Đ C NG ÔN T P KI M TRA H C K 1Ề ƯƠ Ậ Ể Ọ Ỳ A THEORY Pronunciation, vocabulary Unit 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Grammar Unit 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 I Modal verbs CAN 1 Form S + can/ can’t + V Can + S + V ? 2 The use[.]
SỞ GD & ĐT HÀ NỘI Trường THPT Phúc Thọ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 Năm học 2021 2022 ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP KIỂM TRA HỌC KỲ 1 A. THEORY Pronunciation, vocabulary Unit 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Grammar Unit 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 I. Modal verbs CAN 1. Form: S + can/ can’t + V. Can + S + V ? 2. The use: Chỉ khả năng ai đó biết làm gì ở hiện tại Eg: I can swim but I can't sew Can you speak English? Yes, I can / No, I can't * Dùng trong lời u cầu ai làm gì Eg: Can you get me the pen ? Yes, certainly / Sorry, I can't *Dùng trong lời xin phép làm gì Eg: Can I have some more coffee? (Tơi có thể xin chút cà phê nữa đượ chứ?) COULD 1. Form: S + could/ couldn't + V. Could + S + V ? 2. The use * Chỉ khả năng ai đó biết làm gì trong q khứ Eg: I could swim when I was 10 * Dùng trong lời u cầu lịch sự Eg: Could you tell me the way to the bank please? * Được dùng khi muốn xin phép làm gì Eg: Could I speak to Mr Baker? * So sánh giữa could và was/were able to (có thể) Could để chỉ khả năng nói chung was / were able to để chỉ khả năng ai đó làm một việc gì trong một tình huống cụ thể Eg : He could swim when he was 10 His house got fire yesterday. Luckily, he was able to get out of it. MUST 1. Form: S + must + V. S + don’t have to/ need to + V. Must + S + V? 2. The use * Diễn tả điều chắc chắn xảy ra ở hiện tại Eg: He's been walking for two hours. He must be very tired * Diễn tả một nghĩa vụ, điều cần thiết phải làm Eg: You must work hard. (Anh phải làm việc chăm) * So sánh giữa must và have to (phải) Have to có thể được dùng ở hiện tại, q khứ hoặc tương lai Eg: I have to clean the door now. / We had to go to Hai Phong yesterday. You’ll have to come here tomorrow Must khơng được dùng ở q khứ. Dùng had to thay must trong q khứ Eg: You must go to London now / tomorrow. He had to go to London yesterday Mustn't do sth: Khơng được phép làm gì Eg: You mustn't smoke here. (Các anh khơng được hút thuốc ở đây) You don't have to do this. (Anh khơng cần phải làm việc này) MAY (CĨ LẼ) 1. Form * S + may/ mayn't (may not) + V. May + S + V? 2. The use *Dùng để đưa ra phỏng đốn 20212022 Eg: He may be in his room now. (Có lẽ anh ấy đang ở trong phịng) = Perhaps/ Maybe/ It's possible that he is in his room now Eg: She may be watching TV now. (Có lẽ cơ ấy đang xem ti vi) = Perhaps/ Maybe/ It's possible that she is watching TV now Eg: He may go to London tomorrow. (Ngày mai có thể nó sẽ đi London) = Perhaps/ Maybe/ It's possible that he will go to London tomorrow * Dùng trong câu xin phép Eg: May I sit here? * Dùng trong lời đề nghị Eg: May I do this for you? MIGHT 1. Form: S + might/ mightn't (might not) + V. Might + S + V? 2. The use: Giống như cách sử dụng của May SHOULD (NÊN) 1. Form: S + should/ shouldn't (should not) + V. Should + S + V? 2. The use: Dùng trong lời khuyên Eg: You should drink milk. / You shouldn't smoke OUGHT TO = SHOULD 1. Form: S + ought to/ oughtn't to + V. Ought + S + to + V? 2. The use: Cách dùng giống như should NEED (CẦN) 1. Form: S + need/ needn't + V. Need + S + V? 2. The use * Diễn tả điều cần thiết phải làm Khi need là động từ khuyết thiếu, nó thường được dùng với câu hỏi và câu phủ định Need có thể được dùng như động từ thường. Sau need là động từ nguyên thể (toinfinitive) Eg: Do I need to go? / You don't need to go./ She needs to go * Cách sử dụng đặc biệt của need Needs doing / to be done. (Cái gì đó cần được làm) Eg: Your hair needs cutting / to be cut II. Linking verbs: Động từ nối * Tính chất: Khơng diễn đạt hành động mà diễn đạt trạng thái hoặc bản chất sự việc Đằng sau chúng phải là tính từ chứ khơng phải là trạng từ Khơng được chia ở thể tiếp diễn dù dưới bất cứ thời nào Be, become, remain cịn có thể đứng trước một cụm danh từ chứ khơng chỉ tính từ: Ex: They remained sad even though I tried to cheer them up. (adjective) He remained chairman of the board despite the opposition. (noun) * Động từ nối gồm: be, appear, feel, become, seem, look, remain, sound, smell, stay, taste Ex: Mary feels bad about her test grade Children become tired quite easily * Note: Một số động từ có cả 2 nghĩa: Action verbs và Linking verbs Các động từ sau sẽ có 2 nghĩa, ở cả dạng action verbs và state verbs. Với ý nghĩa là action verb thì động từ đó có thể được dùng ở dạng tiếp diễn. Tùy từng trường hợp cụ thể chúng ta sẽ sử dụng ý nghĩa của nó khác nhau. Một số động từ sâu đây have, think, look, smell, taste, weigh, measure Ex1: These socks smells awful. /Sy is smelling his socks Ex2: This fish tastes delicious. /He is tasting his wife’s eel soup III. CLEFT SENTENCE * Form: It + is / was + THÀNH PHẦN ĐƯỢC NHẤN MẠNH + that + THÀNH PHẦN CÒN LẠI CỦA CÂU Câu chẻ được dùng để nhấn mạnh một thành phần của câu như chủ từ, tân ngữ hay trạng từ 1. Nhấn mạnh chủ từ (Subject focus) a. It + is / was + Noun / pronoun (người) + who/that + V + O … 20212022 Ex: My brother collected these foreign stamps → It was my brother who collected these foreign stamps b. It + is / was + Noun (vật) + that + V + O … Ex: Her absence at the party made me sad → It was her absence at the party that made me sad 2. Nhấn mạnh túc từ (Object focus) * It + is / was + Noun / pronoun + that + S + V… Ex: I met Daisy on the way to school. → It was Daisy that I met on the way to school Ex: My brother bought an old motorbike from our neighbor → It was an old motorbike that my brother bought from our neighbor 3. Nhấn mạnh trạng từ (Adverbial focus) It + is / was + Adverbial phrase + that + S + V … Ex1: We first met in December. → It was in December that we first met Ex 2: I was born in this village. → It was in this village that I was born 4. Cleft sentences in passive a. It + is / was + Noun / pronoun (person) + who/ that + be + P.P… Ex: Fans gave that singer a lot of flowers. → It was that singer who was given a lot of flowers. b. It + is / was + Noun (thing) + that + be + P.P… Ex1: People talk about this film. → It is this film that is talked about. IV. TOINFINITIVE AFTER CERTAIN ADJECTIVES AND NOUN PHRASES 1. Noun phrase + TOinfinitive Some nouns can be followed by a toinfinitive. Many of these nouns have been formed from adjectives or verbs normally followed by a toinfinitive: The ability to cooperate with others is as important as managing on our own Our decision to close the firm was a difficult one to make We were surprised at his offer to take us home As a result of his failure to pay the mortgage, his house was foreclosed She showed no willingness to help Nouns followed by the toinfinitive ability chance arrangement goal reminder recommendation opportunity advice choice attempt desire permission request refusal order agreemen decision determination plan requirement reluctanceway intention t demand dream preparation suggestion willingness motivation ambition appeal eagerness promise tendency wish need anxiety failure proposal offer IT + linking verb + N (+ FOR + somebody) + TOinfinitive It's a pity (for them) to lose such a good player It's a privilege (for me) to be invited to this conference It would be a mistake (for you) to hire him. N + TOinfinitive to express necessity or possibility There is a lot of work to do around the farm. (There is a lot of work that we need to do around the farm.) I have some emails to write. (I have some emails that I have to write.) She had two more clients to call that afternoon. (She had two more clients that she had to call that afternoon.) Let's get something to eat. (Let's get something that we can eat.) 2. Adjectives + TOinfinitive * Sometimes the toinfinitive gives a reason for the adjective: disappointed/ glad/ sad/ happy/ anxious/ pleased/ surprised/ proud/ unhappy… We were happy to come to the end of our journey = We were happy because we had come to the end of our journey John was surprised to see me 20212022 = He was surprised because he saw me * Other adjectives with the toinfinitive are: able/ unable/ due/ eager/ keen/ likely/ unlikely/ ready/ prepared/ unwilling/ willing Unfortunately I was unable to work for over a week I am really tired. I’m ready to go to bed * We often use the toinfinitive with these adjectives after it to give opinions: difficult/ easy/ possible/ impossible/ hard/ right/ wrong/ kind/ nice/ clever/ silly/ foolish It’s easy to play the piano, but it’s very difficult to play well He spoke so quickly it was impossible to understand him * We use the preposition for to show who these adjectives refer to: difficult/ easy/ possible/impossible/hard It was difficult for us to hear what she was saying * We use the preposition of with other adjectives: It’s kind of you to help It would be silly of him to spend all his money 3. V+ (O) + to V 1. agree: đồng ý 18. hope: hy vọng 35. volunteer: tình nguyện 2. aim: nhằm mục đíc 19. learn: học 36. vow: dụ dỗ 3. appear: có vẻ 20. manage: xoay xở 37. wish: ước 4. arrange: sắp xếp 21. neglect: lơ đãng 38. want: muốn 5. ask: yêu cầu 22. offer: đề nghị 39. need: cần 6. attempt: cố gắng 23. plan: có kế hoạch 40. (can’t) wait: đợi 7. bother: phiền 24. prepare: chuẩn bị 41. expect: mong đợi 8. care: để ý 25. pretend: giả vờ 42. intend: có ý định 9. choose: chọn 26. proceed: tiếp nối 43. would like/ would love: thích 10. claim: cơng bố 27. promise: hứa 44. beg: cầu khẩn 11. decide: quyết định 28. prove: chứng tỏ 45. begin/ start: bắt đầu 12. demand: yêu cầu 29. refuse: từ chối 46. afford: đủ khả năng 13. determine: định đoạt 30. resolve: nhất quyết 47. be willing: sẵn sàng 14. fail: thất bại 31. seem: dường như 48. be able: có thể 15. guarantee: bảo đảm 32. swear: thề 49. expect: mong đợi 16. happen: xảy ra 33. tend: có xu hướng 50. intend: có ý định 17. hesitate: do dự 34. threaten: dọa 52. prefer: thích hơn V. GERUND VERBS 1. As a subject of a sentence (làm chủ ngữ trong câu): Ex: Swimming is good for your health. Reading is my son’s hobby 2. As a complement of a sentence (làm bổ ngữ trong câu sau tobe): Ex: Her favourite pastime is reading . The most important thing is learning from your mistakes 3. Object after some verbs (làm tân ngữ sau một số động từ): S + V + Ving avoid (tránh) deny (phủ nhận) admit (thừa nhận) 10 dislike (khơng thích) = hate advise (khun nhủ) 11 enjoy (thích)=like = feel like appreciate (đánh giá) =love =fancy complete (hồn thành) 12 finish (hoàn thành) consider (xem xét) 13 imagine (tưởng tượng) continue (tiếp tục) = go on 14 mention (đề cập) = keep on = carry on 15 mind (phiền, ngại) delay (trì hỗn) = postpone 16 miss (nhớ, bỏ lỡ) 20212022 17 postpone (hỗn lại) 24 resent (bực tức) 18 practice (luyện tập) 25 resist (kháng cự) 19 quit (nghỉ, thôi) 26 risk (rủi ro) 20 keep (cứ làm gì) 27 spend (sử dụng thời gian, tiền bạc,.) 21 recall (nhắc nhở, nhớ) 28 suggest (đề nghị) 22 recollect (nhớ ra) 29 tolerate (tha thứ) 23 recommend (nhắc nhở) 4. Object after the preposition (làm tân ngữ sau giới từ): in, on, at, of, by, with, without 5. Object for some phrases and expressions (làm tân ngữ cho một số từ/ cụm từ) * busy + Ving: bận rộn làm gì: Ex: She is busy packing now * (not) worth + Ving: đáng (khơng đáng) làm gì Ex: This project is worth spending time and money on * It + tobe + no good/use+ Ving: khơng có ích khi làm gì Ex: It is no good talking to him * There’s no (little) point (in) + Ving: vơ ích khi làm gì đó (Chú ý: There is no point (in) + Ving = It is pointless + to V(infi) = It is no good/ use + Ving = It is not worth + Ving: vơ ích khi làm gì) * spend/ waste + time/ money + Ving: Dành/ lãng phí thời gian (tiền bạc, ) làm gì Ex: He usually spends much time preparing his lessons She wasted all the afternoon having small talks with her friends * It + be + a waste of time/ money + Ving: lãng phí thời gian (tiền bạc) làm gì Ex: It was a waste of time reading that book. It was rubbish. * have difficulty (in) + Ving: gặp khó khăn khi làm gì have trouble (in) + Ving : gặp rắc rối khi làm gì have fun (in) + Ving: có niềm vui khi làm gì * prefer + Ving to Ving: Thích làm gì hơn làm gì * catch sb + Ving: bắt quả tang ai đang làm gì Ex: If she catches you reading her diary, she will be furious * find/ see + sb/st + Ving: thấy ai/cái gì đang làm gì Ex: I found a tree lying across the road last night * look forward to + Ving * be/ get used to + Ving * object to + Ving * go + Ving: để hoạt động đặc biệt (Go fishing/ camping/ shopping/ jogging/ swimming * can’t stand/ bear/ help + Ving: khơng thể khơng làm gì V. The past simple and present perfect 1. The Present Perfect tense: Cách thành lập: (+) S + have/has+ V3/ed () S + have/has + not + V3/ed (?) Have/Has + S + V3/ed ? Cách dùng chính: Thì HTHT dùng để diễn tả: Một hành động xảy ra trong q khứ khơng xác định rõ thời điểm Một hành động xảy ra trong q khứ, cịn kéo dài đến hiện tại. (Đi với since hoặc for) Một hành động vừa mới xảy ra hoặc xảy ra gần so với hiện tại. (Thường có: just, recently, lately…) Các trạng từ thường dùng với thì HTHT: just (vừa mới), recently/lately (gần đây), ever (đã từng), never (chưa bao giờ), yet (chưa), already (rồi), since (từ khi – mốc thời gian), for (khoảng), so far/until now/up to now/up to the present (cho đến bây giờ), several times, for the last ten years 2. The past simple tense Cách thành lập: + S + V2/ed + O S + was/were + O 20212022 S + did + not + V inf + O S + was/were + not + O ? Did + S + V inf + O? Was/Were + S + O? Cách dùng chính : Thì q khứ đơn dùng để diễn tả hành động xảy ra và hồn tất trong q khứ với thời gian xác định rõ. Các trạng từ thường được dùng: yesterday, ago, last week/month/year, in the past, in 1990 3. The Present Perfect tense vs The past simple tense * Thì HTHT được dùng để chỉ một q khứ khơng rõ thời điểm cịn liên hệ với hiện tại * Thì QKĐ được dùng để chi một q khứ có thời điểm rõ rệt cắt đứt với hiện tại * Thì Simple Past cịn được dùng để diễn đạt 1 chuỗi các hành động xảy ra liên tiếp trong q khứ He closed all the windows, locked the doors and then went out 4. Transformation Pattern 1: S + started + to V/ Ving + time ago/ time S have (has) Vpp/ been Ving + for time/ since time Pattern 2: S + have/ has never + Vpp before It’s the first time S + have/ has + Vpp Pattern 3: S + have/ has + not + Vpp for time. It is time since S + last + Ved Pattern 4: S + last + Ved + time ago./ The last time + S + Ved + was + time ago/ in time S + haven’t/ hasn’t + Vpp for/ since time Pattern 5: This is the + most adj/ adjest + N + S have/ has ever + Vpp S have/ has never + Vpp such a/ an + adj + N S have/ has never + Vpp a more adj/ adjer + N than that Pattern 6: S + didn’t + V until ………… It was not until ……… that S + Ved/ V2. Not until …… + did + S + Vbare B. EXERCISES PHONETICS Ex 1. Choose the underlined part which is pronounced differently from the rest A. decide B. decisive C. decision D. reliable A. priority B. privacy C. determined D. strive A. charity B. campaign C. donate D. attitude A. integrate B. independent C. determined D. access A. possession B. discussion C. profession D. decision A. charter B. chance C. charity D. brochure A. internal B. international C. Internet D. interrupt A. partnership B. charter C. hard D. scholarship A. capable B. amazing C. motivate D. charity 10 A. campaign B. cognitive C. celebrate D. confident Ex 2. Choose the word whose stress pattern is different from the rest 1. A. purpose B. confident C. policy D. provide A. republic B. develop C. currency D. promote A. Manila B. Singapore C. Malaysia D. Cambodia A. solidarity B. cooperation C. opportunity D. popularity A. heritage B. integrate C. development D. principle A. nation B. hospital C. volunteer D. college A. figure B. limit C. frozen D. increase A. advice B. contact C. mature D. maintain A. purpose B. confident C. policy D. provide 10 A. brochure B. conflict C. donate D. outer 11 A. wheelchair B. visual C. project D. involve 12 A. unite B. impaired C. legal D. digest 13 A. govern B. graceful C. healthcare D. infect 14 A. advantage B. practical C. hopeful D. market 15 A. unemployment B. possibility C. qualification D. university 20212022 GRAMMAR LINKING, STATE VERBS AND GERUNDS My husband the food while I am cooking. It is very annoying A. always tastes B. is always tasting C. tasted D. has always tasted I about getting a new job. A. think B. to think C. am thinking D. thinking Now I _ how difficult dancing is, so I’ll never criticize your performance any more A. am knowing B. knows C. know D. am known I with you that people shouldn’t drink and drive A. certainly agree B. am certainly agreeing C. am certainly agreed D. agree certainly This coffee right A. is not tasting B. is not taste C. was not tasting D. does not taste What about the war? A. do you think B. are you thinking C. you are thinking D. you think What about going to the Italian restaurant? B. That great! A. sounds B. feels C. becomes D. looks The chef the meat cautiously before presenting it to the President A. ate B. served C. tasted D. looked The doctor her leg carefully to see if there weere any broken bones A. looked B. saw C. felt D. seemed 10 I’m sorry I said it. I so bad about it. Please forgive me. A. appear B. feel C. look D. was 11 She was excited a letter from her mother last week A. to receive B. receive C. receiving D. to receiving 12 We are very surprised Peter at the party A. seeing B. see C. seen D. to see 13 She has the well with work pressure A. able to cope B. ability for coping C. ability to cope D. ability coping 14 I am very pleased more about 3R A. knew B. knowing C. known D. to know 15 She did a funny little curtsy which Josh and Silver couldn't help at A. laugh B. laughing C. to laugh D. to laughing 16 We are looking forward out at the weekend. A. go . B. going C. to go D. to going 17 You should give up your sister. A. being bullied B. bullied C. bullying D. to bully 18 She is used to loud music. A. listen B. listening C. to listen D. to listening 19 I'm in a difficult position. What do you advise me ? A. do B. doing C. to do D. to doing 20 She is used to loud music. A. listen B. listening C. to listen D. to listening LANGUAGE FUNCTION 21 What are you going to do this weekend? _ A. I don’t like going out B. We intend to visit my grandparents C. I’m very tired D. It’s a good idea 22 – Can you play table tennis? _. A. No, thanks B. No, it’s too hard for me C. Yes, I could D. You must be kidding 23 “Can I try your new camera?” “_. .” 20212022 ... Khơng được chia ở thể tiếp diễn dù dưới bất cứ thời nào Be, become, remain cịn có thể đứng trước một cụm danh từ chứ khơng chỉ tính từ: Ex: They remained sad even though I tried to cheer them up. (adjective) He remained chairman of the board despite the opposition. (noun)... 1. Nhấn mạnh chủ từ (Subject focus) a. It + is / was + Noun / pronoun (người) + who/that + V + O … 2021? ?2022 Ex: My brother collected these foreign stamps → It was my brother who collected these foreign stamps... We were happy to come to the end of our journey = We were happy because we had come to the end of our journey John was surprised to see me 2021? ?2022 = He was surprised because he saw me * Other adjectives with the toinfinitive are: able/ unable/ due/ eager/ keen/ likely/ unlikely/ ready/