đại học huế trung tâm đào tạo từ xa ThS Trần thị gia quý GIáO TRìNH HUế - 2007 SPEAKING III: STUDY GUIDE GENERAL INTRODUCTION The course Speaking III aims at training students the skills of presenting personal ideas about a problem, discussing, arguing, approving or disapproving a debating point of view Discussion from A-Z Intermediate by Wallwork, Adrian (1997) is the course book with 26 topic-related units - one for each letter of the alphabet With an emphasis on speaking skill, Discussion from A-Z Intermediate also provides students with reading texts and some listening exercises in order to supply information and provoke discussion The study guide is designed to assist students when they study the course book on their own The guide focuses on helping students improve their speaking skill through the following stages: A pre-discussion activity where students write down related questions (e.g warm-ups, pre-listening, ) A discussion initiated by answering such questions, and if possible drawing students’ own personal experiences The logical or illogical extension of ideas brought up by the discussion A round-up of conclusions A written summary for consolidation This study guide has two parts: A guide to help learners learn the course book by themselves 20 assignments for learners to practise and test their speaking progress after learning the course book UNIT 1: APPEARANCES I Warm-ups: * When you meet a stranger and you feel curious about him/her, what you want to find out about him/her? How old is he/she? Is he/she a teacher, a tourist, a researcher? Is he/she married, single, divorced, separated? What does he/she like doing in his/her free time? What kind of music/films/books does he/she like? Is he/she an introvert or an extrovert? Is he/she rich or poor? What religion is he/she? Vocabulary: - introvert (n): person who is more interested in his/her own thoughts and feelings than in things outside himself/himself - extrovert (n): person more interested in what goes on around him/her than in his own thoughts and feelings * Can you answer these questions just basing on his/her appearance? * Look at a photo of a person on a magazine or newspaper, try to answer the questions about him/her II FIRST IMPRESSIONS Pre-listening: Discuss: - How you make your initial judgements of people, i.e before they speak? - What things you then look or listen to? - Do you agree that people form 90% of their opinion of someone in the first 90 seconds? Read the ten situations from a to j in the student’s book Listening: You will hear five people talking about the people mentioned in the situations - Play the tape once Match the situation with the person the speakers are talking about Answer: d 2e 3b 4i 5c - Play the tape again and take note of some expressions which you can use in your discussion Some useful words and phrases: + immoral (a): contrary to morality; wicked and evil + put sb off (sth): make excuses and try to avoid + Muslim ladies + to find out the story behind each tattoo Discussion: What conclusions can you draw from these situations? Writing: Choose one of the following titles: a You can’t judge someone by their clothes Discuss b Write a story which begins: “ I couldn’t have been more wrong about Jo The first time I met her she seemed so ” c What would tell you more about a stranger’s character: their bathroom cabinet, bookshelves, record collection or wardrobe? III BEAUTY AND THE BEAST Pre-discussion: - Do you think that beauty is subjective? - Look at pictures of some famous actresses, actors, fashion models, or singers Define what being attractive and beautiful is - Are you still sure that beauty is purely subjective? Discussion: Discuss the questions - , and then 7-12 IV MAKE-UP: -Answer the questions and then decide whether make-up actually improves the way we look - Listening: You will hear some facts about the history of make-up Vocabulary: + ravage (n) destruction ravages of: destructive effects of Nh÷ng thiệt hại, tàn phá + smallpox (n) serious contagious disease which leaves permanent scar on the skin BÖnh ®Ëu mïa + rouge (n): fine red powder or other cosmetic substance for colouring the cheeks Phấn hồng, sáp môi + unprecedented (adj): never done or known before Kh«ng hỊ cã; ch−a hÒ cã, ch−a hÒ nghe thÊy + cosmetic (a, n): preparation, substance, esp one that adds colour) designed to make the skin or hair beautiful + surgery (n) the science and practice of treating injuries and disease by manual and instrumental operations + remove (v) (from): take off or away from the place occupied; get rid of + blemish (n): mark, etc that spoils the beauty or perfection of sb or sth; moral defect Tật, nhợc điểm, thiếu sãt + scar (n) : mark remaining on the surface (of skin, furniture, etc) as a result of injury or damage + primitive (a): the earliest times; of an early stage of social development + tribe (n): racial group, esp one united by language and customs, living as a community under one or more chiefs + grotesque (a) absurd; fantastic; laughable because and incongruous Lè bÞch, kú cơc + disguise (n): dress, action, manner, etc, used for disguising + incredible (a) that cannot be believed; difficult to believe; surprising + mummify (v): preserve (a corpse) by embalming Ướp xác; làm héo, làm khô * Your task is to put the pieces of history in chronological order, matching them to the illustrations Some helpful phrases in the listening text + to hide the ravages caused by smallpox + covering their faces with rouge and their heads with masses of false hair + the French Revolution + under Queen Victoria + seen an unprecedented rise in all forms of cosmetics + surgery to remove various blemishes and scars, or purely for vanity + the use of make-up has turned full circle + magical effects, tattoos + in the Middle Ages, women tried to makes their skin look even whiter + originally in the very primitive tribes only men painted themselves + painted grotesque designs on their faces as a disguise + Cleopatra - painted her brows and lashes black, top lids deep blue and lower lids bright green Answer: 4a 5b 3c 1d 2e V KEEPING UP APEARANCES Read the sentences 1-10 in student’s book Think if you can these things or more of these things in a street? In cinemas? In parks? In beaches? Listening: Hear someone saying which of the things she would and wouldn’t and write yes or no against the appropriate item, and if possible, her reasons Answer: no no no sometimes yes no Vocabulary: + spit (v): send liquid from the mouth + an awful voice + give a quick glance + affectionate (a): loving, fond; showing love (to sb) * To get more ideas for the discussion, read unit 28: Untidy people are not nice to know on page 72 in the book For and Against by Alexander, L G (1992) UNIT 2: BELIEFS I WARM-UPS: - Write down three or four ideas that you associate with the word “belief”, and then a few things that you believe in - Do you write things like God, ghosts, etc., or ideas like democracy, peace? What exactly does believing in something mean? What things did you believe in when you were a child that you don’t know, and vice versa? How much have your fundamental beliefs changed in the last 5/10/15 years? * Follow-up: Invent a strange set of beliefs and rules for a new cult (gi¸o ph¸i) that you have supposedly founded Try to get together with a friend and try to convince him/her of your beliefs Example: children should not be educated,; belief in a sun go and human sacrifice; women should be able to have several husbands; men cannot wear trousers; no laughing; no talking to people older than you unless they speak to you first; men can only walk north-south-north, and women east-west-east * Writing: Think of ideas to prove : “We all need something to believe in.” II ISMS Vocabulary: Altruism (n): principle of considering the well-being and happiness of others first; unselfishness; instance of this Chủ nghĩa vị tha; Lòng vị tha, hành động vị tha Atheism (n): belief that there is no God Thuyết vô thần Cannibalism (n): practice of eating the flesh of ones own kind Tục ăn thÞt ng−êi Capitalism (n): economic system in which a country’s trade and industry are organized and controlled by the owners of capital, the chief elements being competition, profit, supply and demand Communism (n) ideology that proclaims the abolition of class oppression and exploitation, and the foundation of a society based on the common possession of the means of production and the equal distribution of goods Exorcism (n): Lêi phï phÐp, câu thần (để đuổi tà ma) Fanaticism (n): violent, unreasoning enthusiasm Sù cuång tÝn Fascism (n):philosophy, principles and organization of the aggressive nationalist and anti-communist dictatorship Fatalism (n): beliefs that events are decided by fate Feminism (n): movement for recognition of the claims of women for rights equal to those possessed by men Hedonism (n): belief that pleasure is the chief good Hypnotism (n): artificial production of hypnosis ThuËt miên Imperialism (n): belief in the value of colonies Materialism (n): theory, belief, that only material things exist Nationalism (n): strong devotion to one’s own nation; patriotic feelings, efforts, principles Optimism (n): belief that in the end good will triumph over evil Pacifism (n): principle that war should and could be abolished Racism (n): belief that human abilities are determined by race Sexism (n): unfair or unreasonable discrimination between the sexes Snobbism (n): TÝnh chÊt tr−ëng gi¶ häc lµm sang Terrorism (n): use of violence and intimidation, esp for political purposes Tourism (n) organized touring Vandalism (n): behaviour characteristic of a person who willfully destroys works of art or public and provate property, spoils the beauty of nature Say which of the isms express some kind of belief Brainstorm words that end in -ist Say whether you yourself are capitalist, sexist, etc III SUPERSTITIONS - Invent a “How superstitious are you?” quiz of around 5-6 questions - Try to answer questions 1-5 - Match the questions with the answers Answer: 1d 2a 3b 4e 5c IV FOLKLORE Pre-discussion: think of folklore from your own country Discussion: Read the passage Imagine how the article might have continued Vocabulary: - Alligator (n): reptile (like a crocodile but with a shorter snout) living in the lakes and rivers of southeastern US C¸ sÊu Mü - Miraculous (a): like a miracle; suprising - Cola (n): African tree - Cây côla Listening: Hear about some of the powers associated with cola Tick any of the illustrations with are mentioned in the dialogue Some suggested phrases: - you’re gonna burn your stomach, it’ll give you spots too - it made her throat transparent and split her tongue in two - the coin look like new - to remove your nail varnish - clean your jewellery Answer: All of the illustrations are mentioned, in this order: e, c ,d, a f, b V TALK TO THE ANIMALS Read the text and then discuss the consequences of the assumptions not being true E.g if animals could talk what would happen? UNIT 3: COLOUR I WARM-UPS - Brainstorm on the problems of being colour blind What subject at school require being able to distinguish colours? What jobs? - Imagine how life would be if everything were in black and white - What are the advantages of black and white TV and photos over colour? - What you feel about the colour and layout of your textbooks? II WHAT IS YOUR FAVOURITE COLOUR? Vocabulary: - Dignified (a): having or showing dignity/ the quality that earns or deserves respect - Deliberation (n): careful consideration and discussion; debate - Introspection (n): examining one’s own thoughts and feelings - Conservatism (n): tendency to maintain a state of affairs (esp in politics) without great or sudden change - Impulsive (a): (of persons, their conduct) acting on impulse, without reflection - Self-effacing (a): keeping oneself in the background; not trying to get attention - Composure (n): calmness - Flamboyant (a): brightly coloured and decorated; (of a person) florid, showy - Vigorous (a): strong, energetic - Opinionated (a): obstinate in one’s opinion Read the text Follow the instruction Answer: black blue 3brown green grey orange pink red white 10 yellow - Discuss if there is any truth in the personality descriptions III COLOUR CHART Fill in the chart and if possible compare your ideas with your friend’s Discuss colour and fashion, why men and women wear different colours, which colours seem more expensive than others, how the colour of packaging influences our choice of products Suggested ideas: The colours we wear have a great influence on our psychophysical state A colour is something that can influence our mood, or well-being, and the way we are This is because colours are partly responsible for the amount of light which gets to our skin and the stimulation our skin derives from it Food dyes are artificial colours used by food manufacturers to help increase sales of their products Consumers tend to associate a bight colour with freshness, wholesomeness and tastiness Laboratory experiments have shown that if a range of drinks s presented with identical flavours, most consumers will report that the more darkly coloured the drinks are, the stronger they appear to taste Moreover, banana-flavoured drinks dyed red will be reported as having a strawberry flavour The colour of packaging has significant effects on sales In 1996 Pepsi began a multi-million dollar campaign and changed its brand colour to blue One mobile phone group renamed itself Orange Listening: Listen to a phone-in programme about colour in various aspects of our lives Questions: What effect blue clothes have on the wearer? What colour clothes is caller one wearing? What is caller two worried about? What is the expert’s advice for caller two? Why should yellow be avoided in shops? Where might yellow be a good colour and why? How does pink make people feel? Why is red not a good colour for car rear light? What would be the best colour for fire engines? 10 ... black, top lids deep blue and lower lids bright green Answer: 4a 5b 3c 1d 2e V KEEPING UP APEARANCES Read the sentences 1- 10 in student’s book Think if you can these things or more of these things... superstitious are you?” quiz of around 5-6 questions - Try to answer questions 1- 5 - Match the questions with the answers Answer: 1d 2a 3b 4e 5c IV FOLKLORE Pre-discussion: think of folklore from your own... by themselves 20 assignments for learners to practise and test their speaking progress after learning the course book UNIT 1: APPEARANCES I Warm-ups: * When you meet a stranger and you feel curious