THE PINNACLE LITERATURE OF THE ELIZABETH I

3393 THE PINNACLE LITERATURE OF THE ELIZABETH I Bùi Thị Thủy Tiên, Nguyễn Khắc Vương, và Nguyễn Thị Kim Vui Khoa Tiếng Anh, Trường Đại học Công nghệ TP Hồ Chí Minh GVHD ThS Nguyễn Phương Thảo ABSTR. THE PINNACLE LITERATURE OF THE ELIZABETH I

THE PINNACLE LITERATURE OF THE "ELIZABETH I" Bùi Thị Thủy Tiên, Nguyễn Khắc Vương, Nguyễn Thị Kim Vui* Khoa Tiếng Anh, Trường Đại học Cơng nghệ TP Hồ Chí Minh GVHD: ThS Nguyễn Phương Thảo ABSTRACT Literature is the most obvious reflection of culture It is also a living witness that thoroughly understands human civilization through each period of time A literary period that is perhaps called the most wonderful from each nation is different In Vietnam, the peak literary period started from the 1930s to the 1945s This era was called "The New Poetry Movement" As for the English literature, the era began when Queen Elizabeth The First acceded to the throne and during her reigning time in the Renaissance period This paper aims to provide a discussion on how the literature blossomed during this time Keywords: Elizabeth I, Renaissance, literature INTRODUCTION English literature was once, still is, and will be the "intellectual nourishment" that has a wide influence across England in general and the world in specific With the variety of ten different literary development ages, a mighty and great English literature culture was created It was the reign of a fulfilled country that created conditions for talented people to develop their full potential Tidal waves of literature were continuously born to bring this period to the top Despite the fact that English literature is still on the verge of development later on, the Renaissance age of literature achieved the greatest success ever and it still affirms its position DEFINITION OF LITERATURE Literature is a term used to describe written and sometimes spoken material Derived from the Latin word literature meaning "writing formed with letters," literature most commonly refers to works of the creative imagination, including poetry, drama, fiction, nonfiction, and in some instances, journalism, and song (Lombardi, 2021) LITERATURE IN THE ELIZABETH I ERA 3.1 Factors contributing to the golden age of literature Throughout the process of formation and development of the history of the United Kingdom, not only was it the golden age of a dynasty headed by Queen Elizabeth I economically, politically, and socially, but also through that prominence, the remarkable growth in the country's literature and art appeared (World Encyclopedia, n.d.) During the years of her reign, from 1558 to 1603, Queen Elizabeth I has always 3393 supported and encouraged creativity, seeking new things, breaking barriers of prejudices and limitations of literature of previous times The “Lady” presided over a powerful culture that witnessed remarkable achievements in the arts, traveling and discoveries, “The Settlement of Elizabeth I”, which created the Church of England and defeated the Spaniards to eliminate the unwarranted threat Therefore, the materials and colors of English literature in that period were more diverse and abundant The writer Andersen once said: "There is no more beautiful fairy tale than the one written by life itself" During the reign of the Queen, poets and writers set a London-centered culture, both in terms of kingdom and ordinary life This has created beautiful, expensive poetry and dramas The literature of that time was characterized by a new, original, and confident energy based on Renaissance humanism (Collison, 2004) Many factors influenced the literary formation during this period, the most typical of which is the Renaissance (Shahini, 2014) The Renaissance coincided with the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, during which there was an astonishing development in English literature It was an age of restoration with peace and prosperity that allowed people to look further their usual works and start exploring and experimenting with new ideas The literature of this era is characterized by the rebirth of English classical literature and the rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman authors The Elizabethan era is likened to the Golden Age, the most glorious development in British history Therefore, it can also be considered the period of "valuable treasures" when literature developed powerfully under the rule of Queen Elizabeth I Different from her father and brothers and sisters, it is this quality that has repeatedly saved the Queen from being tied to wrong alliances in politics and marriage She was similar to her father Henry VIII, which is very fond of writing and poetry In her father's reign, although literature was quite popular with him, it was quite limited As for during the reign of the Queen, she allowed her servants, writers, and poets to write freely This period was a period of transition from a medieval feudal system to a centralized modern government system, and the courts were becoming the center of culture along with power On the other hand, the rise of the city bourgeoisie due to the rise of capitalism made the citizen lives’ vibrant The relationship between the court and the citizenry, which had been relatively intimate during the Queen's reign, gradually increased in severity due to religious and domestic reasons in the 17th century, and eventually the violent armed conflict between the royal family and the parliamentarians Then there was the subsequent execution of Charles I (1649) What brought about the flourishing of literary art in this era was the combined energy of the court and the civilians 3.2 Poetry Many different features have built a unique and distinctive character in development of literature in this "precious" era (Eisendrath, 2018) Entering the first phase, the Renaissance changed the perspective of 3394 peoples on literature and art, and influenced their invention of new techniques for literature: Like the Sonnets were born and grew rapidly, they were like "Spiritual Child" nurture literary will and maturity after each work Literary materials in this period were numerous, but all were carefully selected In terms of content creation, the rules in literary - art were expanded, as mentioned above, during this period, sonnets were born, associated with the great era, sonnets were not only about politics, daily life, love, but also about their virgin queen with respect, admiration and wholehearted trust of the people The Elizabethan era had an outstanding literary development because Queen Elizabeth supported and encouraged arts more than any other monarch in English history Poetry then developed more and more, capturing the peak and happiest moments of a person's soul Before that, armed struggles occurred violently between the royal family and parliamentarians At the same time, it cannot be ignored that modern English is flexible, and flexibility is an excellent means of expressing a strong vitality and a poetic imagination From a tidal perspective, although the Christian humanitarian tradition remains dominant, the skepticism that began to emerge at the turn of the century also cast its shadow over literature, and eventually, the entire era was sin deepens the color How wonderful life is in reality and on the book pages But life is also tragic Beauty is mixed with sadness The poetry still sparkles with drops of water in life 3.3 Drama The writer had to have certain purposes from the life experiences of individuals and the surrounding world to create "Golden Works" (Gilbert & Gubar, 2007) With a subtle observation and an open, understanding loving heart, building a character to convey the meaning of thoughts, feelings, views, and lifestyles into it in a creative and skillful way For example, the tragedy "Romeo and Juliet" by the English writer William Shakespeare is the most famous play and still has a great influence on literature - art today Why does this play have such an impressive influence? That is because the new creativity comes from the way of leading, in the plot, the unique way of building the character's psychology and actively rotating the story situation to the climax The background is taken from the years of the sixteenth century based on an existed plot about an unjust love affair which originally is a true story, and it happened in medieval Italy The story began in Verona, two families of Montague and Capulet had a long-standing feud Because of the unequaled contradictions in previous lives, they were still subjected to strict rules in future lives, so Romeo and Juliet's love was just budding but extremely intense, yet in the end, they still have to suffer the old prejudices of both families So their love was killed, the youth years were buried in the most beautiful age to love The fact is, to find a true lover at first sight was very difficult in that stage Perhaps the psychology of these two characters had to struggle a lot between the heart and the mind In addition, the play also criticizes the way of life of a narrow era, though the characters tried to escape the siege of harsh reality, the whole sky was still like a prison without exit In previous periods, works about love were limited, but by the reign of 3395 Elizabeth I, literature was more true to itself No longer being constrained and limited, literature as a real life reflected true life at that time Literature reflects reality but is not a photographic reproduction of reality in a superficial way Writers not entirely bring events, people to the book passively and simply A work of art is the result of a nurturing process of inspiration, conception, and creation of an attractive, vivid world, expressing deeply meaningful issues, the nature of human social life Characters in the work of a true genius are often more real than people in reality, because of their lasting vitality and its typical meaning Through the characters we see a whole class, an era, even some characters transcend the era, have human meaning, eternal with time By putting on the scale with earlier periods, we see that William Shakespeare's issues of time have turned into concerns with more humanism, such as rhetorical logic Therefore, he has had a significant influence in expanding English vocabulary When life in the renaissance is mentioned or reinterpreted, one can say that the Renaissance became synonymous with the idea of “rebirth”, and it reflected major political, social, and artistic aspects of life The material to create literature is the life, the person, the reality, the greatness of that queen who forever later still living in the minds of later generations about a "virgin queen", a bright and devoted person who wholeheartedly ruled the country Situation is a slice of life, an event that happens somewhat unexpectedly, but the important thing is that it will dominate many things in human life In theatres, the first permanent theater opened in London in 1576 Next, drama theaters had buildings one after another Eventually, many theater companies of royalty and nobility had built University intellectual playwrights were at the vanguard of the 1980s and Renaissance, making full use of the rhythms and images of powerful dramatic poetry The founder of the noble comedy of great importance was Christopher Marlowe - who wrote a tragedy on the subject of intellectual ambition Shakespeare and his collaborators led the completed Elizabeth TV series It would not be an exaggeration to say that all the possibilities of theatre: language and performing arts flourished and developed spectacularly in those days The writer has vividly breathed life into his work, turning works from historical drama to later romantic drama The same or later playwrights as a: Ben Johnson - who entrenched a model of satirical comedy; Thomas Decker who created a lot of tunes based on the folklore of London The writer of the strong poetic phrase: Thomas Middleton - a cold observer of humanity and John Ford - an aesthetic pursuit of pure emotions Their work has been staged in 10 theaters, sometimes even engulfed by changing audience preferences and popularity However, the theaters in London were closed in 1642 after the Puritan Revolution broke out in such a fiery and violent manner that what seemed to be works of brilliant brilliance fell into oblivion Unfortunately, the popular TV series "Elizabeth" has closed its curtain The beautiful memories of a glorious drama had slain into the void world of hopeless oblivion In addition, the mask theatre was performed quite commonly in the court's aristocratic mansions had deeply embedded in the audience's mind during this period 3.4 Prose 3396 In prose works, religious works are more formed and stronger (Gilbert & Gubar, 2007) Historical documents are recorded and reproduce what happened The profile of the journey (also a premise for later discovery) - classic translations such as Homer and Plutarcos are made possible by positivity The pamphlets describe various aspects of society, nature, and philosophy inspired by the authors on these issues In addition, John Lily's love story had written in a splendid style; Eufuies and the idyllic romance of Philip Sydney; Arcadia - are the first British novels In particular, the King James Bible had published in 1611, which developed the climax of the literature at that time All works carry for themselves a special place in literary history In the field of poetry, Edmund Spencer's long allegorical poem - Queen of Spenco Shinsen Hoi is famous for its visual description and romantic musical beauty However, Sonnet and short romantic lyric poems of various poetic forms have touched the poetic hearts of readers It has captured all the love and emotions that surged step by step, covering the whole world of literary art The 17th century period known as "Metaphysical Poetry" became sought-after John Dunn's poetry represents this period which had an extraordinary influence on the modern poetry movement of the early 20th century Therefore, all theories are gray, emotional works forever green with the time of the author's nostalgia and youth CONCLUSION Art is the field of uniqueness, so it requires literature to always be in motion, to change itself to become new from one era to another "World" is the author's creations based on a real foundation and represents the writer's aesthetic thought as well as artistic style But from that reality, the writer creates in his work a private world that has both been imprinted with reality but has never existed In other words, a world recreated by the artist's view and feelings, like Nguyen Tuan: “Every true writer has their world of language That world is the images created by the writer's human life and cosmological outlook and reflects the reality of the times" A true writer without offering a different perspective? A true writer who only offers a general, extremely bland voice? That is not art The profession of literature is not easy It is a laborious and arduous process to create good work By experiencing life, we quiet our hearts and contemplate with the experiences of the four sides, we filter out the precious and beautiful things of life and people, that's also when we Create ourselves Through personal experience, the writer will gradually improve his or her personality, become more humane, better As an eternal law, literature reflects reality and once a law This life is an endless material, a blue sea for the artist to discover the “golden dust particles” that contribute to the page “life is the starting place and also the destination of literature” (To Hoai) Breaking away from reality, literature will always take root in life, absorb the abundant plastic source flowing in the heart of life and become a shaded green tree for life As a writer, he must let his pen be soaked with the saltiness of ink so that his writing can bring out the breath of reality and paint a picture of life truly and profoundly Life contains so many mysteries that we have not discovered, whispering voices that we cannot listen to, and angry cries for an unsympathetic fate 3397 The events that happened in the period of Queen Elizabeth I have been the material to form literary and artistic works It is not only a reflection of an era but also a living witness to this day It is not accidental that people say: "Literature in this period reached its peak" The events itself has had magical imprints that have a strong influence on life today REFERENCES Collinson, P (2004) Elizabeth I: Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Oxford University Press Eisendrath, R (2018) They see and keep silent: On interpreting a queen or a poem that looks back at you Spenser Review 48.2.2 (Spring-Summer 2018) Retrieved from https://www.english.cam.ac.uk/spenseronline/review/item/48.2.2/ Gilbert, S & Gubar, S (2007) Nữ hoàng Elizabeth I Tuyển tập văn học Norton phụ nữ: Truyền thống tiếng Anh (3rd edition) New York: W.W Norton Lombardi, E (2021, September 7) What literature can teach us Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-literature-740531 Shahini, O (2014) Break down of literature during the Elizabethan era Retrieved from https://www.123helpme.com/essay/Literature-During-The-Elizabethan-Era-Essay-397896 World Encyclopedia (n.d.) The Elizabeth era Retrieved from https://mimirbook.com/vi/aba0d203e09?fbclid=IwAR2WSkIqaNduhkSM7rPuACjyMkAuejsz7MR2Y VziTh7y5zU6avH8kKpnFy0 3398 ... Renaissance (Shahini, 2014) The Renaissance coincided with the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, during which there was an astonishing development in English literature It was an age of restoration with... flexibility is an excellent means of expressing a strong vitality and a poetic imagination From a tidal perspective, although the Christian humanitarian tradition remains dominant, the skepticism... political, social, and artistic aspects of life The material to create literature is the life, the person, the reality, the greatness of that queen who forever later still living in the minds of