ASSIGNMENT ON TRANSLATION EDUCATION DECLARATION title TRANSLATION IN TOURISM

Graduation Pa HA NOI OPEN UNIVERSITY Centre For E learning ASSIGNMENT ON TRANSLATION EDUCATION Supervisor DAU THI LE HIEU MA Student NGO THI ANH NGOC Date of birth February 8th, 1996 Course F55 HA NOI.

HA NOI OPEN UNIVERSITY Centre For E-learning - ASSIGNMENT ON TRANSLATION EDUCATION Supervisor: DAU THI LE HIEU.MA Student: NGO THI ANH NGOC Date of birth: February 8th, 1996 Course: F55 HA NOI, 2018 CODE: Graduation Paper DECLARATION Title: TRANSLATION IN TOURISM I certify that no part of the above report has been copied or reproduced by me from any other’s work without acknowledgement and that the report is originally written by me under strict guidance of my supervisor Ha Noi city, 25th October, 2018 Student signature NGO THI ANH NGOC Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 Supervisor signature DAU THI LE HIEU Page i Graduation Paper ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS In fact, there is no success without associated with support, help more or less whether directly or indirectly by others During the period, from the start of the study in university I have received a lot of attention and help from teachers, family and friends This paper is impossible without close assistance from all the instructors and lecturers of EHOU My deep thanks to go to Ms Dau Thi Le Hieu, who have given me useful explanation and devoted guidance through the period when I compiled materials and develop the report I would like to extend my sincere thanks to all the teachers in EHOU for their useful lessons during my studying Last but far from the least, my thanks presentes to Cleverlearn English Center-Trung Hoa, my family and all of my friends for their encouragement, inspiration in the process of completing this paper Ha Noi, October 2018 Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 Page ii Graduation Paper TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION .i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ii TABLE OF CONTENTS .iii PART A: INTRODUCTION 1 Rationale Aims of the assignment Scope of the assignment Methods of the assignment .2 Company Background 5.1 The Introduction 5.2 History and development 5.3 Function and areas of business PART B: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER THE ORETICAL BACKGROUND: TRANSLATION 1.1 Definition of translation: 1.2 Types of translation 1.2.1 Literal translation .5 1.2.2 Word-for-word translation .5 1.2.4 Free translation 1.2.5 Semantic translation 1.2.6 Idiomatic translation 1.2.7 Communicative translation 1.3 Definition of employment PART B: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER THE TRANSLATED TEXTS 2.1 Translated texts of the two articles (From English into Vietnamese) .9 2.1.1 Article 1: Women’s housework should be part of GDP: researchers .9 2.1.2 Article 2: Seasonal workers flock to cities as Tet approaches 16 Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 Page iii Graduation Paper 2.2 Translated texts of the two articles (From Vietnamese into English) 23 2.2.1 Article 3: Những công việc thú vị Việt Nam 23 2.2.2 Article 4: Nhiều học sinh nghĩ trường dạy nghề mang lại nhiều hội việc làm 30 CHAPTER COMMENT ON TRANSLATION 36 3.1 Genre of text 36 3.2 The difficulties and convinience met during the translation 36 3.3 Knowledge about translated field (Employment) 36 PART C: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION .39 REFERENCES 40 Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 Page iv Graduation Paper PART A: INTRODUCTION Rationale Employment is one of the most respected topics in modern society There are a number of issues related to employment, which gets attention from many economists and market analysts As a result, translations related to employment and its issues are becoming essential to people, especially student who are graduating Translations on employment always provide readers with useful information about the labor market and employment trends of countries all around the world As a student of English and have a passion for translations, I find out that it is interesting when translating employment articles from English language into Vietnamese and vice versa That is the reason why I choose this, the topic of “translation in employment” Aims of the assignment The study on translation in tourism aims to figure out an overview on translation strategies employed in translation of employment  Collecting and presenting news from Vietnamese into English and vice versa  Preliminary analyzing translation news  Comment on the translation of the company Scope of the assignment Learning and cultivating knowledge in all aspects of life is becoming increasingly important to people Especially strengthening the knowledge related to society such as culture, tradition and employment around the world is an essential trend for each person Therefore, due to limitation of my knowledge and time, my study could not cover all of the aspects of this theme I just only translate some specific news from English into Vietnamese and vice versa then express some language phenomena and comments Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 Page Graduation Paper Methods of the assignment In order to achieve the successful and effective study, I based on various kinds of resources specialized as following:  Supervisor consultation  Cleverlearn English Center’s consultation  Basing on my experiences on tourism  Searching documents and the sources of information such as on the internet, reference books, newspapers, etc Company Background 5.1 The Introduction Full name: Cleverlearn English Center-Trung Hoa (Cleverlearn Inc) Adress: No 15, Lane 30 Nguyen Thi Dinh, Nhan Chinh, Hanoi Tel: (+084) 02432216188 Email: info@cleverlearnvietnam.vn Website: http://www.cleverlearnvietnam.vn 5.2 History and development Cleverlearn English Center - Trung Hoa established in October 26 th 2015, has representative offices in Hanoi city The headquarter was formerly located at DC building, 144 Doi Can, Ba Dinh District, Hanoi Cleverlearn English Center - Trung Hoa is with nearly years of development, Cleverlearn English Center - Trung Hoa has become one of the most reputable English teaching centers, particularly in teaching English for children in Hanoi They want to build a professional and friendly educational environment to children in practicing their English skills and provide them with the confidence to integrate in the global community Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 Page Graduation Paper 5.3 Function and areas of business  Achieve and enhance customer satisfaction by providing prestigious courses, offer customer the highest efficiency and thoughtful aftersales service  Regularly train managers and staff in order to meet the job requirements and improve the company’s competitiveness  Create a sound and fair work environment so that staff and teachers are able to fully utilize and optimize their full potential and push their career forward  Ensure adequate resources to maintain and constantly enhance the Quality management systems Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 Page Graduation Paper PART B: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER THE ORETICAL BACKGROUND: TRANSLATION 1.1 Definition of translation: Translation has a number of definitions and concepts that are developing by lots of famous linguistic of translation Translation is to render the meaning of a text into another language in the way that the author intended the text Translation is the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by means of an equivalent target-language text Whereas interpreting undoubtedly antedates writing, translation began only after the appearance of written literature; there exist partial translations of the Sumerian Epic of Gilgamesh (ca 2000 BCE) into Southwest Asian languages of the second millennium BCE Translation is the expression in another language (target language) of what has been expressed in one language (source language), preserving semantic and stylistic equivalencies [By Roger T Bell] Translation is the replacement of a representation of a text in one language by a representation of an equivalent text in second language [By Roger T Bell] Translation is a type of speech activity, aimed at transmitting a message, doubling the components of communication in those cases, when there is a discrepancy between codes used by the sender and the receiver of the message [R K Minyar-Beloruchev, 1980] Translation by dictionary definition, consists of changing from one state or form to another, to turn into one’s own or another’s language [The Merriam-Webster Dictionary, 1974] Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 Page Graduation Paper Translation is rendering a written text into another language in a way that the author intended the text [By Bui Tien Bao- Hanoi National University] Translation means to precisely and completely express by means of one language the things that had been expressed earlier by the means of another language [A V Fedorov, 2002] Translation is translating consists in reporducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message [Nida and Taber, 1982] Translation is a creative intellectual activity, denoting the transmitting of information from a source language into a target language [Y P Solodub, 2005] 1.2 Types of translation 1.2.1 Literal translation This type of translation is form-based It follows the syntactic structures of the SL and preserves the semantic equivalence between SL and TL textual segments There is a little consideration for the translation situation of language context E.g: “I love you” “Tôi yêu em” 1.2.2 Word-for-word translation This type of translation is at the extreme of literal translation and also known as interlinear translation since it follows strictly the word order of the SL In a typical interlinear translation, the exact replica in the TL will replace each word in the SL E.g: “What is your name?” “Tên bạn gì?” Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 Page Graduation Paper cho tre tươi Mỗi năm cho xuất year she exported 100-200 tons of 100-200 tre sang Đài bamboo leaves to Taiwan and Japan Loan Nhật Bản Making pens from bamboo Làm bút từ tre In 2006, Nguyen Duy Thang from Năm 2006, Nguyễn Duy Thắng quận Hoai Duc district, Hanoi entered Hoài Đức, Hà nội đậu vào trường Hanoi Open University to study Đại Học mở Hà Nội để học thiết kế graphic design đồ họa With an excellent degree, he was Với thành tích xuất sắc, anh invited to teach graphic design at the giữ lại giảng dạy môn thiết kế university, but he refused đồ họa trường, anh từ chối Thang returned to his hometown to Thắng trở nhà để thành lập establish a small workshop producing bamboo pens cửa hàng nhỏ làm bút tre He currently employs over 20 workers Hiện anh thuê 20 nhân and over 200 stores selling his công 200 cửa hàng bán bút tre bamboo pens anh With only VND3.000-VND5.000 for Với giá từ 3.000-5.000 cho vật raw materials, he sells bamboo pens liệu thô, anh bán bút tre với giá for VND20.000 - VND50.000/pen từ 20.000-50.000/bút/ Công ty Thang’s company earns annual Thắng thu nhập doanh thu hàng năm turnover of nearly VND1 billion gần đến tỷ VNĐ (40.000 USD) ($40.000) Beauty services for pets Dịch vụ làm đẹp cho thú cưng Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 More beauty spas for pets have Page 26 Graduation Paper Những spa làm đẹp cho thú cưng appeared in Hanoi and Saigon, where xuất nhiều Hà Nội Sài Gòn services for dogs and cats are more Ở dịch vụ cho chó mèo expensive than for humans giá đắt dành cho người At a spa for pets in HCM City, pet Tại spa thú cưng HCM, chủ owners have to pay VND90.000nhân phải trả từ 90.000-200.000/ VND200.000/day ($4-10) for petngày (4-1 USD) cho dịch vụ trông sitting service, VND100.000 ($4.5) giữ, với giá 100.000 VNĐ (4.5 USD) for ear and tail hair cut, VND200.000 dành cho cắt tóc tai đuôi,200.000 ($9) for nail services, VND400.000VNĐ (9USD) dành cho nail, 500.000 ($18-$23) for hair dying, and 400.000-500.000 (18 USD -23 USD) VND350.000 ($16) for eyelid lifting cho sấy tóc, và350.000 VNĐ (16USD) nâng mí mắt Earning $2,500 from cat breeding Kiếm 2.500 USD từ việc nuôi mèo Receiving an imported cat as a gift for Đang tiếp nhận nhập his excellent study record from his mèo giống quà dành mother when he was a 9th grader, cho nghiên cứu tuyệt vời anh Thanh Trung, 23, in Ha Dong District, ghi nhận từ người mẹ anh Hanoi began having a passion to raise học lớp 9, Thành Trung 23 tuổi, cats quận Hà Đơng, Hà nội bắt đầu có niềm đam mê nuôi mèo Sau đăng hình bốn chó mèo FB, nhiều người hỏi để mua chúng Trung Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 After showing pictures of his four kittens on Facebook, many people asked to buy the kittens Trung had the idea of raising imported cats for sale Page 27 Graduation Paper có ý tưởng nuôi mèo nhập để bán He bought two Persian cats and two Exotic cats from Russia for VND40 Anh mua hai mèo giống million ($2.000)/cat After about Pesian mèo giống Exotic từ year, Trung had over 15 cats Nga với giá 40 triệu ( 2.000 USD/con) Sau năm, Trung có 15 mèo The boy has 40 breeding cats and tens of kittens worth nearly $30.000 Chàng trai có 40 mèo giống Trung earns about $2,500 a month 10 mèo trị giá gần 30.000 from selling cats USD Trung kiếm khoảng 2.500 USD tháng cho việc bán mèo b Analysis  Linguistic phenomena In this article, there are some main languages phenomena such as references and reiteration use as cohesive devices in the text Besides, there are simile and personification as figurative languages The below analysis can show it clearly  Reference Eg1: Những đàn trầu đàn bò đánh hàng trăm chăn thả vùng đất trống phường Cát Lái, Thành Mỹ Lợi, An Phú quận 2, TP HCM.Tất nhiên, Gia súc thả tự để gặm cỏ Những người chủ xe máy xung quanh gia súc lùa chúng nhà vào buổi chiều In the second and third sentences, “gia súc” “chúng” are refered back to “Những đàn trầu đàn bò” Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 Page 28 Graduation Paper Eg2: Năm 2006, Nguyễn Duy Thắng quận Hoài Đức, Hà nội đậu vào trường Đại Học mở Hà Nội để học thiết kế đồ họa Với thành tích xuất sắc, anh giữ lại giảng dạy môn thiết kế đồ họa trường, anh từ chối In the second sentences, “anh ấy” and “trường” refer back to “Nguyễn Duy Thắng” and “trường Đại Học mở Hà Nội” respectively Eg3: Sau đăng hình bốn chó mèo FB, nhiều người hỏi để mua chúng In the sentence, “chúng” refers to “bốn chó mèo con” Eg4: Những spa làm đẹp cho thú cưng xuất nhiều Hà Nội Sài Gòn[…] Tại spa thú cưng HCM, chủ nhân phải trả từ 90.000-200.000/ ngày (4-1 USD) cho dịch vụ trông giữ, với giá 100.000 VNĐ (4.5 USD) dành cho cắt tóc tai đuôi,200.000 VNĐ (9USD) dành cho nail, 400.000-500.000 (18 USD -23 USD) cho sấy tóc, và350.000 VNĐ (16USD) nâng mí mắt The whole paragraph remind the readers about “spa làm đẹp cho thú cưng”  Reiteration Because this article is about “Những công việc thú vị Việt Nam”, it is clear that The author has listed quite a few works from artisanal to work related to business such as “việc nuôi mèo, dịch vụ làm đẹp cho thú cưng, làm bút từ tre, nghệ thuật chạm trổ dưa hấu etc” throughout the text to emphasize the main topic as well as the author’s idea 2.2.2 Article 4: Nhiều học sinh nghĩ trường dạy nghề mang lại nhiều hội việc làm a Translated text Nhiều học sinh nghĩ trường dạy nghề mang lại nhiều hội việc làm Students think vocational schools offer more job opportunities Đi học nghề thay vào trường Going to vocational schools instead of Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 Page 29 Graduation Paper đại học xu hướng lựa chọn university tends to be the choice of nhiều học sinh Một số Báo cáo cho more students Reports show workers thấy người lao động với kỹ tốt with good skills can have better có kết tốt so với incomes sinh viên tốt nghiệp đại học than some university graduates Đi học nghề thay chọn trường Going to vocational schools instead of đại học xu hướng lựa chọn university tends to be the choice of nhiều sinh viên more students Trần Văn Hải, học sinh Tran Van Hai, a student at the Ky trường trung học phổ thông Kỳ Anh, Anh High School in Ha Tinh tỉnh Hà Tĩnh, cho biết cậu khơng có ý province, said he does not intend to định tiếp tục theo học đại học continue studying at university though khả học tập cậu tốt his learning capability is good "Tôi biết nhiều sinh viên tốt “I know a lot of university graduates nghiệp đại học, người who are unemployed I think it would thất nghiệp Tôi nghĩ tốt be better for me to go to vocational cho học nghề xuất school or go abroad as exported lao động sau tốt nghiệp worker after I finish high school,” he trung học phổ thơng", Hải nói said "Chị gái tơi đậu Đại học Sư phạm “My sister only passed the exam to Huế sau ba lần thi Cô tốt nghiệp enter the Hue City University of trường học vào năm 2012 bị thất Education after three trials She nghiệp hai năm Chị vừa mở finished the school in 2012 and stayed Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 Page 30 Graduation Paper cửa hàng thời trang thành jobless for two years She has just phố để kiếm sống" Hải cho biết opened a fashion shop in town to earn her living,” he said Ông Cao Văn Sâm, Phó tổng giám Cao Van Sam, deputy general director đốc Tổng cục Dạy nghề lưu ý of the General Department of ơng nhìn thấy thay đổi Vocational Training, noted that he lớn suy nghĩ sinh viên Việt could see big changes in Vietnamese Nam nghiệp students’ thoughts about careers "Họ nhận người lao động “They have realized that workers with có kỹ tốt dễ dàng tìm good skills can more easily find jobs việc làm có kết tốt and have better incomes so với sinh viên tốt nghiệp đại học" university graduates,” he said than ơng nói Những báo cáo từ sở giáo dục The reports from local education and đào tạo địa phương cho thấy tỷ lệ training departments show high học sinh đăng ký tham dự kì percentages of students who register thi tốt nghiệp để hoàn tất trung to attend the finals just to finish high học mà kho ứng tuyển vào trường school, not to apply for university đại học cao Ở tỉnh Hà Giang Hồ Bình, In Ha Giang and Hoa Binh provinces, 70% học sinh trung học cho biết họ 70 percent of high school students khơng có ý định học đại học Con said they don’t intend to go to số 55% Yên Bái, Bắc Kạn, Điện university The ps are 55 percent in Biên, 35% tỉnh Kon Tum Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 Yen Bai, Bac Kan and Dien Bien, and Page 31 Graduation Paper 35 percent in Kon Tum province Không tỉnh nghèo, mà Hà Not only poor provinces, but Hanoi Nội có giảm đáng kể số has also seen a significant decrease in lượng sinh viên có kế hoạch học đại the number of students planning to go học Một báo cáo cho thấy 14.716 to university A report showed that học sinh tốt nghiệp số 66.006 14,716 out of 66,006 students in the học sinh thành phố muốn tốt city only want to finish high schools nghiệp trung học phổ thông Tỷ lệ The ratio was 11.000 vs 84.000 in 11.000 84.000 vào năm 2015 2015 Theo ông Ngô Văn Chất đến từ Sở According to Ngo Van Chat from the Giáo dục Đào tạo Hà Nội, tỷ lệ Hanoi Education and Training đặc biệt cao số trường học, Department, the proportion is Einstein (70%) Mạc Đĩnh Chi especially high in some schools, such (90%) as Einstein (70 percent) and Mac Dinh Chi (90 percent) Ông Quách Văn Sơn, hiệu trưởng trường trung học Sao Bay Hịa Bình, lưu ý học sinh nhìn thấy giáo viên phải đấu tranh cách khó khăn để trở thành nhân viên thức hưởng lương từ ngân sách nhà nước họ bị nản lòng Quach Van Son, headmaster of Sao Bay High School in Hoa Binh, noted that students might see how hard teachers have to struggle to become official workers to receive salary from the state budget and they are discouraged Ông Sâm nói cần thiết để Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 Page 32 Graduation Paper khuyến khích học sinh học nghề Sam said it is necessary to encourage sau học xong trung học Đi học students to go to vocational school nghề tốn học đại học, after they finish high school It is less học sinh dễ costly to go to vocational school than dàng tìm việc làm sau tốt to university, while students can nghiệp easily find jobs after graduation Một báo cáo Ban Giám đốc ông cho thấy 70% sinh viên tốt A report of his general directorate nghiệp trường nghề tìm showed that 70 percent of vocational việc làm Tỷ lệ school graduates could find jobs 100% số ngành nghề immediately The proportion is 100 'hot' "Một thợ hàn lành nghề percent in some ‘hot’ careers “A thu nhập lên tới 100 triệu đồng skilled welder now earn up to tháng," ông nói VND100 million a month,” he said b Analysis  References Eg 1: Trần Văn Hải, học sinh trường trung học phổ thông Kỳ Anh, tỉnh Hà Tĩnh, cho biết cậu khơng có ý định tiếp tục theo học đại học khả học tập cậu tốt In this sentence, the word “cậu” refers back to “Trần Văn Hải” Eg2: Ông Cao Văn Sâm, Phó tổng giám đốc Tổng cục Dạy nghề lưu ý ơng nhìn thấy thay đổi lớn suy nghĩ sinh viên Việt Nam nghiệp Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 Page 33 Graduation Paper The word “ông” is refered back into “Ông Cao Văn Sâm” Eg3: Ở tỉnh Hà Giang Hồ Bình, 70% học sinh trung học cho biết họ khơng có ý định học đại học In the sentence, “họ” refers back to “học sinh trung học” Eg4: Ở tỉnh Hà Giang Hồ Bình, 70% học sinh trung học cho biết họ khơng có ý định học đại học Con số 55% Yên Bái, Bắc Kạn, Điện Biên, 35% tỉnh Kon Tum Không tỉnh nghèo, mà Hà Nội có giảm đáng kể số lượng sinh viên có kế hoạch học đại học Một báo cáo cho thấy 14.716 học sinh tốt nghiệp số 66.006 học sinh thành phố muốn tốt nghiệp trung học phổ thông Tỷ lệ 11.000 84.000 vào năm 2015 The figures in the above paragraphs show that the numbers of student have choosed vocational school sharply increase  Reiteration Because this article is about “Nhiều học sinh nghĩ trường dạy nghề mang lại nhiều hội việc làm”, it is clear that two words “học sinh” and “trường dạy nghề ” repeates many times throughout the text to emphasize the main topic of the article  Cultural impacts and direction of handling translation skills Eg1: Ơng Cao Văn Sâm, Phó tổng giám đốc Tổng cục Dạy nghề lưu ý ông nhìn thấy thay đổi lớn suy nghĩ sinh viên Việt Nam nghiệp In this sentence, “Ơng Cao Văn Sâm, Phó tổng giám đốc Tổng cục Dạy nghề” translates to “Cao Van Sam, deputy general director of the General Department of Vocational Training” Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 Page 34 Graduation Paper Eg2: Theo ông Ngô Văn Chất đến từ Sở Giáo dục Đào tạo Hà Nội, tỷ lệ đặc biệt cao số trường học, Einstein (70%) Mạc Đĩnh Chi (90%) In the above sentence, “Ngô Văn Chất đến từ Sở Giáo dục Đào tạo Hà Nội” translates to “Ngo Van Chat from the Hanoi Education and Training Department” Eg3: Ông Quách Văn Sơn, hiệu trưởng trường trung học Sao Bay Hịa Bình This is translated to “Quach Van Son, headmaster of Sao Bay High School in Hoa Binh” Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 Page 35 Graduation Pa CHAPTER COMMENT ON TRANSLATION 3.1 Genre of text In four articles the authors use descriptive writing style, focus on describing an event, a character or a place in detail In article 1, the author focuses on “Women’s housework should be part of GDP: researchers” In article 2, is focused is “Seasonal workers flock to cities as Tet approaches” In article 3, it is “Odd jobs in Vietnam” In addition, in article 4, is about “Students think vocational schools offer more job opportunities” It canbe seen that all articles are about employment and introduce various employments in Vietnam Therefore, the tone is quite formal and reverent besides has more figure and datas, which helps readers to understand clearly about the topic 3.2 The difficulties and convinience met during the translation Throughout the translation process from English to Vietnamese and vice versa which still has a number of difficulties These difficulties include the differences in culture, traditions and ways of thinking and writting of each person In contrast, these translations are still very convenient for the translator All the translations are all about employment therefore it expresses in writing style and has some numbers and data related to employment help translators translate easily 3.3 Knowledge about translated field (Employment) There is no acquiescence in the definition of employment There are differences in the definitions of employment By the definition of Oxford learner dictionary employment is work, especially when it is done to earn Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 Page 36 Graduation Pa money; the state of being employed In addition, another meaning of employment is the fact of someone being paid to work for a company or organization By law, a person might in principle be employed from the age of 15, eg For professional training, of for an apprenticeship during school holidays After completion of compulsory education at school, there is an obligation to continue educational measures until the age of 18 Any form of employment can therefore only accompany educational measures Part-time working is widespread in trade Seasonal work is common in tourism and the hotel and catering trade in cities and tourist areas as well as agriculture and forestry In the building trade, fixed-term employment contracts are also possible Freelance service and work contracts are replacing conventional employment contracts in all fields of employment The type of employment stipulated in the employment contract does not necessarily correspond to the real-life situation: e.g a contract may state a freelance services contract, althogh the occupation is carried-out in personal dependence, meaning the employed person is bound by instruction, directions regarding working hours, place of work, etc In this case, the contract is in fact a regular employment contract and the respective rules apply In full and part time work, the conventional contract of employment in a permanent employment relationship with all its rights (leave entitlement, protection against dismissal, social insurance, etc.) and obligations continues to be the most common form Part-time employees are subject to the same labour legislation rules as full-time employees and have (except cases of marginal employment) the same insurance protection (sickness, accident, unemployment and pension insurance) The same applies to fixed-term Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 Page 37 Graduation Pa employment contracts, although there are no periods of notice since the employment relationship ceases at the end of the contract In addition, seasonal workers in the hotel and catering trade are subject to special collective treaty provisions regarding their working time; there is full social insurance protection For volunteer employment, voluntary workers have trainee status They are under no obligation to perform work and have no claim to remuneration Moreover, new self-employed workers comprises all commercial activities for which a trade licence is not required (e.g writers, consultants, translators, lecturers, psychotherapists) The new self-employed have to report their activity to the Social Insurance Institution for Trade and Industry They are covered by sickness, pension and accident insurance Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 Page 38 Graduation Pa PART C: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Through the process of translating from English to Vietnamese and vice versa, there are many difficulties related to differences in culture, traditions, writing style and way of thinking of both writers and translators Because of these differences, translators find it difficult to translate and transmit the correct content and meaning of the writer to the reader Therefore, translators need to have their own skills related to the subject and the field they are translating (in this article is the translation of employment) Moreover, translators need to use and analyze different translation methods such as reference, reiteration and substitution as cohesion to express the meaning of the source text in the clever way for readers to understand clearly Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 Page 39 Graduation Pa REFERENCES Dakin, Stephen; Armstrong, J Scott (1989) "Predicting job performance: A comparison of expert opinion and research findings" (PDF) International Journal of Forecasting 5: 187–194 https://www.canlii.org/en/bc/bcca/doc/2001/2001bcca214/2001bcca214.html https://library.croneri.co.uk/cch_uk/btc/2-tc-179 http://www.duhaime.org/LegalDictionary/E/Employment.aspx http://cas2.umkc.edu/economics/people/facultypages/kregel/courses/ econ645/winter2011/generaltheory.pdf https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/125515/1366_KeynesTheoryofEmployment.pdf https://english.vietnamnet.vn/fms/society/164545/women-s-houseworkshould-be-part-of-gdp researchers.html https://english.vietnamnet.vn/fms/society/169193/seasonal-workers-flock-tocities-as-tet-approaches.html http://cep.com.vn/nhung-cong-viec-thu-vi-o-viet-nam-3903.html http://cep.com.vn/nhieu-hoc-sinh-nghi-rang-cac-truong-day-nghe-mang-lainhieu-co-hoi-viec-lam-3190.html Ngo Thi Anh Ngoc – EN 48.008 – F55 Page 40 ... ? ?translation in employment” Aims of the assignment The study on translation in tourism aims to figure out an overview on translation strategies employed in translation of employment  Collecting... translator The context of language, translation situation, and translation purpose and translation ship are among essential considerations for this kind of translation E.g: “Hi How is going?” “Chào... Graduation Paper PART B: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER THE ORETICAL BACKGROUND: TRANSLATION 1.1 Definition of translation: Translation has a number of definitions and concepts that are developing by lots