Phân tích hiệu quả của thiết bị kháng chấn bằng chất lỏng đa tần dưới tác dụng của tải điều hòa và động đất bằng thực nghiệm

Phan tich hieu qua cua thiet bj khang chan bang chat long da tan dudi tac dung cua tai dieu hoa va dong dat bang thUc nghiem Analyze the effectiveness of multiple tuned liquid dampers under seismic and harmonic excitation Ngay nhan bai: 23/12/2016 Ngay sua bai: 18/01/2017 Ngay chap nhan d3ng: 4/02/2017 T6M TAT B&i bio phan tich khd ning khing chan cho cdng trinh ciia thiet bl gi&m chan chilt Idng da t^n so cong trinh chju tii trpng dilu hda v^ tii trpng d^ng dSt Kit qua chi ring thilt bi giiip chuyen vj dinh giim den 80% cong trinh chiu tai trpng dilu hda vi gidm din 40% cdng trinh chju tai dpng dSx Ngoii ra, thilt bj giam chan chat long da tan s6 tdt hOn so vdi thilt bj ddn tan k l cd hi|u qud gidm chSn Un mirc dp on djnh cong trinh chju tdi Tuy nhien den m^t sd litpng bechtHa hCu h^n nh^t djnh thi hi^u qua gidm chan khdng cdn dUpc I3ng thim dttpc nCa Tii khda: Tluit bi bim rung, thiet bj gidm chdn bdng chdt long, thiel bi till llin s6, dieu khien ddng hoc, tdi Irong diiu hda vd tdi trgng di^ng dill ABSTRACT This paper focuses on the use of multiple tuned liquid dampers (MTLDs) as passive control device to reduce the peak displacement under seismic and harmonic excitation A model of a building with one to five TLDs was installed on a shaking table The system were subjected to Elcenlro earthquake and harmonic loading to make resonance then the result shows that top displacement decreasied 80% under harmonic loading and 40% under seismic loading The more quantity of tanks the more effective in reduce top displacenienl However, to a limited water tanks the effective of MTLD could not be increased Keywords: shaking table, tuned liquid clamper, multi tuned liquid dampers, dynamic control, harmonic loading, seismic loading ThS Bui Pham DiJfc Tydng Giang vien, Khoa Xay dtfng • Dai Hpc SU Pham Ky Thuat Tp.HCM Bui Pham Du'c TiTdng GK^THlGU T h i l t bj k h i n g c h i n b i n g c h i t Idng - TLD fTuned Liquid Damper] duoc sd d u n g rdng rai n h i l u linh vuc dac b i | t l i n h i cao t i n g vi dang t h i l t bi n i y cd n h i l u Uu d i l m nhU cd k h i nang dng dung dui?c cho moi dang cdng trinh vdi quy md k h i c nhau, d l l i p d i t b i o tri, tfin It khdng gian sd dung T h i l t bj hoat d d n g dua t r i n n g u y i n t i c li?i dgng sdng c h i t Idng cifc dai h i | n tuong cpng h u d n g x i y gliip dUa cdng trinh v l vi tri ban d i u Cic n g h i i n edu trUdc dSy v l dang t h i l t bl niy thudng diing khang c h i n cho mode dao d d n g d&u t i l n v i chl sijr dgng mdt b l chda cd t i n sd b i n g t i n s l eo b i n cua cdng trinh Tuy n h i l n ddi vdi mot sd cdng trinh sU tham gia cua c i c mode , v i o dao ddng ldn n i n g i n day, c i c n g h i i n edu da xem x l t v i l e sCrdgng c i c b l chCra cd t i n sd k h i e d l g l i m c h i n , N g o i i cd m d t han c h l khdng nhd ciia he STLD (Single Tuned Liquid Damper) so vdi h i n h i l u b l chCfa MTLD (Multiple Tuned Liquid Damper) i i h i MTLD hoat d d n g t r i n mdt d i i t i n sd, cdn STLD thl ehi dya t r i n m d t t i n sd n h i t , d i l u n i y cd i n h hUdng r i t Idn d i n v i l e kich hoat sU l i m viec cua t h i l t bi d d n g dat x i y ra, Y tudmg v l h | t h i l t bi k h i n g c h i n b i n g c h i t Idng da t i n sd dupc hinh t h i n h v i p h i t t r i l n di^a t r i n n i n t i n g n g h i i n cdU cOa Igusa v i Xu (1990) v i l e g i i m c h i n b i n g h | n h l l u khdi luong MTMD (Multiple TuriM Mass Damper) (Hinh /) Igusa v i Xu d i d l x u i t h i g d m cd c i c g l i m chSn khdi lucjmg STMD (Single Tuned Mass Damper) vdi t i n sd t i / n h i l n p h i n bd theo mfit d i i n i o d d xung quanh t i n so t u n h i l n co sd cda k i t ciu H i l u q u i eua MTMD da dUOc m d phdng sd bdi Yamaguehi v i Harpomcha (1992), va edng thurc t h i l t k l cho MTMD da duoc d l x u i t b « Abe v i Fujino [11 C i c n g h i i n cdu n i y da k h i n g djnh h i MTMD cd h i | u q u i hon STMD thdng thudng d i l u k h i i n dao d ^ n g clio k i t c i u Kinh - Ket da duoc gSn he thift b| MTMD Cic n g h i i n cuu t r i n l i n i n t i n g cho h | g i i m c h i n c h i t Idng da t i n sd (MTLD) (Hinh 2] eda Fujino v i LM Sun [2] K i t q u i cua Fujino chi duoc hieu q u i cua MTLD so vdi he STLD IgJlwJhiTlbBi^d ft tfinh - M6 hinh MTLD lily tufing MTMD • &.= ^ v i n d l dat b i t bao n i y la n g h i i n edu giam dao d d n g cho k i t e l u b i n g thuc n g h i i m dUdc t i l n hanh t r i n n i n t i n g ty thuyet cua Fujino v i Sun [2] Md hinh khung t h i p tang duoc thiet l i p n h u hinh 3, k i l m chdng k h i n i n g k h i n g chan cua MTLD cho ca h$ chju n h l l u loai t i i t i c d u n g nhU t i i d i l u hda, t i i d d n g d^t t r i n b i n rung tU e h i tao (hinh 4) tai Khoa Xay [)ung, tru&ng Dai hpc Su Pham Ky Thuat Tp.HCM SBM J.lilH -o—o-o—o- -O -' ft fe ft fifj Hinh - Tan » phin bo trang he MTID T i n sd t u n h i l n cua m d i TLD dUoc tfnh bdl ly t h u y l t sdng t u y i n tinh theo Fujino [2] Wf] (1) Vdi f = f,,f.,fj,_,f„ tuong ling l i eie t i n sd r i l n g cda b l chda, k i t c i u chiu dao d p n g kich thich edng hUdng dai tSn so f, hi MTLD hoat dpng vdi s u d d n g gdp t i n sd thdng qua dao d d n g sdng b l m i t tren eie d o n vj b l t h i n h phan Theo Fujino [2], t i n sd p h i n b d cOa MTLD the h i | n bdi tia dai iupng l i : T i n sd trung t i m eua he f^ (phuong trinh 2), b l Kinh J - Mo hmh thi nghiem gtim chan C O S d l H l N G H l E M 2.1 T h i l t b j b ^ n r u n g shaking t a b l e B i n rung (Hinh 4) duoc t u c h l tao tai Trudng Dai Hoc Su Pham Ky T h u i t Tp.HCM ed t i c dgng m d phdng ehuyin vj n i n theo tdng cap dp dao ddng vdi v^n tdc va b i l n dp cd t h l thay ddi duoc Xis 0.5-5cm n h i m k h i o s i t dao d d n g d i l u hda hay ddng d i t l i n edng trinh B i l n dp kich thich dupc d i l u chinh b i n g c i c h t i n g g i i m k h o i n g l|eh t i m gida d i u t r u y i n vdi true khujiu B i n a m g cd k h i n i n g mang t i i d i n 200kg, g l i l i p dupe n h i l u dang dao ddng v i ^ gia tdc ci/c dai l i n d i n 12 mis' rdng dai tan sd he MTLD (3), va d d c h l n h t i n sd dao d d n g giijra c i c TLD don MTlXi (phuong trinh 4) f = 0.9 f„-f, R = f,.i-f,=(^-M/(N-l) = P (3) W) Trong trudng hpp t i n sd cda h | g l i m c h i n da t i n sd - tan sd t a i n g t i m cda h | dupc tao khdng n h u t h i l t k l ban d i u AY n h u d b i l u thdc ( ) t h l h i | n s g c h l n h l l e h g i d a t i n s d t r u n g t i m f„ v i t i n s d t u n h i l n c d a k i t cau f ay = f,-f„ (5) B d T R f T H f N G H l £ M Thf n g h i | m dupc t i l n hanh tai Phdng thi n g h i i m d ^ n g dat - Khoa X i y dung TrUdng Dai Hoe SU Pham Ky T h u i t Tp.HCM M d hinh dUpc lUa chon thi n g h i i m l i khung t h i p cd c h i l u cao, kfch thudc, khdi luong v i tan so rilng n h u b i n g sau: B i n g 1: Thdng sd m d hinh t h l n g h i | i STT Hinh - Chl t i ^ ciu Eao thilt bi bin rung J T h i l t bj g i i m c h i n bJIng ch J t l d n g da t i n sd MTLD H | t h i l t bi khang chan t i i n g chat Idng t i p hop nhieu be c h i ^ c h i t Idng dupc gpi l i MTLD, eie b l chdacd mUc nude khae ( t i n sdTLD khic fi tuong ung n h u hinh 5} eiing tham gia vbo q u i trinh S\iu k h i i n dao ddng k i t eau Tuy nhUn to hpp eie b l ehda n i y cd cic t i n sd r i l n g p h i n bd xoay quanh rr^dt t i n sd r i l n g trung t i m cua he Muc dfch cua vile tao nhieu TLD n h i m hai mgc dfch: (1) k h i n i n g kkih hoat sg l i m vile cua t h i l t bj mot d i l b i n g t i n r^ng (2) t i n g h i | u q u i eua ^ i l t bi Md hinh khung Cdt thip Tim sin HI b l chda Kfchthird'cKhtfl luwng Cao 1.10m 0.65mxO.65m 5blO.lxO.15m Tdng khdi luong h i qdm b l chda Tin sd rilng 24.35 kg (khung 19.75kq) 2,143 Hz TlnhchiCtGhl chu Thip CII, 010 Diy Smm Ning 4.5 kg (khdnq niidc) Bl khdng ehda nudc a-Cam bien to diuyfnv! b-Mtniy&itinhiSiiv*maytinh Kmh - Cam bien chuyen vj (a) vJ bo truy&i tin hihi vi may tinh (b) KfTQUATHfNGHieM 4.1 Phan tich tin sd dao tfdng biing SAP 0 cd k i l m diOng b ^ n g thi nghiem Thuc n g h i i m k i t hop so s i n h vdi SAP2000 b i n g c i c h k i o khung khdi VI tri c i n b i n g m m v i t h i dao d d n g t u d o K i t q u i t d SAP2000, cd chu ky T = 0.46963 (s), dng vcti t i n s6 f= 2.12932 (s) Hinh - loJn cAnh mdhlnh thi nghi< Khung th^p l i l n k i t vPi MTLD i.n dmh Dicing qua h i bulongdupc s i l t :h$t J o i n bd he khung - MTLD cliiu chuyen vi cuPng bUC Iheo phuong igang nhd b i n rung du n ket tai ch.in cpt, C h u y i n vi dinh cua s i n Jupc b i n g t h i l t h , i 'n cliuyen vi, ihdng qua t>d t r u y i n tin h i l u T u y l n v l m i y tfnh 'n L jyen ve se dUoc xU ly b i n g p h i n m i m p h i n :(ch dao d o n g d e x u h, knghiem Kflquj phin (idi tJn s6tilnhifin oia Iihung th^p bSng phjn nnfm SAP 2000 D l x i c djnh t i n sd r i l n g cCia khung b i n g thpc n g h i | m d i u t i l n c h u y i n vi dinh khung theo thdi gian, sau d d tinh d d g l i m loga t m n g binh, ty sd c i n v i sau d d l i ehu ky dao d p n g ed e i n b i n g c i c cdng thdC tir d i n V6i m la sd chu ky dao dpng m d t k h o i n g thdi gian t (6) Kmh - So sanh chuyfn VI dinh gifla SAP va Thuc nghiim Cd t h l t h i y duoc r i n g k i t q u i giCfa thuc n g h i | m v i SAP 2000 l i h o i i i ' toan tuong thfch d d t h i l t bj dupe t u c h l tao n i y cd t h l cho k A qui chap nhan dupc n g h i i n cdu Tuong t u nhdm n g h i i n cC(u d i A> c h u y i n vj dinh khung cdng trinh s d d g n g ITLD, 2TLD, 3TLD, 4TLD va STLD T i l n hdnh tinh t o i n c i e gia tri dng vdi tifng trudng hpp t r i n d l x i e djnh t i n sd rilng eua t i m g trudng hpp Xie dinh d p g i i m loga trung binh Sa, chu ky l i l n tuc cua dao ddng rir d d x i e dinh tan sd cd c i n v i t i n s d rilng tUong Ung 40 • -^^ ~ - - - TiimgranTs) Ifaih - Kei qua thi nghiem dao dong 3TLD •^^2 ThTri gianjs) Kmh 10 - Ket qui thinghiem daodong 4TLD T l i o ' i g i a n (s) Hinh - Kei qua Ihi nghiem dao dong 2TLD Hmh 11 -Ket quaihmghiem dao dong 5TL0 B i n q - C h i l u cao c h i t Idnq v i tan sd cua cac MTLD MTLD P filHz) h{Hz) f„{Hz) dR Ar Ghi chu 2.056 2,056 2.056 0.000 N/A 0.04 h l = l 9cm 2,030 2,056 2.043 0.013 0.026 0.05 h l = l 7cm,h2=1.9cm 2,030 2,085 2.058 0.027 0.027 0.04 hl=l,7cm,h2=1.9cm, h3=2cm 2,030 2.113 2.072 0.040 0.028 0.03 1,953 2.162 2.057 0.102 0.052 0.04 4.2 H l f u q u i g i i m chKn cua MTLD dao d ^ n g t U d o Trong phan n i y , eie thi n g h l | m duoc t i l n d l so sanh k h i n i n g k h i n g c h i n cd va ed sCf dgng MTLD trudng hpp cong trinh dupe t h i dao ddng t g C i c TLD l i n Iuot ehda c h i t Idng vdi c h i l u cao tutmg ung n h u b i n g n h i m tao duoc h i l u dng cho MTLD theo ly t h u y l t cua Fujino |2J T r i ( d n q h ^ O : T h l tich nudc cua h i STLD dupc quy ddi v l khdi lupng lUOng dng l i 1,5kg d l t i l n h i n h thi n g h i i m tan sd r i l n g cd va khdng cd h | TLD Mgc dich cua v i l e thay t h l chat idng t h i n h q u i n | n g i i n h i m xem x l t khdi lupng eua edng trinh t i n g l i n (do d i t t h i m TLD) thl t i n sd cua cdng trinh cd thay ddi d i n g k l khdng K i t q u i eho thay c h u y i n vi dinh cua k i t c i u g i n n h u khdng ddi trudng hop n i y Ndi hl=1,8cm,h2=1.9cm, h3=2cm,h4=2.1cm hl=1.7cm,h2=l&:m, h = l ,9cm, h4=2.0cm, h5=2.1cm each khic tan sd dao ddng rilng khung khdng ddi (Hinh 12) n i n khdi luong MTLD duoc k h i n g djnh l i khdng i n h hudng d i n t i n sd khung Tratfnq h o p 1: K h i o sat Crng x d cua m d hinh k i t c i u l i p d i t b d g i i m chan chat Idng don tan sd STLD, Cu t h l l i thl n g h i i m vdi b l chiia TLD vdi c h i l u cao muc nude b l l i 19(mm) De d i n g n h i n t h i y , dao ddng cd su tham gia eda ITLD t i t nhanh hon v i g l i m 65% dao d d n g so vdi k i t q u i khong co TLD (Hinh 13) Truima h o p 2: K h i o s i t dng x d cua m d hinh k i t cau l i p d i t b d g i i m chan chat Idng da tan so MTLD, Cu t h l l i thi n g h i i m v6i b l chda TLD vdi chieu cao mUc nudc be l i 18,6[mm) v i 19(mm) K i t q u i cho thay 2TLD tham gia l i m dao dpng t i t nhanh hon so vdi ITLD (Hinh 14) Trtfdnq h p p 3: K h i o sat dng x d eua mo hinh k i t c i u l i p d i t bp g i i m chan chat Idng da tan sd MTLD Cu t h l l i thi n g h i i m vert t i l chda TLD vdi chilu cao muc nudc b l la T8.6(mm),l 9(mm) va 20{mm), Kit qui eho thay, 3TLD tham gia lim dao ddng t i t nhanh hon (Hinh 15) Trubng hpp 4: Tuong tu, thi nghiim vdi b l ehu^ TLD vdi chieu cao mUe nudc b l l i 18.6(mm),l 9(mm), 20(mm) v i 20.7(mm) Ket q u i cho thiy, su dao ddng t i t din cang nhanh cd 4TLD tham gia vao dao ddng so vdi 3TLD hay 2TLD (Hinh 16) TrUdrnq hpfp 5: Tuong tu thi nghiem vdi b l chda TLD vdi chilu cao muc nude b l l i 16.7(mm), 18(mm),l 9(mm), 20.7(mm) v i 22(mm) Kit q u i cho thiy, sg dao dpng t i t dan eing nhanh cang nhilu TLD tham gia v i o dao ddng (Hinh 17) -OTLD -OTLD ITLD 2TLD 3TLD -•m=1.5kg -4U Thcri gian (s) Hmh 15-Chuye'nvi dinh thinghiem viii3TlD — -40, OTLD ITLD 3TLD TLD 2TLD T h d i gian (s) Hinh 12 - So sinh chuyjn vi dinh thi nghiem vot kh6i lu^m=1,Sla| vi m=(lkg OTLD TLD Thoi gian (s) Hinh 16 - Chuyen vj dinh thinghiSm vi)i4TlD OTLD ITLD 3TLD 4TLD - Thui gian (s) Hinh 11 - Chuyfti v[ dinh thl nghi*m vm ITLD OTLD ITLD 40 Thoi gian (b) !-" Hmh 17 - Chuydn vi dinh khI Ihl nghifm v* 5TID 1-20 -40 T h a i gian (s) Hmh H - Chuy#n VI dinh HB thi nghidm »0i ITIB Qua cic k i t qui trin, nit dupc k i t luin: • Trudng hpp cd n i m (5) q u i ning iJng vdi n i m (5) TLD thl tSn s6 rilng cua Wiung cung nhu dao d^ng eua khung l i khdng ddi t h i dao ddng tu TU diy cd t h l kit luin khung mang t i i trpng 1,2,3,4 qui ning tuong ung vdi khdi lupng 1,2,3,4 TLD thi dao ddng cung nhu tin sd khung ciing khdng dfii Nhung vdi h | khung sd dung MTLD thi vin di hoin toin khic - HI cin chit Idng MTLD lim ting hilu q u i khing chin cho cdng trinh Chuyin vj cCia kit ciu giim g i n 8S% h | dCing MTLD Khi cdng tnnh su dung cing nhilu TLD thl khung t i t din cing nhanh, nhUng giOa 4UD v i he STLD thi sp khic khdng ding k l Vi v$y h | STLD dUt/C xem nhu l i tdi uu v i khdng n i n ting t h i m sd lupng TLD Khung chiu t j i b'png tfilu h6a D l ehu!ng td h i l u q u i g i i m chan cua he, ban rung duoe sii d u n g d l tao dao d d n g d i l u hoa tai t i n sd rilng n h i m tao h i l n t u t m g cdng hudng vdi b i l n d d dao ddng d i l u hda n h u sau x = Asinojt = O.Ssin(i)t(mm) (10) C h u y i n vi dinh eua khung toi da l i n d i n 4cm Sau d d i i n Iuot s d d u n g be chda k h i n g chan vdfi 1,2,3,4 v i TLD cd tSn sd b i n g t i n sd khung va theo CO sd lap l u i n cua MTLDs -0.3kg -0,57 kg T h a i g i a n (s) Ketquj chuyin 1^ cua 2TLD KA qui chuyen vi cua ITLD 0.97 k g 3TLD I.!2kg 4TLi: i " ^ = C -20 -40 Thoi gian (s) T h o i g i a n (s) Kit qud diuyin vj ciia 3TLD 1.6 k- Ketqujcliuy$nvlcua4TlD 5TLD — TLD ^ ^ —4TLD 15 TLD 3TLD 5TLD j ^ "> \— £ -Uj "i ; o l != 10 ' h,^ " " •" ^ M ajmaiiiB^mnafciimti , ,, ThiTi gian (s) HlguadiuyftivitiiaSTlD ihi "** HT Ket qui thuyin vj tSng hgp Hinh IS - Ket qui dao dong cua nui TLD diiu tii d i ^ hoa Khi t h i n g h i i m vdi t i i trpng d i l u hPa cho trudng hpp khdng ed TLD v i cd TLD dat k i t q u i t r i n ta t h i y t h i l t bi g i i m chan c h i t Idng g i i m d i n g k l c h u y i n vi dinh cua cdng trinh, h | n h i l u TLD hoat d p n g thi ehuyen vi dinh cang g i i m B i n canh viec g l i m c h u y i n vi dinh n h i l u hon thl MTLD cdn giup l i m viic d n djnh hon so vdi STLD 4.4 Khung chiu t i i trpng d^ng dSt Tuong t u n h u thi nghiem vdt t i i diiu hda, d e k ) i i o sat I n h h u d n g cua TLD cdng trinh chiu ddng d a t tran ddng dat Elcentro (hinh 23) ducK g i i l i p d l m d p h d n g t r i n b i n rung Thi n g h i i m vol trUcmg h o p khdng cd TLD v i ed MTLD tham gia v i o q u i trinh dao ddng eho k i t q u i khang chan n h u hinh 24 TAI UEU THAM KHAO M Alie, and V ftiiitio I^mx dmoctenaitKn of MiAiple Tuned Mass Dcnpm fMJiWamf iBfteijumg'to/K/i«*ftJSC£J, Struct, EngJEarthquakeEng, 1993a M Abe, and V Fujino Efhdency and design lornukB ofUi^k (MTMDI JSCE J Stnitt EngTEarthquake Eng., 1993b Tuned Mass Dampe Y Fujino, LM Sun Vibration Control by Muhiple Toned liquid Dampen (MTW Joumal of Structural Engineering, pp 3432-3500,1993 KiiPhamBdcTvStnq.lOidnangkhdngdiSndiobidv3odKCdngtiinhcdxtttiiBngtic ^'iAicA^AMgrarMnfi ^ , Luin van thac sy, f)ai hoc Badi Khia TP HCM, 2010 Nguyen fide Thj Thu Djnh Nghien aiu dng dung hi ^dm chdn d)& ldng bin sodt dao dgng dto cdu ddy vdng tgi VIH Nam, Luan in Tien si, Elai hoc Giao thing Vin Tii Hi H 2014 Bill Pham McTilAng, PhanfideHuynh, Ufimg Van Hii Dilu khifn b\ O^ng Hi cfu chiu til di6uhAa bing cicbfchi)3ch3tIdnglimvikdSng thai TapChrXiy Dgng, SA10/2()1S BiliPhamfiii(Tifing,PhaneifcHiiynh,Lilim9VinHii.^05(Jf%fl)ri)