Lựa chọn giải pháp kết cấu đỡ turbine phát điện sức gió xây dựng ở ven biển việt nam

Tieu han Ndng luong, Ky thudl cdng Irinh, Van idi vd Cdng nghe Bien LUA CHON GIAI PHAP KET CAU DOf TURBINE PHAT DIEN SlTC GIO XAY DU*NG O VEN BIEN VIET NAM Mai Hong Quan, Vu Dan Chinh Vien Xay Dung Cdng Trinh Biin, Dai hpc Xay Dung S6 55, Giai Phong, Ha Npi Email: quandhxdfa!email.com Tom tat: Turbine phdt dien nhd sue gid hay cdn ggi Id Tram Phong Dien Id mot nguon ndng lugng tdi tao dang dugc cd the giai cd Viet Nam dua vao khai thdc So vdi cdc tram phong dien tren ddl lien, cdc tram phong dien xdy dung a ngoai khai cd cdc hi the ro ret nhu sue gio manh vd dn dinh, gidm dnh hudng ve nhiem tieng on vd khdng mdt ddt Bdi bdo ndy nhdm gidi thieu cdc dang ket cdu cd the su dung cho cdc tram phong dien bien d Viet Nam A SELECTION OF OFFSHORE WIND ENERGY GENERATED TURBIN SUPPORT STRUCTURE IN COASTAL ZONE OF VIETNAM Abstract: I'Vind turbine is one of renewable energy exploited in the world including Vietnam Compare with the onshore wind turbine, the offshore have some significant advantages as the high and stable wind velocity, reduce the effecting of the noise and save the land The purpose of this paper is to introduce some type of offshore wind turbine support structure which is suitable to build in Vietnam conditions Md dau: Phdt dien nhd sue gid dang la muc tieu theo dudi ciia toan cau, co Viet Nam nham eung cap cho xa hpi mpt ngudn nang lugng tai tao tiem nang va rat it anh hudng den moi trudng song Theo nghien cuu cua WorldBank thi Viet Nam vdi bien va bd bien dai va nhieu dao la mgt quoc gia cd tiem nang Idn ve nang lugng gid Trong bang sau la mgt so dia phuong co tiem nang eung cap dien gid d Viet Nam Hot nghi Khoa hoc va Cong nghe liien loan c/uoc_i_ Bang L Tiim ndng gid Viet Nam (Sd lieu cua cue Khi tugng Thuy van 2005) ' Dia phuong Tdc gid trung binh V,b(m/s) Mat cdng suat gid (W/m^) Mat nang lugng binh quan/nam (E=kWh/m') 3,2 751,1 Dao Co To 4,4 1.317,9 Bai Chay 3,3 64,0 562 Bach Long VT 7,3 119,0 4.487,0 631,0 Pha Din Nam Dinh 3,6 72,0 van Ly 4,3 72,0 933,5 Ddng Hdi 3,9 108,6 952,0 Quy Nhon 4,1 106,6 935,0 Cam Ranh 4,2 124,3 1065,7 Bao Phu Quy 6,8 108,0 3554,2 Play Ku 3,1 69,6 610,0 Da Lat 3,0 66,2 580,0 Tan Son Nhil 3,2 56,1 492,0 886,0 Viing Tau 3,9 101,1 Phu Quoc 3,7 97,5 855,0 Rach Gia 3,2 47,7 476,0 Tru'o'ng Sa 6,3 307,1 2692,0 Sd lieu dieu tra cho thay cac vimg biin va ven bien mien trung, cac viing dao, hai dao la nhirng viing cd tidn nang dien gid ndi Irgi Nhirng tram phat dien siic gid (Turbine gid) da dugc xay dung nhiSu tren dit liSn dii it nhung vail cd nhimg anh hudng nhat djnh den mdi trucmg nhit la vd tiSng dn va chiim quy dat trgt dang ke Turbine phat dien nhd siic gid ngoai biin (Phong dien biin) la mot huong dang dugc cac nude tren the gidi phat tridn nhim tan dung van tdc gid Idn vi on dinh ngoai bien va giam tiang dn, khdng chiim dit danh cho canh tac Day eung lii huong phat trien tSt yeu cua Viet Nam tuong lai gin Tieu ban Nang luang Kv thudl cdng trinh Van tai vd Cdng nghe Bien •Roto- Canh quat Try tren Try tren Hinh 1: Cdu tao cdng trinh phong dien bien Cdu tao cdng trinh phong dien gom cdc phan: - Turbine: Gdm eanh quat, phan than rotor (Hub) Dp Idn cua canh quat va dp cao dat hub phu thuoc vao cong suat thiet ke, dieu kien gio tai vi tri xay dung Cdng suat phat dien cang Idn thi dudng kinh canh quat va cao dat turbine cang Idn Vi du turbine cdng suat 4.5MW ed dudng kinh canh quat D=l 12m, turbine 5MW D=126m - Ket can try tren: Phan ket cau noi giira Turbine vdi phan tru dudi tinh tir san cong tac Ket e^u tru trSn thudng la tru thep dng dudng kinh Idn Ket cau dang khung rong eung cd the dugc su dung - Ket can tru dudi: Ld phan ket cau dugc tinh tir san cong tac den mong, tru dudi co the coi la ket cau edng trinh bien loai nho Tiiy sau nude va cdng suat thiet ke vd dilu kien cu the tai nai xay dung ma lira ehpn sir dung ket eau be tdng hay ket eau thep, kit cau monopile, tripods hay jacket Q nhimg viing nude sau cd the sir dung ket cau dang noi cd neo - Ket cau mong: Cd loai mong chinh dugc sir dung cho cdng trinh phong dien biin la mong ndng trgng lire, mdng cgc va mong gieng lldi nghi Klioa hpc va t^oiig nghe Dien luuii t/» - Cac bo phan phu tro': Gia cap tau, ciu lliang, san cdng tac va san bay la cac bd plij phi, lig gin vdi edng trinh phuc vu cdng tac van hanh, bao tri, bao dudng, sira chiia Gioi thieu cac giai phap kef eau cho phong dien bicn phii hop vol dieu kicn Vict Nam: 2.1 Kel cdu Monopile: Monopile la kdt cau dang don gian nhat dugc ap dung thuc lien Mgt dng then Vila lam tru dd phan dudi vita lam mdng cgc cho cdng trinh Tru trdn va tru dudi dugc lien ket true liap bang han hoac thdng qua mgt kdt can chuyan tiap lian kcl bang tram xi maiif cudng dp cao Do cimg eiia dng thep ciing nhu sau eua cgc phai dugc thiet ki dii cim da chiu tai Irong ngang ciia cdng Irinh Ong thep cd dudng kinh cd the den 6m hoac loi hon va dd day dan 150mni Monopile la kel cau dugc diing nhiiu nhit nhiing viioj nude ndng d50m thi cac ket cau ed dinh ddi hdi chi phi lorn hon, nguoi ta cd the sir dung cac cdng trinh ndi cd neo dang nhu TLP, Semi-Sub, va Spar nhu hinh Hinh sau; Hinh 4: ket cdu kieu Jacket, Ket cau luc, Ket cdu noi co neo Tinh toin thiet ke tru dv phong dien biin 3.1 Tieu chuan thiet ki tram phong llfn bien: Hien mdi tieu chuan thiit ka cho cac tram phong dien chii yau la ap drag tieu chuin DnV DNV-OS-JIOI (2004), Design of Offshore Wind Turbine Shnctures, DNV, Denmark, 2004 3.2 Tai trgng tdc dgng len cong trinh: Tai h'gng tac dgng len cdng trinh gdm cac tai trgng, Tai ttgng ban than cdng hinh, Tai trgng gio, Tai trgng Sdng cdng Ddng chay, tai trgng dgng dat Hdi nghi Khoa hoc va Cong nglie men lou" '7'';!!.: Tai trgng gid tac ddng len phin canh quat lub, va kdt ciu tru nhd khdi mat nude, tie gid vugt qua 25m/s thi he thing phai ngirng boat ddng, vi \ a> linh toan can ] chia Ihanh cac trudng hgp cue ban va cac trudng hop van hanh Tai trgng gid tdc dung phin canh quat quay dugc xac dinh bang ly thuyai dia hicu dung Tai trpng sdng va ddng chay tac dung len kit cau xac djnh bang cdng Ihiic Mori hoac ly Ihuyil nhicu xa luu y hicn lugng sdng vd Irong viing nude ndng 3.3 Phuong phdp linh, md hinh tinh vdphiin mem tinh loan: - Phuong phap tinh: Sit dung phuong phap phin tir hiiru tinh cho cac bai loan lira hoac bai loan ddng - Md hinh linh kit ciu: kit ciu dugc roi rac hda he lien kat vdi tai i - Md hinh cgc va dit: Cd Ihi sir dung cac md hinh sau: Mo hinh ngam gia dinh, mo coc tuong duong hoac md hinh cpc lam vice ddng thdi vdi dat md ta bang cac dudng c quan he giira phan luc len cpc va chuydn vi ciia dat P-Y, T-Z,Q-Z - Phin mem tinh loan: Hicn cd nhidu phan mem tinh dugc cac cdng Irinh bidn r SAP2000, SACS ANSYS STAAD Pro, 3.4 Mgt so bdi todn cdn tinh todn ket cau dudi Idc ddng cua cdc tdi trgng: Kat cau cac tram phong dien bian cd dp manh Idn vi vay hieu img cac tai trpng d la dang ka vi vay nen linh loan kat cau theo md hinh bai loan ddng - Bai loan ddng lian dinh: Khi sdng, gid dugc md la lien djnh - Bai loan ddng ngau nhicn: Khi sdng, gid dugc md ta ngau nhicn - Tinh toan kidm tra ban eiia ket cau phan tru va mdng - Tilth loan kiem tra mdi tai cac niit - Tinh loan kiem Ira nen mdng - Tinh loan cac bai loan phuc vu thi cdng Iran bd va ngoai biin Vi du thiet ki mot tram phong difn biin tai Vict Nam - So lieu dau vao: Cdng suat thiit ki 3MW, dai canh quat 45m dat d dp cao 73m so vdi mat nude biin, dp sau nude 30m - Sd lieu tugng hai van: Sd lieu gid theo cac hudng, chiau cao song, chu ky sdng ddng chay cac phia Diau kien dia tang, dia chit - Giai phap ket can lua chgn: Kit ciu Tripods mdng cgc - Kat qua thiet ka kat cau nhu sau: •Tdng chieu cao: 103m •Tru trdn: 60m, D=5-3m, l=50mm •Tru dudi: 43m, D=5-3m, t=50mm •Cac chdng: D=I 4m, t=23mm •Cpc:-D= 1.4m, t=20-50mm ddng sau sau SOm - Kat qua tinh loan kiem Ira: •Dao ddng rieng TI=2.06sec •Luc diu cgc Idn nhil P= 845T , ', li ) ;-' ,'^- ''^^^:>^ ^'^'' I ""=»x 11 I k ^'"^ ^' Turbine phdt dien 3k Tieu han Nang lugng Ky ihudt cdng trinh Van tdi vd Cdng nghe Bien S Ket luan: - Cac sd lieu thdng kc vc sue gio vd ude tinh cua Worldbank d nude ta eho thay tiem nang dien gio d Viet Nam co the dat din 531GW/h, dac biet d cac viing bien, va dao nhu Trudng Sa Viing Tau, Quy Nhan Vict Nam la mpt nhiing nude co nganh cong nghiep ddu phat trien manh, cdc ca sd ve tang, ky thudl, nhan su va kinh nghiem rat day dii de xay dung hau het cac loai kcl cau nhu da neu d tren, dae biet la kit cdu thep - De dap ung duge nhu cau phuc vu phat trien cua dat nude va bao ve moi trudng sdng thi gidi phdp phat dien sire gio la giai phap chien luge Hien tai cae du an phong dien tren dat lien nhu Tuy Phong, Phuang Mai d Binh Thuan da dugc trien khai, phong dien bien eo nhicu uu the vc hicu qua phat dien va giam anh hudng nhiem ehac chan se la giai phap cua tuang lai gan d Viet Nam TAI LIEU THAM KHAO BTM Consult ApS (2005) Lnternational Wind Energy Development, World Market update 200-1, Forecast 2005-2009 IC Christensens Alle 1, DK695O,Ringk0bing, Denmark Kijhn, M (2001) Dynamics and Design Optimisation of Offshore Wind Energy Conversion Systems Institute for Wind Energy, Delft University of Technology,ISBN 9076468-07-9 DNV (2004) Design of offshore wind turbine structures Det Norske Veritas, DNV-OSJlOl DS472 (1992) Code of practice for loads and safety of wind turbine constructions Danish Society of Engineers and the Federation of Engineers Tempcl, J van der (2000) Lifetime Fatigue of an Offshore wind Turbine Support Structure Section Offshore Teclmology & Section Wind Energy, Delft, University of Technology ... kinh canh quat va cao dat turbine cang Idn Vi du turbine cdng suat 4.5MW ed dudng kinh canh quat D=l 12m, turbine 5MW D=126m - Ket can try tren: Phan ket cau noi giira Turbine vdi phan tru dudi... dieu tra cho thay cac vimg biin va ven bien mien trung, cac viing dao, hai dao la nhirng viing cd tidn nang dien gid ndi Irgi Nhirng tram phat dien siic gid (Turbine gid) da dugc xay dung nhiSu... c/uoc_i_ Bang L Tiim ndng gid Viet Nam (Sd lieu cua cue Khi tugng Thuy van 2005) '' Dia phuong Tdc gid trung binh V,b(m/s) Mat cdng suat gid (W/m^) Mat nang lugng binh quan /nam (E=kWh/m'') 3,2 751,1 Dao