ANH Hl/CJNG CUA GOC GHEP M I/6P VA BIEN PHAP PHU LIEP DEN SINH TRl/CfNG VA NANG SUAT MUCJP HUONG FI CN428 TAIHUYEN TAM BINH, TINH VINH LONG To Thi Thanh Tuyen1, Vo Thi Bich Thuy1, Ng6 Thanh Huy1, Duong Nguyen Minh Tan1, Tang TrUdng Loi1, Tran Thi Ba1 TOM TAT Nghien cdu dUOc tien hanh voti thf nghiem tai huyen Tam Binh, tinh Vinh Long Thi nghiem - Anh hudng cua cac giong mU6p dung lam goc ghep den sinh trUdng va nang suat giong mudp hUOng CN428 Thi nghiem dUdc bo tri theo khoi hoan toan ngau nhien vdi lan lap gom nghiem thdc la giong mUdp dung lam goc ghep: (1) Dai Loan 01, (2) Dai Loan 02, (3) Dia phUdng va (4) Khong ghep - Doi chilng Ket qua cho thay nang suat thildng pham cao nhat b goc ghep Dai Loan 01 (11,0 tan/ha) va thap nhat la doi chiing - khong ghep (4,85 tan/ha) Thi nghiem - Anh hudng cua so luqng goc ghep va bien phap phu liep den sinh trUdng va nang suat mUdp htfcmg CN428 Thi nghiem duqc bo tri theo kieu 16 chinh - 16 phu v6i lan lap lai; 16 chinh la so lUqng goc (1) ghep goc, (2) ghep goc ghep, (3) ghep goc va (4) khong ghep - doi chtfng; 16 phu la bien phap phu hep (1) mangphu 1Khoa Nong nghiep, TrUdng Dai hoc Can Thcf B Tap chi Khoa hoc va Cong nghe Nong nghiep Viet Nam - So 05(126)/2021 nong nghiep va (2) phu rdm Ket qua cho thay mdcfp hddng CN428 ghep goc (ghep goc chinh vddn ddm) cho nang suat thddng pham (7,78 tan/ha) cao hdn khong ghep (2,71 tan/ha); phu liep bang mang phu (5,72 tan/ha) cao hdn phu rdm (2,97 tan/ha) Trong mddp tai Tam Binh, Vinh Long co the sd dung goc ghep Dai Loan 01 ket hop vdi phu liep bang mang phu Tit khoa: Cay mddp, goc ghep, so lilpng goc ghep, bien phap phu liep I DAT VAN DE Huyen Tam Binh, tinh Vinh Long co dien tich san xuat ho bau bi (Cucurbitacecae) rat ldn, mddp CN428 dddc nhieu nang suat cao, de tieu thu Nhiing nhflng nam gan day, dien tich canh tac giong mddp CN428 giam dan benh heo ru gay bdi nam Fusarium oxysporum nen bo re sinh trddng kem gap mda ldn, dac biet tren nen dat lua (de bi ung nddc), mat khac tap quan nong dan khong sd dung mang phu nen thiet hai Ion den nang suat va hieu qua kinh te Theo Tran Thi Ba va Vo Thi Bich Thuy (2016) thi trddng Dai hoc Can Thd da co nghien ciiu rat nhieu ve cay rau diia ca chua ghep, diia leo ghep, dtia hau ghep, kho qua ghep vao thdc te san xuat Lpi dung goc ghep (miidip) khoe manh hdn ngon ghep (mildp thddng phlm ) nen cay ghep khong chi sinh trddng manh, keo did thdi gian thu hoach ma thich ting tot vdi dieu kien moi tnldng bat lpi nhd ngap ung, kho ham, nhiem mam hay phen (bien doi hau) Theo Tran Van Toan va cong tac vien (2019), kho qua TS247 ghep tren giong mtldp Dai Loan 01 vdi so liipng goc (ghep goc chinh vtidn itOm) va ghep goc mtidp (1 goc chinh vxidn liOm va ghep them goc phu ngoai dong) cho nang suat cao nhat cao hon khong ghep - doi chdng tii 22 - 24% Vo Thi Bich Thuy va cong tac vien (2020), kho qua ghep goc miidp Dai Loan 01 ket hpp phu liep mang phu cho nang suat thiiOng pham cao hon 22 - 26% so vdi khong ghep goc Sd dung mang phu nong nghiep cho nang suat thiiong pham cao hon 30 - 50% so vdi phu rOm va khong phu tren dda leo, cao hon 15 - 40% so vdi phu rom va 28 - 100% so vdi khong phu tren dda hau (Tran Thi Ba, 2006) Chinh vi vay, de tai dope thOc hien nham xac So (qua/cay) Khoi liidng qua/cay (kg/cay) NS tong (tan/ha) NS thiidng pham (tan/ha) Tyle (%) NS thiidng pham/tong Dai Loan 01 232 11,l a 2,25a 11,0a 10,6a 95,9a Dai Loan 02 227 8,78ab l,96ab 9,00b 8,37b 92,7ab Dia phiiong 215 8,20ab l,69bc 5,92c 5,47c 92,lab Khong ghep 212 7,44b l,53c 4,85d 4,40d Mdc y nghia ns 90,8b * 18,7 10,4 6,78 9,25 2,18 Gdcghep CV(%) 20,3 Ghi chu: Trong cung cot, cac so co chit theo sau giong thi khdc biet khdngy nghia thong ke; ** va *: khdc biet coy nghia 1%, 5%; ns: khdc biet khdngy nghia NS: nangsuat TiiOng nang suat tong thi nang suat thiiong pham qua mddp CN428 d cac giong mddp lam goc ghep khac biet co y nghia qua phan tich thong ke CBaog2) Goc ghep miidp Dai Loan 01, Dai Loan 02 Dia phiiong cho nang suat thiiong pham lan loot va 5,47 tan/ha, tiiOng diiOng 141, 90 va A cao bon khoog ghep (4,40 tan/ha) Ket qua d m g a x tim thay nghien cdu cua Tran Van Toan va cong tac vien (2019) va Vo Thi Bich Thuy va cong tac vien (2020) ghep goc miidp Dai Loan 01 deu cho nang suat kho qua ghep cao hdn 22 - 26% so vdi khong ghep, va deu cao hdn cac giong mddp khac dung lam goc ghep Nhii vay goc miidp Dai Loan 01 dddc ke thda nghien cdu tiep thi nghiem ve so ldpng goc mddp va bien phap phu liep Tap chf Khoa hoc vd Cong nghe Nong nghiep Viet Nam - So 05(126)/2021 ■» 3.2 Anh hfldng cua s6 lfldng goc ghep mfldp va bien phap phu liep den sinh trfldng va nang suat mtfdp hfldng CN428 3.2.1 Sinh trtidng Chieu dai than chinh co sit tfldng tac gifla so lflcfng g6c ghep mfldp va bien phap phu liep den chieu dai than chinh mfldp CN428 (Bang 3) Ve so Ifldng goc ghep, ghep goc cho chieu dai (268 cm) dai nhat, dai hdn doi chflng khong ghep (254 cm), thap nhat ghep goc - goc vfldn lidm va goc ngoai dong (153 cm) Ve bien phap phu liep mang phu cho chieu dai than chinh (222 cm) dai hem phu rdm (213 cm) Ket qua tUdng tfl vdi nghien cflu cua Tran Thi Ba (2005) cho rang phu hep bang mang phu thi chieu dai than chinh diia leo/ dfla hau deu dai hdn khong phu liep 1,23 lan Bang Chieu dai than chinh va ty so dfldng kinh goc ghep/ngon ghep cua cay mflcfp Chieu dai than chinh (cm) Ty so dfldng kinh goc ghep/ngon ghep Ghep goc 268a 1,06 Ghep goc 193c 1,06 Ghep goc 153d Khong ghep 254b 1,11 1,00 222a 1,07 213b 1,18 Nhan to Goc ghep (A) Mang phu Bien phdp phu liep (B) Khong phu F(A) ns F(B) ns F (A*B) ns CV(%) 2,23 3.2.2 Thanh phan nangsudt Bang cho thay khong co tiidng tac gifla so liidng goc ghep va bien phap phu liep ve phan nang suat Khoi lfldng trung binh qua miidp khac biet y nghia qua phan tich thong ke ve s6 liidng goc ghep, Ghep goc vfldn fldm (290 g/qua) cao hdn ghep g6c, khong ghep - doi chflng (250 g/qua) va thap nhat la ghep goc (210 g/qua) Dieu dfldc giai thich ghep goc giup qua hap thu dinh diidng tot hdn, qua ldn nhanh hdn, nhien ghep goc b| anh hiidng bdi benh kham (tac nhan ngoai canh) nen anh hiidng den khoi lfldng trung binh qua Ve bien phap phu liep thi khoi lfldng trung binh qua mfldp co hay khong co phu liep bang mang phu nong nghiep khac biet khong y nghia qua phan tich thong ke So qua mfldp/cay khac biet co y nghia qua phan tich thong ke ve so lfldng goc ghep va bien phap phu hep Ve so lfldng goc ghep mfldp thi ghep goc (105 qua/cay) cao hdn ghep goc (90,6 qua/cay), ghep goc (74,4 qua/cay) va thap nhat la khong ghep dung lam doi chflng (64,1 qua/cay) Dieu dfldc giai thich tfldng tfl nhfl thi nghiem ghep goc mfldp gop phan gia tang so qua/cay so vdi khong ghep Ve bien phap phu liep, thi phu liep cho so qua (102 qua/ cay) cao hdn khong phu liep (98,9 qua/cay) Bang Thanh phan nang su£t mfldp CN428 d so lfldng goc ghep va bien phap phu liep Nhan to 18,6 Ghi chu: Trong ciing cot, cac so co chvt theo sau giong thi khac biet khongy nghia qua phan tich thong ke, khac biet co y nghia 1%; ns: khac biet khongy nghia Ty so dfldng kinh goc/dfldng kinh ngon khong co sii tiidng tac gida so liidng goc ghep miidp va bien phap phu hep, dao dong tii 1,00 - 1,11 (Bang 3) Theo Pham Van Con (2013) ty so bang thi cay ghep sinh triidng, phat trien binh thdcfng the sinh triidng cua ngon ghep va goc ghep tiidng diidng Shivani va cpng tac vien (2015) cung cho rang gifla goc va ngon ghep can co sii tiidng thich tdt de giup cay ghep cho nang suat cao Nhii vay, miidp ghep co kha nang thich ilng tot, ket qua cua ca thi nghiem deu co khuynh hiidng vdi ty so diidng kinh goc/diidng kinh ngon Goc ghep (A) Khoi lfldng qua (g/qua) Khoi S6 qua lfldng (qua/ qua/cay cay) (kg/cay) Ghep goc 290a 105a 2,27a Ghep goc 260b 74,4C l,27c Ghep goc 210c 64, T l,18c Khong ghep 250b 90,6b l,57b 260 102a 1,81* 250 98,9b l,25b 4-* * Bien phdp Mang phu phu liep Khong phu (B) F (A) F(B) ns ** ** F (A*B) ns ns ns CV(%) 7,32 9,43 14,9 Ghi chu: Trong cung cot, cac so co chQ theo sau giong thi khac biet khong y nghia thong ke; ** va *: Idnk biet coy nghia l%va 5%; ns: khde biet khongy ngfno Tap chfKhoa hoc va Cong nghe Nong nghiep Viet Nam - So 05(126)/2021 Tvicing td vdi so qua/cay thi khoi lddng qua mddp/cay khac biet co y nghia qua phan ti'ch thong ke ve so lddng goc ghep va bien phap phu liep Ve so lddng goc ghep, ghep goc (2,27 kg/cay) cao hon ghep goc (1,27 kg/cay), doi chdng (1,57 kg/cay) va thap nhat la ghep goc (1,18 kg/cay) Ve bien phap phu hep thi phu liep (1,81 kg/cay) cao hcfn khong phu (1,25 kg/cay) Ket qua dddc giai thich tviong tvi nhvl thi nghiem goc ghep vddn liOm cho khoi lddng qua mdbp tren cay cao hdn khong ghep bien phap phu liep cung dddc giai thich nhvi so qua/ cay miidip 3.2.3 Nang suat thiidng pham Bang Nang suat thiiong pham cua mdbp b cac goc ghep mddp va bien phap phu liep Bien phap phu Goc ghep Mang phu Khong Trung phu binh (B) Ghep goc 10, T 4,88b 7,78A Ghep goc 4,18bc 2,70cd 3,43® Ghep goc 2,70cd l,60d 2,15c Khong ghep 5,38b 2,71d 4,04® Trung binh (A) 5,72A 2,97® F (A)**; F (BN*; F (A*B)**; CV (%) =14,2 Ghi chu: Trong cung cot, cac so co chit theo sau giong thi khac biet khongy nghia qua phan tich thong ke; **: khdc biet co y nghia 1% Nang suat thiidng pham cua mddp CN428 co sd tvidng tac giiia nhan to so lvidng goc ghep va bien phap phu liep (Bang 5) To hdp ghep goc + mang phu cho nang suat cao nhat (10,7 tan/ha), cao hdn 98% so vdi khong ghep + mang phu (5,38 tln/ha) va thap nhat to hdp khong ghep + khong phu (2,70 tan/ha) va ghep goc + khong phu (2,71 tan/ha) Dieu cho thay, ghep goc mddp widn ddm cho nang suat thiidng pham cao hdn ghep goc va ghep goc Dieu la canh tac dieu kien td nhien ngoai dong ruong vung chuyen canh dda bau bi mddp, ap ldc trung chich hut cao (bp tri va ray phan trang) nen hau het cay thi nghiem deu bi benh kham Chinh vi the, gbep them goc phu (cat bo dot cay ghep goc phu ip vao cay ghep goc chinh da ghep vdbn ddm) £ tao dieu kien thuan ldi cho sd gia tang benh kham cho ghep goc, va cay ghep goc bi benh kham cang o in g hdn nen cho nang suat thddng pham thap nihil Tvidng td, bien phap phu hep cao hdn khong phu tddng dddng 114% va ket qua phu hdp vcfi nghien cdu cua Tran Thi Ba (2005), dda hau co svi dung mang phu cho nang suat cao hdn khong phu hep 2,02 - 2,34 lan theo mua vu va vung khac Nhd vay, to hdp ghep goc mddp (trong vddn ddm rat de thdc hien, kiem soat tot benh kham) ket hdp vdi phu hep bang mang phu gia tang nang suat mddp CN428 IV KET LUAN VA DE NGHI M ddp CN428 ghep goc m ddp Dai Loan 01 (VG-17-001), ghep goc vddn ddm ket hdp phu mang phu cho nang suat thddng pham cao nhat (10,6 tan/ha), cao hdn khong ghep 1,8 lan Canh tac mddp phu mang phu giup tang nang suat tang gap 1,14 lan Trong mddp CN428 ghep goc Dai Loan 01 tai huyen Tam Binh, Vinh Long co the nghien cdu them dieu kien moi trddng dat bat ldi nhd benh nam Fusarium oxysporum va ngap ung de khai thac het tiem nang cua goc ghep chuyen tAil ie u t h a m k h a o Tran Thi Ba, 2005 Anh hudng cua mang phu den tieu moi triidng, bu lach (Thrips palmi Karny), ray mem (Aphis gossypii Glover) syt sinh trUdng va phdm chat cua dvia leo, dua hau d Dong Bang Song Ciiu Long Luan an tien si chuyen nganh Trong trot, Dai hoc Can Thd Tran Thi Ba va Vo Thi Bich Thuy, 2016 Nang cao hieu qua san xudt rau dong bang song Ciiu Long bang ky thuat ghep goc Nha xuat ban Dai hoc Can Hid Le Thi Bao Chau, Nguyen Thi Bich Nhung v i Tran Thi Ba, 2019 Kha nang sinh trddng, nang suat va chit lddng dda le Kim Co Nddng ghep tren cac goc ghep ho bau bi dda Tap chi Nong nghiep vd Phat trien nongthon, so 16/2019:13-19 Pham Van Con, 2013 Ky thuat ghep cay rau hoa qua NXB Nong nghiep Ha Noi Le Thanh Duy, 2018 Anh hudng cua tuoi ngon dua le Kim Co NUdng (Cucumis melon L.) vd goc ghep bdu bi diia den nang suat vd chat liidng trdi Luan van cao hoc nganh Khoa hoc cay Trddng Dai hoc Can Thd Vo Thi Bich Thuy, Huynh Thi Anh Thd, Chau Thi Huynh Nhd, Nguyin Cao Viet Thang, Pham Trong Thdc, Vo Trddng Vu va Tran Thi Ba, 2020 Anh hddng cua goc ghep mddp va mat den sinh trddng va nang suat cua mddp tai Vinh Long Tap chi Khoa hoc Cong nghe Ndng nghiep Viet Nam, 116(7): 87-954 Tran Van Toan, Vo Thi Bich Thuy, Nguyen Thi Cam Hang, Nguyen Phu Quy, Lam Hoang Nhd, Le Thi Tap chi Khoa hoc va Cong nghe Nong nghiep Viet Nam - So 05(126)/2021 My Quyen, Le Minh Hai, Pham Minh Hung, Tran Vu Can va Tran Thi Ba, 2019 Anh hiidng cua goc ghep mifdp den sft sinh trUcfng va nang suat cua mUdp TS 247 tai huyen Chau Thanh, tinh Soc Trang Tap chi Khoa hoc Cong nghe Nong nghiep Viet Nam, 104(7): 25-30 Shivani, R., K Perdeep, S Parveen, S Amar and S.K Upadhyay, 2015 Evaluation of different rootstocks for bacterial wilt tolerance in bell pepper [Capsicum annuum (L.) var grossum (Sendt.)] under protectedconditions Himachal Journal of Agricultural Research, 41(1): 100-103 Effect of luffa rootstock and mulching on growth and fruit yield of long luffa CN428 in Tam Binh district, Vinh Long province To Thi Thanh Tuyen, Vo Thi Bich Thuy, Ngo Thanh Huy, Duong Nguyen Minh Tan, Tang Truong Loi, Tran Thi Ba Abstract The study was carried out with experiments in Tam Binh district, Vinh Long province Experiment - Effect of luffa varieties used as rootstocks on growth and fruit yield of long luffa CN428 The experiment was arranged in completely randomized block design with replications and treatments, including: (1) Taiwan variety 01, (2) Taiwan variety 02, (3) local long fruit and (4) and control (non grafted) Results showed that the highest yield (11,0 tons/ha) was recorded at Taiwan variety 01 and the lowest yield at the control variety (non-grafting variety 4,85 tons/ha) Experiment - Effect of number of rootstocks and mulching on growth and fruit yield of grafted long luffa CN428 The experiment was arranged in two factorial split-plots with replications; main plot included the number of rootstocks: (1) single root grafting, (2) double root grafting, (3) triple root grafting and (4) control (non grafting); Sub-plot was mulching types including silvery-gray plastics and rice straw The results showed that the marketable yield (7.78 tons/ha) of the single root grafting long luffa CN428 (grafted with main root in the nursery) was higher than non-grafting (2.71 tons/ha); the yield of long luffa variety CN428 when mulching by plastics (5.72 tons/ha) was higher than that of mulching by straw (2.97 tons/ha) It is suggested that planting long luffa variety CN428 in Tam Binh district, Vinh Long province should use Taiwan luffa rootstock 01 combined with mulching by plastics Keywords: Luffa, rootstock, number of rootstocks, mulching types Ngay nhan bai: 31/3/2021 Ngay phan bien: 18/5/2021 Ngtibi phan bien: GS.TS Tran Khac Thi Ngay duyet dang: 04/6/2021 ... Ngai Td, huyen Tam Binh, tinh Vinh Long HI KET QUA VA THAO LUAN 3.1 A nh hiidng cua cac giong miidp dung lam g6c ghep den sinh triiofng va nang suat miicfp hiiofng CN428 3.1.1 Sinh triidng Chieu... den sinh trfldng va nang suat mtfdp hfldng CN428 3.2.1 Sinh trtidng Chieu dai than chinh co sit tfldng tac gifla so lflcfng g6c ghep mfldp va bien phap phu liep den chieu dai than chinh mfldp CN428. .. 100-103 Effect of luffa rootstock and mulching on growth and fruit yield of long luffa CN428 in Tam Binh district, Vinh Long province To Thi Thanh Tuyen, Vo Thi Bich Thuy, Ngo Thanh Huy, Duong Nguyen