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ASSIGNMENT ON TRANSLATION EDUCATION DECLARATION title TRANSLATION IN TOURISM

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Cấu trúc

  • 1. Rationale (6)
  • 2. Aims of the assignment (6)
  • 3. Scope of the assignment (6)
  • 4. Methods of the assignment (7)
  • 5. Company Background (7)
    • 5.1 The Introduction (7)
    • 5.2 History and development (7)
    • 5.3 Function and areas of business (8)
  • CHAPTER 1 THE ORETICAL BACKGROUND: TRANSLATION (9)
    • 1.1 Definition of translation (9)
    • 1.2 Types of translation (10)
      • 1.2.1 Literal translation (10)
      • 1.2.2 Word-for-word translation (10)
      • 1.2.4 Free translation (11)
      • 1.2.5 Semantic translation (11)
      • 1.2.6 Idiomatic translation (11)
      • 1.2.7 Communicative translation (12)
    • 1.3 Definition of employment (12)
  • CHAPTER 2 THE TRANSLATED TEXTS (14)
    • 2.1 Translated texts of the two articles (From English into Vietnamese) (14)
      • 2.1.1 Article 1: Women’s housework should be part of GDP: researchers (14)
      • 2.1.2 Article 2: Seasonal workers flock to cities as Tet approaches (21)
    • 2.2 Translated texts of the two articles (From Vietnamese into English) (28)
      • 2.2.1 Article 3: Những công việc thú vị ở Việt Nam (28)
      • 2.2.2 Article 4: Nhiều học sinh nghĩ rằng các trường dạy nghề mang lại nhiều cơ hội việc làm (34)
  • CHAPTER 3 COMMENT ON TRANSLATION (41)
    • 3.1 Genre of text (41)
    • 3.2 The difficulties and convinience met during the translation (41)
    • 3.3 Knowledge about translated field (Employment) (41)

Nội dung

Rationale

Employment is one of the most respected topics in modern society There are a number of issues related to employment, which gets attention from many economists and market analysts As a result, translations related to employment and its issues are becoming essential to people, especially student who are graduating Translations on employment always provide readers with useful information about the labor market and employment trends of countries all around the world As a student of English and have a passion for translations, I find out that it is interesting when translating employment articles from English language into Vietnamese and vice versa.That is the reason why I choose this, the topic of “translation in employment”.

Aims of the assignment

The study on translation in tourism aims to figure out an overview on translation strategies employed in translation of employment.

 Collecting and presenting news from Vietnamese into English and vice versa

 Comment on the translation of the company

Scope of the assignment

Learning and cultivating knowledge in all aspects of life is becoming increasingly important to people Especially strengthening the knowledge related to society such as culture, tradition and employment around the world is an essential trend for each person Therefore, due to limitation of my knowledge and time, my study could not cover all of the aspects of this theme I just only translate some specific news from English into Vietnamese and vice versa then express some language phenomena and comments.

Methods of the assignment

In order to achieve the successful and effective study, I based on various kinds of resources specialized as following:

 Basing on my experiences on tourism

 Searching documents and the sources of information such as on the internet, reference books, newspapers, etc

Company Background

The Introduction

Full name: Cleverlearn English Center-Trung Hoa (Cleverlearn Inc)

Adress: No 15, Lane 30 Nguyen Thi Dinh, Nhan Chinh, Hanoi

Website: http://www.cleverlearnvietnam.vn

History and development

Cleverlearn English Center - Trung Hoa established in October 26 th 2015, has representative offices in Hanoi city The headquarter was formerly located at

DC building, 144 Doi Can, Ba Dinh District, Hanoi.

Cleverlearn English Center - Trung Hoa is with nearly 3 years of development, Cleverlearn English Center - Trung Hoa has become one of the most reputable English teaching centers, particularly in teaching English for children in Hanoi They want to build a professional and friendly educational environment to children in practicing their English skills and provide them with the confidence to integrate in the global community.

Function and areas of business

 Achieve and enhance customer satisfaction by providing prestigious courses, offer customer the highest efficiency and thoughtful after- sales service.

 Regularly train managers and staff in order to meet the job requirements and improve the company’s competitiveness.

 Create a sound and fair work environment so that staff and teachers are able to fully utilize and optimize their full potential and push their career forward.

 Ensure adequate resources to maintain and constantly enhance theQuality management systems.

THE ORETICAL BACKGROUND: TRANSLATION

Definition of translation

Translation has a number of definitions and concepts that are developing by lots of famous linguistic of translation.

Translation is to render the meaning of a text into another language in the way that the author intended the text

Translation is the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by means of an equivalent target-language text Whereas interpreting undoubtedly antedates writing, translation began only after the appearance of written literature; there exist partial translations of the Sumerian Epic of Gilgamesh (ca 2000 BCE) into Southwest Asian languages of the second millennium BCE.

Translation is the expression in another language (target language) of what has been expressed in one language (source language), preserving semantic and stylistic equivalencies [By Roger T Bell]

Translation is the replacement of a representation of a text in one language by a representation of an equivalent text in second language [By Roger T Bell]

Translation is a type of speech activity, aimed at transmitting a message, doubling the components of communication in those cases, when there is a discrepancy between codes used by the sender and the receiver of the message [R K Minyar-Beloruchev, 1980].

Translation by dictionary definition, consists of changing from one state or form to another, to turn into one’s own or another’s language [TheMerriam-Webster Dictionary, 1974]

Translation is rendering a written text into another language in a way that the author intended the text [By Bui Tien Bao- Hanoi National University]

Translation means to precisely and completely express by means of one language the things that had been expressed earlier by the means of another language [A V Fedorov, 2002]

Translation is translating consists in reporducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message [Nida and Taber, 1982]

Translation is a creative intellectual activity, denoting the transmitting of information from a source language into a target language [Y P Solodub,2005]

Types of translation

This type of translation is form-based It follows the syntactic structures of the

SL and preserves the semantic equivalence between SL and TL textual segments There is a little consideration for the translation situation of language context.

This type of translation is at the extreme of literal translation and also known as interlinear translation since it follows strictly the word order of the SL In a typical interlinear translation, the exact replica in the TL will replace each word in the SL.

Also called modified literal translation This type of translation transfers the grammatical structures and cultural words of the SL into the TL It attempts to be completely faithful to the intention and the text-realization of the SL writer Changes are made only to avoid complete nonsense in the TL.

This type of translation is meaning-based There is only the global correspondence between the textual units of the ST and those of the TT Free translation may allow a total creativity of the translator The context of language, translation situation, and translation purpose and translation ship are among essential considerations for this kind of translation.

“Chào Dạo này thế nào rồi?”

This type of translation is at the far end of literal translation It starts to take into account the/aesthetic value, readership and neutrality of meaning thought it is yet to use the cultural equivalents It is more flexible than faithful translation and allows for the translator’s creativity.

This translation is always culturally bound It… for the already existed and well-formed equivalents is the TL to replace the text in the SL The result is that the translation does not sound a translation at all but an originally written/spoken piece of SL.

E.g: “Doing nothing is doing ill”

“Nhàn cư vi bất thiện”

Rendering the exact contextual meaning of the original in such away that both context and language are readily acceptable and comprehensible to the readership Using standard expression for an equivalent target culture situation.

Eg: “It was conducted in nine cities and provinces in Vietnam from January to June this year.”

“Nó đã được tiến hành tại chín thành phố và tỉnh tại Việt Nam từ tháng một đến tháng sáu năm nay.”

Definition of employment

Employment is a relationship between two parties, usually based on a contract where work is paid for, where one party, which may be a corporation, for profit, not-for-profit organization, co-operative or other entity is the employer and the other is the employee [Dakin, Stephen; Armstrong, J Scott

Employment is a contract in which one person, the employee, agrees to perform work for another, the employer.

Employment means only where one man is set to work to earn money.

A man may employ himself to earn profits in many ways [Justice Dennan, 1886]

Employment there must be control by the employer over the employee

- the right to give the employee instructions as to what he is to do [Justice Gardiner, 1925].

Largely read, employment might refer to work, or an activity in which a person receives valuable consideration More narrowly read employment may refer to the position of a person in the service of another or performance of services under a contract of service [Justice Saunders of the British Columbia Court of Appeal, 2001]

Employment as " a professional engagement or otherwise under a contract for services any trade, business, profession, office or vocation any relationship whereby one person personally does work or performs services for another " [United Kingdom Employment Agencies Act, 1973]

By employment is meant an engagement of a person in some occupation, business, trade or profession, etc The nation of desiring to be employment can be explained by taking three established facts:

 Working hours per day in an established firm are, say, seven and a health man has the capacity to work for nine hour, it cannot be said that the man is unemployed for two hours a day.

 Wage rate in a particular occupation is $25 per day and a certain man demand $40 per day, and then he would not be able to get employment.

 A man’s state of health if a man is sick and is unable to work, he cannot be included in the rank of the unemployed.

THE TRANSLATED TEXTS

Translated texts of the two articles (From English into Vietnamese)

Women’s housework should be part of GDP: researchers

Theo các nhà nghiên cứu công việc nội trợ của phụ nữ nên là một phần của

GDP Vietnamese women spend over five hours doing so-called “no-name” work such as cooking, cleaning and childcare - about 2-2.5 hours more than men do.

“No-name” work is time consuming, repetitive and often intensive, but is not recognised, nor paid, nor respected by family members

This is one of the findings of the

Unpaid Care Work Research that analysed the roles and contribution of women through unpaid care work

(UCW), which was presented on

September 29 in Hanoi by the

Department of Gender Equality under

Phụ nữ Việt Nam dành ra hơn 5 tiếng để làm những công việc "không tên" ví dụ như nấu ăn, dọn dẹp,chăm sóc con cái, nhiều hơn nam giời khoảng 2-2,5 tiếng.

Những việc "Không tên" tiêu tốn nhiều thời gian, lặp đi lặp lại và nhiều, nhưng lại không được công nhận, cũng không được trả tiền, hay được các thành viên gia đình tôn trọng. Đây là một trong những phát hiện của nhóm Nghiên cứu về những công việc không được trả lương nhằm phân tích vai trò và đóng góp của người phụ nữ thông qua những việc làm không lương (viết tắt là UCW), được the Ministry of Labour, Invalids and

Social Affairs, in cooperation with

“No-name” work is time consuming, repetitive and often intensive, but is not recognised, nor paid, nor respected by family members, the community and women themselves, according to the initial research findings.

Director of ActionAid Vietnam, said that gender inequality was one of the root causes of poverty and injustice.

As many as 67 percent of people living in poverty worldwide are women Therefore, unless UCW is shared and acknowledged, more and more women will be poor, not having time for paid work or education, she said. trình bày vào ngày 29 tháng 9 tại Hà Nội do phòng Bình Đẳng Giới thuộc

Bộ Lao động, Thương binh và Xã hội, phối hợp với tổ chức ActionAid Việt Nam.

Theo kết quả nghiên cứu ban đầu: Những việc "Không tên" tiêu tốn nhiều thời gian, lặp đi lặp lại nhiều, nhưng lại không được công nhận, cũng không được trả tiền, hay được các thành viên gia đình, cộng đồng và chính bản thân những người phụ nữ khác tôn trọng.

Bà Hoàng Phương Thảo-giám đốc chi nhánh của ActionAid tại Việt Nam cho rằng bất bình đẳng giới là một trong những nguyên nhân gốc rễ của nghèo đói và bất công.

Bà nói: Có đến 67 phần trăm những người sống trong nghèo đói trên toàn thế giới là phụ nữ Vì vậy, trừ khi UCW được chia sẻ và thừa nhận, thì sẽ có ngày càng nhiều phụ nữ rơi vào đói nghèo, không có thời gian dành cho những công việc được trả tiền

“It will not only impact women but the next generation also Inequality can only be resolved if the solutions emerge from the family,” she said.

The research is part of a project entitled “Women’s Rights: Preventing

Politics” It is sponsored by Irish Aid and ActionAid Vietnam and implemented in different areas of

Vietnam It was conducted in nine cities and provinces in Vietnam from

January to June this year.

According to a survey by the Swiss

Government, if UCW in households is properly calculated, it would account for up to 40 percent of

Product (GDP) Research in the US state of Massachusetts estimated that if taken into account, UCW would increase the state’s GDP from 352 hoặc học hành.

Bà nói thêm: "Điều này sẽ không chỉ ảnh hưởng đến người phụ nữ mà còn cả các thế hệ tiếp theo Bất bình đẳng chỉ có thể được giải quyết nếu các giải pháp thoát ra khỏi gia đình"

Nghiên cứu này là một phần của một dự án mang tên "Quyền của phụ nữ: Phòng chống bạo lực trên cơ sở giới tính và thúc đẩy sự tham gia của phụ nữ trong chính trị" Được tài trợ bởi Irish Aid và ActionAid Việt Nam và được triển khai tại nhiều vùng khác nhau của Việt Nam Chương trình đã được tiến hành tại chín thành phố và tỉnh tại Việt Nam từ tháng một đến tháng sáu năm nay.

Theo một cuộc khảo sát được thực hiện bởi chính phủ Thụy Sĩ, nếuUCW tính đúng trong các hộ gia đình, thì nó sẽ chiếm đến 40 phần trăm của tổng sản phẩm quốc nội củaThụy Sĩ (GDP) Nghiên cứu ở bangMassachusetts ước tính rằng nếu đưa vào tài khoản, UCW sẽ làm tăng GDP billion USD to 504 billion USD, accounting for nearly 30 percent of the value of goods and services produced in the State.

With five hours of work per day,

Vietnam’s 22 million work-age women spend 110 million hours on

UCW, equal to over 13 million working days.

VND (4.4-6.6 USD ) per day, the value of the unrecorded UCW by women is more than 20 percent of

Vietnam’s GDP last year, which was about 41 billion USD.

The research recommends that the

Government consider UCW’s value as an indicator for GDP calculation.

Pham Ngoc Tien, Director of the

Gender Equality Department, said, “If

Vietnamese women’s contribution is well acknowledged, there will be của Bang từ 352 tỷ USD lên 504 tỷ USD, chiếm gần 30 phần trăm giá trị hàng hóa và dịch vụ được sản xuất tại Bang.

Với năm giờ làm việc mỗi ngày, 22 triệu phụ nữ Việt Nam đang trong độ tuổi làm việc đã dành ra 110 triệu giờ cho UCW (những công việc không được trả lương), tương đương hơn 13 triệu ngày làm việc.

Tính trung bình là 100.000-150.000 đồng (4,4-6,6 USD) mỗi ngày, giá trị của UCW không được ghi nhận là hơn 20 phần trăm của GDP của Việt Nam vào năm ngoái, tức khoảng 41 tỷ USD.

Nghiên cứu khuyến nghị chính phủ nên xem xét giá trị của UCW như một chỉ số để tính GDP. Ông Phạm Ngọc Tiến, Giám đốc VụBình đẳng giới cho biết "Nếu đóng góp của phụ nữ Việt Nam được công significant changes in our society regarding equality between men and women, which will inevitably lead to the reallocation and sharing of UCW in a more appropriate way.”

This would be a practical way to improve the economic situation and quality of life for women, he said.

It is crucially important for the

Government to consider how to incorporate UCW in GDP calculations and socio-economic policy development, according to the research. nhận đúng mức, sẽ có những thay đổi đáng kể trong xã hội của chúng ta liên quan đến bình đẳng giữa nam giới và phụ nữ, điều này chắc chắn sẽ dẫn đến việc tái phân bổ và chia sẻ UCW theo một cách thích hợp hơn ". Đây sẽ là một cách thiết thực để cải thiện tình hình kinh tế và chất lượng cuộc sống cho phụ nữ, ông nói.

Translated texts of the two articles (From Vietnamese into English)

Những công việc thú vị ở Việt Nam

Có một số công việc thú vị ở Hà Nội và Sài Gòn, mang lại thu nhâp cao như chăn trâu và nuôi mèo, bán lá tre, vẽ dưa hấu và trang điểm thú cưng.

Nhiều người sẽ không mong muốn để nhìn thấy những đàn trâu và đàn bò trong trung tâm nhộn nhịp Sài Gòn.

Quan trọng hơn, những người chăn trâu có thể kiếm hàng chục nghìn

USD từ công việc này.

There are some odd jobs in Hanoi and Saigon, which bring high income such as buffalo and cat breeding, bamboo leaf trading, watermelon carving and pet make-up.

Buffalo tending in the city

Many people would not expect to see herds of buffalos and cows in the center of bustling Saigon More importantly, the 'shepherds' can earn tens of thousands of USD from this job.

The herds of buffalos and cows

Những đàn trầu và đàn bò đánh hàng trăm con được chăn thả trên vùng đất trống ở phường Cát Lái, Thành Mỹ

Lợi, và An Phú ở quận 2, TP HCM.

Tất nhiên, Gia súc được thả tự do để gặm cỏ Những người chủ đi xe máy xung quanh gia súc và lùa chúng về nhà vào buổi chiều

Tương tự , ngay ở Hà Nội, một người đàn ông tên là Nguyễn Đình Thiên ở quận Hà Đông có thể tận dụng 200 ha đất, bao gồm những cánh đồng bị bỏ hoang và những dự án ngưng hoạt động để thả 60-70 con trâu và bò giá trị trên dưới 2 tỷ VNĐ (100.000

Nghệ thuật chạm trổ dưa hấu

Một cửa hàng trên đường Hoàng

Minh Giám, Quận Gò Vấp, TP HCM thuê 5-6 nghệ nhân để tỉa những trái dưa hấu.

Khắc dưa hấu bán rất tốt vào dịp tết numbering hundreds of head are tended on open grounds in the wards of Cat Lai, Thanh My Loi, and An Phu in District 2, HCM City.

Actually, the cattle are released free to graze The owners come on motorcycles to round up the cattle and take them home in late afternoon.

Similarly, in Hanoi, a man named Nguyen Dinh Thien from Ha Dong district takes advantage of a 200 hectare grass plot, consisting of abandoned fields and idle projects, to tend 60-70 buffalos and cows worth around VND2 billion ($100.000).

A watermelon shop on Hoang Minh Giam Road, Go Vap District, HCM City hires 5-6 artisans to carve watermelons.

Carved watermelons sell very well nguyên đán, những lễ hộ truyền thống và vào những ngày mồng 1 vào

Những trái dưa hấu được khắc với những kiểu dáng độc đáo như con rồng, chim phượng hoàng, chữ, v.v.

Một trái dưa hấu khắc với giá

10kg) Giá dành cho khắc là từ

100.000-200.000/ trái, phụ thuộc vào kiểu dáng Những người khắc dưa hấu có thể kiếm 10 USD một ngày.

Nhiều hộ gia đình ở Quận Mỹ Đức,

Hà nội và đường Doãn Hùng ở tỉnh

Phú Thọ có thể kiếm hàng chục ngàn

Chị Đặng Thị Triệu, một người phụ nữ ở Huyện An Phú, Quận Mỹ Đức,

Hà Nội đã kiếm vài tỷ VNĐ (hàng trăm USD) hàng năm từ việc bán lá tre.

Chị Triệu chia sẻ chị bán là tre khô với giá 30.000/1kg và 70.000/ 1kg festivals and the 1st and 15th day of lunar months.

Watermelons are carved with unique patterns such as dragons, phoenixes, scripts, etc.

A carved watermelon is priced VND450.000-VND550.000 (less than 10kg) The pay for carving is from VND100.000-VND200.000/melon, depending on the patterns. Watermelon carvers can earn tens of USD a day.

Many households in My Duc district, Hanoi and Doan Hung district in Phu Tho province can earn thousands to tens of thousands of USD each year. Dang Thi Trieu, a woman in An Phu Commune, My Duc District, Hanoi earned several billion VND (tens of thousands of USD) annually from selling bamboo leaves.

Trieu said she sold dried leaves forVND30.000 per kilo andVND7.000/kg of fresh leaves Each cho lá tre tươi Mỗi năm cho đã xuất khẩu 100-200 tấn lá tre sang Đài

Năm 2006, Nguyễn Duy Thắng quận

Hoài Đức, Hà nội đã đậu vào trường Đại Học mở Hà Nội để học thiết kế đồ họa.

Với một thành tích xuất sắc, anh ấy được giữ lại giảng dạy môn thiết kế đồ họa tại trường, nhưng anh đã từ chối.

Thắng đã trở về nhà để thành lập một cửa hàng nhỏ làm những cây bút tre

Hiện nay anh đã thuê hơn 20 nhân công và hơn 200 cửa hàng bán bút tre của anh.

Với giá chỉ từ 3.000-5.000 cho vật liệu thô, anh ấy đã bán bút tre với giá từ 20.000-50.000/bút/ Công ty của

Thắng thu nhập doanh thu hàng năm gần đến 1 tỷ VNĐ (40.000 USD).

Dịch vụ làm đẹp cho thú cưng year she exported 100-200 tons of bamboo leaves to Taiwan and Japan.

In 2006, Nguyen Duy Thang from Hoai Duc district, Hanoi entered Hanoi Open University to study graphic design.

With an excellent degree, he was invited to teach graphic design at the university, but he refused.

Thang returned to his hometown to establish a small workshop producing bamboo pens.

He currently employs over 20 workers and over 200 stores selling his bamboo pens.

With only VND3.000-VND5.000 for raw materials, he sells bamboo pens for VND20.000 - VND50.000/pen. Thang’s company earns annual turnover of nearly VND1 billion ($40.000).

More beauty spas for pets have

Những spa làm đẹp cho thú cưng đã xuất hiện nhiều ở Hà Nội và Sài Gòn. Ở đây những dịch vụ cho chó và mèo giá đắt hơn dành cho người.

Tại một spa thú cưng ở HCM, chủ nhân phải trả từ 90.000-200.000/ ngày (4-1 USD) cho dịch vụ trông giữ, với giá 100.000 VNĐ (4.5 USD) dành cho cắt tóc tai và đuôi,200.000

VNĐ (9USD) dành cho nail,

400.000-500.000 (18 USD -23 USD) cho sấy tóc, và350.000 VNĐ

Kiếm 2.500 USD từ việc nuôi mèo Đang tiếp nhận một sự nhập khẩu mèo giống như một món quà dành cho nghiên cứu tuyệt vời của anh ấy được ghi nhận từ người mẹ khi anh ấy học lớp 9, Thành Trung 23 tuổi, ở quận Hà Đông, Hà nội bắt đầu có một niềm đam mê nuôi những chú mèo.

Sau khi đăng những bức hình của bốn chó mèo con trên FB, nhiều người đã hỏi để mua chúng Trung đã appeared in Hanoi and Saigon, where services for dogs and cats are more expensive than for humans.

At a spa for pets in HCM City, pet owners have to pay VND90.000- VND200.000/day ($4-10) for pet- sitting service, VND100.000 ($4.5) for ear and tail hair cut, VND200.000 ($9) for nail services, VND400.000- 500.000 ($18-$23) for hair dying, and VND350.000 ($16) for eyelid lifting.

Receiving an imported cat as a gift for his excellent study record from his mother when he was a 9th grader, Thanh Trung, 23, in Ha Dong District, Hanoi began having a passion to raise cats.

After showing pictures of his four kittens on Facebook, many people asked to buy the kittens Trung had the idea of raising imported cats for sale. có một ý tưởng nuôi mèo nhập khẩu để bán.

Anh ấy đã mua hai con mèo giống

Pesian và 2 chú mèo giống Exotic từ

USD/con) Sau một năm, Trung đã có hơn 15 chú mèo.

Chàng trai có 40 con mèo giống và

10 chú mèo con trị giá gần 30.000

USD một tháng cho việc bán mèo.

He bought two Persian cats and two Exotic cats from Russia for VND40 million ($2.000)/cat After about 1 year, Trung had over 15 cats.

The boy has 40 breeding cats and tens of kittens worth nearly $30.000. Trung earns about $2,500 a month from selling cats. b Analysis

In this article, there are some main languages phenomena such as references and reiteration use as cohesive devices in the text Besides, there are simile and personification as figurative languages The below analysis can show it clearly.

COMMENT ON TRANSLATION

Genre of text

In four articles the authors use descriptive writing style, focus on describing an event, a character or a place in detail

In article 1, the author focuses on “Women’s housework should be part of GDP: researchers”

In article 2, is focused is “Seasonal workers flock to cities as Tet approaches”

In article 3, it is “Odd jobs in Vietnam”

In addition, in article 4, is about “Students think vocational schools offer more job opportunities”

It canbe seen that all articles are about employment and introduce various employments in Vietnam Therefore, the tone is quite formal and reverent besides has more figure and datas, which helps readers to understand clearly about the topic.

The difficulties and convinience met during the translation

Throughout the translation process from English to Vietnamese and vice versa which still has a number of difficulties These difficulties include the differences in culture, traditions and ways of thinking and writting of each person.

In contrast, these translations are still very convenient for the translator All the translations are all about employment therefore it expresses in writing style and has some numbers and data related to employment help translators translate easily.

Knowledge about translated field (Employment)

There is no acquiescence in the definition of employment There are differences in the definitions of employment By the definition of Oxford learner dictionary employment is work, especially when it is done to earn money; the state of being employed In addition, another meaning of employment is the fact of someone being paid to work for a company or organization.

By law, a person might in principle be employed from the age of 15, eg For professional training, of for an apprenticeship during school holidays After completion of compulsory education at school, there is an obligation to continue educational measures until the age of 18 Any form of employment can therefore only accompany educational measures Part-time working is widespread in trade Seasonal work is common in tourism and the hotel and catering trade in cities and tourist areas as well as agriculture and forestry In the building trade, fixed-term employment contracts are also possible. Freelance service and work contracts are replacing conventional employment contracts in all fields of employment.

The type of employment stipulated in the employment contract does not necessarily correspond to the real-life situation: e.g a contract may state a freelance services contract, althogh the occupation is carried-out in personal dependence, meaning the employed person is bound by instruction, directions regarding working hours, place of work, etc In this case, the contract is in fact a regular employment contract and the respective rules apply

In full and part time work, the conventional contract of employment in a permanent employment relationship with all its rights (leave entitlement, protection against dismissal, social insurance, etc.) and obligations continues to be the most common form Part-time employees are subject to the same labour legislation rules as full-time employees and have (except cases of marginal employment) the same insurance protection (sickness, accident,unemployment and pension insurance) The same applies to fixed-term employment contracts, although there are no periods of notice since the employment relationship ceases at the end of the contract.

In addition, seasonal workers in the hotel and catering trade are subject to special collective treaty provisions regarding their working time; there is full social insurance protection.

For volunteer employment, voluntary workers have trainee status They are under no obligation to perform work and have no claim to remuneration.Moreover, new self-employed workers comprises all commercial activities for which a trade licence is not required (e.g writers, consultants, translators,lecturers, psychotherapists) The new self-employed have to report their activity to the Social Insurance Institution for Trade and Industry They are covered by sickness, pension and accident insurance

Through the process of translating from English to Vietnamese and vice versa, there are many difficulties related to differences in culture, traditions,writing style and way of thinking of both writers and translators Because of these differences, translators find it difficult to translate and transmit the correct content and meaning of the writer to the reader Therefore, translators need to have their own skills related to the subject and the field they are translating (in this article is the translation of employment) Moreover,translators need to use and analyze different translation methods such as reference, reiteration and substitution as cohesion to express the meaning of the source text in the clever way for readers to understand clearly.

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