PETROVIETNAM I MO PHONG MOT SO Q U A TRINH PHONG HOA DAU TRONG M O I TRUONG BIEN ThS Nguyin Quoc Trinh\ TS Nguyin Minh Hu^n= TS Phiing Dang Hieu^ ThS Nguyen Quang Vinh* 'Trung tam Dubao Khi tuang ThOy van Trung Uang, 86 Tai nguyin vaMdi trudng 'Trudng Dai hoc Khoa hgc Tu nhien, Dgi hgc Quoc gia Hd N6i ^Vien Nghien cUu Qudn ly Bien va Hai dao, Bd Tdi nguyin vd M6i trudng 'Oai Khi tuang Cao khong, Bp Tdi nguyin vd Moi trudng Email: maitrinhvmh@gmail com Tdmtit Bd; bdo gitfi thieu vimd phdng mot sd qud trinh phong hda ddu theo phaang phdp thi tich htfu hgn vd mo hinh phong hoa ddu dexem xet cdc qud trinh phong hda thay ddi laang ddu (nha boc hai, phdn tdn, nhu taang hda vd hda tan) Dtfa trin cdng trinh nghiin ctfu thdng qua cdc cdng thtfc daac dp dung phd biin nhieu nhdt trin thi gidi, so sdnh kit qud va sd lieu phdn tich, nhdm tdc gid dd xdy dtfng cdc phaang trinh thich hap, stf dung thieu hut ddu nha phdn tdn Idng dgng ddu na&c, dimd phdng cdc qud trinh phong hda ddu, tinh todn qud trinh lan truyen cahgc, qud trinh bayhtri, xdc dinh tyle nhu taang hda cua ddu trdn phu thugc vda tinh chdt ddu vd tdc ddng cua mdi traimg Ttf khda: Trdn ddu, cdc qud trinh phong hoa, md hinh todn hoc Su CO tran dau gay tac ddng nghiem trpng den moi trudng, cac he sinh thai va kinh te - xa hoi khu vUc ven biln Khi dau tho hole sin pham tinh che tii dau md tran tr^n bien se bat dau dien mot loat eae qua trinh chuyen ddi phijfe tap cd thay doi theo thdi gian va khdng gian Cac ket q u i hoat ddng cua eae qua trinh phu thudc vao elc tinh chat, phan cija dau, eae thong so tran va dilu kien moi trudng t u nhien (khong va niidc] xung quanh Cac qua trinh t i i nhien gom vat ly, hda hpc, sinh hoc v l moi trudng bien (Hinh 1) Cic q u i trinh phong hoa dau la mpt tap hop cOa elc q u i trinh vat ly v l hda hoc thay doi hinh ba chieu tinh toan chi tiet qua trinh lan truyen va bien doi eCia dau sau x l y su cd, Cae k i t q u i nghiin ciJu thudng phu thuoc vac mpt hay nhilu yeu td eua cac q u i trinh vat ly, hda hpc, sinh hoc va phu thudc vac cac dieu kien mdi trudng, tupng va h l i van Cac q u i trinh eo the gom: qua trinh loang dau ea hpc sau d i u t h o i t khoi ngudn; qua trinh phan tan tU nhiin; q u i trinh nho tuong hda, boc hoi hda tan, oxy hda, phan hCiy smh hpe, phan huy I n h sang mat trdi Tren co sd ket qua nghien cdu tren the gidi, nhom t i e g i i d l xay dung cac eong thiJe tinh toan qua trinh lan truyen eo hpc, qua trinh bay hdi, xlc djnh t^ le nhu tUOng hoa cua dau tran phy thupc vao tinh chat dau v l t i e ddng cua mdi trUdng elc thupc tinh eCia dau tran gay nhiim Hien ed rat nhilu loai mo hinh dupe xay dung de md phdng tif elc md hinh quy dao don g i i n tdi eae mo Mot so qua trinh phong hoa dau 2.1 Qud trinh lan truyen ddu cahgc Qua trinh lan truyen dau ed hpc la mdt eac qua trinh quan trpng di chuyen ban dau cCia dau loang, Cac luetic dpng qua trinh lan truyen dau ca hpe nhu ddng chiy be mat, gid va chuyen dong roi sdng vd [1,2,3] Cdng thu'c eua Blokker [4]; Xlc djnh ban kinh va day dau loang phu thuoe vao trang thai moi trudng va dac d i l m tinh chat d i u vdi tham so Blokker ban thue nghiem v l tien tnen theo thdi gian Hinh Cdc qud trinh phdn buy dau tu nhien trin bi6i dRm dl - = kb(p^-p)(p'P^)h DAUKHI-564/201S 51 | AN TOAN - MOI TRUONG DAU KHI Pha IV: «_„,=10'(p'"fe)r' vdi tuan < t < thang (5d) limin=[{i''^]h{P.-p)(P P.Y''T *^^' Cong thdc cCia Mackay [6] va Reed [9] xae dmh dien h = \{V/7ry '\p^!(^p(p^ p)hf ]' (lb) tich loangdauphuthuoc vao dac diem tinh chat dau theo thdi gian Cdng thde ciia Fay [5] xlc djnh ban kinh va dien tieh dau loang phu thupc vao trang t h i i moi trudng va dac diem tinh chat dau Gil thuyet q u i trinh hoat dpng phan pha, bao gom quan tinh - trpng lUe (Pha 1), lue - nhcft (Pha 11) v l nhdt - Lfng suat b l m i t (Pha 111) tien triln theo thdi gian dA dt = K^vV"'; A =!tRl^ : V =rrhRi,i h = VIA Cong thij'c ciia Al-Rabeh [10]: Vet dau cd the dUdc xae dinh la mpt hinh ellipse mpt he quy chieu Descartes vdi he true tpa dd la XI vaYl ma tpa dp tam Ia{x1,yl)= (0,0) va trijc XI la trung hudng gio Hinh ellipse vet dau theo thdi gian g i i djnh la ddng tam Pha I: R„,„, = llAlApgVl , ~y 2,6j( r vdi t < 12 gio _ r., + Ar., >•„ r_„ + A r „ M, A j A^2,l7r\lAp^j^l^ A«™ - v d i l g i d < t < l tuan = A/^™„ Uo; ¥0,03Ut'V- r^ ^ r_ 4x60 ^^j (7b) 3At l,60j 4x60 OUa he tpa Descartes quy udc theo hudng gio ve he quy ehieu thuc Descartes he thong toan cau dUdcbien : ô,3=2,30| & ) " ã Ap = (2e) ]^ vdi tuan < t P doi nhu sau: x = xlxco&^-ylxsin^;y-xlxsin^ Cdng thifc ciia Mackay [6] xlc djnh dien tieh loang dau phu thuoe vao dac diem tinh ehat dau theo thdi gian + ylxcosp (8} Cdng thifc eiia Warluzel va Benque [11], Tkalich [12]: Mo hinh dpng tUc dau tran eo t h i dii kha nang de ehinh xlc theo elc phuang trinh Navier - Stokes = C,A" (3) = C,A" h+lO-' Cong thilz cua Lehr [7] xae dinh ban kinh va dien tich lan truyen dau phu thugc vao dac diem tinh chit dau va trang thai moi tradng va tac dpng co hpc 't =lt{p.'P-^y)'\' 60)"; fi™« =^™„ +0,03[/'''l'- ''{i 66f';A = (4j dh duh dvh d ct dx dy dx (-f)-i('^a ^ Cong thiJc cua Nihcut [13] va Arkhipov [14] xae djnh dp day va ban kinh loang dau phu thupe vao die diem tinh chat dau va trang t h i i moi trudng {Kl4)R^„R^ Cong thifc ciia Yapa [8] xae djnh b i n kinh va dien tich loang dau phu thupc vac trang thai mdi trudng v l dac - g / y : / = 0,95-I,15 diem tinh chat dau Gil thuylt qua trinh hoat dpng phan pha, bao gom quan tinh - trpng lUc (Pha 1), lue - nhcft (Pha ll), nhdt - u'ng suat be mat {Pha III) va can Pha I: ^ „ , +i Pha II:« , 0.98 Cong thu'c ciia Johansen [15] va Tomassini [16] xae djnh ban kinh va dien tich loang dau phu thupc vao dac bing (Pha IV) t i l n trien theo thdi gian d i l m tinh chat d i u va trang t h i l moi trUdng k'-' vdi t < 12 gid (5a) = Ar'';A Vv- v d i g i d < t < tuan(5b} WsiP^z^m" = 0J54!^ (11) P.-^^ y," 1-il p.) Cong thifc eiia Fay [5] va Fengqi You [18] xae djnh dien tieh loang dau ban d i u va dien tich lan truyen dau phu thuoc vao dac diem tinh ehat dau va trang thai moi Pha II 52 = 1,61 DAU KHl-so 4/2015 vdi tuan < t < thang (5c) trudng va t i e dpng co hpc PETROVIETNAM ^''(>-jL]s}ir,,^^,,c: ,x = xl X cos^ - j;l X sin^ ; ji; ^ J:I X sinp + _vlX cos^ (15d pj ciyip.,- p)gv (12) ^ = 24P^ ^ - F " ' ( ; / ) " ' +iof«^-,' 40U^-l| 2?iR' y^'Ul\tim) Cdng thdc cua Al-Rabeh [10] va Chao [19], Berry [20]: Xae djnh ban kinh va dien tich lan truyen dau phu thupe vao dac R^ ' =x'^ +y- (15e) Trong do: f^mm ^^ f^max- ^ ^ " ^^'^^ ^^^ 'o^Hg thgo Wnh ellipse nhdva Idn (m); dilm tinh chat dau va trang thai mdi trudng va tae dpng eo R^^^; Ban kinh dau loang cac pha i (m); hoe A^' Dien tich dau loang ban dau (m^); "^ =1,7 - "•"UJ A: Dien tich dau loang (m^); h:Opday Idpdau (m); \A^{7LI4)R^^^A^^ p va p^: Mat dp eua dau va nUdc (kg/m^); Cong thijfe ciia Chao [19] va Ehsan Sarhadi Zadeh [21 ] Y.iiC dinh ban kinh va dien tieh lan truyen dau phu thupe vao dac diem tinh chat dau va trang thai mdi trUdng va tae dong co V va v^: He so nhdt dpng hpc cua dau va nUde (-7,6 X 10-3 ^2^-^ jju-^i ^QoQ (^2/5 ^^Qgj j.5tj 1^^ 55 Blokker (4,5); hpe -53.76 K,: He so thUc nghiem (~ 17,5/s) (s'); (ij- 1- = R,„ +0,95F C, va C^: He so tuong Lfng 1,14va 1,45; V:The tich dau tran (barrels) (1 barrels = 0,1589m^}; C/„ t:Thdi gian (s); J = 2270 -i-i! l r a: Sufc cang mat ngoai (N/m); ((/60) g: Gia toe trpng trUdng (m/s^); Ht •' 2/3 4/3 u„ (tim) U^: Van toe gid d cao 10m (knots, knots 1852/3600m/s); Td cac cdng trinh nghien ciJu tren, nhdm tac gia dUa u va v:Van tdc loang dau (m/s); he thong cdng thde lien quan den qua trinh lan truyen cd D^ : He so khuech tan dau (m/s); hpe cua d i u tran phu thupc vao tfnh chat dau va tac dpng eua mol trudng [22] - p\gK ^ A Q: Dau phan tan qua trinh phong hda; q: LUu lupng dau (mVs); ;ff = , P t : * = — ; A = 2n.5pr"\tl60y" il va \ij Dd nhdt dpng lUc dau va nUde (Ns/m^ hoac (15a) cP); pJ = 60C'2\(.p,-P)gv, r: Khoang each tiftam den vi tri xvay(m); +2lJ5!i—U^"{ll60) d^b) V t:Thdi gian (s) 2.2 Qud trinh bay hai Qua trinh bay hoi cd anh hudng ldn nhat d i n luong =1.45il-^TV"f~^r^^P J VWJ A4x60' ^ tV pJ UoJ (i5e) ^ ' &R = M, + 0,95;*"'K="f—1 ' " ^ ^ ^" l60j 4x60 dau lai tren mat nUde hoac dat sau su co tran dau xay Trong vai ngay, loai nhien lieu nhe nhu xang bay hai hoan toan d nhiet dp mdi trUdng xung quanh, ehi eo mpt ty le nhd cua dau nang han (Bunker DUa he tpa dd Descartes quy udc theo hudng gip ve he C) bay hai Toe dp bay hoi cua dau phy thuoe ehii yeu quy chieu thuc Descartes he thdng tpan elu dddc bien doi vao phan eua dau Su bay hoi cua mgt so loai dau nhu sau: dien hinh dao dpng tiT 20 - 50% va tham ehi tren 90% BAU KH(-so 4/2015 53 I AN TOAN - MOI TRUONG DAU KHI ' ^V'ilVl' Cong thife eua Reed [9] phu thupc vao dae dilm tinh chat dau, khoi lupng phan tCfva trang thai mdi trudng vS tae dpng ca hpc ^ F = KJJ'' ,PAM^ RT -^/iinP-io.eci-r/?;); UOJ M^=i&V„p , T , Cong thufc Riazi [28] phu thupe vac dae diem tfnh chit "P "T-.-r dau va t i e dpng ca hpc F^-l-exp - ^/ (19) Hinh Bon kinh loang ddu theo thdi gian (a), Oiu ky loang ddu phu thudc vdo the tich Cong thijfc eua ASCE [19] phu thudc vao d i e diem tinh ddu trdn (b} 1231 chat dau va t i c ddng c d hpc, k h o i n g thdi gian (20) &-y^ \ ^^^^p^^^— -\ i ^i c j^r^^ > —-^^ thupc thdi gian duoc danh g i i qua tde gid va bifc xa (true t i l p va g i l n tilp) J \/ r, =aln(l + if/60) -^1 , RT/,P, Cong thufc eua Marquardt [29] va Bergueiro [30] phu /* CtLQ J-c^^ +1 l \ \ 1 "/)""5r' ^ r Hlm^ (21) Cong thu'c ciia Mackay [26] va Lehr [7], Berry [20] phu thupc vao dac diem tinh chat dau va t i c ddng co hoc, khoing thdi gian Hinh Bdn kinh loang ddu dudi tdc ddng cua dong lUc [1 Oj) vdi xang hay d i u nhe [9, 24,25] Cic thinh phin dau nhe hon hpp dau la th^nh phan de bay hai nhat, ed the bay hoi d i n 75% t h i tieh vdng vai ngay, ddi vdi dau trung binh ed the bay hoi den 40% t h i tich Vdi dau nang thi bay hoi chi khoang 10% vdng vai dau Vdi cic loai d i u pham nhe nhu xang, dau hoa thi dau ed the bay hai hoan tcan R-Z In — U.J =iS (T'Cj Rf RT [T-C^ T.-C^j C = 115%,9APr'""-, Cj = 0,19(r-18,0); A,S = 8,75 +1,987 log(r) (22a| T = 542,6 - 30,275,4P/ + 1,565API' -0,03'l39APr +0,00Ca6MAPl' Cdng thifc ciia Mackay [26] v l Stiver [27] phu thupe Cdng thdc cua Stiver [27], Ehsan Sarhadi Zadeh [21] vao dae diem tinh chat dau va trang thai mdi trudng va tae va Aghajanloo [31] phu thupc vao dac diem tinh chat dau, dpng cd hoc sCf dung ham eiia dp API eCia dau [2] phan loai d i u va trang thai mol trddng va tae dpng cd hgc f=10,3^InLU,3^-^-^|exp[6,3-10,3^] thiet n h u d m d hinh OILMAP, nhung mo hinh ADIOS bang r=457,16-3,13447.4P/; T^ =1356,7-241,36 si!f dung d d lieu t h i nghiem d e xae dinh cae thpng sd dn (16) hi(API) Cdng thitc cua Mackay [6] va Yapa [8] phu thudc vac dac dilm tinh chat d i u va trang thai mdi trUdng va tac dong CO hoc AM„ F, = -\luP+[r)\CKU' C\ ^ " " RT^VpxlO'\nP = \0.6(\~T/T): C = l\5^,9API-"''';V ,=,.|„«iilpeJ,,-«,l (17) (23) _ , r = 532,98-3.1295/(/'/ Dau tho: r, =985,62-13,597,4W , T = 645A5-4,65SSAPI =^^ "• l o V T = 542,6 - 30.275^P/ + 1,565^/= - 0,03439^P/' + 0,0002604,4/7* ham cua dp API cua dau [1,2] (23a) ™ < ' ^ " ' ' ' " ' * ^ ^ r , =388,19-3,8725^; =-0,572-(0,0162;) + (0,045r); S, =7,288-(0,0087;) + (0,024r) (23b) PETROVIETNAM Cdng thdc cua FIngas [32]:TCrsd lieu dac tdthucte, thi nghidm 6a dua cdng thdc xae dinh luong dau bay hoi ehi phu thupc nhiet theo thdi gian A: Dien tieh vet dau (m^); V^: T h i tieh phan tif (1,5 x 10^ - 6,0 x 10" mVmol); Mm: Khdi luang phin tif (kg/mol); ;^=[0,016S(%D)+0,0045(7,-288)]ln((/60) M:Trpng luang dau trung binh (2,52 x 10' kg/mol); hole F, = [0,0254(%c)+ 0,0010(7; - 8 ) V ^ Td k^t qua cac cdng trinh nghien cdu tren, nhdm tac g l l da dua he thong cdng thde ll^n quan den qua trinh bay hdi eua dau tran phu thupe vap tinh chat d i u va tac ddng cua mdi trddng [22] R: Hang so (8,206 x 10"' atm mV(mol K)); V^:Thetieh dau tran ban dau (m^); V: The tieh dau tran (m^); h: Dp day Idp dau (m); , , „ T KJuH'At 'H^ + S J - ^ sxpl (25) r = 542,6 -30,275.4P/ + l,565.4F/'0,03439/4/'/^ + 0,0002604.4P/' (25a) R^^: Chieu dai vet dau theo gid (m); A^ va B^: Tham so phu thuoe nhiet dd dau va gradient nhiet dp dau; V^: T h i tich dau mat di eiia phan i bay hai (in'); T; =1356,7-247,361n(^P/) Diu tho: T; = 985,62 -13,597AP! va dau tinh che: r =388,19-3,8725^/'/ (25b) P: Ap suat hoi eua phan i (Pa); 4=-0,572-(0,0167;) + (0,045r); B^= 7,288 -(O.OOSr^) + (0,024r) SG = 141,5 ^ P / + 131,5 Zi:Ty le dau phan tren tong dau Zi = Ei / lEi (%); (25e) , „ , 141,5 •.API = 131,5;F = SG lOV ' Trong do: Mi:Trpng lUOng phan i ((0,1,10,0)x lO^kg/mol), p^: Mat dp dau phan I (kg/m^); At: Budc thdi gian (s); t:Thdi gian (s) F^:T:;'iedaubayhai(%); 2.3 Qud trinh nhu taang hda a v i b:Tham so phu thudc (Bing 1); C:Tham sd phu thupc ehi so API; %D:Ty le (%) trpng lUpng bay hdi d ISO^C; Se:S6 Schmidt (Se = 2,7); P^: Ap suat quyln (Pa); P: Ap suat hai dau (atm hole Pa); TvIT^: Nhiet dp dau va mdi trudng (K); T • Gradient nhiet dp eiia dau va toe dd boc hoi; Nhu tuong hda la q u i trinh phan t i n nude vao d i u tran dudi dang cie hat nUde nhd xen ke Cochl hinh nhu tuong ed t h i bat dau qua trinh cic hat nude x i m nhap xen ke vao dau vdi kich thudc khoang 10 - 25pm (hoac 0,010 - 0,025mm) Neu dau eo dp nhdt nhd thi, nhijfng hat nudc se x i m nhap nhanh va nhieu Mat khae n l u dau cd nhdt ldn thi hat nUdc se kho xam nhap vac dau Cong thu'c ciia Rasmussen [33] ty le nhu tuang dau tuong quan gio theo thdi gian l-sxp[-K^Ks{l + U.Jt] p: Mat dp dau (kg/m^); (26) API: Sd dau phu thupe mat (mVkg); K^: He sd Snh hudng cua gid (0,00252); U^:Toe dp gid (knots, knots = 1.852/3.600m/s); Cdng thde eua Shen va Yapa (1988) [34], Chao [19], Ehsan Sarhadi Zadeh [21]: Ty le lUpng nude dau tuang quan gid va loai dau theo thdi gian Bing Tham sdo vdbphu thudc theo Morquordl[29] TT Khodng nhietff6C^} Van toe gi6 (m/s) 16,8-25,8 16,8-25,8 16,8-25,8 i 5,7 6,8 BuTcxa fUc tiep a b 5.564 0,176 6,282 0,155 5,896 0,288 Bufcxagianti^p a b 4,156 0,177 4,686 0,160 4,402 0,229 DAitKHl-SO 4/2015 AN TOAN - MOI TRUONG D A U KHI Bdng Bde diem ddu ihd duoc sil dung tmng mo phong cac gua Wnh phon f, =C, 1-eNp (27) Gia tri 980 " J Yeu to TT Mat { k g / m ' ) 8,75 301 Cdng thdc cila Mackay [6], Reed [9] va Aghajanloo O6nhatdauo40T(cP) [31] xem xet quan he gida toe dp gid va lUdng nude ehda Nhiet d i e m soi (°K) dau Nhiet d o nudc [°K) Mat d d nudc (kg/m^) 1022,5 n h o t nudc d X ( c P ) 0,0091 f^.jH«.)f| (28) 300 298 Site cang be m a t dau (N/m^) Toe d d di chuyen (m/s) 10 Toe gio (m.'s) Tir eae cdng trinh nghien eifu tren, nhdm t i c gia dUa eong thu'c xae dmh t^ le nhu tUOng hoa ciia dau t r l n ma phu Nhiet dp k h o n g khf (°K) ~^ 24 0,75 5.0 thudc vao tinh chat dau va tac dpng eua mdi trUdng [22] ;ooE-CJ /^, = / : „ , x ( l + U „ ) - x I (29) ,„ - - ' _ ^j j ^ ^ p ^ Trong do: r j ^ ! ? ^ ^ ^ - M^ yy '"•'•' v l F : Phan dau nhu tuong trcng nUde ban dau va f/// hien tai (%); t/' / ^ K^^: He sd khdp dudng eong thuc nghiem (1 x * ^ ••••' -•••' -••• X 10^ doi vdi dau nhe va 4,5 x 10"*d6i vdi d i u nang); !J U^:T6cddgi6(m/s); C,: Phan nude chifa cue dai nhu tuang (0,7 vdi dau nhe va 1,15 vdi dau nang); Hinh Bdn kmh loang dau IU nhien bien 36i theo Ihdi gian - :«.-^ K^ = 4,5 X 10* va Kg = 1,25 la eac hing sd; -•v , ^ W — ' Cj:Tham so phu thude loai dau (0,7 vdi dau nang va 0,25 vdi d i u nhe); '"^"^ ? • / i''-' ^ - - "- C3:Hesd(-2,0^10*); , < ' ' ' • • : > — " t:Thdi gian (s) Md ph6ng va danh gia ket qua s1 «,E-« j T : - ^ De md phong elc q u i trinh, nhdm tac g i i gia dinh cic thong tin cd b i n v l dau va mdi trUdng xung quanh la CO sd eho viec md phong cae qua trinh phong h o l dau (Bing 2) - ' - yZ-i'^^^ - — J^ -'' ••' —:- '-r ^ ^ E S S ^ T»*na.((iij5 ^ Hinh Bon kmh loang ddu duoi tac dong cua dong luc bien ifoi Shea Ihdi gm ,»E-K Tir Hinh d i n Hinh la k i t q u i tinh t o i n dua tren cdng thifc ciia nhdm tac gia, cd so sanh vdi cic cong thu'c da duoc cdng bo eae cdng trinh nghien cilu khic f/'y' 2.1 Qud trinh lan truyen cahgc Hinh 4,5 va la ket qua tinh toan b i n kinh loang dau dua tren cong thifc eua nhdm tie gia, cd so sanh vdi eae edng thifc da dupc cdng bo cac cdng trinh nghien CLfu khac f Kit qua tinh toan ciia nhdm tac gia da thda man va phij hop vdi xu t h i bien doi eiia elc eong thiJe khic Ngoai Vk ^^S^ ,., ,, -""ã^'^'* " ô ã ™-' "-" Hinh Din tich loang dau im2l dm tac ddng ciio dgng kc bien do: iheo thai gm i 56 DAH KHt-so 4/2015 PETROVIETNAM Ket luan Mo hinh phong hda du doan hoat dpng eua v i t dau loang tren biln, 11 eP sd de tinh toan toe truyen t i i khoi luong q u i trinh phong hda quan trpng nhat: bde hOi va nhu tuong hda Ngoai ra, ed t h i sir dung mo hinh phong hda d l tinh toan suthay doi cua tinh chat dau elc qua trinh Do thieu dCf lieu dau vao, nen nhdm tae g i i thuc hien phep so sinh ky thuat giufa k i t qua tinh tcan theo cae phuong trinh eiia elc n h i khca hoc da cdng bo trude dd v l phuang trinh b i n thuc nghiem ciia nhdm tae g i i die d i n h gia xae nhan mo hinh toan hpc Ty le that t h o i t khoi lupng dau phu thupe rat nhilu vac loai dau (tinh chat hda hpe va tinh chat vat ly), d i l u kien thdi t i l t (toe va hudng gid, song, nhiet do) va cac thupc tinh ciia nude bien (dp mudi, nhiet dp) Tren thUe t l , md hinh phong hoa se duac ap dung de tinh ty le dau that t h o i t dong bp, p h i t trien sU on dinh ciia vet dau loang tren mat nudc Vay, mo hinh md phong nhdm t i e gia de xuat bai b l o la mpt phan ciia nghien cu'u thUc hien linh vUe md phdng so ciia dau loang moi trudng biln Njnft Bien ddi tyle nhu taang hda (fw) theo thi^gian ra, ket qua eOa phuong trinh tinh t o i n bao gdm ca qua trinh bien doi tu nhien va q u i trinh b i l n doi dUdi t i e ddng eua dpng iue bien doi theo thdi gian Dudi tac dong cua ddng lUc thi qua trinh bien doi rat nhanh va kha nang lan truyen phu thupc nhilu vao cac y l u to moi trUdng nhU: gio, dong chiy be mat 3.2 Qud trinh bay hai giai doan n^y, dau thd ed dae diem nhu Bang 2, toe dd gio la 5m/s, nhi&t nudc ^ va nhiet dp khong 27''C Tai lieu tham khao National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) ADIOS technical details (draft, unpublished) 1999 NOAA Automated data inquiry for oil spills (ADIOS) version 2.0 www.respcnse.restoration noaa.gov 2000, NOAA OR Sl R w/v*/w.response.restoration noaa.gov 2013 Hinh trinh bay ty le b6c hoi theo tinh toan cua eac cong thdc ma nhom t i c g i i da gidi thieu phan tren Kit qua mo phong theo cic phuong trinh tUOng doi phii hpp Neu co dO lieu ehi tiet v l eac thinh phan chung cit dau cd san, co the bo sung them sd lieu dau vao mo phdng 3.3 Qud trinh nhu taang hda Hinh trinh bay ty' le nhu tuong b i l n doi theo thdi gian tinh t o i n ciia elc eong thifc m^ nhdm t i c g i i dUa tren cac phuang trinh gidi thieu phan tren Kit q u i mo phong cic phuang trinh dat dL/pe tuang doi phii hop Neu da lieu dau vao d i y dii ehi t i l t v l eac phan dau ehung cat, mo phdng ed t h i dupc ap dung nhieu phan l i m dau vao hon ntjfa RC.BIokker Spreading and evaporation of petroleum products on water 1964 J James A.Fay, Physical processes in the spread of oil on a water surface Proceedings of the international Oil Spill Conference 1971; 1: p 463 467 Donald Mackay, lan A.Bruist, R Masearenhas, S.Paterson Oil spill processes and models Volume 8: Environmental emergency branch, environmental impact control directorate, environmental protection service, environment Canada Environment Canada 1980 DliUKKi-S04/2015 57 AN TOAN - MOI TRUONG D A U Khi W J.Lehr, H.M.Cekirge, RJ.Fraga, M.S.Belen Empirical studies of the spreading of oil spills Oil and Petrochemical Pollution 1984; 2(1) p - 1 57(12); p 3555-3564 19 Xiaobo Chao, NJothi Shankar, Sam S.Y.Wang Pocjitha D.Yapa Oil spill processes and model development Journal of Advanced Marine Technology Development and application of oil spill model for Singapore coastal waters Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 2003; 129(7): p 495-503 1994;11:p.l-22 Mark Reed, 0istein Johansen, Per Johan Brandvik, 20 Alan Berry, Tomasz Dabrow/ski, Kieran Lyons The Per Daling, Alun Levels, Robert Fiocco, Don Mackay, oil spill model OILTRANS and its application to the CetticSea Richard Prentki Oil spill modeling towards the close of the Manuscript for OILTRANS model Marine Pollution Bulletin 20"" century: Overview of the state of the art Spill Science & 2012; 64(11) Technology Bulletine 1999; 5(1): p -16 21 Ehsan Sarhadi Zadeh, Kourosh Hejazi Eulerian 10 A.H.Al-Rabeh, R.W.Lardner, N.Gunay Quifspill Version 2.0: A software package for oil spills in the Arabian Gulf Environmental Modelling and Software 2000; 15(4): p.425-442 oil spills model using finite-volume method with moving boundary and wet-dry fronts Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 2012 22 Nguyen Quoc Trinh, Nguyin Minh Huan, Phiing 11 A.Warluzel, J Benque Un modele mathematique Dang Hilu Nghien ctfu lan truyen ddu dBien Ddng phuc vu de transport et d'etalement d'une nappe d'hydrocarbures cdnh bdo va tim kiim nguon thdi Blo cao tien nghidn Proceedings of the Mechanics of Oil Slicks Conference, cufu sinh, TrUdng Dai hpc Khoa hpe TU nhien - Oai hoc Paris 1981:p 199-211 Quoc gia Ha Npi 6/2014 12 Pavel Tkalich A CFD solution of oil spill problems Environmental Modelling and Softw/are 2006; 21(2): p 13 Jacques CJ.Nihoul A non-linear mathematical model for the transportand spreading of oil slicks Eco\og\ca\ Modelling: Modelling the Rate and Effect of Toxic Substances in the Environment 1984; 22(1 -4): p 325 - 339 14 Boris Arkhipov, Vladimir Koterov, Viacheslav Solbakov, 23 M.Popeseu Delia, E.Nistoran-Gogoase Daniela Oil spill modeling on rivers - an efficient forecast tool Part h Physico-chemical processes 2003 271-282 Dmitry Shapochkin, Yulia Numerical modeling of pollutant 24 C.A.Brebbia Oil spill modeling and processes WIT Press 2001 25 Mervin Fingas Oil spill science and technology Gulf Professional Publishing 2010 26 Donald Mackay, Ronald S.Matsugu Evaporation Yurezanskaya rates of liquid hydrocarbon spills on land and water The dispersion and oil Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 1973; 51 (4): p spreading by the stochastic discrete particles method Studies in Applied Mathematics 2008; 120(1): p 87 -104 434-439 27 Warren Stiver, Donald Mackay Evaporation 15 OJchansen Particle in fluid model for simulation rate of spills of hydrocarbons and petroleum mixtures ofoildrift and spread-PartkBasicconcepts.Oceartographic Environmental Science and Technology 1984; 18(11): p Center, Sintef Group, Norway 1985 834 - 840 16 Lorenzo Tomassini, Peter Reichert, Reto Knutti, Thomas F.Stoeker, Mark E.Borsuk 28 Mohammad R.Riazi, Mohsen Edalat Prediction Robust Bayesian of the rate of oil removal from seawater by evaporation and uncertainty analysis of climate system properties using dissolution Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods Journal of Climate 1996,16(4): p 291-300 2007; 20(7): p 1239-1254 29 Donald W.Marquardt An algorithm for least 17 James C.Huang, A review of the state-of-the squares estimation of non-linear parameters Journal of art of oil spill fate/behavior models Proceedings of the the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathemtics 1963; International Oil Spill Conference 1983" p 313 - 322 11(2): p 431-441 18 Fengqi You, Sven Leyffer Mixed-integer dynamic optimization for oil-spill response planning with integration I of a dynamic oil weathering model AlChe Journal 2011; 58 iullliutf-s04/2ai5 30 J.R.Bergueiro Lopez, R.Romerc March, S.Guijaro Gonzales, F.Serra Socias Simulation of oil spill at the PETROVIETNAM Casablanca platfortn (Tarragona, Spain) under different evaporation Joumal pf Petroleum Science Research env/ronmento; condilrons Journal of Maritime Research 2006; 3(1): p 55-72 (JPSR).2013;2(3):p:104-115 31 K.Aghajanloo, M.D.Pirooz, M.M.Namin Numer/ca) simulation of oti spill behavior m the Persian Gulf International Journal of Environmental Research 2013; 7(1): p 81 -96 32 Merv F.Fingas Modeling oil and petroleum 33 Drote Rasmussen Oil spill modeling-a tool for c)e£3nupoperor/ons.ProceedingsoftheOil Spill Conference, California 1985: p 243-249 34 H.TShen, RD.Yapa Oil slick transport in rivers ASCE Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 1988: 114(5): p 529 - 543 Simulation of oil weathering processes in marine environment Nguyen Quoc Trinh', Nguyen Minh Huan' Phung Dang Hieu% Nguyen Quang Vinh* 'National Centre for Hydro-IVIeteorological Forecasting, MOWfif ^University of Science, VNU ^Institute for Marine and Island Research and Management, MO 'Aero-Meteorological Observatory, MONRE Summary The paper presents the application of two dimensional numerical model to simulate the oil slick spreading using finite volume approach and an oil weathering model (OWM) to consider the mass transfer processes (such as evaporation, vertical dispersion, emulsification and dissolution) Based on the most applicable expressions In the world and comparing their results and available experimental data or analytical solutions, the authors have developed the suitable equations, using the oil depreciations as sink term in oil dynamic equation to simulate the oil weathering processes, calculate tbe spreading and evaporation processes, and estimate the emulsification rate of the oil spill Key words: Oil spill, oil weathering processes, mathematical modelling ... s1 «,E-« j T : - ^ De md phong elc q u i trinh, nhdm tac g i i gia dinh cic thong tin cd b i n v l dau va mdi trUdng xung quanh la CO sd eho viec md phong cae qua trinh phong h o l dau (Bing 2)... 4/2015 PETROVIETNAM Ket luan Mo hinh phong hda du doan hoat dpng eua v i t dau loang tren biln, 11 eP sd de tinh toan toe truyen t i i khoi luong q u i trinh phong hda quan trpng nhat: bde hOi... Tren thUe t l , md hinh phong hoa se duac ap dung de tinh ty le dau that t h o i t dong bp, p h i t trien sU on dinh ciia vet dau loang tren mat nudc Vay, mo hinh md phong nhdm t i e gia de xuat