Nghiên cứu sấy cá dứa bằng máy sấy dùng năng lượng mặt trời

NGHISN c u u - TRAO BOI NGHIEN CL U SAY CA D I T A BANG MAY SAY - DUNG NANG LUOTVG MAT TROfl STUDYING FOR DRYING PANGASIUS ELONGATUS USING A SOLAR - ASSISTED DRYER ThS TriTOTig Quang Trirong ThS Tran Xin Tuan, TS Vuwng Tfianh Tien Tmomg Dai hpc Nong lam TP HS Chi Minh TOM T.AT Cd dua mgt ndng Id thuc phdm rdt duQC ua chuong va co gia tri thuang mgi cao Tuy nhien cho den bien phdp lam kho nhat Id phai nang, ddn den vdn de chdi luong khong on dinh Mot mau mdy say nang sudl lOkg/me da dugc Met ke - che tgo Md hinh say xuyen khay vd ddo gid dd duac chgn Bg thu nhiet mat trai chi lao dan gidn lir vol lifu re tienda dugc su dung, cung cdp dii nhiet cho qud trinh say bg dien tra de chinh linh nhiit dg say va la nguon nhiet phu vao nhimg ngdy mua dugc lap dgl.Kel qud khao nghiem cho thdy rang, bg thu nhiet ddp img yeu cdu nhiet say day tir 40"C -SO°C Sdn phdm sau say dgt veu cau ve dm (60% ± 1% ll'hl vddgtrdng (56% ± l%).Dung CCD vai JMP siifhvure che dg say tii uu cho cd dita mgt ndng cimg da dugc xdc dinh vdi nhiet say 44.2"€ tdc dg gid 0,24m/s cho sdn phdm cd Irdng 7%, tuang img Ihdi gian say Id 262 phut Tir Ithoa: Cd dua bd thu iihicl mat trdi, thai gian sdy, trdng ABSTRACT The Pangasiiis elongates, especially one-sunningPangasius is afavourile food and in high value However, for now the only solution has been the solar drying which causes the problems in Ihe dried fish quality .4 laboratory dryer for 10kg per batch was designed and fabricated Type of drying through trays with the air reversal principle was selected The solar collector is fabricated easily from some cheap materials which supply enough heal for drying .4 set of electric resistor was also installed for tuning drying air temperature and adding heat source in raining days Experimental results have shown that the collector meet the requirement of drying temperature in range from 40'€ to 5WC.Driedfish was satisfied in requirements fan moisture conlenl(60% ± 1% wbj and whiteness value (56% ± 1%) Furthermore, using CCD with JMP software, the optimal drying parameters was found:44.2''C in drying air temperature and 0,24m s in superficial air velocity resulting in 57% of whiteness valueafler 262 minutesin lime for dn'ing Ke>'words: Pangasius elongates (Dua fish) Solar collector Drying lime, Whitenes s value ISSN 0866 - 7056 TAP CHf CO KHf VfET NAM, S6 nam 2016 www.colthivietnam.vn NUMILN L/LTU - I h^MU tJUl l.DATXANDE Ca diia dac bidt la ca dira mgt nang, la thuc pham cd gia trj kinh td cao cua nudc ta Tuy nhidn, nd chi dugc lam khd bang phai nang, phu thudc vao Ihdi lidt, khong cd qui trinh cu thd, vi thd rat khd kiem soat dugc chat lugng eiia san pham Lam khd bang may say cd the giai quydt van dd kidu xuyen kha\ nham lang hidu qua truyen nhidt (hinh 1) Ngu\en ly sa\ cd dao gid dugc chgn (hinh 2) LTu didm ciia nguyen Is la tidt kiem khdng gian lap dat va dat ddng ddu am ma khdng can dao Iron [2] Muc dich chinh eiia nghien ciiu la thidt kd va che tao mgt mau may say ca diia diing nang lugng mat trdi, nang suat 10 kg/ me, dap img ydu cau vd giam am hi ca lucri, 80% ± 3% xudng ca mdt nkg, 60% ± 1% wb, dat trang 56% ± 1% Sd lieu khao nghiem tren may dugc diing dd lim chd say ldi uu va lam ca sd dd thidt kd chd tao may say I OOkg/md Nghidn cuu nguydn ly say va nguon nang lugng cho qua trinh say la ydu cau dau tidn ciia qua trinh thidt kd may say rpmm Hinh J Eii-it sdy xuyen khay KWnflkhi ^dilEN ~ E Hinh \giiyen ly sdy ddo chieu gid Hidn nay, xu hudng ling dung nang lugng mat trdi (NLMT) rat phd bidn vi la ngudn nang lugng vd tan, nhidn NLMT mien phi nhung khdng rd Nghidn cihi vd bg thu nhidt NLMT [ ] la giai phap cho van 6e Bd thu nhidt la cac dng hinh tru dugc bao bdi hai Idp nhya (PE) vdi lap bdn ta bg phan chinh dd hap thu nhidt vdi hidu suat Idn ddn 40" o Dien tich tam thu nhidt dugc linh toan dya trdn hidu suat \a nang lugng biic \a mat trdi (500 1000 W 'm-), lir xac djnh dudng kinh \a chieu dai cac dng SLU kidu \uyen khay dugc chgn \ i phu hgp vdi san pham dang lat mdng va PHI ONG PHAP NGHIEN ( I U Quan he vd biic \a va nhiet say d^t dugc se dugc khao sat 6e danh gia boat ddng ciia bd thu nhidt Nhiet dg say dugc ehpn dya tren kdt qua khao sat lir vide phai ca Luu lugng gid can thiet va tdc dg tac nhan say dugc chgn dya vao cac kel qua nghidn cim da cd va kmh nghidm say ca Thi nghidm dugc lidn hanh vdi thdng sd dau vao la nhi?l sky va tdc dg gid, thdng sd dau la thai gian s^y va dg trang Phucmg phap bd mat dap img CCD vdi phan mdm J M P 4.0 dugc su dyng dd giai ^ ISSN 0866-7056 TAP CHf CO KHi V I £ T \ A M Sd nam www.cokhivietnam.vn 2016 NGHIEN CU'U-TRAO D O I quydt bai loan ldi uu hda che say De cudng hire xa mat trdi thiet bi Daystar solarimeier vdi dp chinh xac 3% d khoang OOOW/m- thang 1W m' dugc sir dung Nhiet dugc bang nhidt kc thuy ngan, nhiet ke hdng ngoai \ a cam bidn nhi?l vdi dp chinh xac khoang 0.5''C Tren may say dugc lap dat lAm Orifice, dimg dd luu lugng gid (m- s) Van tdc lac nhan say dugc xac djnh bang each chia luu lugng say cho didn lich khay va dugc hidu ehinh bdi sd trung binh ciia van toe gid di qua be mat khay say dugc bdi tdc ke Am mau dugc xac djnh bang phuang phap tu say Do trang WC'ij) bang may mau CR-400Konica Minolta Dya vao chi sd L, a va b, dg trang (W'o) dugc tinh theo cdng thiic: Budng say chiia bdn khay kich thudc 0.4m X 0.4m, dugc cap gid bang mpt quat ly tam cdng suat 0.25HP vdi luu lugng 0.4m\'s cung cap khdng say lir bp thu nhidt NLMT va thdi xuyen qua cac khay sa\ Bd thu nhiet gdm: Tam thu nhi?t cd di?n tich 5m-, dugc dat dng PE cd dudng kinh 0.7m, dai 4m Hai didn trd 0,5kW, dieu khidn on-off diing de didu chinh nhi?t dg say va la ngudn nhidt phu trg Dya trdn dii lieu thu dugc mpt Ihdi gian dai, mdi quan he giira cudng biic xa mat Irdi va nhidt dg say dugc trinh bay trdn hinh 1200 - 1000 — - soo 600 jr=:ioo ^(ioo-z.)'+ô-+*- ã j^, ' ^ * ~ 400 * ã ằ ^2711.-1^9 8ô-l50i 100 f - KKT Q l \ \ A THAO L l AN }b Kdt qua thidt ke-chd tgo va khao sal cac thdng sd boat ddng: Mau may say nang suit 10 kg me da dugc thidt ke-chd lao, duac md ta (hinh 3) Hinh Kkiii may da dirge Ihiil ki chi Igo n 19 41 11 45 , ! 47 49 Sl Hinh Su thay ddi cua nhiet dg budng sdy theo cudng dg buc xg mat Irai Trong do, true tung la cirong dp biic xa (W/m^), true hoanh th8 hien nhi?t dosSy (°C) KSt qua cho thiy, trai njng (W = 600 W/m^ - 1000 W/m^) thi nhift dp siy dat duoc tir 37°C - 50°C, dap img dupc nhi?t dp can de say ca Khi nhiet dp cung cjp cao hon nhiet dp say, mpt van bd sung moi tren duong ong dupc mo dS dat dupc nhiet dp say cin thi^t IChi nhi?t dp cung cSp khong dii, bp dien tro se hoat dpng giup tSng nhiet dp den nhi^t dp sky can thiSt Dp sai lech cua nhi^t dp Ay la ± 1.5°C ISSN 0866-7056 TAP CHf CO KHf VIET NAM, S6 nam 2016 HTvw.cokhivielnam.vn N(3HlbN C U U - I K A U U U ! Xac dinh cac thong so va che sa} tdi uu cho ca dua mgt nang: Ca diia tuoi (75% ± 3% Wb) dugc say ca dira mpt nang (60% ± 1% Wb) Chat lugng khd ea dura the hidn d dp am \a dp trang (56% ± 1%) Nhiet dg va tdc dg lac nhan say anh hudng ddn thdi gian say va am san pham dd, nhi?t say anh hudng manh ddn mau sac ca say [3, 4, 5] Vi the md hinh thi nghiem tdi uu dugc de nghj \ di nhidt say va tdc gid la thdng sd dau vaoUhdi gian say \a trang la hai thdng sd dau Dya trdn kdl qua didu tra phai nang, nhidt say khao sat dugc chgn Irong day hi 40 'C ddn 50"C \ di mire 40"C 45"C \a 50 C Tdc dp tac nhan say dugc chgn Irong miic 0.21m/s, 0.24m/s va 0.27ni s [6] Diing CCD vdi phan mdm JMP 4.0, ma tran ma hda cac nghidm thirc dugc the hi?n oBang Bdng I Ma Iran ma hda cdc nghiem thdc: Nghiem Nhi?t dp (X„"C) Toe dp gib (X„ m/s) Thoi gian (Y,,phut) dp trSng (Y„ %) Oa -+ OO ++ a.\ AO aO - +- 00 45 40 45 50 45 52.07 37,93 40 50 45 0,197 0.27 0,24 0,27 O.:K2 0.24 0,24 0,21 0,21 0.24 319 291 151 189 381 144 :S4 382 159 251 54.: 53,63 53,91 59,03 59,59 59.74 j 57,21 60,28 56,34 55.92 Bidu dd thd hien sy tuang quan giua md hinhvdi thyc teciia lan lugt thdi gian say va dg trang dugc bieu dien d hinh va 350JSOO- l=c _ '_ ly^ - E 1'' i^' 150- una (nvi.) Pre [3] [4] Nga\ nhan bai: 17/8/2016 Ngay phan bidn: 14/9/2016 [5] Tai lif u tham khao: [1] [2] Hien P.H.,Vinh L.Q Thuy T T T , Tuan TV, 2009 Development of solar-assisted dryers for food and farm crops ASABE ISSN 0001-2351 Vol 52(4): 1255-1259 Hien PH., Tam N.H., Xuan N.V., 2003 The reversible air dryer SRA: one step lo increase the mechanization of postharvest operations ASEA Paper No 701 PI 103e St Joseph, Mich ASAE [6] Djendoubi N , Boudhrioua N Bonazzi C and Kechaou N 2009 Drying of Sardine Muscles Expenmenial and mathematical investigations Food and Bioproducts Processing 87: 115-123 Ortiz J Lemus-Mondaca R VegaGalvez A Ah-Hen K., Puente-Diaz L., Zura-Bravo L and Aubourg S , 2013 Influence of air-dr\ing temperature on drying kinetics, colour, firmness and biochemical characteristics of Atlantic salmon (Salmosalar L.) fillets Food Chemistty 139 (2013) 162 - 169 Prachaya\\ arakom S Soponronnaril S., Wetchacama S and Jaisut D., 2002 Desorplion isotherms and drying characteristics of shrimp in superheated steam and hot airDrying Technology 20: 669-684 Aranda D Casas E V, Peralta E K.andElauria J C 2010 Drying Janitor Fish for Feeds in Laguna Lake to Mitigate Pollution Potentials Journal of Environmenlal Science and Management 13 (2)'27-43 ISSN 0866-7056 TAP CHl CO KHf VIET NAM Sd nSm 2016 www.cokhi\ ietnam.vn