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Tổng hợp toàn bộ các lý thuyết về cách sử dụng, cấu trúc câu, dấu hiệu nhận biết, cũng như các lưu ý và một số dạng bài tập luyện tập về 12 thì trong tiếng anh (hiện tại quá khứ tương lai đơn, hiện tại quá khứ tương lai tiếp diễn, hiện tại quá khứ tương lai hoàn thành)
GRAMMAR A TENSES I, SIMPLE TENSES ( THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN ) : LÝ THUYẾT: Thì đơn (Simple Present tense) dùng để diễn đạt hành động mang tính thường xun (regular action), theo thói quen (habitual action) hành động lặp lặp lại có tính quy luật, diễn tả chân lý thật hiển nhiên FORM: (+) S + TOBE / Ves(s) + O + A (-) S + IS / ARE / AM + NOT + O DON’T / DOESN ‘T + V (?) (WH) + DO/ DOES + S + V + O Yes, S + do/does No, S + do/ does +not IS/ARE/AM + S + O Yes, S + is/ are/ am No, S + is/are/am +not (+) Cách dùng : Thì đơn diễn tả thật hiển nhiên, chân lý Ex: The sun rises in the East and sets in the West (Mặt trời mọc hướng Đông lặn hướng Tây) Thì đơn diễn tả hành động xảy thường xuyên, thói quen Ex: Anna often goes to school by bicycle.(Anna thường đến trường xe đạp) He gets up early every morning.(Anh dậy sớm sáng Thì đơn diễn tả lực người Ex: He plays badminton very well (Anh chơi cầu lông giỏi) Ngồi ra, đơn cịn diễn tả kế hoạch xếp tương lai, đặc biệt việc di chuyển Ex: The train leaves at am tomorrow (Tàu khởi hành lúc sáng ngày mai) Dấu hiệu : Allway = all the time = at the time = contantly As a rule : thường lệ Usually Whenever : Often = frequently Now a day : ngày Sometime = occasionally = at time Every / Each : Mỗi,hàng Rarely = seldom Several times : vài lần Hardly : gần ko rảnh rỗi Free time: thời gian Never : không Once/ twice/ three time: lần/ lần/ lần Lưu ý: + Động từ tobe: He, She, It + is You, We, They + are Ex.1: I am a student (Tôi học sinh.) Ex.2: They are teachers (Họ giáo viên.) Ex.3: She is my mother (Bà mẹ tôi.) + Động từ thường: I, You, We, They + V (nguyên thể) He, She, It + V (s/es) Ex.1: He always swim in the evening (Anh bơi vào buổi tối.) Ex.2: Mei usually goes to bed at 11 p.m (Mei thường ngủ vào lúc 11 tối) Ex.3: Every Sunday we go to see my grandparents (Chủ nhật tuần thường thăm ông bà) Quy tắc thêm s/es vào sau V thường: + Thông thường ta thêm “s” vào hầu hết V thường dannce – dances like – likes run – runs work – works + Những V tận s, ss, sh, ch, o, x thêm “es” miss – misses wash – washes watch – watches go – goes fix – fixes + Những V tận “y” • Trước Y nguyên âm (u, e, o, a, i) thêm “s” say – says buy - buys play – plays lay – lays • Trước Y phụ âm chuyển Y thành I thêm “es” cry – cries try – tries fly – flies study – studies dry – dries MỞ RỘNG: Cách phát âm phụ âm cuối "-s" (áp dụng cho tất từ, thuộc từ loại khác nhau) * Chú ý: cách phát âm phụ âm cuối phải dựa vào phiên âm quốc tế (international transcription) không dựa vào cách viết (spelling) – /s/: Khi từ có âm cuối /k/, /p/, /t/, /f/, /θ/ Ví dụ: likes /laɪks/; cakes /keɪks/; cats /kæts/; types /taɪps/; shops /ʃɒps/; laughs /lɑːfs/; cuffs /kʌfs/; coughs /kɒfs/; paths /pɑːθs/; months /mʌnθs/ – /iz/: Khi từ có âm cuối /s/, /ʃ/, /z/, /tʃ/, /dʒ/, /ʒ/ Ví dụ: misses /mɪsɪz/; places /pleɪsɪz/; buzzes /bʌzɪz/; rises /raɪzɪz/; sizes /saɪzɪz/; matches /mætʃɪz/; watches /wɒtʃɪz/; washes /wɒʃɪz/; dishes /dɪʃɪz/; manage /ˈmænɪdʒɪz/; changes /tʃeɪndʒɪz/; garages /ˈɡærɑːʒɪz/; rouge /ruːʒɪz/ – /z/: Khi từ có âm cuối phụ âm lại nguyên âm: /m/, /n/, /ŋ/, /l/, /g/, /b/, /d/, /r/, /v/, /ð/, /eɪ/, /aɪ/ … Ví dụ: cabs /kỉbz/; beds /bedz/; needs /niːdz/; bags /bỉɡz/; loves /lʌvs/; gives /ɡɪvs/; bathes /beɪðz/; clothes /kləʊðz/; apples /ˈæpəlz/; swims /swɪmz/; comes /kʌmz/; eyes /aɪz/; plays /pleɪz/ BÀI TẬP : Bài 1: Chia dạng từ ngoặc: I (be) at school at the weekend She (not study) on Friday My students (be not) hard working He (have) a new haircut today I usually (have) breakfast at 7.00 She (live) in a house? Where (be) your children? My sister (work) in a bank Dog (like) meat 10 She (live) in Florida 11 It (rain) almost every day in Manchester 12 We (fly) to Spain every summer 13 My mother (fry) eggs for breakfast every morning 14 The bank (close) at four o'clock 15 John (try) hard in class, but I (not think) he'll pass 16 Jo is so smart that she (pass) every exam without even trying 17 My life (be) _ so boring I just (watch) TV every night 18 My best friend (write) to me every week 19 You (speak) English? 20 She (not live) in HaiPhong city 21 She (not study) ……… on Saturday 22 He (have) ……… a new haircut today 23 I usually (have) ……….breakfast at 6.30 24 Peter (not/ study)……….very hard He never gets high scores 25 My mother often (teach)……….me English on Saturday evenings 26 I like Math and she (like)……….Literature 27 My sister (wash)……….the dishes every day 28 They (not/ have)……….breakfast every morning 29 The flight (start)……….at a.m every Thursday 30 I like Math and she (like)……….Literature 31 I (bake) cookies twice a month 32 My best friend (write) to me every week 33 Jane always (take care) of her sister 34 My family (have)……….a holiday in December every year 35 Martha and Kevin _ (swim) twice a week 36 She (help) the kids of the neighborhood 37 Mike (be) humour He always _ (tell) us funny stories 38 Tiffany and Uma (be) my friends 39 Yesterday, I (go) to the restaurant with a client 40 We (drive) around the parking lot for 20 mins to find a parking space 41 When we (arrive) at the restaurant, the place (be) full 42 The waitress (ask) us if we (have) reservations 43 I (say), "No, my secretary forgets to make them." 44 The waitress (tell) us to come back in two hours 45 My client and I slowly (walk) back to the car 46 Then we (see) a small grocery store 47 We (stop) in the grocery store and (buy) some sandwiches 48 That (be) better than waiting for two hours 49 Yesterday, I (go) to the restaurant with a client 50 We (drive) around the parking lot for 20 mins to find a parking space 51 When we (arrive) at the restaurant, the place (be) full 52 The waitress (ask) us if we (have) reservations 53 I (say), "No, my secretary forgets to make them." 54 The waitress (tell) us to come back in two hours 55 My client and I slowly (walk) back to the car 56 Then we (see) a small grocery store 57 We (stop) in the grocery store and (buy) some sandwiches Bài 2: Chọn dạng động từ : I don’t stay/ doesn’t stay at home We don’t wash/ doesn’t wash the family car Doris don’t do/ doesn’t her homework They don’t go/ doesn’t go to bed at 8.30 p.m Kevin don’t open/ doesn’t open his workbook Our hamster don’t eat/ doesn’t eat apples You don’t chat/ doesn’t chat with your friends She don’t use/ doesn’t use a ruler Max, Frank and Steve don’t skate/ doesn’t skate in the yard 10 The boy don’t throw/ doesn’t throw stones 11 Police catch/ catches robbers 12 My dad is a driver He always wear/ wears a white coat 13 They never drink/ drinks beer 14 Lucy go/ goes window-shopping seven times a month 15 She have/ has a pen 16 Mary and Marcus eat out/ eats out everyday 17 Mark usually watch/ watches TV before going to bed 18 Maria is a teacher She teach/ teaches students Bài 3: Hoàn thành câu: Eg: They/ wear suits to work? => Do they wear suits to work? she/ not/ sleep late on weekends => we/ not/ believe/ ghost=> you/ understand the question? => they/ not/ work late on Fridays => David/ want some coffee? => she/ have three daughters => when/ she/ go to her Chinese class? => why/ I/ have to clean up? => How/ you/ go to school/ ? => 10 what/ you/ do/ ? => _ 11 where/ John/ come from/ ? => _ 12 how long/ it/ take from London to Paris/=> _ 13 how often/ she/ go to the cinema/ ? => 14 when/ you/ get up/ ? => _ 15 how often/ you/ study English/ ? => 16 what time/ the film/ start/ ? => _ 17 where/ you/ play tennis/ ? => _ 18 what sports/ Lucy/ like/ ? => _ 19 how / they / get to work? => 20 how often / I / come here? => 21 where / she / live? => 22 why / you / eat so much chocolate? => 23 what / this machine / do? => 24 who / she / meet on Saturdays? => 25 how many brothers / she / have?=> 26 how much / this / cost? => 27 where / you / eat lunch? => 28 It/ be/ cloudy/ yesterday => _ II, SIMPLE PAST TENSES ( THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN ) : LÝ THUYẾT : Thì khứ đơn (Past simple) dùng để diễn tả hành động vật xảy khứ vừa kết thúc FORM: (+) S + WAS / WERE +O Ved / cột (-) S + WAS / WERE + NOT +O DIDN’T + V (?) (WH) + WAS / WERE + S + O Yes, S + was/ were No, S + was/ were + not DID + S + V + ? Yes, S + did No, S + didn’t (+) Cách dùng : Diễn tả hành động xảy chấm dứt khứ Ex: I went to the “Trang Quynh” movie with my boyfriend days ago (tôi xem phim “Trạng Quỳnh” với bạn trai vào ngày trước) Diễn tả thói quen khứ Ex: I used to go swimming with neighbor friends when I was young (Lúc nhỏ bơi với bạn hàng xóm) Diễn tả chuỗi hành động xảy liên tiếp Ex: I got up, brushed my teeth and then had breakfast (Tôi thức dậy, đánh ăn sáng) Dùng câu điều kiện loại 2: Ex: If you studied hard, you could pass the entrance examination (Nếu bạn học hành chăm chỉ, bạn đậu kỳ thi đại học) Dấu hiệu : Ago : cách From to : từ đến Yesterday : hôm qua In + năm khứ Last : trước In the past : khứ Lưu ý: Cách chia động từ khứ: Ta thêm “-ed” vào sau động từ: Thông thường ta thêm “ed” vào sau động từ: Ví dụ: Watch – watched / turn – turned/ want – wanted/ attach – attached/ Động từ tận “e” -> ta cần cộng thêm “d”: Ví dụ: type – typed/ smile – smiled/ agree – agreed Động từ có MỘT âm tiết, tận MỘT phụ âm, trước phụ âm MỘT nguyên âm -> ta nhân đôi phụ âm cuối thêm “-ed” Ví dụ: stop – stopped/ shop – shopped/ tap – tapped/ Ngoại lệ số từ không áp dụng quy tắc đó: commit – committed/ travel – travelled/ prefer – preferred Động từ tận “y”: - Nếu trước “y” MỘT nguyên âm (a,e,i,o,u) ta cộng thêm “ed” Ví dụ: play – played/ stay – stayed - Nếu trước “y” phụ âm (còn lại ) ta đổi “y” thành “i + ed” Ví dụ: study – studied/ cry – cried Cách phát âm "-ed": Đọc /id/ tận động từ /t/, /d/ Đọc /t/ tận động từ /ch/, /s/, /x/, /sh/, /k/, /f/, /p/ Đọc /d/ tận động từ phụ âm nguyên âm lại BẢNG ĐỘNG TỪ BẤT QUY TẮC (Irregular verbs) Động từ nguyên mẫu Quá khứ đơn Quá khứ phân từ Nghĩa động từ abide abode/abided abode / abided lưu trú, lưu lại arise arose arisen phát sinh awake awoke awoken đánh thức, thức be was/were been thì, là, bị bear bore borne mang, chịu dựng become became become trở nên befall befell befallen xảy đến begin began begun bắt đầu behold beheld beheld ngắm nhìn 10 bend bent bent bẻ cong 11 beset beset beset bao quanh 12 bespeak bespoke bespoken chứng tỏ 13 bid bid bid trả giá 14 bind bound bound buộc, trói 15 bleed bled bled chảy máu 16 blow blew blown thổi 17 break broke broken đập vỡ 18 breed bred bred nuôi, dạy dỗ 19 bring brought brought mang đến 20 broadcast broadcast broadcast phát 21 build built built xây dựng 22 burn burnt/burned burnt/burned đốt, cháy 23 buy bought bought mua 24 cast cast cast ném, tung 10 BÀI TẬP: Bài : Chia dạng động từ ngoặc : 1.If we meet at 9:30, we (have) _plenty of time 2.If you (find) _ a skeleton in the cellar, don’t mention it to anyone 3.The zookeeper would have punished her with a fine if she ( feed) _ the animals 4.If you pass your examination, we (have) _a celebration 5.Lisa would find the milk if she (look) _ for it in the fridge 6.What (happen) _if I press this button? 7.The door will be unlocked if you (press) _ the green button 8.I should have voted for her if I (have) _ a vote then 9.If you go to Paris, where you (stay) _? 10.If you (swim) _ in this lake, you’ll shiver from cold 11.If someone offered to buy you one of those rings, which you (choose) _? 12.The flight may be cancelled if the fog (get) _thick 13.If the milkman (come) _, tell him to leave two pints 14 I (call) _ the office if I were you 15 Someone (sit) _on your glasses if you leave them there 16.You would hear my explanation if you (not talk) _so much 17.What I (do) _if I hear the burglar alarm? 18.If you (read) _the instructions carefully, you wouldn’t have answered the wrong question 19.If Mel (ask) _ her teacher, he’d have answered her questions 20.I would repair the roof myself if I (have) _a long ladder 21.Unless they turn that radio off, I (go) _mad 22 If you were made redundant, what you (do) _? 23.We’ll have a long way to walk if we (run) _out of petrol here 175 24.If you shake that bottle of port, it (not be) _ fit to drink 25.If you spoke louder, your classmates (understand) _ you 26.I’ll probably get lost unless he (come) _with me 27.You (not have) _ so many accidents if you drove more slowly 28.If you (wear) _ a false beard, nobody would have recognized you 29.If she (leave) _ the fish here, the cat will eat it 30.You (have) _ no trouble at school if you had done your homework 31.Unless you (tell) the truth, I won’t help you 32.You’ll get pneumonia if you (not change) _ your wet clothes 33 If I had known that you couldn’t eat octopus, I (not buy) _ it 34.If they (hang) _ that picture lower, people would be able to see it 35.She (be) _able to walk faster if she didn’t have such highheel shoes 36.I (bring) _ you some beer if I had known that you were thirsty 37.If you had touched that electric cable, you (be) _ electrocuted 38.If the story hadn’t been true, the newspaper (not print) _ it 39 I (not buy) _ things on the installment system if I were you 40.Dan (arrive) _ safe if he drove slowly 41 I would have read the letter if I (know) it was from you 42 If Tony doesn’t help in the garden I _(not finish) my work in time 43 If you _ (not tell ) me about Maxwell’s birthday I would forget it 176 44 We (catch) the train earlier if Mary had found her purse 45 If Susan (learn) the poem she would have known the answer 46 If it _(be) too hot we will stop and get a cold drink 47 If i _t (not rain) today I would stay it home 48 If the Professor spoke clearly we (understand) him better 49 If you go on talking like that we _ (throw) you out 50 If Sasha (go) home now he would meet his own brother 51 If it rained , the streets (be) wet 52 If I (not tell) Jim the address he wouldn’t have found you 53 The bird _ (die) if you had caught it 54 What _(you, do) if you won the lottery ? 55 If the weather _(not change) we will reach the top of the mountain 56/ If today (be) _ Sunday, we wouldn’t have to work 57/ If she had had your address, she (write) _ to you 58/ We lost the match If you (play) _ for us, we (win) _ 59/ They would not be paid unless they (do) _ their work well 60/ If I became very rich, I (build ) _ a hospital for the poor 61/ If he (give) _ up smoking, as his doctor orders, he will be soon well again 62/ He (not, have) _ an accident if he had not been driving so fast 63/ If she (write) _ more carefully, she might not have made too many mistakes 64/ You would have to stay in bed unless your health (improve) _ 65/ If I (have) a typewriter, I could type it myself 66/ If you are kind to me, I (be) _ good to you 67/ He (come) _ if you waited 68/ If you (ring) _ the bell, the servant would come 177 69/ If I had known that the baby was hungry, I (feed) _ him 70/ If it (not, rain) _ a lot, the rice crop wouln’t grow 71 If we meet at 9:30, we (have) _ plenty of time 72 Lisa would find the milk if she (look) _ in the fridge 73 The zookeeper would have punished her with a fine if she (feed) _ the animals 74 If you spoke louder, your classmates (understand) _ you 75 Dan (arrive) _ safe if he drove slowly 76 You (have) _ no trouble at school if you had done your homework 77 If you (swim) _ in this lake, you’ll shiver from cold 78.The door will unlock if you (press) _ the green button 79 If Mel (ask) _ her teacher, he’d have answered her questions 80 I (call) _ the office if I (be) you 81 If they (listen) _ carefully, they might hear the woodpecker 82 If I had lain down on the sofa, I (fall) _asleep 84 The soil (not/dry out) _if you water the plants regularly 85 If you (give) _the young boy this stick, he’d hurt himself 87 If the cat hides in the tree, the dog (not/find) _ it 88 The students would have solved the problem if they (use) _their textbooks 89 If he washed his feet more often, his girlfriend (visit) _ him more often 90 Manh (read) _ the newspaper if he went by train 91 I would have read the letter if I (know) it was from you 92 If Tony doesn’t help in the garden I _(not finish) my work in time 93 If you _ (not tell ) me about Maxwell’s birthday I would forget it 94 We (catch) the train earlier if Mary had found her purse 178 95 If Susan (learn) the poem she would have known the answer 96 If it _(be) too hot we will stop and get a cold drink 97 If i _t (not rain) today I would stay it home 98 If the Professor spoke clearly we (understand) him better 99 If you go on talking like that we _ (throw) you out 100 If Sasha (go) home now he would meet his own brother 101 If it rained , the streets (be) wet 102 If I (not tell) Jim the address he wouldn’t have found you 103 The bird _ (die) if you had caught it 104 What _(you, do) if you won the lottery ? 105 If the weather _(not change) we will reach the top of the mountain 106 Dinner _ (be) fine if the meat weren’t cold 107 I’m sure Benny (come) if you wait a bit longer 108 If you ring the bell, somebody (answer) it 109 If Bert (see) you, he would have talked to you 110 You (find ) your ticket if you had looked into your pockets 111 You _ (fall) ill if you eat so much 112 What _(happen) if the door had not been opened? 113 If Chris asked you for a cigarette, (you, give) him one? 114 If you (buy) that big car, you would need a lot of money 115. _ (You, change) the colour of your hair if I asked you to so ? 116 If you give me the letter, I (post) it for you 117. (You, post) the letter if I had given it to you? 118 If the weather is fine, I (go) swimming 179 119 If you _ (not work) harder, you won't pass the exam 120 If they _ (go) skating if the lake were frozen 122 What would you have done, if you _(lose) your handbag? 123 What will happen if you (go) on holiday, if she hadn't been ill 125 If I _ (be) like you, I wouldn't watch such films 127 If you opened your eyes, you _(see) a wonderful world 128 People _(live) in peace if they stop fighting 129 If Tom so much,he (cannot drive) home 130 If we _ (not hurry) we would miss the train 131 He- (not spend) so much money if he weren't a happy person 132. _ (You, come ) , if you had had more time ? 133 If Jim _(study) the new words he would have got a better mark 134 If he were rich, he _(buy) the house 135 If you don't hurry you (be) late 136 If it wasn't so hot, we (play) football 137 If I (be) ill, would you visit me? 138 If Sean (not be) driving so fast, the police would not have stopped him 139 If I had sold my house, I (get) million pounds 140 If I (be) you I would I would it Bài : Chọn đáp án đúng: If I the same problem you had as a child, I might not have succeeded in life as well as you have a have B would have C had had D should have I you sooner had someone told me you were in the hospital a would have visited B visited C had visited 180 D visit more help, I would call my neighbor a needed B should I need C I have needed D I should need then what I know yesterday, I would have saved myself a lot of time and trouble over the years a had I known B did I know C If I know D If I would know Do you think there would be less conflict in the world if all people the same language? a spoke B speak C had spoken D will speak If you can give me one good reason for your acting like this, this incident again a I will never mention B I never mention D I don’t mention c will I never mention If I had known you were asleep, I so much noise when I came in a didn’t make c won’t make B wouldn’t have made D don’t make Unless you all of my questions, I can’t anything to help you a answered answering B answer C would answer Had you told me that this was going to happen, I it B don’t believe a would have never believed c hadn’t believed D can’t believe 10 If Jake to go on the trip, would you have gone? a doesn’t agree C hadn’t agreed B didn’t agree D wouldn’t agree 11 J: “John went to the hospital alone”, K: “If ,I would have gone with him” a had he told me C he has told me B he had told me D he would tell me 181 D are 12 If you , I would have brought my friends over to your house yesterday to watch T.V, but I didn’t want to bother you a had studied B-studied C hadn’t studied D didn’t study 13 Peter: “Did you need help with your Math last night?” Mary: “If I had needed, I you” a would call B called C would have called D will call 14 If someone in to the store, smile and say, “May I help you?” a comes B came C come D should come 15 “Here’s my phone number” “Thanks I‘ll give you a call if I some help tomorrow” a will need B need C would need D needed 16 If I didn’t work for an accounting firm, I in a bank now a work B will work C have worked D would work 17 The death rate would decrease if hygienic conditions improved a was B is C were D had been 18-The education in Japan if the basic principles of education had not been taken into consideration a would go down B would have gone down c went down D had gone down 19 If there , the rice fields could have been more productive a had been enough water B were enough water c would be enough water D are enough water 20 The patient will not recover unless he an operation a had undergone C undergoes B would undergo D was undergoing 21 If she him, she would be very happy a would meet B will meet C met D should meet 22-If he a thorough knowledge of English, he could have applied for this post a had had B had C has 182 D has had 23 If I had enough money, I abroad to improve my English a will go B would go C went D should have go to 24.The bench would collapse if they on it a stood B stand C standing D stands 25-If it convenient, let’s go out for a drink tonight, a be B is C was D Were 26 You made a mistake by telling her a lie It _ better if you _ to her A would have been/ hadn't lied B would be/ didn't lie C will be/ don't lie D would be/ hadn't lied 27 John would be taking a great risk if he _ his money in that business A would invest B invested C had invested D invests 28 She wouldn't have given them all that money if we _ her to A wouldn’t advise B won't advise C hadn't advised D didn't advise 29 If the tree hadn't been so high, he _ it up to take his kite down A could have climbed B climb C is climbing D climbed 30 If the wall weren't so high, he _ it up to take his ball down A climbed B could climb C is climbing D climb 31 If I _ her phone number, I _ her last night A had known/ could have phoned B knew/ would have phoned C know/ can phone D knew/ could phone 32 If he the truth, the police wouldn’t arrest him A tells B told C had told D would tell 33 If you press that button what _? A would happen B would have happened C will happen D happen 34 She says if she _ that the traffic lights were red she _ A had realized/ would stop B realized/ could have stopped C has realized/ stopped D had realized/ would have stopped 183 35 I am very thin I think, if I _ smoking, I might get fat A stop B had stopped C will stop D stopped 36 If I _ that yesterday, I _ them A had discovered/ would inform C had discovered/ would have informed D had discovered/ could inform C discovered/ can inform 37 If you _ to the course regularly, they a certificate last year A go/ gave B go/ give C had gone/ would have given D went/ would give 38 I think he is not at home If he _ in, he the phone A was/ answered B were/ would answer C were/ would have answered D.had been/ would have answered 39 If I in London now, I could visit British Museum A were B had been C have been D would be 40 If Columbus _ money from Queen Isabella, he _ across the Atlantic A not receive/ could not sail B had not received/ might not have sailed C did not receive/ might not have sailed D would not receive/ might not sail 41 I would have visited you before if there _ quite a lot of people in your house A hadn't B hadn't been C wouldn't be 42 If you had caught the bus, you _ late for work A wouldn't have been B would have been C wouldn’t be D would be 43 If I _, I would express my feelings A were asked B would ask C had been asked D asked 44 If _ as I told her, she would have succeeded 184 D wasn't A she has done B she had done C she does D she did 45 Will you be angry if I _ your pocket dictionary? A stole B have stolen C were to steal D Steal 46.If you _ up all the orange juice that was in that carton, you ought to go out and get some more A.drank B drinking C drunk D drink 47.Rachel will be pleased _ she passes her driving test A.should B will C if D unless 48.I _ you sooner had someone told me you were in hospital A.visited B visit D.would have visited D had visited 49.If you can give me one good reason for your acting like this, _ this incident again A.I don’t mention B I will never mention C.I never mention D will I never mention 50.You can use my car _ you drive carefully A.unless B as long as C as soon as D when 51.If everyone _ an extra hour a day, it would greatly increase production A.work B works C working D worked 52.If energy _ inexpensive and unlimited, many things in the world would be different A.is B Were C will be D would be 53.Don’t bother to ring me _ it’s important A.unless B in case C if D as 54.If you help me with this exercise, I the same for you one day A.will B would C was D am 55.According to the timetable, if the train _ on time, we _ arrive at 5.30 A.leaves/ would B left/ would C leaves/ will D was leaving/ would 185 56.If I could speak Spanish, I _ next year studying in Mexico A.will spend B had spent C.would spend D would have spent 57.The bus won’t stop you ring the bell A.if B as soon as C providing D unless 58.You’d better take a coat it gets cold A.if B in case C as long as D while 59.If you _ to my advice in the first place, you wouldn’t be in this mess right now A.listen B will listen C listened D had listened 60.If it _ fine tomorrow, we will go to the coast A.will be B was C is D being 61.If I ask Paul nicely, he _ us A.may B will C would D should 62.You _ yourself ill if you don’t eat properly A.were to make B Make C would make D will make 63.If the ball _ the line, that would have been the end of the game A.had crossed B crossed C crosses D cross 64. _ more help, I could call my neighbour A.Should I need B Needed C.I have needed D I should need 65.Come on! _ we hurry, we’ll miss the plane! A.if B unless C in case D supposed 66. _ you like to see my stamp collection? A will B would C D have 67.I didn’t get home until after midnight last night Otherwise, I _ your call A.returned B had returned C.would return D would have returned 68.If Jake _ to go on the trip, would you have gone? A.hadn’t agreed B doesn’t agree C.didn’t agreed 186 D wouldn’t agree 69.If I found Rob’s phone number now, I _ him about the change in plans A.called B had called C could call D will call 70.If I see him, I _ him a gift A.give B would give C will give D gave 71.If I had a typewriter, I _ it myself A.typed B would have typed C.would typed D am typing 72.If you don’t keep silent, you wake the baby up A.will B would C had D can 73.If I had known that you were in hospital, I _ you A.would visit B would have visited C.will visit D visited 74.I don’t understand this point of grammar I wish I it better A.understood B would understand C.had understood D understands 75.It never stops raining here I wish it raining A.stopped B would stop C had stopped D will stop 76.We’ll have lunch outside in the garden, _ it’s too cold A.if B Unless C in case ` D should 77.John _ win more races if he trained harder A.would B Will C would have D shall 78.If the machine _, press this button A.stop B stops C would stop D stoped 79.The lecturer didn’t know what he was talking about, but if Dr Mason _ I would have listened carefully A.lectured B was lecturing C.would lecture D had been lecturing 80.I can’t understand what he sees in her! If anyone treated me like that, I _ extremely angry! A.am B would be C will be 187 D Was Bài : Viết lại câu: 1.Keep silent or you’ll wake the baby up → If you don't keep silent, you will wake the baby up 2.Stop talking or you won’t understand the lesson → If…………………………………… ….…… I don’t know her number, so I don’t ring her up →If…………………………………… ….…… I don’t know the answer, so I can’t tell you → If …………………………………………….……… We got lost because we didn’t have a map → If …………………………………….…… …….…… Susan felt sick because she ate four cream cakes →…………………………………………… …… Without this treatment, the patient would have died →……………………………………….….… He lost his job because he was late every day →……………………………………………… …… Peter is fat because he eats so many chips →…………………………………………………… … 10 Robert got a bad cough because he started smoking cigarettes →……………………………… … 188 189 ... Ex.3: Every Sunday we go to see my grandparents (Chủ nhật tuần thường thăm ông bà) Quy tắc thêm s/es vào sau V thường: + Thông thường ta thêm “s” vào hầu hết V thường dannce – dances like – likes... nói Ex: I will bring coffee to you Diễn tả lời ngỏ ý, lời hứa, đe dọa, đề nghị Ex: I will never speak to you again Dùng mệnh đề câu điều kiện loại I Ex: If you don’t hurry, you will be late 24 Dấu... * Chú ý: cách phát âm phụ âm cuối phải dựa vào phiên âm quốc tế (international transcription) không dựa vào cách viết (spelling) – /s/: Khi từ có âm cuối /k/, /p/, /t/, /f/, /θ/ Ví dụ: likes /laɪks/;