Xuất khẩu đồ gỗ nội thất việt nam sang nhật bản

TRVONG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN ***** PHAM THI• PHUONG NGA • XUAT KHAU DO GO NOI THAT VIET NAM • • SANG NHAT BAN CHUYEN NGANH: QUAN TRI KINH DOANH THtfONG MAI LUAN VAN THAC SY QUAN TRI KINH DOANH NGIOI HUONG DAN KHOA HQC: TS NGUYEN THI XUAN HUONG daihocktqd TRUNG TAtfQWS 43$> THONG tin thG vo Ha Noi, Nam 2006 LOI CAM ON r r ~ r Trude het, tdi xin bay to long biet cm san sac ciia minh tai TS Nguyen Thi Xuan Huang, nguai da trice tiep hicdng dan toi hoan luan van bang nhicng kien thicc va kinh nghiem quy bau r r r y Cho phep toi bay to long biet an den khoa Sau dai hoc, den cac thay cd giao da tham gia giang day khoa hoc Tdi xin chan cam an nhicng nhan xet, y kien dong gop thiet thicc ciia cac thay cd giao khoa Thiccmg mai de luan van dicac hoan chinh Tdi vo cung cam an gia dinh, ban be, nhicng ngicdi da luon dong vien, giiip da tdi suot qua trinh hoc tap va lam luan van tot nghiep Fry r Cuoi cung, tdi xin bay to long biet an den cac thay giao phan bien, cac r thay hoi dong bao ve va tat cd dong nghiep da cho tdi nhicng nhan xet a A A quy bau de luan van se phat trien sau han ticang lai Ha Noi, 25 thang 09 nam 2006 Hoc vien Pham Thi Phuang Nga MUC LUC • • Danh muc cac chir viet tat Danh muc hinh va bang bieu Tom tat luan van Trang LOI MO DAU CHlTONG 1: NHUNG VAN DE CO BAN VE XUAT KHAU DO GO NOI BAN • THAT SANG NHAT • 1.1.1 Khai niem ve go noi that 1.1.2 Dac diem cua go noi that Viet Nam 1.2 Noi dung xuat khau go noi that 13 1.2.1 San pham xuat khau 13 1.2.2 Gid cd xuat khau 14 1.2.3 Kim ngach xuat khau 15 1.2.4 Thi trubng xuat khau 16 1.2.5 Hinh thuc xuat khau 16 r ? y ~ r 1.2.6 Cac boat dong nghiep vu xuat khau go noi that 18 r r 1.3 Thi truong Nhat Ban va nhung nhan to co’ ban anh huong den xuat khau go noi that sang Nhat Ban 20 1.3.1 Thi trubng go noi that Nhat Ban 20 r 1.3.1.1 Nhu cau tieu dung go noi that cua ngwai Nhat Ban.21 a a ~ 1.3.1.2 Tinh hinh san xuat go noi that nude .22 r 1.3.1.3 Nhu cau nhap khdu dd go noi that cua Nhat Ban 23 a y ~ 1.3.2 Cor hoi xuat khdu go noi that cua Viet Nam sang Nhat Ban thd'i gian qua 26 r r r x » r 1.3.3 Nhung nhan to anh hirong den xuat khdu dd go noi that sang Nhat Ban 27 r r 1.3.3.1 Thi hieu tieu dung go noi that cua ngieai Nhat Ban 27 1.3.3.2 Khi hau Nhat Ban 30 r 1.3.3.3 Nhiing dinh che vci doi hoi cua thi triecmg 30 1.3.3.4 He thong phan phoi go noi that 36 CHlTONG 2: TIIIC TRANG XUAT KHAU DO GO NOl • • • THAT VIET • NAM SANG NHAT BAN 40 2.1.1 Kim ngach xuat khdu 40 2.1.2 Thi trircrng xuat khdu 44 2.2 Thirc trang xuat khau go noi that Viet Nam sang Nhat Ban 46 2.2.1 He thong doanh nghiep xuat khdu go noi that Viet Nam sang thi trudng Nhat Ban 46 r 2.2.2 Cac bien phdp ma Viet Nam dd dp dung nham day mqnh xuat x khdu go noi that sang Nhat Ban 2.2.2.1 Cac bien phdp tie phia Nha ntedc 47 2.2.2.2 Cac bien phdp tiephia Hiep hoi 50 2.2.2.3 Cac bien phdp tiephia doanh nghiep 51 2.2.3 Hinh thirc xuat khdu dd go noi that Viet Nam sang Nhat Ban 54 2.2.4 Gid cd xuat khdu 54 ~ r 2.2.5 Kha nang canh tranh cua go noi that Viet Nam tren thi > trudng Nhat Ban 55 2.2.6 Ket qua xuat khau gO noi that Viet Nam sang Nhat Ban 59 r r ? r t 2.2.6.1 Ket qua xuat khau theo kim ngach xuat khau .59 r r r •> ? 2.2.62 Ket qua xuat khau theo co cau san pham 64 2.3 Danh gia chung ve hoat dong xuat khau go noi that Viet Nam sang Nhat Ban 66 2.3.1 Thanh tun 66 r 2.3.2 Han che va nguyen nhan 68 2.3.2.1 Nhung han che 68 2.3.22 Nguyen nhan 71 CHEONG 3: GIAI PHAP BAY MANH XUAT KHAU DO GO NOI • • THAT VIET NAM SANG NHAT BAN 79 3.1 Xu huong phat trien thi truong go noi that Nhat Ban va dinh huong xuat khau go noi that Viet Nam sang Nhat Ban nhung nam toi 79 3.1.1 Xu huongphat trien thi trudng go noi that Nhat Ban 79 r •? A r 3.1.2 Phuong huong va muc tieu xuat khau go noi that Viet Nam nhung nam toi 81 r \ ~ r 3.1.3 Dinh huong xuat khau go noi that Viet Nam sang Nhat Ban 85 3.2 Giai phap day manh xuat khau go noi that Viet Nam sang Nhat Ban 86 3.2.1 Nhung giaiphap tuphia Nha nude 86 3.2.1.1 Giai phap ve ca che chinh sach va moi trudng phap ly 86 3.2.1.2 Giai phap tao nguon nguyen lieu 89 3.2.1.3 Giaiphap ho trcr tai chinh cho hoat dong xuat khau 93 3.2.1.4 Giai phap ho trcr nang cao nang lye hoat dong cua cac doanh nghiep 96 3.2.1.5 Mot so kien nghi khac 99 3.2.2 Nhung giaiphap ticphia Hiep hoi 100 3.2.2.1 Giai phap bao ve lai ich cua doanh nghiep 101 3.2.2.2 Giai phap ho traxue tien thuang mai 101 3.2.2.3 Giai phap ho trcr hoat dong nghien ciru va trien khail04 3.2.3 Nhung giai phap ticphia doanh nghiep 104 3.2.3.1 3.2.3.2 Nghien ciru thi tricang va co hoi xuat khau 104 _ r r Xay dyng chien lucre kinh doanh xuat khau lau dai sang Nhat Ban 106 3.2.3.3 Nang cao tinh canh tranh cua san pham 106 3.2.3.4 Day manh hoat dong xue tien thircmg mai 112 3.2.3.5 Dao tao va phat trien nguon nhan lye 116 3.2.3.6 Huy dong va sic dung von cua doanh nghiep 117 3.2.3.7 Giai phap ve to chicc, quan ly nham taora hop lyc xuat khau go noi that sang Nhat Ban 119 KET LUAN 121 Tai lieu tham khao DANH MUC CAC CHU' VIET TAT ASEAN : Association of South - East Asian Nation CFR : Cost and Freight CIF : Cost, Insurance, Freight EU : European Union FDI : Foreign Direct Investment FOB : Free on board FSC : Forest Stewardship Council FTA : Free Trade Agreement Gross Domestic Product GDP GFTN : The Global Forest & Trade Network HS : Harmonized System IMF : International Monetary Fund JAS : Japan Agricutural Standard JETRO : Japan External Trade Organization JIS : Japan Industrial Standard ISO : International Standard Organization L/C : Letter of Credit VAT : Value Added Tax VFTN : Viet Nam Forest & Trade Network WB : World Bank WTO : World Trade Organization DANH MUC HINH VA BANG BIEU Trang r r \ /v Bang 1.1: Mang lurch cac co so che bien go Viet Nam Bang 1.2: Su phan bo cua cac co sb che bien go Viet Nam 10 Bang 1.3: Kim ngach nhap khau go noi that cua Nhat Ban 24 Bang 1.4: Co cau nhap khau go noi that cua Nhat Ban 25 Bang 1.5: Thong tin ghi tren nhan tirng loai san pham go noi that theo r Quy dinh cua Luat dan nhan chat lupng hang hoa tieu dung Nhat Ban 31 r r r r Bang 1.6: Y nghia cac dau chu lien quan den chat lupng va an toan cua hang hoa theo quy dinh cua Luat an toan san pham Nhat Ban 33 Bang 1.7: Thue suat nhap khau go noi that cua Nhat Ban 36 Hinh 1.1: Kenh phan phoi go noi that san xuat san 37 Hinh 1.2: Kenh phan phoi go noi that san xuat theo don dat hang 38 10 Bang 2.1: Kim ngach xuat khau go noi that tong kim ngach xuat khau cua Viet Nam 41 11 Bang 2.2: Kim ngach xuat khau go va go noi that cua Viet Nam 42 12 Hinh 2.1: Kim ngach xuat khau go noi that cua Viet Nam giai doan 1996-2005 43 13 Bang 2.3: Thi phan cac nude nhap khau go noi that chu yeu cua Viet Nam 44 14 Hinh 2.2: Thi phan binh quan cua cac nude nhap khau go noi that chu yeu cua Viet Nam giai doan 2001 - 2005 45 r \ r 15 Bang 2.4: Bang gia FOB mot so mat hang go noi that cua cac nude xuat khau chinh tren thi trubng Nhat Ban 55 16 Bang 2.5: Thi phan cac nude xuat khau go noi that sang Nhat Ban 56 r t x + r 17 Hinh 2.3: Ty tiring binh quan cua cac nude xuat khau go noi that sang Nhat Ban giai doan 1996 - 2005 58 18 Bang 2.6: Kim ngach xuat khau go noi that Viet Nam sang Nhat Ban 59 19 Hinh 2.4: Kim ngach xuat khau go noi that Viet Nam sang Nhat Ban 61 20 Bang 2.7: Ty kim ngach xuat khau go noi that sang Nhat Ban tong gia tri xuat khau go noi that cua Viet Nam 62 21 Bang 2.8: Ty kim ngach nhap khau go noi that Viet Nam tong gia tri nhap khau go noi that cua Nhat Ban 63 22 Bang 2.9: Co cau xuat khau go noi that Viet nam sang Nhat Ban 64 23 Hinh 2.5 : Co cau san pham go noi that xuat khau Viet Nam sang Nhat Ban giai doan 1996 - 2005 66 24 Bang 3.1: Muc tieu xuat khau go noi that cua Viet Nam giai doan 2006 - 2010 82 Ill + La cong cu de phat hien nhung khoan chi phi bat hop ly nham nang r r a t cao kha nang tiet kiem chi phi cac giai doan san xuat va xuat khau Khi bao gia, doanh nghiep xuat khau phai lua chon muc gia cu the hoac muc co cau gia de thong bao cho ngudi mua Dong thdi, bao gia, ngudi xuat khau cung phai dua nhung van de lien quan den luat le thuong mai, giup cho ca ngudi mua va ngudi ban hieu rd nghTa vu va quyen loi cua ho nhu cac khoan va dieu kien bdt gia, dong tien va phuong thuc toan Cac gidi phdp nang cao uy tin, thuxmg hieu cua san pham - r Ngudi tieu dung Nhat Ban rat coi chu tin moi hoat dong A A A kinh doanh, ho se mat long tin neu doanh nghiep xuat khau khong dam bao A chat lupng san pham cung nhu thdi han giao hang theo dung nhu quy dinh hop dong Do vay, cac doanh nghiep Viet Nam phai luon dam bao dung A A thdi han giao hang nhu da quy dinh Muon lam dupc dieu nay, ky ket hop dong vdi ddi tac Nhat Ban, cac doanh nghiep phai bat tay vao to chuc san xuat (tham chi la lien ket vdi cac doanh nghiep khac nudc de r \ •> a r cung san xuat) Dong thdi, phai tien hanh chuan bi cac phuong tien xep dd, van chuyen de co the nhanh chong van chuyen va tap trung hang cang A A A A A Neu doanh nghiep co du nang luc, nen phan dau xuat khau theo dieu kien giao hang CIF de chu dong viec thue tau van chuyen va mua bao hiem Ben canh do, de nang cao uy tin go noi that cua minh, cac doanh nghiep can phai tao dung dupc thuong hieu cho san pham tren thi trudng Nhat Ban, co nhu vay moi co dupc cho dung vung chac tren thuong trudng A A De xay dung thuong hieu, trudc het doanh nghiep can phai lua chon A r*> f dupc mot mo hinh thuong hieu hop ly, phu hop vdi mat hang go noi that A ~ A va dieu kien thuc tien cua doanh nghiep ve tai chinh, nhan luc, thi trudng Ddi vdi mat hang go noi that, doanh nghiep co the lua chon mot hai 112 mo hinh thuong hieu: mo hinh thuong hieu gia dinh (thuong hieu chung cho tat ca hang hoa, dich vu cua mot doanh nghiep) va md hinh thuong hieu tap the (thuong hieu cua mot nhom hay mot so thuong hieu hang hoa nao do, r r mot co so san xuat hoac cac co so khac san xuat va kinh doanh, thudng r r r r r la cung mot khu vuc dia ly, gan voi cac yeu to xuat xu, dia ly nhat r r dinh) Hai mo hinh rat phu hop vdi cac doanh nghiep vua va nho, han che ve tai chinh Md hinh thuong hieu tap the cd the khai thac tdi da tiem nang tu nhung vien Hiep hoi hay nhung loi the tu yeu to chi dan dia ly Be quang ba thuong hieu cho san pham tren thi trudng Nhat Ban, cac doanh nghiep che bien gd noi that Viet Nam can: + Dang ky hoan tat thu tuc ve so huu tri tue va ban quyen nhan ma A hang hoa tai co quan co tham quyen d Viet Nam (Cue so huu tri tue - Bo Khoa hoc va cong nghe) ~ A + Yeu cau Cue so huu tri tue Viet Nam hudng dan, giup va ho tro de dang ky bao ho thuong hieu tai thi trudng Nhat Ban + Nghien cuu luat ve quang ba san pham cua Nhat Ban va ap dung cac hinh thuc quang ba, xuc tien thuong mai theo dung quy dinh cua nudc AZ + Nghien cuu ky nhu cau, thi hieu cua ngudi tieu dung Nhat Ban de dua cac thuong hieu va hinh thuc quang ba phu hop nham tao an tuong manh me cho ngudi Nhat ve nhung net doc dao cua san pham Viet Nam + Tim kiem sir ho tro va giup cua cac Dai su, Thuong vu Viet Nam tai Nhat Ban, cac to chuc quoc te de thu xep on thoa cac tranh chap ve thuong mai tren thi trudng Nhat 3.2.3.4 Day manh hoat dong xuc tien thicang mai Xuc tien thuong mai se giup gay dupe su chu y cua khach hang doi vdi 113 san pham cua doanh nghiep, giup loi keo duoc nguoi tieu dung va goi dupe y ' ~ r muon san sang mua hang cua ho Do do, xue tien thuong mai la hoat dong circ ky quan trong viec dua san pham cua doanh nghiep tiep can va tham nhap sau vao thi trudng muc tieu Cac doanh nghiep can hieu ro hon tinh chat, dac diem hoi cho chuyen nganh cua Nhat Ban de viec tham gia hoi cho, trien lam, le hoi tai Nhat Ban co hieu qua thuc su, tranh lang phi Vi du nhu: hoi cho ban buon lai mang hang muc dich ban le hoac ngupc lai, hoi cho hoa tuoi lai mang go noi that de trung bay Ngoai ra, tai Nhat Ban, viec tham gia hoi cho, trien lam co y nghia va muc dich khac so vdi viec tham gia hoi cho, trien lam tai cac nudc nhu My va EU Tai Nhat Ban, tham gia hoi cho, trien lam vdi muc dich la gidi thieu san pham moi, tri quan he vdi khach hang dang kinh doanh va md rong quan he cac khach hang moi chu khong phai cu di hoi cho la doi hoi phai ky duoc hop dong nhu d cac nudc EU Chinh vi the, cac doanh nghiep che bien va kinh doanh go noi that cua Viet Nam can het sue chu y lua chon hoi cho cho phu hop va xac dinh dung muc dich tham gia hoi cho de chuan bi tot nhat Moi nam, tai Nhat Ban co khoang 30 hoi cho ldn nho ve gia dung, thu hut duoc dong dao doanh nghiep cac nudc tham du nhu: hoi cho Tokyo International Gift Show to chuc vao mua thu hang nam, thu hut tren 2.000 doanh nghiep tham gia; hoi cho International Furniture Fair Tokyo to chuc vao thang 11 hang nam vdi su cd mat cua khoang tren 500 doanh nghiep Ben canh viec tham gia vao cac hoi cho, trien lam, cac doanh nghiep kinh doanh go noi that cua Viet Nam cung nen quan tam den viec tang cudng cac hoat dong quang cao cho san pham cua minh tren cac phuong tien 114 quang cao tai Nhat Ban Nhat Ban co he thong bao trung uong va dia phuong ' ' A A rat da dang, phong phu cung vdi he thong cac kenh truyen hinh, bao gom ca truyen hinh cap Day la nhung phirong tien quang cao bien tai Nhat Ban Tuy nhien, cac doanh nghiep Viet Nam van chira tim den vdi nhung hinh thirc quang cao de bien, gidi thieu san pham Ddi vdi cac doanh nghiep vira va nho nhu Viet Nam, thich hop nhat la e r nen lua chon viec dang quang cao tren mot so tuan bao, nguyet san, dac san a (d Nhat cd khoang 2.250 bao) vi nd cd the giup chung ta nham dung vao ddi tuong khach hang Tuy nhien cung can chu y, hau het cac co quan bao chi, phat truyen hinh Nhat khong lien he true tiep vdi khach hang ma thong qua hang quang cao hang dau Nhat Ban la Dentsu Inc., Tokyu Agency, International Inc., Daikco Advertising Inc va Asatsu Inc Dong thdi, d thi trudng nay, nhin chung, thong diep ngon ngu va hinh anh dupc danh gia la cd hieu qua kieu quang cao giat gan, so sanh hoac noi xau doi thu canh tranh thuong khong dupc chap nhan va se tro vo hieu Cac doanh nghiep kinh doanh go noi that Viet Nam cung nen chu y tdi mot phuong tien quang cao cung rat hieu qua vdi chi phi tuong doi thap, la quang cao tren cac phuong tien giao thong cong cong Tai Nhat Ban, cac phuong tien giao thong cong cong hang nam van chuyen khoang 21 ty lupt r a ngudi nen neu quang cao tren cac phuong tien thi se truyen dat thong tin dupc tdi rat nhieu ngudi d du moi lua tuoi, gidi tinh, lam d nhieu nganh nghe vdi cac muc thu nhap khac •> r Mot hinh thuc khac ma cac doanh nghiep cd the ap dung, la xuat ban cac tai lieu xuc tien xuat khau nhu thu thuong mai, catalogue, tap gap Ddi vdi cac doanh nghiep co quy mo nhd, cd the thuc hien theo cac budc sau: + Budc 1: Xac dinh ro muc tieu cua chuong trinh xuc tien xuat khau 115 z z ' z ’ z Viec xac dinh muc tieu phai dua vao mot so yeu to nhu ly xuat khau, ke hoach khdi lupng xuat khau, san pham, gia ca va phuong thuc xuat khau + Buoc 2: Xac dinh khach hang muc tieu Day la noi dung rat quan trong, dam bao cho tai lieu xuc tien thuong mai dap ung dupe nhung thong tin ve san pham va doanh nghiep ma nhom khach hang chu yeu quan tam + Buoc 3: Lua chon cac phuong an Doah nghiep can so sanh cac phuong an va danh gia kha nang thich ung cua chung vdi yeu cau, doi hoi cua khach hang va muc tieu xuc tien Yeu cau co ban cua tai lieu la phai ngan gon ~ r az a r nhung van bao gom cac thong tin can thiet, trinh bay khuc triet Rat huu ich la dat minh vao dia vi khach hang Tai lieu xuc tien phai kich thich khach hang quan tam, doc va co kha nang thuyet phuc mua hang A + Buoc 4: Xay dung de cuong tai lieu, phac thao each trinh bay Noi e Z z dung chu yeu la noi dung tai lieu xuc tien va nhung minh hoa kem theo Noi z z dung thong tin phai don gian va tom tat, bao ham y tuong nha xuat khau, minh hoa phai ro rang, tham my va hap dan + Buoc 5: Chuan bi xuat ban tai lieu xuc tien xuat khau Noi dung chinh la chuan bi trang tri, sua chua noi dung trudc in va lua chon nha in Co the in nudc hoac tai thi trudng xuat nhung phai dam bao co ten nha in va ten nudc xuat khau Tiep den, chuan bi khau phat hanh tai lieu + Buoc 6: Tien hanh phan phat tai lieu, theo doi va danh gia hieu qua z tac dong den khach hang cua nd Cudi cung, de giup cac ban hang Nhat Ban cd the nhanh chong va Z Z A r thuan tien tim dupe cac doi tac xuat khau go noi that Viet Nam, cac doanh nghiep Viet Nam nen lap cac website de quang ba, gidi thieu cac san pham cua minh Website nen dupe thiet ke bang it nhat la hai thu tieng: Tieng Viet va Tieng Anh Trong website can gidi thieu that chi tiet ve doanh nghiep va 116 cac san pham go noi that ma doanh nghiep cung cap, cac dac tinh cua san A pham, cac dieu kien mua ban va tham chi la ca gia de khach hang tien can nhac, lua chon Co the thay rang, cac doanh nghiep xuat khau go noi that cua Viet Nam chua thuc su coi bien phap cac doanh nghiep Trung Quoc, Thai Lan, Indonesia dang so hiru nhung trang web go noi that cue ky chi tiet va an tuong 3.2.3.5 Dao tao va phat trien ngudn nhan luc Nguon nhan luc mot cong ty che bien go noi that xuat khau r gom: can bo quan ly thuong mai, can bo quan ly ky thuat, chuyen vien xuat e r A nhap khau va Marketing, cong nhan ky thuat Chinh vi the, de co mot nguon r nhan luc thuc su du manh, gop phan dua cong ty cang tien xa hon nua a a tren thi truong, doi hoi moi nhan vien va can bo doanh nghiep trudc tien phai la nhung nguoi gidi nghiep vu d vi tri hoat dong cua minh Muon vay, doanh nghiep can phai nang cao hon nua chuyen mon nghiep vu, tay nghe cua tat ca cac luc lupng lao dong noi tren - Can bo quan ly thuomg mai va quan ly ky thuat: r Doi ngu can bo quan ly thuong mai va quan ly ky thuat rat quan trong hoat dong cua cac doanh nghiep kinh doanh go noi that xuat khau, ho la nhung ngudi tham gia vao viec quan ly, dieu hanh, kiem soat toan bo cong viec Vdi chuc nang, nhiem vu cua minh, doi hoi ho phai la nhung ngudi thuc A su cd trinh chuyen mon, cd nang luc quan ly, cd tai ngoai giao va cd tam nhin chien luoc tot De xay dung dupe mot dpi ngu cac nha quan ly dap ung dupe yeu cau cua cong viec, doi hoi doanh nghiep phai lien tuc cho cac can bo quan ly cua r r minh di dao tao de cap nhap dupe nhung kien thuc moi nhat, phuc vu cho cong viec cua minh Ren luyen cho ho luon cd thdi quen theo doi, ghi nhan, 117 nghien cuu va phan tich cac thong tin co lien quan toi san pham cua doanhn nghiep, thi truong muc tieu, gia ca tren thi truong Chuyen vien xuat nhap khdu va chuyen vien marketing: - Can dao tao va tuyen chon mot ddi ngu chuyen vien xuat nhap khau va chuyen vien marketing nang dong, am hieu tuong tan ve thi trudng Nhat Ban bang each dau tu tai chinh cho doi ngu tham gia cac khoa dao tao ve ngoai ngu, marketing, xuc tien thuong mai Dong thdi, to chuc cho ho tham gia cac r \ z chuong trinh khao sat thuc te thi trudng go noi that Nhat Ban, giup ho hieu r r x r va nam bat nhu cau, thi hieu cua ngudi tieu dung Nhat Ban de tir do, nang cao kha nang dap ung cua san pham Ben canh do, cung can quan tam hon nua den viec huan luyen chuyen mon, phat trien nhan tai bang each cu di du hoc *> A ' r r tai Nhat de co dieu kien nghien cuu sau hon ve truyen thong dan toe, thi hieu, tap tuc, thoi quen tieu dung va tam ly cua khach hang Lao dong ky thuat: - Day la doi ngu lao dong true tiep tao nhung san pham cho doanh r r r r a nghiep, true tiep quyet dinh den chat lupng cua san pham Do do, can uu tien az a a dau tu dao tao ddi vdi doi ngu lao dong Can tao dieu kien cho ho tham AZ gia vao cac khoa dao tao de ho co co hoi nang cao tay nghe, tiep thu dupc nhung ky thuat moi de cd the tao dupc nhung san pham moi Ben canh dd, 9 X doanh nghiep cung nen thuong xuyen to chuc cac cuoc thi tay nghe de nhung cong nhan lao dong ky thuat thi dua cung nhau, tao dong luc de ho cang hoan thien tay nghe cua minh Huy dong va su dung von cua doanh nghiep 3.2.3.6 •> r r a z r r x De giai quyet van de von cac doanh nghiep che bien go noi that xuat khau, mot mat, doanh nghiep can dupc su ho trp tir phia Nha nudc, a r mat khac, doanh nghiep can chu dong tu tim each thao go, de khac phuc kho 118 khan ve von, doanh nghiep co the ap dung cac bien phap sau: - Doanh nghiep tu huy dong von bang each: + Co phan hoa doanh nghiep de phat hanh rong rai co phieu thong qua thi trudng chung khoan Thi trudng chung khoan la noi de doanh nghiep tham gia qua trinh tich tu va tap trung von co hieu qua cao, dam bao kip thdi nguon r \ r von cho nhu cau md rong san xuat - kinh doanh cua doanh nghiep + Huy dong von cua can bo, cong nhan vien noi bo doanh nghiep dudi hinh thuc vay ngan han hoac dai han vdi lai suat khuyen khich Dong thdi, an dinh mot muc dong gop hop ly bang tien tu luc luong lao dong mdi da du tieu chuan duoc tuyen dung vao doanh nghiep nhu la mot khoan thd chap bao dam + Khuyen khich ca nhan, to chuc, ke ca ngan hang va ngoai nudc, ' r ' r Viet kieu d nudc ngoai bo von dau tu dudi hinh thuc lien doanh lien ket, dong gop co phan hoac dau tu true tiep thong qua cac du an dau tu md rong xuat khau sang Nhat Ban hua hen mang lai hieu qua cao Day la nguon von tiem r r an ldn d ngoai xa hoi ma doanh nghiep can huy dong von tdi da cho su phat •> r trien thdi gian trudc mat ? a e - Tich luy von tic lai nhuan va khau hao: A Doanh nghiep ton tai va phat trien dupe nhd hoat dong kinh doanh co loi nhuan Vi vay, viec phan bo loi nhuan can dupe doanh nghiep danh ty le A A A ldn vao viec tang von luu dong thdi gian dau va d muc nhat dinh vao nhung nam sau A A A A Viec chuyen mot phan lpi nhuan lam von dau tu tai san xuat md rong la dudng tich luy von, tang cudng nang luc canh tranh cua doanh nghiep - Sic dung von: 119 Huy dong von phai di doi vdi nang cao hieu qua su dung von, vi vay, doanh nghiep phai tinh toan ky chu ky quay cua von, cac khau tac nghiep sat hup nham tang nhanh vong quay von kip huy dong von cho cac thuong vu tiep theo Theo tinh toan cua cac chuyen gia, doanh nghiep nao bo von cho r ■> mot thuong vu xuat khau voi khoang thoi gian thang ma thu ve 5% lai rong ' r ' tro len la dat hieu qua ve su dung von Doanh nghiep phai co ke hoach su r r dung von hop ly nhat theo thu tu: + Du tien von luu dong cho san xuat kinh doanh, cu the la thoa man A ' z ' nhu cau von mua nguyen lieu, von hang hoa, cac chi phi tieu thu va tiep thi + Von co dinh: uu tien cho viec dau tu doi moi cong nghe, trang thiet bi r r r r •> phuc vu cho lam viec va san xuat, che bien xuat khau + Tiet kiem chi phi san xuat - luu thong, chi phi van phong, tiep khach 3.2.3.7 Giai phap ve to chuc, quan ly nham tao hop two xuat khau go noi that sang Nhat Ban Thi truong go noi that Nhat Ban la thi truong co quy mo ldn vdi nhung don dat hang co gia tri cao Trong do, cac doanh nghiep che bien go noi that xuat khau cua Viet Nam hau het la nhung doanh nghiep vua va nho De phuc vu tot cho thi truong nay, cac doanh nghiep phai co su to chuc, quan ly that tot va hop ly de tao hop luc viec san xuat va dap ung nhu cau cua thi truong Nhat Ban r - Md rong lien doanh, lien ket Lien ket la mot giai phap het suc thiet thuc doi vdi cac doanh nghiep go noi that nho be cua Viet Nam trudc nhung don dat hang ldn cua cac nha nhap khau Nhat Ban Neu khong lien ket vdi nhau, doanh nghiep se khong the nao du nang luc san xuat theo quy dinh cua hop dong, va tu do, ho 120 se rat co the danh mat nhieu co hoi lon hon tuong lai Do do, cac doanh r r nghiep nen tim cho minh nhung doi tac tin cay, cung san xuat nhung mat hang tuong tu nhu minh vdi chat luong tuong duong de lien ket thuc hien cac hop dong xuat khau sang Nhat Ban lupng hang cua phia doi tac lien ket de dam bao tinh dong bo cua san pham, tranh tinh trang san pham co nhung chi tiet ky thuat khong dam bao yeu cau cua nha nhap khau, dan den thiet hai cho doanh nghiep viec thuc hien x r r 7 hop dong xuat khau, cung nhu anh’ huong den trien vong hop tac sau Dong thoi, cung can quy dinh that ro rang, chi tiet voi ve quyen lpi, trach nhiem, nghia vu giua cac bien lien ket viec thuc hien hop dong, tranh tinh trang mau thuan, tranh cai ve sau r x r r Ben canh viec lien ket bang each moi doanh nghiep san xuat mot so r r r lupng san pham nhat dinh thi cac doanh nghiep che bien cung nen huong toi su lien ket san xuat theo chuoi, tuc la moi doanh nghiep se lam mot khau de hoan chinh san pham Kinh nghiem tir nhung nudc cd the manh nhung nudc cd the manh xuat khau go noi that cho thay, chi cac doanh nghiep cung mot nganh cd su lien ket de san xuat thi mdi tap trung sue manh, tang kha nang xuat khau - Lien doanh, lien ket vdi cac ddi tac nude ngoai De tao dupc nhung san pham dap ung dupc nhung yeu cau khat khe cua khach hang Nhat Ban, cac doanh nghiep che bien go noi that cua Viet Nam cd the lien doanh, lien ket vdi de hop tac vdi cac doanh nghiep, chuyen gia nudc ngoai, dac biet la cac chuyen gia Nhat Ban de thiet ke, tao mau, tu van phap ly, tiep thi cung chia se thong tin ve thi trudng, tien tdi viec tu dao tao cac chuyen gia nudc dam trach cac vai tro noi tren 121 KET LUAN Nganh che bien go cua Viet Nam, vdi loi the ve nguon nguyen lieu go, lire luong lao dong doi dao vdi tay nghe cao, duoc sir quan tam dau tu cua Nha nudc da va dang cd nhung buoc phat trien manh me Tir nam 2004, go Z da chinh thuc tro mot nhung mat hang xuat khau chu luc cua Viet ' Nam, mang lai nguon thu ngoai te ldn, gop phan vao sir phat trien cua nen ■> z ' z ■* ~ kinh te, phai ke den sir dong gop rat to ldn cua mat hang go noi that (chiem khoang 80% kim ngach xuat khau go chung cua ca nudc) r r x r t r Trong so cac thi trudng xuat khau chu yeu cua go noi that Viet Nam, Nhat Ban dupe danh gia la thi trudng ldn vdi kim ngach luon tang deu dan qua cac nam va hien tai, Nhat Ban dang dung thu ve kim ngach xuat khau so cac thi trudng xuat khau diem ciia go noi that nudc ta Tuy r z x r r ~ nhien, tren thuc te, cac doanh nghiep che bien go noi that ciia Viet Nam gap nhieu kho khan kinh doanh tren thi trudng Nhat Ban sire canh no x r x tranh yeu, chua chu dong dupe nguon nguyen lieu go dau vao, cong tac Z xuc tien thuong mai chua hieu qua, tay nghe cong nhan lao dong kern, cong nghe che bien go lac hau Do vay, de tai “Xuat khau go noi that Viet Nam sang Nhat Ban” dupe nghien cuu vdi mong muon tim cac giai phap de giup day manh xuat khau gd noi that sang thi trudng Tren co so ket hop giua ly luan va thuc tien xuat khau gd noi that Viet Nam tren thi trudng Nhat Ban, luan van da cd nhung cong sau: - Luan van he thong hoa nhirng van de chung ve xuat khau go noi that sang Nhat Ban: Dua khai niem, dac diem va noi dung xuat khau gd noi that cung nhu nhung danh gia ve thi trudng gd noi that Nhat Ban va r r r •> x r cac nhan to co ban anh hudng den xuat khau gd noi that sang Nhat Ban 122 - Phan tich thuc trang va tim nhung diem manh, diem yeu cua xuat khau go noi that Viet Nam sang Nhat Ban thdi gian qua: Tong quat ve tinh hinh xuat khau go noi that cua Viet Nam thdi gian qua; danh gia thuc trang xuat khau go noi that Viet Nam sang Nhat Ban, tir rut r , nhung tuu, han che va tim nguyen nhan cua nhung han che - Dua nhung giai phap co tinh quyet dinh nhim day manh xuat khau go noi that Viet Nam sang Nhat Ban nhung nam tdi: Luan van dua nhom giai phap: Nhom giai phap tu phia Nha nudc, nhom giai phap tir phia Hiep hoi va nhom giai phap tir phia doanh nghiep Tuy vay, noi dung trinh bay luan van khong tranh khdi nhung * A < A A f f thieu sot nghien ciru bi han che nhieu ve thdi gian, so lieu Rat mong nhan duoc su dong gop cua cac thay, co giao va nhung ca nhan quan < A tam den de tai TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Tieng Viet Bo Throng mai (2000), Chien luoc xuat khau cua Viet Nam thdi ky 2001-2010 Bo Thuong mai (2004), Co hoi day manh xuat khau go va hang thu cong my nghe PGS.TS Tran Minh Dao & TS Vu Tri Dung (2002), Giao trinh Marketing quoc te, NXB Thong ke, Ha Noi r ■> r Ken Arakawa (2003), Xuat khau sang thi trudng Nhat Ban, Cac van de nghiep vu va kinh nghiem thuc tien, NXB Chinh tri quoc gia, Ha Noi TS Nguyen Thi Nhieu (2004), Giaiphcip chuyeu nham phat trien xuat khau nong, thuy san va hang thu cong my nghe sang thi trudng Nhat Ban, De tai nghien cuu khoa hoc cap Bo, Vien nghien cuu thuong mai Bo Thuong mai, Ha Noi GS TSKH Do Dinh Sam, Ks Le Quang Trung (2003), “Danh gia hieu qua kinh te rung cong nghiep o Viet Nam”, Thong tin chuyen de lam nghiep, So Tran Duc Sinh (2003), “Thuc trang va nhung giai phap doi vdi viec xuat khau san pham go Viet Nam”, Thong tin chuyen de lam nghiep, So Tap chi Thuong mai cac so nam 2004, 2005 GS PTS Tran Chi Thanh (1996), Giao trinh Quan tri kinh doanh Thuong mai quoc te, NXB Giao duc, Ha Noi 10.Thdi b ao kinh teViet Nam cac s onam 2204, 2005, 2000 11 Tong cue Thong ke (1996 - 2005), Nien giam thong ke cac nam tie 1996 - 2005, NXB Thdng ke, Ha Noi 12 Trung tam thong tin Bo Nong nghiep va Phat trien nong thon (2001 - 2006, Ban tin San xuat & Thi trieang, cac so nam 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 13 Trung tam thong tin Bo Nong nghiep va Phat trien nong thon (2003 - 2006), Thong tin chuyen de Khoa hoc Nong nghiep va Kinh te, cac so nam 2003, 2004, 2005,2006 14 Vu Huu Tuu (2002), Ky thuat nghiep vu ngoai thuang, NXB Giao thong, Ha Noi Tieng Anh 15 Japan Agricutural Standard 16 JETRO Japanese Market Report - Wooden Furniture 17 Japan Industrial Standard 18.Overview of countermeansures regarding sick house issue under the amended building standard Law 19.The household goods quality labeling Law Website 20.Bao dien tu - Thdi bao kinh te Viet Nam: www.vneconomy.com.vn 21 Bo Thuong mai Viet Nam: www.mot.gov.vn 22.Hai quan Nhat Ban: www.customs.go.jp 23.Hiep hoi Go va Lam san Viet Nam: www.vietfores.org 24 Tap chi Nghien cun Nhat Ban: www.ncnb.ptcenter.net 25 Trang tin Xue tien thuong mai - Bo Nong nghiep va Phat trien nong thon: www.agroviet.gov.vn 26 Trung tam thong tin Bo Thuong mai: www.vinanet.com.vn 27 To chuc xue tien thuong mai Nhat Ban: www.jetro.go.jp