KHOA HOC CONG N G H | TOI UU HOA QUA TRilVH SAY CHE BAIXIG PHLTOIXIG PHAP BAY B01VI IVHIET OE SAIV XUAT MATCHA Ddng Thi Thanh QuydnS Pham Anh Tudn^ T6MTAT Matcha la lo^ san phdm khdc v6d cac san pham b^t che khac la dupe nghidn true ti^p tit dot chd c6 ham luong L-teanin, clorophyl duoe tich liiy giai doanfruocdm ho^ch bdng phuong phip che phu ndn rdt nhay cam voi nhidt dp frong cdng doan say Mu say b nhiet dp cao ham lupng L-teanin vd clorophyl bi ton tiidt Ion, liic matcha chi la san phdm bpt che xanh thong diutmg Sdy bom nhiet la mpt nhimg giai phap cong nghd say tidn tien c6 tii^ sdy b dai nhidt dptfidp< 60"C, d6 ban che tdc dp cdc phan ling hoa hpc lam giam chdt lupng ddng thdi giii dupe mau sdc dac tnmg cua san pham Nghidn cuu sii dung quy hogch true giao ddi xiing voi y^u td ^ h hudng phuong phap sdy bom nhiet la nhidt dO tac nhan sdy, tdc dO tac nhan sdy, d6 day 16p ch^ sdy vdi h ^ muc tidu \k ham lirpng L- teamn va clorophyl Tdi uu hoa bdng each chap mute tidu theo thuat toan "ham mong dpi", ket qua cho thdy sdy che bang phuong phAp bom nhidt voi chd dp tdi mi: nhiet dp tac nhan say 30°C, dp day lop vat lieu say 20 mm, tdc tac nhan say 1,25 m/s, san pham che sau say c6 h ^ lupng I^ teanin \k 24,76 mg/g va clorophyl la 79,28 mg/g Danh gia tdn that so voi chd truoc say thi ham lupng L- teanin vk clorophyl duoe bao ton hrong ling Id 97,4% va 94,65% San phdm che sau say c6 mau xanh s ^ g dac tnmg cua matcha Tii khda: Chlorophyll (chat didp luc) L-teamn, matcha, sdy bom nhi$t BAT VAN BE Matcha Id san pham bdt chd xanh dupe nghidn tir Id che sinh trudng va phdt tridn tiong dieu kidn dnh sdng tan xa vdi muc dich de tich luy L- teanin vd clorophyL Hai hgp chat ndy da dupe khoa hoe chiing minh cd tdc dung rdt tdt ddi vdi size khoe cua ngudi [4] Chinh vi vdy, matcha dugc ddnh gia la san phdm bot che eao cap duoe nghidn ttr toan bd dot che vd khdc vdi cac loai bdt che khdc Id trich ly bd ba chi Idy nude Hien matcha dupe diing de uong true tidp hay hd sung vdo cac san pham thuc pham de tang gid tri dinh duong cho san pham Tuy nhien tiong cdng nghd chd bien matcha, Lteanin vd clorophyl dd bi tdn thdt d nhidt dp cao Do vdy, sdy che d^ san xuat matcha ddi hdi phdi cd nhiing gidi phdp cdng nghe phu hgp dd hai thdnh phan quy^t dinh ndn chdt lupng cua matcha Id I^ teanin vd clorophyl tdn that thap nhat Ihdng thudng ddi vdi san pham che xanh hay che den duge sdy b nhidt dp 80 - 100°C, b nhidt dp ndy tao duoe huong thorn vd mill dac tnmg cua sdn pham nhtmg ddy khdng phai dieu mong mudn tiong san pham matcha Sdy bam nhidt Id mdt tiong nhiing cdng nghd sdy hdn tidn ed thd hoat ddng b nhidt dd thdp 'Tmong Dai hpc Kinh te - Ky thu§t C6ng nghiep ^Vien Ca dien N6ng nghi?p vS Cong nghfi sau thu hoach phii hop de lam khd nhiing nguydn lidu dd bi bidn ddi v^ chat lupng tdc dung ciia nhiet dd cao [3] K^t qua nghidn ciiu va ling dung cdng nghd sdy bom nhidt dd say mdt sd san pham gia vi nhu cd rdt, gimg, nghe, tdi cho thay say bam nhiet ed nhidu uu diem nhu sdn pham sau say giu diroc mau sdc tu nhien va chdt lugng sdn pham, ddng thdi cdn ti^t kidm nang luong hon so vdi phuong phdp say khdng ndng [2] Cdng nghe say bom nhiet duge xem la phii hop vai sdn pham nhay cam nhidt dd [3] Vi vay tiong nghidn ciiu ndy tidn hanh tdi uu hda cac yeu td anh huong qud trinh sdy che bang phuong phap say bom nhiet de tai gia tri cua hai muc tieu ham lugng Lteanin vd clorophyl dat tdi uu Z NGUYEN UEU VA PHUDNG PHAP NGHBIICOU 2.1 Nguydn lidu nghidn cihi Nguydn lieu diing tiong nghidn ciiu la gidng che Phiic Van Tidn duoe tidng tai Vidn Khoa hgc Ky thuat Ndng lam nghiep midn mil phia Bac (Phii Hp, Phu Thp) tiong dieu kidn che phu cd cudng dnh sang trung binh 6105 - 6500 lux, thdi gian che phii 20 - 25 ngdy truoc thu hoach [1] 2.2 Phuong phdp nghidn cihi 2.2.1 Phuongphap thu hiivixuly nguydn heu Thu hai dpt che hup Id, nguydn lidu sau thu hai duge rai d^u tidn nong de heo tu nhien tiong khoang thdi gian gid Tiep theo duoe xu ly didt men N O N G NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY - THANG 9/2015 63 KHOA HOC C N G N G H l bang thidt bi vi sdng tiong thdi gian phut trudc chuyen sang cong doan say bdng bom nhi^t Qud trinh say k^t thuc dd dm cua che Id - 4% 2.2.2 Phuangphip thuc nghidm da ydu td 2.2.2.1 Kdhoach thuc nghidm Tidn hdnh thuc nghidm da y^u td sdy bang bom nhidt vdi yeu to anh hudng tuong ling midn khao sat da dugc xde dinh tu cdc thuc nghidm don yeu td, cuth^: Nhiet dp tdc nhdn sdy: Xj = 30 - 50«C Dd ddy lap chd sdy: Xa = 20 - 40 mm Tdc dp tdc nhdn say X3 = - m/s Kdt qua thuc nghidm vdi hdm muc tidu: Y,hdm lupng L- teanin (mg/gam chdt khd), Y2 - hSm lugng clorophyl (mg/gam chat khd) Su dung quy hoach true giao ddi xiing vdi y^ td Id nhidt dd tdc nhdn say, tdc dp tdc nhdn sdy, d^ day Idp chd sdy Mdi y^u td tidn hdnh tai miic (-a, 1, 0, +1, +a) chi tidt (Bdng 1) vdi a = 1,681 (k = 3), tdng sd thi nghidm N = 2'' -i- 2k + UQ Cu tiid gdm 16 thi nghidm, tiong dd tfai nghidm tai nhdn (quy ho?ieh tiidn phdn 2^, thi nghidm tai diem (2 thi nghidm cho mdi bien) vd thi nghidm Igp tai tSm Bang Bdng gid trj ma hda vdfliiKnghigm cua cdc y ^ td tfayc nghigm Mite I^hi^u Donvi -1 +1 -a -KX Nhiet d6 tac nhan s^v "C 30 23,18 40 50 XI 56,82 Do day lp vat lieu s^v mm 13,18 20 30 40 X, 46,82 Tdc d6 t^c nhan say m/s 0,66 X, 1,5 2,34 Ham h6i quy tdng quat cua cac muc tieu c6 kg/m^ Dd tidn h^nh c h u ^ bi miu che trdn ciing khay say vdi dd day b£t ky Z, (mm) dlioc xac dmh dang; theo cdng thiic quy ddi khdi lugng M (kg); M, = ^ Yi= ao + aiXi + a^Xa + ajXj + aiaXjXz + aijXiXg + 0,6/40 (kg) aagXaXj + anXi + EaaXa + 335X3 2.2.3 Phmmg phap phan tich Y ; b„ + biX, + bjXj + b3X3 + buJCiX, + bjjXjXj + - Xac dinh I^teanin bang phuong phip sac ky b23XjX3 + b„X,^ + hA' + b33X3' long hidu nang cao trdn thidt hi hd thdng HPLC 2.2.2.2 Thiet bi su dung va pham vi diiu chinh AlUance cOa Hang Waters (My) cac tiling s6 tiiuc nghiim - Xic dinh clorophyl theo phuong phip m|t Thi^t bi say bom nhidt kieu say tinh cdng su^t dd quang hoc 0,75 kW/1 fa/220 V/50 Hz, gdm khay s4y kich - Xic dinh dd am bang thidt bi cin h ^ am thuoc 500 X 400 mm, tic nhSn say tuan ho4n theo hudng song song vdi bd mat khay sSy Chd dd lam Master Precisa XM 60 cua Hing Precisa (Thuy Sy)." vide ctia thidt bi pham vi dieu chinh nhidt dd 25 2.2.4 Xily si hiu - 55"C, tdc dd gid 0,5 - 2,5 m/s, Trong chiic nang Kdt qua dtrpc xu ly bang phdn mem thdng ki dieu chinh nhidt dd say duoe dii dat v4 didu khidn tu ddng nhd thiet bi vi xu ly Fox - 2002 {Han Qudc) Tdc Design-Expert 7.1 [6] dd phSn hch eac he sd hdi quy, dd gid dm?e dieu chinh bang bidn tin dd lang hoae bd mat dap ling vi tdi uu hda vdi thuat toin ham mong doi [5] giam tdc dd vdng quay cila quat gid, kiem tra tdc dd Biens6 gid bdng thidt bi tdc dd gio Testo 445 (Due) LKETQUIiVlilllliOUlAN - Dd chuan miie dd day eua lop nguyen Udu say (mm) theo kd hoach thtrc nghidm, phmmg phip tidn hanh dime quy ddi trung binh tir sd lidu diiic nghidm xac dinh khdi luijng nguyen Udu chd tuong ling dd day nhat dinh phta bd tren mdt don vi didn tieh (kg/m^ Cu thd da thuc nghiem voi miie day 40 mm vdi khay ehiia nguydn Udu cd didn tich 0,2 m^ (500 x 400 mm), khdi lu(mg xac dinh diroc la 0,6 kg (tuong img khdi luong phan bd nguydn Udu la 3.1 K^t qui thuc nghiem 64 Ket qui thuc nghidm da ydu td duQC tdng hop tai bang STT X, 40,00 56,82 30,00 50,00 X, Y, X, '^f 30,00 1,50 23,88 76,42 30,00 50 22,95 73,44 40,00 2,0 23.86 76,35 20,00 1.0 23,05 73,76 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY - THANG 9/20151 M0' ftMBA HOC C N G NGHC 40,00 30,00 0,66 22,42 71,74 50,00 20,00 2,00 23,68 75,78 40,00 30,00 2.34 22,86 73,15 40,00 46,82 1,50 23,15 74,08 23,18 30,00 1,50 24,98 80,11 10 50,00 40,00 2,0 22.38 71,62 11 40,00 30,00 1,50 23,85 76,32 12 40,00 13,18 1.50 24,87 79,58 13 30,00 20,00 2.00 24,76 79,23 14 50,00 40,00 1.00 22,35 71,52 15 30,00 20,00 1,00 24,35 77,92 16 30,00 40,00 1.00 76,64 23,95 Kilm tra kdt qua ve su cd nghia cua cdc hd sd vd su tuong thich cua md hinh dupe ti^n hdnh bdng phdn tich hdi quy vd the hidn tai bdng 3,4 Bdng K ^ qud phdn tich hdi guy - Yi Ngudn gdc E^UDng Chudn G i i t r i p sai F (khi nang>F) Mdhinh 1,29 134,35 < 0,0001 5,77 600,07 < 0,0001 % 2,81 292,23 < 0,0001 as 0,22 22,54 0,0032 ai3 0,061 6,37 0,0450 ^13 0,014 1,50 0,2660 ^23 0,15 15,74 0,0074 a,^ aj^ 0,016 1,71 0,2389 0,031 3,25 0,1217 1,68 175,25