Nghiên cứu, thiết kế, chế tạo cánh động quạt tải than bột dạng cánh kép 2 tầng, làm việc trong điều kiện khắc nghiệt sử dụng cho các nhà máy nhiệt điện đốt than tại việt nam có công suất từ 300MV

NGHIEN C U T U - T R A O D O I /NGHIEN CLTU, THiiT K i , C H i TAO CANH DONG QUAT TAI THAN BOT- DANG CANH K i P TANG, L A M V I E C TRONG DliU KIEN KHAC NGHIET Sl> DUNG CHO CAC N H A M A Y N H I E T DIEN D T THAN TAI VIET NAM CO CONG S U A T T O 300MW RESEARCH, DESIGN, MANUFACTURE DYNAMIC BLADE OF FAN LOADING POWDER COAL, WITH FORMING OF 2-STAGE DOUBLE BLADE, WHICH WORK IN EXTREMLY SERIOUS CONDITIONS, WHICH IS USED FOR THE COAL-FIRED POWER PLANT WITH A CAPACITY OF 300MW IN VIETNAM TS v a Trung Tiiyen, PGS,TS Dao Duy Trung Vien Nghien ciiu Ca TOM TAT Thiet bi quat tdi than hot ddy truyen sdn xudt diin ndng thuang xuyen ldm viic t dieu Iden khdc nghiet: Van tdc lan nhiet do, dp sudt cao, chiu mdi mon rdt l&n tie cdc hgt th da cgnh, Vi vgy, sau mgt so chu ky ldm viec ngan hgn qugt bi mon rdt nhanh, cdc dgng hu chd yeu Id mdi mon cdc be mat ldm viec Viec hu hong nhanh ldm cho thiit bi ldm viic kem hi kinh ti (niu phdi dimg cd hi thong phdt dien co cong sudt 300MW de sua chira thi chi phi thiet la rdt l&n, vdi ty dong/ngdy), doi mdt an todn cho sdn xudt Nghien cuu, tim gidi phd mon, ndng cao tuoi tho thiit bi noi trin Id rdt cdn thiet, co tinh thuc tien cao ddp ung nhu cdu tru&ng- tinh xd hoi; Gidm rdt l&n chi phi ngogi te nhgp ngogi- tinh kinh te; Gop phdn khuyin cdc nghiin cuu linh vuc chong mon noi chung- y nghia khoa hoc Tu khda: Qugt tdi than, chu ky, mdi mon, chong mon ABSTRACT The fan loading powder in production lines often work in extreme conditions: high vel temperature, pressure, abrasion p-eatlyfrom sharp polygonal coal particles So, after some sh work cycles, the fan is worn very quickly, the damage form mainly is abrasive working surfac quickly damaged equipment will make it work in poor economic performance (if we have to all generating system with a capacity of 300 MW, the cost to repair the damage is enormous billions per day), sometimes unsafe for production Researching,findingout the solutions to pr corrosion, improve longlife of equipment is very necessary, It will bring us high practice: mee demand-social market; reducing greatly the cost of importedforeign currency, that is the eco contributing to promote ofresearch in thefieldofanticorrosive in general, that is the scientific s Keywords: Fan load coal; cycle; Abrasion; anticorrosive ISSN 0866 - 7056 TAP CHf CO KHf VIET NAM, Sd 1+2 nam 2016 www.cokhivietnam.vn NGHIEN CUfU - TRAO OOl l.DATVANDE Vat lieu dugc sir dung nghien ciiu la vat lieu hgp kim cd tinh chdng mai mdn eao, nd duge tao bdng phuang phap ban phu ldp hgp kim tren ndn thep cac bon thap Ddi tugng nghien ciiu chinh la cae tinh chat cua ldp vat lieu hgp kim nay: Td ehiic te vi, ciing, tinh chiu mai mdn cao Ddi tugng ap dung la eanh dgng quat tai than bdt Cac viing mai mdn rdt ldn ciia thidt bi ndi tren la tai vi tri cac eanh eong lam nhiem vu ddn ddng va ddy chdt luu Phuang an chdng mai mdn dugc dat la tac ddng trvre tiep vao ldp vat lieu be mat lam viee bdng each tim bien phap hda ben be mat vat lieu cac canh cong Cd nhieu cac bien phap hda ben vat heu: Bien dang deo; nhiet luyen tdi + ram; lam nhd hat, Phu thugc vao dieu ki§n lam viec cua thiSt bi, dieu kien ky thuat nude, so vdi eae phuang an da neu, phucmg an phu hgp nhat la hgp kim hda ldp vat lieu be mat lam viec tren nen thep cac bon thap, tiic la dua them cac phan hgp kim dii Idn vao vat lieu, tao eac pha ciing phan tan ddu tren nen (hay hda ben tiet pha), cac pha cd Cling bd mat rdt cao [3]; [4]; [5]; [8]; [9] Nhu vay, ta da tao vat lieu td hgp ldp: Ldp nen thep eac bon thap deo dai de gia edng udn, Idc; Ldp hgp kim hda be mat cd eiing rat cao cd tae dimg chdng mai mdn lam viee b) Phu.a(l58a>:^.O, « i 4 ^ - i 41 aBS3>-y.o ooajv-r Hinh 13 Do thi dnh hu&ng cua tdi trgng P(N); thai gian t (h) mdu so 1.2 tai lugng mon U (g) Hinh 15 Do thi dnh hu&ng cua tdi P(N); thdi gian t (h) mdu so 2.2 t&i lugng mon U (g) K±l QUA NGHEEIN CUtJ VA THAO LUAN cao, theo Bang trung binh 726,03HV, phii hgp vdi eae loai thep ket cau thdng dung Dieu cd the giai thich la cac nguyen td hgp kim Cr, Mn cd vat lieu VL2 hda tan vao pherit tao eac pha hen kim dang (FCj^Cr); (Fe^jMn), lam tang xd lech mang gay hda bin ferit, ket qua: Tang dp Cling, ben Khi Cr, Mn hda tan vao FCjC: Thay the vi tri cae nguyen tu Fe xementit tao nen xementit hgp kim ed dang cdng thiie phiic tap (Fe, Me)3C nhu Fe3Cr3C; FCjMUjC Xemnetit hgp kim cd tinh dn dinh cao, lam tang them dp ben, dp ciing, tinh ehiu mai mdn so vdi xementit ^ 4.1 N h | n xet cac kdt qua nghien ciru a) V^ to chu-c te vi v4 cihig dat dirffc Tren cac Hmh 5; nhan thay rSng td chiie ti vi vat lieu VL2 bao gdm cac viing: - Viing miu tdi la ndn cd td chuc Ferit, Xementit, hdn hgp cung tich cua chung la td ehiie Peclit, phan tich eiing pha m5u tdi ta nhan thdy chiing cd ciing tuang ddi ISSN 0866 - 7056 TAP CHI CO KHf V I £ T NAM Sd +2 nam www.cokhivietnam.vn 2016 NGHIEN C | J U - T R A D | - Vung cd mau sdng la viing ed cac hat nguyen td mangan, vi vay, vung bao gdm cac bit, xementit tren nen Ferit, peclit, vung eac pha: ferit dugc hgp kim hda bdn biing crdm bao gdm cd hai hinh thai hat: va xementit va xementit hgp kim nhu da ndi d trdn, khdng ed eae bit mangan va cac lien kim + Dang hat nhd, min, cd hinh da giac va cua kim loai va hinh cau, dd la vung tdn tai cac hat cac bit, chiing duge hinh la do: Cac nguyen td hgp - Hinh 9, anh SEM mdu vat lieu VL2, kim ket hgp vdi cae bon cao tao cac pha Hinh 10, phd nhilu xa tai tidu vung 007 Day la cac bit dan vdi kieu m^ng nhu: Cr^C^; Cr^^C^; vung mau den (hay edn ggi la vung mau sang Mn^C; Cac bit phiic dang phiic tap (Fe, Me)^C anh chup td chiie te vi, Hinh 5; 6) chinh nhu: FCjCr^C va eae lien kim loai vdi Fe nhu la cac vung ton tai cae to chuc cae bit: Cae bit (Fe-Cr-Mn), chiing tdn tai d bien gidi hat peclit, crdm; eac bit mangan; eae bit phiic eiing nhu eac hinh rat phan tan, nhd va phan bd kha pha lien kim (nhu da ndi phan phan tich ddng deu lam tang ciing, tinh chiu mai mdn, anh chup td chiie te vi vat lieu) bdi sir cd mat vdi dieu da duge minh ehiing bdi dp eiing ham lugng ldn ciia cac nguyen td (Crdm tir dugc tren cac pha hring binh dat 1609,80HV 48,52 den 50,28%; Mangan khoang h-en (theo Bang 4) 2%; cac bon tu 7,35 ddn 7,89%) + Cac viing mau sang cd hinh thai dang keo dai, hinh kim dd la cac pha xementit cac bon ket hgp vdi Fe; Xementit hgp kim cac nguyen td hgp kim Cr, Mn hda tan thay thS vi tri cac nguyen tii Fe xementit, cac pha xementit ciing ed eiing rdt cao Nhu vay, mdt lan nira lai cho th4y ngoai phep phan tich td ehiic te vi nhu da ndi thi ta cin phai nghien eiiu sau tiep bang cae ky thuat nhu SEM- EDX nhu tai mue de bidt sau han niia ve ban chat ldp vat lieu c) Ve cuong mai mon Nhu vay, cac hat ciing la eae pha cac bit, xementit ehiing hinh va phan tan, nhd tao nen ludi eac bit bao quanh bien gidi hat Ferit, Peclit Cae hat ciing lam tang tinh chiu mai mdn, ehiu nhiet va gay hda b6n rdt manh cho vat lieuVL2 - Lugng mdn rieng eua vat lieu VLl lan han lugng mdn rieng eiia vat lieu VL2, miic dp cd the tdi gan hai lan, dieu dd chiing td VL2 cd tudi thg cao gap khoang Ian so vdi vat lieu VLl b) Ve hinh thai h^c vat li^u - Qua xu ly sd lieu thdng ke bdi sd lieu eho Bang 6, ta cd cd thd thdy rdng: Lugng Khi phan tich phdn hda hgc cac tidu mdn U(g) phu thudc vao tai trpng P(N) vdi miic vung, eae pha bdng phuang phap SEM- EDX, ta ldn ban su phu thude vao thdi gian t(h) va cd su thay ddi each nhan dien mau so vdi dieu da dugc the hien cu thd bdi phuang anh cd mau td chiic te vi: trinh thue nghiem ma phan mem chuyen dung STATISTICA da dua ra, cu thd: - Hinh 7, anh SEM mlu vat lieu VL2, Hinh 8, la phd nhilu xa tai tiiu vung 006 Day - Vdi mau sd I.l, phuang trinh tdng quat la vung mau fring (hay eon ggi la vung mau tdi sir phu thudc ciia U(g) vao ydu td P(N) va t(h) h-ong anh chup td chuc td vi, Hinh 5; 6) duge ggi la ndn ed td chiie peclit, vung phep phan tich chi cd 19,54 den 21,94% la Crdm va cd tu U = 202,8773 + 3,8337.x+0,6529.y + 4,73 ddn 5,78% eae bon, khdng cd su cd mat eiia 0,1107.X.X - 0,0266.x.y + 0,0024.y.y ISSN 0866 - 7056 TAP CHf CO KHf VIET NAM, Sd 1+2 nam 2016 www.cokhivietnam.vn NGHIEN CUTU-TRAO Ddi - Tuang tu vdi mlu sd 2.2, phuang trinh duge dat ra, cu the: tdng quat su phu thudc cua U(g) vao yeu td P(N) va t(h) cd dang: - Vd chi tidu ciing: Vat lieu VL2 cd Cling trung bmh dat 766HV (bang 3), tra bang ca U = 146,76 + 7,U51.x - 0,7854.y + 0,1443.x.x khoang 59HRC, hoan toan phii hgp vdi chi tieu -0,0663.x.y + 0,0093.y.y ddra la HRC 55-60 Ngoai ra, phuong trinh tren edn cd y - Ve td ehiie te vi, cau tnic vat lieu hoan nghia: Ta cd the dieu chinh cac thdng sd cdng nghe dau vao de dat dugc muc dich nang cao toan dap iing dugc cac yeu cau de ve cau tnic, tudi thg thiet bi gidi ban dieu chinh eho td chiie eua mpt vat lieu ehdng mai mdn eao phep Ve chiu mai mdn da dugc thii 4.2 Th^o lu^n k@t qua dat dwcrc nghiem ddi chiing vdi vat lieu gdc VLl va ket Nhu vSy, sau qua trinh thi nghiem, kiem qua eho la dp mdn ciia VL2 chi bang 50% so tra, phan tich va xu ly cae sd li?u thi nghiem do, vdi VLl, tiie la tudi thp ciia thiet bi dugc che tao ta nhan thay rang vat lieu VL2 hoan toan dap bang vSt lieu VL2 eao gap khoang lan so vdi ung dugc cac chi tieu bd thdng sd tdng vat lieu gdc ban dau, hoan toan dap iing dugc quat cho ldp vat lieu ehiu mai mdn eao nhu da yeu cau de ra.*5* Ngay nhan bai: 04/01/2016 Ngay phan bien: 07/01/2016 Tai lieu tham khao: [1] L6 Thu, Le Duy Tung, Dang Xuan Thi (1971); Bam ly tdm vd bom hu&ng true, NXB Khoa hgc vaKythuSt [2] Td Xuan Giap, Dang Minh Trang, Vii Cdng Tudn, Ha Van Vui (1977); S6 tay thiet ki Ca khi, t9p I, tap 2, tap 3, Vien Thidt kd May cdng nghiep [3] Le Cdng Duong (1997); Vgt lieu hoc, Xi nghiep In buu dien [4] Nghiem Hiing (2002); Vdt lieu hgc cas&, NXB Khoa hgc va Ky thuat [5] B.N.Arzamoxov (2004); Vdt lieu hoc, NXB Giao due [6] Trdn Ngpc Dan (2005); Cdc phuang phdp hdn ho quang, Internet [7] Nguydn Van May (2009); Bam qugt, mdy nen, NXB Khoa hgc va Ky thuat [8] Vu Trung Tuydn (2011); Bao cao dd tai Nghien ciiu KHCN ''Phuc hoi goi da ba bit cua tua bin cdc nhd mdy Nhiet diin dot than 300MW", Vien Nghien eiiu Ca [9] Vu Trung Tuyen (2012); Nghiin cicu dnh hu&ng cua mgt so thong s6 cong nghi chinh t&i tinh chdt vgt lieu hgp kim bgt v&i W, TiC Luan an Tidn sT [10] ESAB, Weldmg handbook ISSN 0866 - 7056 TAP CHi CO KHf V I £ T NAM, Sd 1+2 nam www.cokhivietnam.vn 2016 ... 21 5 21 5 21 5 28 6 29 7 320 375 4 02 430 520 540 560 28 5 29 8 318 380 400 435 510 550 560 165 188 21 8 25 5 27 9 305 361 373 396 155 178 20 2 23 5 24 3 29 1 331 354 376 T«n mSu 1.1 1 .2 2.1 2. 2 Liromg mon... 3.7109 2. 0 625 1.9871 3.9600 3.88 02 2.3500 2. 2 820 4 .26 07 4.1406 2- 725 0 2. 5897 5.000 4.9479 3.1875_, 3.0 128 5.3600 5 .20 80 3.4875 3.1153 5-7333 5.6640 3.8 125 3-7307 6.9333 6.6406 4-5 125 4 .24 35 7 .20 00... hda hgc dugc cho bang Trong VL2 ciing cd hai mau ky hieu la mau sd 2. 1 va mau sd 2. 2 nhufrenHinh 2; ^ ISSN 0866 - 7056 TAP CHf CO KHl V I £ T NAM, Sd 1 +2 nam www.cokhivietnam.vn 20 16 NGHIEN C