Nghiên cứu thiết kế cấu trúc động học máy thái cam thảo

NGHIEN cufu-TRAO Ddi NGHIEN CUU THI^T K^ CAU TRUC DONG HOC MAY THAI CAM T H A O RESEARCH ON ALTERNATIVE WITH A KINEMATIC STRUCTURE DESIGN OF LIQUORICE SLICER TVu(mg Thanh Chung, Vii Quy Bac Trudng Dai bge Cdng nghiep Ha Npi TOM TAT Cdy dugc lieu thdn cvmg dgng sa co hucmg vi nhu cdy cam thdo, bdo chi Idm vi thudc dugc thdi ndtphdn dogn cdn tranh bi dap hoac bi chd sdt V&i dgng sdn xudt nho thu&ng diing thiet bi thii cong nhu dao cdu, hodc mdy thdi thu cong Trong bdi bdo ndy tdc gid di xudt mpt phucmg dn thiit ke cdu tnic dpng hpc mdy thdi cam thdo khd hgp ly viec lua chpn phucmg cdt, cacdu thdi, cacdu cdp phoi vdphoi hgp chuyen dpng todn mdy Muc tieu dua mpt mo hinh mdy thdi cam thdo co dgc tinh vu0 trpi ve ndng sudt, chdt lugng vd an todn cho nguai sic dung Tir khda: Cdu tnic, dpng hpc, ca cdu thdi, ca cdu cdt ABSTRACT A hard-stemmed, liquorice flavouring medicinal plant needs to be cut into small pieces during the process of making up medicines, with enough care not to be smashed or reamed when using handcrafted tools like medicinal root sheer, hand-made sheer, etc In this article, the author proposes an alternative with a kinematic structure design - a liquorice sheer This machine model with a suitably kinematic structure helps in the choice of slice direction, slice structure, rough draft allowance structure, coordination of movement and ensures to be dominant in capacity, quality and user safety Keywords: Structure, kinematic, slice structure, cutting, structure ISSN 0866 - 7056 TAP CHi CO KHi VIET NAM, Sd 1+2 nam 2015 www.cokhivietnam.vn ^ NGHIEN cufu-TRAODCI luong thuoc Bac ta nhap cua Trung Qudc kha nhieu, neu cd ke hoach day manh viee trdng trpt va di thuc them cac cay thudc ciia Trung Trong cac loai cSy dugc lieu tbi cay Cam thao cung la mpt loai dupclieu cd nhu cau Quoc thi se han che dupfc sir Ip thudc Idn nhat vi Cam thao la mdt nhutig vi thudc Ddng y lau ddi nhat; Trong sach "Than Ve mat kinh te, Nha nudc ta da xep cay ndng ban thao" the ky thii trude cdng nguyen thuoc vao loai cay cdng nghiep cao cap cin da ndi den Cam thao Cam thao vi ngpt tinh dugc phat trien nhu nhutig cay eong nghiep binh, cd tac dung bd trung ic khi, giai co that khae Hang nam cong ty Dugc lieu e4p I va c4p giam dau, nhuan phe giam khat, nhiet II va gan day cac cdng ty tu nhSn da khai thac giai ddc, giai dpc thudc va thiic an, dieu hda nhieu mat hang duoc lieu de xuSt kh4u nhu hoa tfnh vi cua cac vi thudc khac Vdi nhieu cdng hoe, que, sa nhan, dua can, cam thao va cac dung nhu tren, do cay Cam thao cang loai tinh dau hdi, que, tram tii cac xudng san dugc su dung nhieu cudc sdng va y hpc xuat Ddng dugc Iam vi thudc ddng Duoc, theo [4] Thiet bi che bien Dugc lieu ndi chung chii yeu la dung dang dao cau hoac may thai dang thu cdng, phu hpp vdi quy md san xuit nho Khi nhu cSu san xuat tang len thi thi phuong an san xuat thu cdng se gap nhirng khd khan nhat dinh; chi phi lao dgng tang, keo theo la tang tien luong, chi phi nang lugng, hieu qua san xuat thap Bdi vay, hudng nghien cuu cua de tai la khao sat thi trudng cac may thai dang Hinh I: Cdy cam thdo song tgi vimg nui Hd Giang thu cong, td hgp lai thiet ke mpt md hinh may thai cam thao cd cau tnic ggn, dl ch8 tao; Ve nguyen lieu, cac tinh mi6n nui phia Nhanh den dupe vdi cac nha san xudt Dong Bac nudc ta nhu Ha Giang, Son La co thi manh duoc ve ngudn dugc lieu Hien nay, tren thi trudng cung da xuat hien mdt so may cat cay Cam thao nhung van cdn d dang thu cdng, cdn THIET KE DONG HQC nhieu ban che ve nang suat, thi^u an toan cho ngudi su dung; Khi van hanh hay bi ket, t4c gay 3.1 Lua chon lutfc (th c4u true qua tai Vi vay, viec chpn 6h tai "Nghien ciiu thiet ke, che tao may cat cay Cam thao cd dac tinh ky thuat vugt trpi hon so vdi may cit dang thu cdng ve nan^ suat, chat luong, an toan va hieu qua" la rat can thiet va cd Unh thdi su Mang c£p lieu DAT VAN DE TONG QUAN VE THIET KE CHE TAO MAY THAI CAM THAO Nudc ta cung nhu Trung Qudc, Nhat, Dai Loan va mot sd nudc Ddng Nam A khac lai CO truyen thdng chua benh theo Idi y hpc cd h-uyentiilau ddi, ddi hdi cung cdp mpt sd lugng rat Idn ve dugc lieu Trong nhutig nam gSn day Ca cau bien doi chuyin d5ng Hinh 2: Sa cdng nghe mdy thdi cdy cam thdo ISSN 0866 - 7056 TAP CHi CO KHi V I £ T NAM, Sd 1+2 nam 2015 www.cokhivietnam.vn NGHIEN cufu - TRAO D O I Tir thuc tB quy md san xudt va quy trinh thai ngudi nghien eiiu nhan thay de thiet ke mpt chi6c may thai cay cam thao dat nang xuat khoang I OOkg/h Qua khao sat, tham khao mdt sd cac loai may thai hien dang sir dung, vai cac phuong phap va cdng cu thai hien nhdm tac gia lua chgn so cdng nghe, lam co sd thiet ke che tao may thai cay cam thao (hinh 2) De dam bao cho co cau truyen dugc mo men xoan hitinickhuyu den true banh rang Zg, so dpng dac biet chu y khdp E la d bi (khdp eau); Khdp F ban ik tru; khdp G khau 8- la khdp ban cau loai quay mpt chieu Tu tiiie chuyen ddng truyen xudng cap Id cudn qua cap banh rang (Z^, Z^J; (Zj^, Z^,) thuc hien qua trinh cap phdi 3.2 Lua chpn so* clong 3.3 Xac dinh dieu kien quay toan vong dong hoc ciia co cau thai dang tay quay trirot ABCD Hinh 4: Luac ca cdu thdi (tay quay trugt) P- Hinh 3: Sa dpng mdy G F E 11 10 STT KHCiP BAN LE CAU MOT CHIEU KH6P BAN LE TRU VM6? BAN LECAU LO CUON PHOI I LO CUON PHOI THANH LAC THANH TRUYEN THANH QUAY (CONG) DAO THAI (CON TRUOT) THANH TRUYEN TRUC KHUYU BANH DAI DAY BAI D O N G CO BI$N TEN KHAU, K H P Hinh 5- Hpa van tdc cacdu thdi Trong luge dpng ca thai cd dang luac cau tay quay trupt: Khau - Tay quay (true khuy 4); Khau 5: Thanh truySn; Khau 6: Con trupt (dao cdt 6) DS xac dinh dieu kien quay toan vdng ciia true khuy, trudc het ta tinh bac tu cua co ~ ' cau: ISSN 0866 - 7056 TAP CHI CO KHi VIET NAM, Sd 1+2 nam 2015 www.cokhivietnam.vn tai thdi diSm idy: V, = V, (3.7) 1^ - Chieu dai cong khau 6; 10 - chi^u dai c ~ ^^^ (3-8) gia IEH V^ - van tdc cua dao tai vi tri thai da chpn 1^- Chi^u dai truySn 7; 19 - chi6u dai dgng CO lac iGH Phuang tiinh (3.4), (3.5), (3.6) la cac 3.5 Phoi hgp chuyen dgng giira co" cdu c^t va thdng sd dpng hgc co ban dung d6 tinh thilt ke CO cau cap phdi Muc dich cua phan phdi hgp chuyen ddng giiia chuy8n cdt cua dao (con trugt) va chuyen dgng cdp phdi (day cam thao), dam bao ddng phdi viia di vao thi dao bdt ddu vao cat Bdi vay ta phai tao lien k8t dpng hpc giiia co cau ndi vdi nhau: Co cdu tay quay tnrot - Co cau bdn khau ban I§ khdng gian 3.6 Chgn phinrag chuyen dgng cua dao cat De dam bao cho dao "cat nggt" ban che dap, nat phuong cat cua dao dupe bd tri hgp vdi phuang cua mang cap phdi mgt gdc 45" (hinh 6) ISSN 0866 - 7056 TAP CHi CO KHi VIET NAM, Sd 1+2 nam 2015 www.cokhivietnam.vn NGHIEN cufu-TRAO ePi M ^ g c ^ phoi thai dang chat bd thi khdi lupng mdt lan cdt se rat ban che tii 10-^15 (g/lan), ta cd th£ tinh dugc van tdc di chuyen cua dao theo cdng thiic nhu sau nhu sau: I V = n.2.H/3600 Hinh 6: Sa dd cdt dao thdi vd mdng cdp phdi dong cdy cam thdo (m/s) (4.1) Trong do: n -Sd lan cdt ti-ong I g i d , n = 150000/10 =10000 Idn H - Hanh trinh eua trupt, H = 100 mm = 0,1 m Ta ed dugc van tdc cua dao thai la: P ^ - 0 0 , / 0 =^0.56 (m/s) Hinh 7: Sado Id cudn phoi 3.7 Chgn co cau cudn phoi Tri sd van tdc eua dao thai la dung de tinh cong suat lam viec tren true cdng tac, co sd de chpn cong suat can thiet tren true dpng co K£T QUA NGmfiN ClTU VA THAO LUAN Co eau cudn phdi dung hai Id cudn dang hinh tru bd tri quay ngugc cbi§u Khoang each tam hai Id cudn bd tri dieu chinh dieu chinh khe hd hudng kinh phu hpp vdi loai eay cam thao dang: Khd, am, gia, non (hinh : 7) 3.8 Phan bao che an toan Chu y hai bd phan: - Bg truyen dai: De dam bao cho may Iam viec binh thudng, bg truyen dai can dugc bao che rieng - Khu vuc cat cua dao: Bd tri cir an toan phia tren ddng phdi chay vao mang TINH V^N TOC CAT CUA DAO THAI Chung ta thay rang van tdc cat cua khau cdng tac la van tdc cua dao qua trinh thai Dao thai nhanh bay cham phu thupc vao nang sudt lam viec cua may Theo yeu cdu thigt ke, d^ dam bao nang suat qua trinh thai dat du(?c tir (100 -^ 150) kg/h; Tir phuong phap cdt Tir mpt phuang an thiet ke dgng hgc may thai cam thao da trinh bay d tren, nhdm tac gia da tinh va thiet ke, che tao hoan chinh mpt may thai Cam thao cd cdng suat thai lOOkg/h Qua qua trinh thu nghiem cho thay may cd the dua vao su dung cac co sd che bien Ddng dugc Tren co sd dang may cd the thiet ke dang may thai Dugc lieu dang xo tuang tu nhu cay cam thao • Ngay nhan bai: 10/01/2015 Ngay phan bien: 15/02/2015 Tai lien tham Idiao: [ J Dinh Gia Tudng, Nguyin Xuan Lac, Tran Doan Tien (1972), Nguyen ly mdy NXB DH&THCN [2J Trinh Chdt, Le Van Uyen (2007), Tinh todn he dan dpng ca tap, NXB Giao due [3] Robert L.Nor Worcester Polytechnic InstriUite Worcester Massachusetts; Design of machinery an Introduction to the synthesis and Analysis mechanisms and Machines; Intemational Editions 1992 [4].wwTv.thay thuoc cua ban.com/vithu6c/cam thao.htm ISSN 0866 - 7056 T4.P CHi CO KHi VIET NAM, Sd I +2 nam 2015 ww^v.cokhivietnam.vn ... ciia Trung Trong cac loai cSy dugc lieu tbi cay Cam thao cung la mpt loai dupclieu cd nhu cau Quoc thi se han che dupfc sir Ip thudc Idn nhat vi Cam thao la mdt nhutig vi thudc Ddng y lau ddi... ban thao" the ky thii trude cdng nguyen thuoc vao loai cay cdng nghiep cao cap cin da ndi den Cam thao Cam thao vi ngpt tinh dugc phat trien nhu nhutig cay eong nghiep binh, cd tac dung bd trung... hoa tfnh vi cua cac vi thudc khac Vdi nhieu cdng hoe, que, sa nhan, dua can, cam thao va cac dung nhu tren, do cay Cam thao cang loai tinh dau hdi, que, tram tii cac xudng san dugc su dung nhieu