Rationale
Employment is one of the most respected topics in modern society There are a number of issues related to employment, which gets attention from many economists and market analysts As a result, translations related to employment and its issues are becoming essential to people, especially student who are graduating Translations on employment always provide readers with useful information about the labor market and employment trends of countries all around the world As a student of English and have a passion for translations, I find out that it is interesting when translating employment articles from English language into Vietnamese and vice versa.That is the reason why I choose this, the topic of “translation in employment”.
Aims of the assignment
The study on translation in tourism aims to figure out an overview on translation strategies employed in translation of employment.
Collecting and presenting news from Vietnamese into English and vice versa
Comment on the translation of the company
Scope of the assignment
Learning and cultivating knowledge in all aspects of life is becoming increasingly important to people Especially strengthening the knowledge related to society such as culture, tradition and employment around the world is an essential trend for each person Therefore, due to limitation of my knowledge and time, my study could not cover all of the aspects of this theme I just only translate some specific news from English into Vietnamese and vice versa then express some language phenomena and comments.
Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 Page 1
Methods of the assignment
In order to achieve the successful and effective study, I based on various kinds of resources specialized as following:
Basing on my experiences on tourism
Searching documents and the sources of information such as on the internet, reference books, newspapers, etc
Full name: Cleverlearn English Center-Trung Hoa (Cleverlearn Inc)
Adress: No 15, Lane 30 Nguyen Thi Dinh, Nhan Chinh, Hanoi
Website: http://www.cleverlearnvietnam.vn
Cleverlearn English Center - Trung Hoa established in October 26 th 2015, has representative offices in Hanoi city The headquarter was formerly located at
DC building, 144 Doi Can, Ba Dinh District, Hanoi.
Cleverlearn English Center - Trung Hoa is with nearly 3 years of development, Cleverlearn English Center - Trung Hoa has become one of the most reputable English teaching centers, particularly in teaching English for children in Hanoi They want to build a professional and friendly educational environment to children in practicing their English skills and provide them with the confidence to integrate in the global community.
5.3 Function and areas of business
Achieve and enhance customer satisfaction by providing prestigious courses, offer customer the highest efficiency and thoughtful after- sales service.
Regularly train managers and staff in order to meet the job requirements and improve the company’s competitiveness.
Create a sound and fair work environment so that staff and teachers are able to fully utilize and optimize their full potential and push their career forward.
Ensure adequate resources to maintain and constantly enhance the Quality management systems.
Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 Page 3
PART B: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 1 THE ORETICAL BACKGROUND: TRANSLATION 1 Definition of translation:
Translation has a number of definitions and concepts that are developing by lots of famous linguistic of translation.
Translation is to render the meaning of a text into another language in the way that the author intended the text.
Translation is the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by means of an equivalent target-language text Whereas interpreting undoubtedly antedates writing, translation began only after the appearance of written literature; there exist partial translations of the Sumerian Epic of Gilgamesh (ca 2000 BCE) into Southwest Asian languages of the second millennium BCE.
Translation is the expression in another language (target language) of what has been expressed in one language (source language), preserving semantic and stylistic equivalencies [By Roger T Bell]
Translation is the replacement of a representation of a text in one language by a representation of an equivalent text in second language [By Roger T Bell]
Translation is a type of speech activity, aimed at transmitting a message, doubling the components of communication in those cases, when there is a discrepancy between codes used by the sender and the receiver of the message [R K Minyar-Beloruchev, 1980].
Translation by dictionary definition, consists of changing from one state or form to another, to turn into one’s own or another’s language [TheMerriam-Webster Dictionary, 1974]
Translation is rendering a written text into another language in a way that the author intended the text [By Bui Tien Bao- Hanoi National University]
Translation means to precisely and completely express by means of one language the things that had been expressed earlier by the means of another language [A V Fedorov, 2002]
Translation is translating consists in reporducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message [Nida and Taber, 1982]
Translation is a creative intellectual activity, denoting the transmitting of information from a source language into a target language [Y P Solodub, 2
This type of translation is form-based It follows the syntactic structures of the
SL and preserves the semantic equivalence between SL and TL textual segments There is a little consideration for the translation situation of language context.
This type of translation is at the extreme of literal translation and also known as interlinear translation since it follows strictly the word order of the SL In a typical interlinear translation, the exact replica in the TL will replace each word in the SL.
Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 Page 5
Also called modified literal translation This type of translation transfers the grammatical structures and cultural words of the SL into the TL It attempts to be completely faithful to the intention and the text-realization of the SL writer Changes are made only to avoid complete nonsense in the TL.
This type of translation is meaning-based There is only the global correspondence between the textual units of the ST and those of the TT Free translation may allow a total creativity of the translator The context of language, translation situation, and translation purpose and translation ship are among essential considerations for this kind of translation.
“Chào Dạo này thế nào rồi?”
This type of translation is at the far end of literal translation It starts to take into account the/aesthetic value, readership and neutrality of meaning thought it is yet to use the cultural equivalents It is more flexible than faithful translation and allows for the translator’s creativity.
This translation is always culturally bound It… for the already existed and well-formed equivalents is the TL to replace the text in the SL The result is that the translation does not sound a translation at all but an originally written/spoken piece of SL.
E.g: “Doing nothing is doing ill”
Nhàn cư vi bất thiện”
Rendering the exact contextual meaning of the original in such away that both context and language are readily acceptable and comprehensible to the readership Using standard expression for an equivalent target culture situation.
Eg: “It was conducted in nine cities and provinces in Vietnam from January to June this year.”
“Nó đã được tiến hành tại chín thành phố và tỉnh tại Việt Nam từ tháng một đến tháng sáu năm nay.”
Employment is a relationship between two parties, usually based on a contract where work is paid for, where one party, which may be a corporation, for profit, not-for-profit organization, co-operative or other entity is the employer and the other is the employee [Dakin, Stephen; Armstrong, J Scott 1989]
Employment is a contract in which one person, the employee, agrees to perform work for another, the employer.
Employment means only where one man is set to work to earn money.
A man may employ himself to earn profits in many ways [Justice Dennan, 1886]
Employment there must be control by the employer over the employee the right to give the employee instructions as to what he is to do [Justice
Page 7 may refer to the position of a person in the service of another or performance of services under a contract of service [Justice Saunders of the British Columbia Court of Appeal, 2001]
Employment as " a professional engagement or otherwise under a contract for services any trade, business, profession, office or vocation any relationship whereby one person personally does work or performs services for another " [United Kingdom Employment Agencies Act, 1973]
By employment is meant an engagement of a person in some occupation, business, trade or profession, etc The nation of desiring to be employment can be explained by taking three established facts:
Working hours per day in an established firm are, say, seven and a health man has the capacity to work for nine hour, it cannot be said that the man is unemployed for two hours a day.
Wage rate in a particular occupation is $25 per day and a certain man demand $40 per day, and then he would not be able to get employment.
A man’s state of health if a man is sick and is unable to work, he cannot be included in the rank of the unemployed.
PART B: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 2 THE TRANSLATED TEXTS 2
1 Translated texts of the two articles (From English into Vietnamese) 1.1 Article 1: Women’s housework should be part of GDP: researchers a Translated text
Women’s housework should be part of GDP: researchers
Theo các nhà nghiên cứu công việc nội trợ của phụ nữ nên là một phần của
GDP Vietnamese women spend over five Phụ nữ Việt Nam dành ra hơn 5 tiếng hours doing so-called “no-name” để làm những công việc "không tên" work such as cooking, cleaning and ví dụ như nấu ăn, dọn dẹp,chăm sóc childcare - about 2-2.5 hours more con cái, nhiều hơn nam giời khoảng than men do 2-2,5 tiếng.
Company Background
History and development
Cleverlearn English Center - Trung Hoa established in October 26 th 2015, has representative offices in Hanoi city The headquarter was formerly located at
DC building, 144 Doi Can, Ba Dinh District, Hanoi.
Cleverlearn English Center - Trung Hoa is with nearly 3 years of development, Cleverlearn English Center - Trung Hoa has become one of the most reputable English teaching centers, particularly in teaching English for children in Hanoi They want to build a professional and friendly educational environment to children in practicing their English skills and provide them with the confidence to integrate in the global community.
Function and areas of business
Achieve and enhance customer satisfaction by providing prestigious courses, offer customer the highest efficiency and thoughtful after- sales service.
Regularly train managers and staff in order to meet the job requirements and improve the company’s competitiveness.
Create a sound and fair work environment so that staff and teachers are able to fully utilize and optimize their full potential and push their career forward.
Ensure adequate resources to maintain and constantly enhance the Quality management systems.
Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 Page 3
THE ORETICAL BACKGROUND: TRANSLATION
Definition of employment
Employment is a relationship between two parties, usually based on a contract where work is paid for, where one party, which may be a corporation, for profit, not-for-profit organization, co-operative or other entity is the employer and the other is the employee [Dakin, Stephen; Armstrong, J Scott 1989]
Employment is a contract in which one person, the employee, agrees to perform work for another, the employer.
Employment means only where one man is set to work to earn money.
A man may employ himself to earn profits in many ways [Justice Dennan, 1886]
Employment there must be control by the employer over the employee the right to give the employee instructions as to what he is to do [Justice
Page 7 may refer to the position of a person in the service of another or performance of services under a contract of service [Justice Saunders of the British Columbia Court of Appeal, 2001]
Employment as " a professional engagement or otherwise under a contract for services any trade, business, profession, office or vocation any relationship whereby one person personally does work or performs services for another " [United Kingdom Employment Agencies Act, 1973]
By employment is meant an engagement of a person in some occupation, business, trade or profession, etc The nation of desiring to be employment can be explained by taking three established facts:
Working hours per day in an established firm are, say, seven and a health man has the capacity to work for nine hour, it cannot be said that the man is unemployed for two hours a day.
Wage rate in a particular occupation is $25 per day and a certain man demand $40 per day, and then he would not be able to get employment.
A man’s state of health if a man is sick and is unable to work, he cannot be included in the rank of the unemployed.
THE TRANSLATED TEXTS
Translated texts of the two articles (From Vietnamese into English)
In four articles the authors use descriptive writing style, focus on describing an event, a character or a place in detail.
In article 1, the author focuses on “Women’s housework should be part of GDP: researchers”
In article 2, is focused is “Seasonal workers flock to cities as Tet approaches”
In article 3, it is “Odd jobs in Vietnam”
In addition, in article 4, is about “Students think vocational schools offer more job opportunities”
It canbe seen that all articles are about employment and introduce various employments in Vietnam Therefore, the tone is quite formal and reverent besides has more figure and datas, which helps readers to understand clearly about the topic.
3.2 The difficulties and convinience met during the translation
Throughout the translation process from English to Vietnamese and vice versa which still has a number of difficulties These difficulties include the differences in culture, traditions and ways of thinking and writting of each person.
In contrast, these translations are still very convenient for the translator All the translations are all about employment therefore it expresses in writing style and has some numbers and data related to employment help translators translate easily.
3.3 Knowledge about translated field (Employment)
There is no acquiescence in the definition of employment There are differences in the definitions of employment By the definition of Oxford learner dictionary employment is work, especially when it is done to earn
COMMENT ON TRANSLATION
Genre of text
In four articles the authors use descriptive writing style, focus on describing an event, a character or a place in detail.
In article 1, the author focuses on “Women’s housework should be part of GDP: researchers”
In article 2, is focused is “Seasonal workers flock to cities as Tet approaches”
In article 3, it is “Odd jobs in Vietnam”
In addition, in article 4, is about “Students think vocational schools offer more job opportunities”
It canbe seen that all articles are about employment and introduce various employments in Vietnam Therefore, the tone is quite formal and reverent besides has more figure and datas, which helps readers to understand clearly about the topic.
The difficulties and convinience met during the translation
Throughout the translation process from English to Vietnamese and vice versa which still has a number of difficulties These difficulties include the differences in culture, traditions and ways of thinking and writting of each person.
In contrast, these translations are still very convenient for the translator All the translations are all about employment therefore it expresses in writing style and has some numbers and data related to employment help translators translate easily.
Knowledge about translated field (Employment)
There is no acquiescence in the definition of employment There are differences in the definitions of employment By the definition of Oxford learner dictionary employment is work, especially when it is done to earn money; the state of being employed In addition, another meaning of employment is the fact of someone being paid to work for a company or organization.
By law, a person might in principle be employed from the age of 15, eg For professional training, of for an apprenticeship during school holidays After completion of compulsory education at school, there is an obligation to continue educational measures until the age of 18 Any form of employment can therefore only accompany educational measures Part-time working is widespread in trade Seasonal work is common in tourism and the hotel and catering trade in cities and tourist areas as well as agriculture and forestry In the building trade, fixed-term employment contracts are also possible. Freelance service and work contracts are replacing conventional employment contracts in all fields of employment.
The type of employment stipulated in the employment contract does not necessarily correspond to the real-life situation: e.g a contract may state a freelance services contract, althogh the occupation is carried-out in personal dependence, meaning the employed person is bound by instruction, directions regarding working hours, place of work, etc In this case, the contract is in fact a regular employment contract and the respective rules apply.
In full and part time work, the conventional contract of employment in a permanent employment relationship with all its rights (leave entitlement, protection against dismissal, social insurance, etc.) and obligations continues to be the most common form Part-time employees are subject to the same labour legislation rules as full-time employees and have (except cases of marginal employment) the same insurance protection (sickness, accident, unemployment and pension insurance) The same applies to fixed-term
Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 Page 37 employment contracts, although there are no periods of notice since the employment relationship ceases at the end of the contract.
In addition, seasonal workers in the hotel and catering trade are subject to special collective treaty provisions regarding their working time; there is full social insurance protection.
For volunteer employment, voluntary workers have trainee status They are under no obligation to perform work and have no claim to remuneration.Moreover, new self-employed workers comprises all commercial activities for which a trade licence is not required (e.g writers, consultants, translators,lecturers, psychotherapists) The new self-employed have to report their activity to the Social Insurance Institution for Trade and Industry They are covered by sickness, pension and accident insurance.
Through the process of translating from English to Vietnamese and vice versa, there are many difficulties related to differences in culture, traditions, writing style and way of thinking of both writers and translators Because of these differences, translators find it difficult to translate and transmit the correct content and meaning of the writer to the reader Therefore, translators need to have their own skills related to the subject and the field they are translating (in this article is the translation of employment) Moreover, translators need to use and analyze different translation methods such as reference, reiteration and substitution as cohesion to express the meaning of the source text in the clever way for readers to understand clearly.
Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 Page 39