Tài liệu kiến thức cơ bản Tiếng anh lớp 10

Tài liệu Kiến thức Tiếng Anh 10 Trường THPT Đào Sơn Tây Lớp: 10A… Họ tên:………………………… Năm học 2021 - 2022 UNIT – A DAY IN THE LIFE OF… VOCABULARY alarm (n) đồng hồ báo thức, chuông báo động alarm (v) làm hoảng hốt bank (n) bờ boil (v) đun sôi, luộc buffalo (n) trâu chat (v) nói chuyện phiếm (~ talk in a friendly way) - chat (n) nói chuyện phiếm content (v) làm hài lòng - contented (a) hài lòng (~happy and satisfied) crop (n) mùa vụ fellow (n, a) bạn đồng nghiệp go off (v) reo chuông, nổ 10 harrow (v) bừa - harrow (n) bừa 11 lead – led – led (v) dẫn dắt - leader (n) người lãnh đạo 12 local (a) thuộc địa phương - locally (adv) mang tính địa phương 13 neighbor (n) hàng xóm - neighborhood (n) khu phố, xóm 14 peasant (n) nông dân 15 plot (n) đất (~ plot of land) 16 plough (v) cày - plough (n) cày 17 pump (v) bơm - pump (n) bơm 18 rest (v) nghỉ ngơi - rest (n) thời gian nghỉ ngơi 19 tobacco (n) thuốc 20 transplant (v) cấy ghép  transplantation (n) việc cấy ghép  transplanting (n) việc cấy lúa GRAMMAR Simple present (Hiện đơn) (+) S + V1/s/es (-) S + don’t/doesn’t + V1 (?) (Wh-) + do/does (not) + S + V1?  Cách dùng a Diễn tả thói quen hành động lặp lặp lại b Diễn tả chân lí  Trạng từ thường gặp: never, sometimes, usually, often, always, as a rule, normally…  Ví dụ: Mr Vy usually gets up at 4:40 a.m The sun rises in the east Adverbs of frequency (Trạng từ thường xuyên) Trạng từ thường xuyên always, normally, usually, frequently, often, sometimes, occasionally, rarely, seldom, hardly ever, never, ever… đặt trước động từ chính, đặt sau động từ “be” Khi câu có hai/ ba trợ động từ, trạng từ đặt sau trợ động từ thứ Các trạng từ sometimes, usually, normally, frequently, often occasionally đứng đầu câu cuối câu Ví dụ: Mr Lam is always on time Simple past (Quá khứ đơn) (+) S + V2/ed (-) S + didn’t + V1 (?) (Wh-) + did (not) + S + V1?    Cách dùng: Diễn tả hành động xảy hoàn tất khứ Trạng từ thường gặp: yesterday, ago, last, in (2000)… Ví dụ: Kate finished high school in 2004 EXERCISES I Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other three: a routine b big c hit d live a driver b driven c district d miss a smile b fire c typical d ride a beat b head c eaten d meat a cheap b pea c leave d peasant II Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from that of other three: a typical b tobacco c national d buffalo a ready b kitchen c dinner d prefer a unfortunately b immediately c nationality d occasionally a geography b technology c education d biology a afternoon b continue c beginning d expression III Choose the best answer: The alarm goes off at 4:30 a tells b rings c wakes d shakes We are contented with what we a satisfied with b excited about c interested in d afraid of It takes me 45 minutes to get ready a go b think c prepare d watch She purchased a number of shares in the company a invested b sold c exchanged d bought We had a nice chat over a cup of tea a formal talk b informal talk c serious talk d long talk I have a busy timetable this weekend a schedule b subject c discussion d job The alarm goes at 4:30 a of b off c in d on We are contented what we a with b to c in d of Then my husband pumps water _ the field a in b on c into d at 10 What time does Quan have a Civic Education lesson Monday? a on b in c at d of 11 I continue to work a quarter past eight _ 10:30 a from - and b from - at c at - at d from - till 12 After Mr Lam gets up, he rides his cyclo _ District District a from - to b from - until c from - in d in - in 13 On that day, I stares death the face a on b in c at d to 14 We realized we were _ danger a at b in c on d at 15 Many people scream _ panic a on b at c to d in 16 After taking off, the plane slowly _ height a took b dreamed c gained d drove 17 The police are looking for any information that may _ to the arrest of the bank robbers a find b look c lead d have 19 It was the most experience of my life a frighten b frightening c frightened d frightful 20 channels are there on our TV? a How much/ nation b How many/ nation c How much/ national d How many/ national 21 I am not in fishing a interested b interest c interests d interesting 22 I usually drink cups of tea in the morning a much b lot of c a d several 24 We _ have English on Monday, Tuesday and Friday a usual b frequent c usually d normal IV Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answer: At home in the morning — I am a student So I spend the day in a simple way I get up from bed early in the morning First, I my morning duties I wash my face and brush my teeth I take great care of my teeth, because bad teeth are a sign of bad health Then I take a little physical exercise After taking exercise I go out for a walk in the open field There I breathe pure morning air My mind and body are both refreshed Then I return home I say my short prayer What does the speaker do? a He is a teacher b He is a student c He is a singer d He is a model After getting up, what does he first? a He breathes pure morning air b He does his morning duties c He went back to sleep d He does exercise Why does the speaker go out for a walk? a Because he wants to breathe pure morning air b Because he wants to relax c Because he wants to meet his friends d Because he wants to morning exercise Where does the speaker go out for a walk? a On a river b In the park c In the garden d In the open field What does he after returning home? a He has breakfast b He takes great care of his teeth c He says his short pray d He washed his face V Choose the best answers: My friend _ to the museum last weekend a goes b went c had gone d have gone Our Singaporean friends _ to visit our school last year a is coming b come c came d have come We _ Malaysia last summer a visited b were visiting c are visiting d have visited The beans and the meat _ quite cheap a are b is c is being d are being He usually _ up at a.m a get b got c has got d gets In the past, most peasant farmers _ enough to feed themselves a didn’t earn b earns c didn’t earned d don’t earn Spring winter a is following b follows c was following d has followed 10 The nurse her parents every day a visits b is visiting c will visit d visited 11 We card games every week a plays b play c have played d are playing 12 Food _ you energy a gave b give c gives d has given 13 I see my cousins a don’t often b often don’t c doesn’t often d often doesn’t 14 The earthquake _ in 1905 a happen b is happening c happens d happened 15 We to the clubs every weekend when we were at college a have gone b are going c went d go 16 My girlfriend _ dancing a is liking b likes c are liking d like 17 Ngoc and Phuong _ badminton twice a week a play b plays c are playing d played 18 How many periods a week does he have? a three b at a.m c English d at the library VI Writing: Give the correct form of the words Then my husband pumps water into it while I the (TRANSPLANT) Sometimes we go and see our for a cup of tea (NEIGHBORHOOD) Although it’s a long day for us, we are with what we (CONTENT) I had a _ holiday until the fire (WONDER) Make questions for the following sentences 5 I bought some books yesterday Lan phoned her aunt last night Minh visits his farm every day Mr Lam often has lunch with his friends at this market UNIT – SCHOOL TALKS VOCABULARY attitude (n) thái độ corner shop (n) cửa hàng nhỏ bán tạp hóa entertain (v) giải trí - entertaining (a) vui nhộn, thú vị - entertainment (n) giải trí hobby (n) sở thích language (n) ngơn ngữ marital status (n) tình trạng hôn nhân marriage (n) hôn nhân - married (a) có vợ/chồng - marry (v) kết narrow (a) hẹp opinion (n) ý kiến 10 origin (n) nguồn gốc, lai lịch - original (a) - originally (adv) 11 profession (n) nghề nghiệp - professional (a) chuyên nghiệp - professionally (adv) cách chuyên nghiệp 12 safe (a) an toàn - safely (adv) cách an toàn - safety (n) an toàn 13 semester (n) học kì (~ term) 14 shop (v) mua sắm - shopper (n) người mua sắm 15 similar (to) (a) giống - similarly (adv) giống - similarity (n) giống 16 stick – stuck – stuck (v) dán vào 17 stuck (a) bị mắc kẹt GRAMMAR Gerunds and to + infinitives (Danh động từ to + nguyên mẫu) a GERUND hình thức “động từ + ing” dùng danh từ Các danh động từ dùng chủ ngữ, túc từ sau số động từ dùng sau giới từ Ví dụ: Reading helps you learn English I dislike working on Sundays Stella is very good at dancing b VERBS + GERUND - admit avoid consider delay deny dislike enjoy feel like finish give up thừa nhận tránh cân nhắc hỗn lại phủ nhận khơng thích thích cảm thấy thích hồn thành từ bỏ - imagine - keep (on) - mind - miss - postpone - practice - put off - suggest - stop - can’t stand - can’t help tưởng tượng tiếp tục ngại, phiền bỏ lỡ hỗn lại luyện tập trì hỗn đề nghị ngừng không chịu không nhịn - offer - plan - pretend - promise - refuse - seem - threaten - want - wish - would like tự nguyện dự định giả vờ hứa hẹn từ chối dường hăm dọa muốn ước muốn muốn c VERBS + TO-INFINITIVE - afford - agree - arrange - ask - decide - expect - fail - help - hope - learn - manage Wh-questions có đủ tiền đồng ý xếp yêu cầu định trông đợi thất bại giúp đỡ hi vọng học xoay sở Từ để hỏi + trợ động từ + chủ ngữ + động từ chính? Ví dụ: How long have Joe and Jill been married? EXERCISES I Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other three: a mother b love c office d wonder a family b start c ask d father a worry b wonderful c love d home a dark b star c far d pay II Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from that of other three: a geography b technology c education d biology a capital b Vietnamese c attitude d interesting a enjoy b visit c expect d because a appearance b behavior c consider d memory III Choose the best answer: I think you don’t have to worry your weight a to b of c about d in Teaching is a hard _ a job b works c work d jobs It was crowded people a to b in c with d at I’m class 10A a in b on c up d at It is one the biggest schools in Hanoi a in b of c off d at I enjoy teaching because I love working children a in b on c with d to The flat is far _ Phong’s school so he usually go to school bike a from – in b from – by c for – by d for - on What’s the matter _ you? a to b in c with d from 10 Would you like to go somewhere a drink? a to b for c to d in 11 On what occasions you have to fill a form? a at b Þ c from d in 12 I tried to pay attention what people were saying a to b at c in d up 13 The opposition of “nervous” is _ a uncomfortable b calm c uneasy d worried 14 English is an language a nation b internationally c international d nationality 15 Are you _ the party now? a enjoy b enjoyable c enjoying d enjoyment IV Read the passage carefully, then choose the correct answer Hello My name is Nguyen Hong Phong I’m sixteen years old I’m a student (1) _ Chu Van An high school I’m in class 10A with forty-five other students I study many (2) _ as Maths, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Literature, History, Geography, and so on I like to learn English best because it is an international (3) _ I don’t really like getting up early, but I have to because I often have a lesson at 7:15 I’m Nguyen Hong Ha.I’m Phong’s father We live in a small flat above a corner shop in Tay Son street The flat is far from Phong’s school so he usually goes to school by bike I worry about this He has to (4) _ his bike in narrow and crowded streets to get to school There’s so (5) _ traffic, so many cars, motobikes and bicycles a at b for c in d to a languages b hobbies c forms d subjects a core subject b language c profession d status a drive b ride c walk d go a far b often c much d many V Writing Give the correct form of the words Professor Lan Nguyen devoted his whole life to the teaching _ (PROFESSIONALLY) Mr Ha worries about his son’s _ (SAFE) The words _, divorced, separated, widow refer to marital status (MARRY) Make Wh-question: My name is Tam → _ ? He lives with his father → ? She lives in HCM city → _? I go to school by bus → ? Mai has worked as an editor for 15 years → ? 10 It’s 10 o’clock → _ _? Rewrite the following sentences without changing their meaning 11 Could you please turn off the television? Would you mind ? 12 Would you like to go to the cinema? Do you feel like ? 11 Would you mind turning off the television? 12 Do you feel like going to the cinema? VI Choose the best answer: Among Physics, Chemistry, Biology, and Literature, subject you like most? a how b which c who d why Would you like _ to the movie with me? a going b to go c a and b d go She considered _ a job because she got bored with her studies a to look for b looking up c looking for d to look up I asked Owen, but he refused _ me a to help b helping c help d helps She is hoping _ the gold medal a to win b win c winning d won I've avoided down to work all day a get b to get c got d getting Did she mind _ the job? a not get b not to get c not getting d to not get Have you arranged _ him? a met b meet c to meet d meeting He failed the appointment a to keep b keep c keeping d kept 10 _is my umbrella? - It is under the tree a Who b Which c Where d Why 11 _ is your favourite actress? a What b Why c When d Who 12 A: “I feel awful I’ve got a headache.” – B: “ _” a That’s a good idea b OK Let’s go c You should take a rest d How terrific! UNIT – PEOPLE’S BACKGROUND VOCABULARY ambition (n) tham vọng ambitious (a) nhiều tham vọng atom (n) nguyên tử atomic (a) thuộc nguyên tử background (n) lai lịch, bối cảnh brilliant (a) xuất chúng (~ extremely clever) career (n) nghề nghiệp degree (n) đại học determination (n) tâm determine (v) xác định, tâm determined (a) có tâm diploma (n) chứng chỉ, văn educate (v) giáo dục 10 education (n) việc giáo dục, học vấn educational (a) thuộc giáo dục 11 ease (v) làm dịu bớt 12 found – founded – founded (v) thành lập 13 harbor (v) nuôi dưỡng (~ have in mind) 14 humane (a) có lịng nhân humanitarian (a) nhân đạo humanity (n) lòng nhân đạo 15 institute (n) học viện 16 interrupt (v) làm gián đoạn, ngắt lời 17 mature (a) trưởng thành maturity (n) trưởng thành 18 obtain (v) đạt 19 PhD (n) học vị tiến sĩ (~ Doctor of Philosophy) 20 specialization (n) chuyên ngành specialize (in) (v) học chuyên 21 strong-willed (a) có ý chí mạnh mẽ 22 suffer (v) chịu đựng suffering (n) đau khổ 23 thus (adv) (~ therefore) 24 tragedy (n) bi kịch tragic (a) bi thảm tragically (adv) cách bi thảm 25 tutor (n) gia sư 26 with flying colors (idiom) (thi đỗ) với điểm cao GRAMMAR The Past perfect (Quá khứ hoàn thành) S+ had + PP  Use: Diễn tả hành động xảy hoàn thành trước hành động khác khứ  Trạng từ thường gặp : after, before, when  Ví dụ: When I came to her house, she had gone out The past perfect and the past simple (Quá khứ hoàn thành khứ đơn) 10 Exercise 4: Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence When pictures were set in motion, they could give the _ of movement A action B.sequence C.existence D.feeling The disease quickly to the neighbouring villages A spread B.began C.showed D.prepared He retired from film business at the age of 65 and spent the of his life in his native village A.part B.change C.rest D.place She has talent for music, she can play five different _instruments well A.music B.musical C.musician D.musically The film gave the audience some scenes of life on a Pacific island A fascinate B.fascinated C.fascination D.fascinating “What is of Portugal?” “It’s Lisbon” A capital B a capital C the capital D capitals Did you wear _when you were at primary school? A uniform B a uniform C.an uniform D.the uniforms It was not until the end of the film _the audience knew who the murder was A.that B.then C.when D.which Minh has _good guitar He plays _guitar very well A.a/a B the/the C.the/a D.a/the 10 He found it to finish the report on time A.hardly B hard C.harden D.hardening 11 It was dark, but all of the employees were _in the office A.yet B.already C.also D.still 12 It was a waste of time in those shops They didn’t have what I wanted A looking B.look C.to look D.looked 13 It was not until _that audiences began to enjoy the first long films A.1920s B the 1920 C the 1920s D.1920’s 14 “What you do?” “ _” A.I’m a designer B I’m doing my homework C.I want another cup of tea D No, thank you 15 “How did you get here this morning?” “ _” A.Yes, I did B No, I didn’t C By bus D Sorry I am late 16 Choose the word that is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the following sentence The main character does not appear in the first scene of the film A.movement B.part C.decade D.action Choose the word whose stress pattern is different from that of the others in each question 17 A.sequence B.prepared C.rapid D.audience 18 A.existence B.position C.discover D.photograph Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others in each sentence 19 A change B maker C.began D.decade 20 A choice B character C.chat B.change Choose the underlined part in each sentence that needs correction 61 21 I don’t feel as tired after a train journey than I after a car journey A B C D 22 Someone else put 49,999 dominoes in aline and knocking them all down A B C D 23 In those days, films were moving photographs about one minute in long A B C D 24 They began to build special places where only films were show A B C D Read the passage and the exercise below Mickey Mouse is a cartoon character who has become an icon for the Walt Disney Company Mickey Mouse is short of Mitchell Mouse It was created in 1928 by Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks and voiced by Walt Disney The first appearance of Mickey Mouse was in Plane Crazy on May 15, 1928 But the Walt Disney Company celebrates Mickey Mouse birth as November 18, 1928 upon the release of Steamboat Willie, because it is the first Mickey Mouse Cartoon with sound The anthropomorphic mouse has developed along the years He first appeared in color in 1935 The first Technicolor Disney film was Flowers and Trees from 1932 He also evolved from being simply a character in animated cartoons and comic strips to become one of the most recognizable symbols in the world Mickey's popularity has grown around the world This was due to his angelic nature Mickey never does anything immoral However, in 2009 the Walt Disney Company announced that they will begin to re-brand the Mickey Mouse character by moving away from his pleasant, cheerful image and reintroducing the more devious side of his personality, starting with the upcoming Epic Mickey, a Mickey Mouse video game The Walt Disney company thus intends to show the mischievous side of Mickey's personality Write “T” before the number of the sentence if it is true Write “F” if the sentence is not true 25 Mickey Mouse’s birthday is celebrated on May 15th 26.The first Mickey Mouse with sound first appeared in Steamboat Willie 27.Mickey Mouse first appeared in color in 1932 28.Mickey Mouse has always been popular thanks to his good nature Exercise 5: Rewrite the following sentences, using “It was not until … that ” Hãy viết lại lại câu sau, dùng “It was not until … that ” I didn’t finish the report until midnight →It was The manager didn’t return from his holiday until Monday →It was She didn’t answer his phone call until he had phoned her the third time →It was They didn’t buy the house until the bank had lent them the money →It was Denise didn’t know the truth until we had told her →It was The work on the new bridge wasn’t completed until the end of 2004 →It was Julia didn’t notice me until I had shouted to her →It was 62 Olivia didn’t leave the office until everybody had gone home →It was Exercise 6: Finish the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first one Hoàn thành câu thứ hai để có ý nghĩa giống với câu thứ It was not until she was twenty-nine that Paula decided to get married →Paula 2.It was not until the sun had risen that I woke up →I It was not until I had showed it to him that Simon realized his mistake →Simon It was not until the spring came that the ice on the lake thawed →The ice It was not until the building was almost burned down that the firemen arrived →The firemen It was not until it had stopped raining that we left the party →We It was not until all the shops had closed that Isabel decided to go shopping →Isabel It was not until the robbers had gone that the police came to the scene →The police Exercise 7: Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word given in brackets The of oil has brought wealth to the town (discover) The red brick houses are of this village (character) The sight was so that she had to turn away (horror) My old motorbike is badly in need of (replace) The film was based on a _ adventure story by Thomas Ferguson.(thrill) My fingers were so cold that I had lost all _ in them (feel) He made a sudden and frightened the dog away (move) How many people have entered the competition so far? (photograph) Exercise 8: Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word given in parentheses The cinema that they built in 1970 in _today.(exist) Some _ scenes of the film made me cry.(move) It is believed that seeing _on television has a harmful effect on children (violent) Life has changed so _that I can hardly keep up with it (rapid) The film is a _adventure story of a young girl (thrill) speaking, this band has a lot of talent (music) Exercise 9: Finish the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first one She did not begin to act in a film until she had finished college → It was not until Are you interested in gardening? → Do you find I like action films → I am 63 She quit the job because it was boring → She quit the job because she Mickey Mouse was created in 1928 by Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks →Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks It was not until the end of the 1920s that sound was introduced to movies →They did not Unit 14: THE WORLD CUP champion →championship 2.committee compete →competition →competitor →competitive consider continent defeat eliminate →elimination →elimination games event final →finalist 10.hold - held - held 11 honour →honoured →honourable 12 host →host 13 joint →jointly 14 global →globe 15 passion →passionate →passionately 16 profession →professional →professionally 17 runner-up 18 set up 19 sport (n) (n) (n) (v) (n) (n) (adj) (v) (n) (v) (v) (n) (n) (n) (adj) (n) (n) (n) (n) (adj) (adj) (n) (v) (adj) (adv) (adj) (n) (n) (adj) (adv) (n) (adj) (adv) (n) (v) (n) VOCABULARY nhà vô địch giải chức vô địch ủy ban tranh tài, cạnh tranh thi đấu, cạnh tranh người thi đấu có tính cạnh tranh xem là; xem xét châu lục đánh bại loại trừ, loại loại trừ trận đấu vòng loại kiện, biến cố cuối trận chung kết người (đội) vào chung kết tổ chức (=to organize) danh dự; niềm vinh dự vinh dự đáng kính trọng chủ nhà nước chủ nhà đăng cai tổ chức liên kết chung; liên kết thuộc giới trái đất; giới(= the world) niềm đam mê cuồng nhiệt; say đắm cách cuồng nhiệt nghề nghiệp chuyên nghiệp cách chuyên nghiệp quân; người đội nhì dựng lên, thành lập thể thao 64 →sporting 20 title 21 tournament 22 trophy 23 victory 24 voluntary →voluntarily →volunteer 25 witness (adj) (n) (n) (n) (n) (adj) (adv) (v) (n) (v) (n) thuộc thể thao danh hiệu, tước vị; tựa đề giải đấu thể thao cúp( giải đấu) chiến thắng tự nguyện; tình nguyện cách tự nguyện tình nguyện người tình nguyện chứng kiến nhân chứng GRAMMAR A) ‘Will’ vs ‘be going to’ B) ‘Will’ : making predictions C) ‘Will’: making offers A) ‘Will’ vs ‘be going to’ 1) Hình thức “Will” “Be going to”: I You it He ‘ll come soon She will write it It won’t be here We (will not) enjoy it You They 2) Phân biệt cách dùng “Will” “Be going to”: * ‘Will’: định thời (ngay lúc nói) Ex: “It’s too cold in here!” “OK I’ll go and shut the window.” ( “Trong lạnh!” “Được Tơi đóng cửa sổ lại.”) * ‘Be going to’: có định có dự tính trước nói Ex: A: “Kate is in the hospital.” B: “Oh, really? I didn’t know I’ll go and visit her this evening.” (Trong tình này, B chưa biết Kate nằm bệnh viện nên việc định thăm lúc nói.) 3) “Will” a)‘Will’: đốn, thường dùng sau “I think”, “I suppose”, “I’m sure” với “probably” (=có thể) Ex: I think everything will be all right (Tôi nghĩ việc ổn) b) ‘Will’ ‘Won’t’ dùng trường hợp sau: * Tự nguyện giúp đỡ (Offering to something): 65 Ex: “I’m very tired.” “OK I’ll help you with the washing-up.” (“Tôi mệt.” “Được Tôi giúp bạn rửa chén bát.”) * Lời hứa: Ex: I won’t tell anyone this secret I promise (Tơi khơng nói với bí mật Tơi xin hứa.) * Lời yêu cầu: Ex: Will you please stop making noise? The baby’s sleeping (Các bạn vui lòng đừng làm ồn không? Em bé ngủ.) * Lời mời: Ex: Will you come to my birthday party next Sunday? (Bạn đến dự tiệc sinh nhật Chủ nhật tới nhé?) * Dùng “Shall I/Shall we” đưa lời đề nghị Ex: “I’m bored.” “Shall we go to the movies tonight?” (“ Tớ chán quá.” “Chúng ta xem phim tối nhé.”) c) Chú ý: Không dùng “will/shall” mệnh đề theo sau liên từ thời gian như: “when, as soon as, after, before, until, once, etc.” Thay vào đó, thường phải dùng đơn ( hoàn thành) EXERCISES Excercise 1: Put the verb given into a form of ‘will’ or ‘be going to’ Viết động từ có sẵn với dạng thích hợp, dùng ‘will’ ‘be going to’ Have you heard the news? Harry (join) …………………… the army Sorry to keep yout waiting I (not be) ……………………… long According to the weather forecast, it (snow) ……………… tomorrow I’m sorry I can’t meet you tonight I (go out)………………… with my parents Careful! You (knock) ……………………… that jug off the table In fifty years’ time, most people (probably ride) ……… bicycles to work Our teacher (give)………………………… us a test tomorrow I (go)…………………… to Manchester at the end of next week Excercise 2: Write the correct form of ‘will/shall’ or ‘be going to’ to complete the dialogue Viết hình thức thích hợp ‘will/shall’ ‘be going to’ để hoàn thành đoạn hội thoại sau A: What are you doing this weekend? B: I _ (1.see) the pop concert at Dam Sen Park tomorrow evening A: Have you got the tickets yet? B: No, I (2.get) them this afternoon, actually Would you like to come? A: Oh, thank you, that would be nice B: OK, I _(3.get) you a ticket too B: Great What time does it start? A: Seven o’clock, but we _(4 all meet) at the school gate at 6.15 B: OK, I _ (5.meet) you there, but I (6.be) there about 6.30 A: That’s fine B: Oh, one other thing I’ve got no money at the moment (7.pay) for the ticket on Saturday Is that OK? A: Yes, that’s OK, no problem 66 B: _(8.you have) a cup of coffee, or just wait outside the school? A: Just waiting I think B: Look, _ (9 we go) to a cafe after the concert? I know a very good one A: That’s a good idea! I (10.phone) the others and see if they want to come too B: Good, and then _ (11.book) table Great! I _ (12.see) you tomorrow A: Yes, see you Bye! Exercise 3: Complete the sentences using the correct form of ‘will/shall’ or ‘be going to’ Hoàn thành câu dùng hình thức thích hợp ‘will/shall’ ‘be going to’ ‘Why is Maria getting a passport?’ ’She _live in Italy for a year.’ I know Pamela (not) agree with this idea ‘I don’t feel very well this morning?’ ’Oh dear look after the children for you?’ The managing director sack twenty people next month ‘There’s someone at the door.’ ’OK, I answer it.’ ‘Is that your new CD player?’ ‘Yes, but it doesn’t work I take it back to the shop.’ ‘I see Brenda and Peter together a lot.’ ‘Yes They get married.’ You don’t have to walk: I give you a lift I’ve had enough of this job I leave 10 You _ probably have a really good time Exercise 4: Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence Only 13 teams _ in the first World Cup in Uruguay A.got up B.called for C.took part D.set up National teams must compete in games in their regions before being able to play in the finals A.elimination B.tournament C.champion D.continent The 2002 World Cup was _ by two nations: Japan and South Korea A.played B.competed c.gained D.hosted At the 2002 World Cup, Brazil became the first team to win the _ five times A.honour B.sport C.trophy D.history “He has just been taken to hospital with a broken leg.” “I’m sorry to hear that I him tomorrow.” A.will visit B.am visiting C.am going to visit D.visit “Why did you buy so much paint?” “ I the doors and windows again.” A.will paint B.am being painted C.am going to paint D.will be painting “Did you remember to book the seats?” “Oh,no I forgot I for them now.” A telephone B am telephoning C am going to telephone D will telephone 67 ‘Why’s he putting the camera on a tripod?” “He _ a group photo.” A takes B is going to take C will take D shall take There was _ much trouble that the police were called A.so B too C.such D.very 10 Like the Olympics, the World Cup is held _ four years A.all B.any C.about D.every 11 Rafael can’t walk, but that doesn’t stop him abroad A.travel B.travelling C.to travel D from travel 12 Normally, all the final matches are really _ A.excited B.exciting C.excitement D.excitedly 13 I saw the coach on the field after the game and he seemed _ A.angrily B.maddening C.angry D.real angry 14 “Shall I give you a ride?” “ _” A.It’s very nice of you! B No,I can’t ride C.I didn’t drive D Ok I’ll ride it 15 “Are you going to be sick?” “ _” A I don’t hope B.What a surprise! C That’s a good idea D I hope not 16 Choose the word that is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the following sentence Police have asked for anyone who witnessed the accident to contact them A.caused B.saw C.reported D.prevented Choose the word whose stress pattern is different from that of the others in each question 17 A.consider B.tournament C.passionate D.history 18 A.Brazil B compete C Europe D.event Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others in each sentence 19 A trophy B reply C.victory D.body 20 A honoured B hour C host D.honest Choose the underlined part in each sentence that needs correction 21 It was not until 1930 that the first World Cup was hold A B C D 22 Uruguay became the first champion after winning a victory upon Argentina A B C D 23 You must listen careful in order to understand what the teacher says A B C D 24 Teachers whom not spend enough time on class preparation often have A B C difficulty in explaining new lessons D Read the passage and the exercise below For centuries, people have been playing kicking games with a ball.The game of soccer developed from some of these early games The English probably gave soccer its name and its first set of rules In European countries, soccer is called football or association football Some people believe that the name "soccer" came from "assoc.," an abbreviation for the word association Others believe that the name came from the high socks that the players wear 68 Organized soccer games began in 1863 In soccer, two teams of eleven players try to kick or head the ball into their opponents’ goal The goalie, who tries to keep the ball out of the goal, is the only player on the field who is allowed to touch the ball with his or her hands The other players must use their feet, heads, and bodies to control the ball Every four years, soccer teams around the world compete for the World Cup The World Cup competition started in 1930 Brazil is the home of many great soccer players, including the most famous player of all, Pelé With his fast footwork, dazzling speed, and great scoring ability, Pelé played for many years in Brazil and then later in New York During his 22 years in soccer, he scored 1,281 goals and held every major record for the sport People in more than 140 countries around the world play soccer It is the national sport of most European and Latin American countries Soccer is definitely the world’s most popular sport! Write “T” before the number of the sentence if it is true Write “F” if the sentence is not true 25 The word "soccer" may have come from the players’s high socks 26 All of the soccer players can use their feet, heads, and bodies to control the ball 27 After having been in Brazil for many years, Pelé is now playing for a team in New York 28 Soccer is the national sport of most European and Asian countries Exercise 5: Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word given in brackets She always believed in women’s rights (passion) sports encourage children to work together as a team (compete) They are looking for companies to sponsor this event.(sport) The Davis Cup is an important international tennis (champion) He was not asked to the washing-up The Channel Tunnel was funded by the French and British (joint) A lot of _complained that there was too much violence in that movie (view) _ warming is a big problem that concerns many countries and their people.(globe) She started to sing _ after leaving colege (profession) Exercise 6: Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word given in parentheses The Italians are said to be the most _ people in Europe (passion) Millions of _ will be glued to their television sets for the next matches (view) The room was _arranged for the party.(attract) The World Cup is the most important international football _(champion) The students are , but they’re also supportive of each other.(compete) The 32 played in ten stadiums in South Africa from 11 June to 11 July 2010 (final) Unit 16: HISTORICAL PLACES VOCABULARY achieve →achievement architect →architecture banyan tree confucian (v) (n) (n) (n) (n) (adj) đạt thành tựu; thành đạt kiến trúc sư kiến trúc đa (thuộc về) nhà nho 69 →confucius (n) behave (v) →behaviour (n) brilliant (adj) dynasty (n) educate (v) →education (n) engrave (v) 10 exist (v) →existence (n) 11 feudal (adj) flourish (v) 12 giant (adj) 13 historical (adj) 14 memorable (adj) →memorial (n) →memorialize (v) →memorize (v) →memory (n) 15 originally (adv) 16 pride (n) →pride oneself on sth / doing sth (v) →proud (of sb/sth) (adj) 17 represent (v) →representative (adj) →representative (n) 18 royal (adj) 19 scholar (n) →scholarship (n) 20 site (n) 21 stele (n) 22 talent (n) →talented (adj) 23 thought (n) 24 tile-roofed (adj) 25 tortoise (n) 26 tradition (n) →Traditional (adj) 27 witness (n) →witness (v) khổng tử cư xử cách cư xử thông minh; sáng rực triều đại giáo dục; dạy học việc giáo dục khắc, chạm tồn tại; diện tồn tại; diện thuộc thời phong kiến phát triển nhanh; nở rộ to lớn; khổng lồ ( =extremely large) thuộc lịch sử đáng nhớ đài tưởng niệm tôn vinh; tưởng nhớ học thuộc lịng trí nhớ đầu tiên( =at first) lịng tự hào tự hào tự hào đại diện cho tiêu biểu cho người đại diện thuộc hoàng tộc học giả học bổng địa điểm bia đá tài có tài suy nghĩ; tư tưởng lợp ngói rùa truyền thống thuộc truyền thống nhân chứng chứng kiến GRAMMAR A) Cách viết tính từ so sánh: So sánh (equality comparison) S1 + V + as adj/ adv + as + S2 ( be / auxiliary verb ) 70 Note : thể phủ định nghi vấn ta dùng so + adj / adv as Ex: He is as tall as his father His job is not so difficult as mine Ex: Mary doesn't write her lessons as badly as she did last year Last year , Mary didn't write her lessons as carefully as she does  Note: S +be/V+the same +(noun) + as +S Eg: My house is as high as his. My house is the same height as his Eg: He isn’t as old as I am  He isn’t the same age as I So sánh ( superiority comparison ) a Đối với tính từ trạng từ ngắn vần S1 + V + adj/ adv + er + than + S2 ( be / auxiliary verb ) Eg: Today it is hotter than it was yesterday Note : Những tính từ dài vần mà tận có sau thì ta so sánh tính từ ngắn vần  y  ow  er  et Eg : We are happier than he (is) Eg : Our class is much noisier than theirs b Đối với tính từ trạng từ dài vần S1 + V + more adj/ adv + than + S2 ( be / auxiliary verb ) Eg : She is more careful than her mother (is) Eg : Are you more tired than I am ? 3.So sánh ( superlative comparison ): a Đối với tính từ trạng từ ngắn vần S + V + the adj/ adv + est Eg : This street is the longest in our city Eg : She works the hardest in her company b Đối với tính từ trạng từ dài vần S + V + the most adj/ adv Eg : Miss Venezuela is the most beautiful in the Miss world contest Eg : He is the most careless driver that I have ever met 71 Note :     Những tính từ trạng từ bất quy tắc so sánh so sánh good / well  better  the best bad / badly  worse  the worst many / much  more  the most far  farther  the farthest furhter the furthest  little  less  the least Eg : Children in big cities learn English better than the ones in countryside Eg : He is the worst player in his team So sánh kép ( double comparison ) a The + comparative + S + V , the + comparative + S + V ( càng…… Càng ) Eg : The more you learn , the better you are Eg : The longer the journey is , the more tired we feel b S + V + short adj/ adv + er + and + short adj/ adv + er S + V + more and more + long adj/ adv: ( ngày … ) Eg : It is colder and colder when the winter comes near Eg : She speaks English more and more fluently So sánh : a So sánh : S1 + V + LESS ADJ + THAN + S2 Eg : She is less intelligent than her sister Eg : Miss Viet Nam is less beautiful than Miss Russia b So sánh : S + V + THE LEAST ADJ (N) Eg : She is the least beautiful of all in her family Eg : Of all the musicians , I think he is the least creative Một số dạng so sánh đặc biệt : a ADJ + AS + S + BE , S + … ADV V Eg : strong as he is , he can’t carry this table Khỏe anh mà bê bàn Eg : Rich as he is , he can’t buy this house Giàu ông mà mua nhà b S1 + be + twice/three times as + adj + as + S2 V adv Eg: the price of petrol now is twocw as much as it was last year He is 60 years old His wife is 20 years old He is three times as old as his wife 72 EXERCISES Exercise 1: Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence New York was _ a Dutch trading post A recently B conditionally C originally D.continually Her name was skillfully _ on the inside of the gold ring A engraved B written C printed D.placed Scientists believe that the Universe came into _ about fifteen billion years ago A achievement B.tradition C.memory D existence If something is giant; it must be very _ A small B.beautiful C large D.strange I have _ books as he has A twice as many B twice many C twice more D as many twice Learning to play the guitar well is not _ it seems when you are a listener A easier as B as easily as C so easy as D so easily as Emma arrived at the party _ later than Carol did A.much B.more C.very D.most If Japanese is hard to learn, Arabic is even _ A.more hard B.harder C.most hard D.hardest Trung was made _ the class for a week as a punishment A sweep B.sweeping C.to sweep D.being swept 10 The missing boy was last seen _with friends in the park A Playing B.play C.played D.to play 11 “I didn’t catch the train.” “You _ it if you had hurried.” A had caught B might catch C could catch D could have caught 12 The language _ in Toronto, Canada is English A speak B spoken C speaking D.tospeak 13 I enjoyed his new book _it’s not quite as good as his last one A because B so that C therefore D although 14 “What’s the next lesson?” “ _” A Well, I’m studying here B Let me look at my timetable C Yes, it’s very difficult to study D It depends on you 15 “ Have you got a ticket?” “ _” A At the ticket office B Yes, please C You’re welcome D Here it is 16.Choose the word that is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the following sentence Some companies continue to flourish despite the bad economic situation A Establish B develop C construct D witness Choose the word whose stress pattern is different from that of the others in each question 17 A establish B educate C existence D tradition 18 A.behaviour B talented C brilliant D festival 73 Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others in each sentence 19 A Confucian B feudal C cultural D enthusiast 20 A existence B exercise C excellent D except Choose the underlined part in each sentence that needs correction 21 The names of the top students in the exams were engraving on the stone tablets A B C D 22 Is driving a car more dangerous than to fly in a modern plane? A B C D 23 The two old friends were very happy to meet again after so a long time A B C D 24 The driver asked the passengers not to get off the bus while it was moved A B C D Read the passage and the exercise below The One Pillar Pagoda is a historic Buddhist temple in Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam The temple was built by King Lý Thái Tông, who ruled from 1028 to 1054 According to the court records, Lý Thái Tông was childless and dreamt that he met the Buddha, who handed him a baby son while sitting on a lotus flower Later, the King met and married a peasant girl who then gave birth to a prince In 1409, the King constructed the temple in gratitude for this The King followed the instructions of a monk, named Thiền Tuệ, who advised him to build the temple with one pillar in the center of a lotus pond The temple was renovated in 1105 by King Lí Nhân Tơng and a bell was cast and an installation was attempted in 1109 However, the bell was much too large and heavy and could not be installed The temple is built of wood on a single stone pillar 1.25 meters in diameter, and it is designed to resemble a lotus blossom, which is a Buddhist symbol of purity In 1954, the French Army destroyed the temple before withdrawing from Vietnam However, the temple was rebuilt afterwards *Choose the item ( A,B,C or D) that best answers the question or completes the unfinished statement about the passage 25.Before King Lí Thái Tơng dreamt of the Buddha, A He had had several children B He had married a peasant girl C He had not had any children D He had built the One Pillar Pagoda 26.Thiền Tuệ was the person who A Helped the King dream of the Buddha B Built the One Pillar Pagoda C Told the King to meet the Buddha D Had the idea of the temple with one pillar 27.What happened to the bell which was built under King Lí Nhân Tông’s reign? A It was not installed in the temple B It was installed in the temple C It was renovated by the King D Its installation was completed 28.The temple was designed in the shape of _ A a rose B a carnation B an apricot blossom D a lotus 74 Exercise 2: Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word given in brackets When I was at primary school, I was made to a poem every week.(memory) His heart swelled with as he stood watching his son graduate.(proud) Are you sure that your opinions are _of all the workers here? (represent) It was hard work, but the sense of _ was great.(achieve) These photos are of important value (history) Television has become part of our everyday _.(exist) The stupid of one student brought unhappiness to the whole class.(behave) You are very fortunate to have had such a good .(educate) Exercise 3: Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word given in parentheses The opinion of a few students cannot be of the whole school (represent) Parents are always proud of their children’s _.(achieve) The school takes great in providing the best education for children in the city (proud) The statue was erected as a to those who died in the war (memory) Almost every visitor to the One Pillar Pagoda is attracted by its unique _.(architect) Not many _ novels have been written in recent years (history) Exercise 4: Finish the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first one Tom is better at mathematics than Paul → Paul is not The children have never made a longer journey than this → This is We haven’t had dinner together for many years → It’s many years Please, don’t wear shorts into the temple → Would you mind Is this the cheapest laptop you’ve got? → Have you got Someone has already paid for it → It …………………………………………………………………… The end 75 ... Comment (on sth) (v): bình luận việc Document (n): tài liệu, văn → Documentary (n) [,dɔkju''mentri]: phim tài liệu Drama (n) [''dra: mə]: kịch 10 Encourage (v) [in''kʌridʒ]: khuyến khích, động viên... người truyền đạt daily (a, adv) hàng ngày (~ everyday, every day) 10 data (n) liệu 11 device (n) thiết bị 12 document (n) tài liệu 13 electronic (a) thuộc điện tử 14 foreign language (n) ngoại... (a) [ə''weə]: nhận thấy, có ý thức → Awareness (n) nhận thức Cartoon (n) [ka: ''tu: n]: phim hoạt hình, tranh biếm hoạ → Cartoonist (n) người vẽ phim hoạt hình, tranh biếm hoạ Channel [''t∫ỉnl]