lượng mẫu cốt liệu lớn để thử độ mòn va đập 57 Bảng Số lượng bi thép sử 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