Hgi nghi Khoa hgc ky niem 35 ndm Vien Khoa hgc vd Cong nghe Viet Nam Hd Ngi 10/2010 NGHIEN Ciru QUY TRINH THU NHAN POLYSACARIT (AGAR AGAROSE VA CARRAGEENAN) TlT RONG DO VIET NAM STUDY ON TECHNOLOGY FO[.]
Hgi nghi Khoa hgc ky niem 35 ndm Vien Khoa hgc vd Cong nghe Viet Nam - Hd Ngi 10/2010 NGHIEN Ciru QUY TRINH THU NHAN POLYSACARIT (AGAR-AGAROSE VA CARRAGEENAN) TlT RONG DO VIET NAM STUDY ON TECHNOLOGY FOR PRODUCTION POLYSACCHARIDES (AGAR AND CARRAGEENAN) FROM VIETNAMESE RED SEAWEEDS Tran Thi Thanh Van, Vo Mai Nhtf Hieu, Cao Thi Thiiy Hing, Pham Dire Thinh, Dang Xuan Cutmg va Biii Minh Ly Vien nghien cim va Ung dung Cdng nghe Nha Trang 2A Himg Vuong - Nha Trang Email: tranthanhvan(^nitra.ac.vn Tom tat: Hai lodi rong dd Viet Nam Gracilariopsis bailine, Kappaphycus alvarezii Id ngudn keo rong agar yd carrageenan Trong bdi bdo ndy da nghiin cuu dnh huang ciia qud trinh tiin xir /y va chiit polysacarit len tinh chdt hda ly cua chiing Kit qud thu dugc nhu sau: diiu kiin tdi uu de nhgn dugc agar cd sgch vd chdt lugng cao tir lodi rong G bailine Id xir ly vai canxi oxyt 2yo tgi nhiet I10°C thai gign gia diiu kiin tdi uu di thu dugc carrageenan tir lodi rong K alvarezii la xir ly vai kali hydroxyt tgi nhiet 50°C gia Tir kit qud tren, chung tdi dua quy trinh thu nhdn polysacarit (agar vd carrageenan) tir rong dd Viet Nam Abstract: Vietnamese red seaweeds Gracilariopsis bailine, Kappaphycus alvarezii are the sources of two hydrocolloids: agar and carrageenan In this paper, the effect of pre-extraction treatment and extraction of polysaccharides on their physical properties were investigated The obtained results showed that the optimum conditions of agar from G bailinea for purled high agar were pretreatment with 2% Calcium oxyde solution at IIO°Cfor hours while the optimum conditions of carrageenan from K alvarezii were treatment with 1% Kalium hydroxyde solution at 50°Cfor hour From date this; we have improved the techologies for production polysacharide (agar and carrageenan) from Vietnamese red seaweed Mff dau Rong la ngudn nguyen lieu de san xuat agar va carrageenan Chiing la mot loai keo polysacarit dugc sir dung rdng rai cac nganh cdng nghe thue phim, dugc phim, sinh hoc nhd cd kha nang tao nhdt cao va tao gel Trong sd nhiing loai rong Dd tai Viet Nam cd the nudi trdng vdi trir lugng Idn dugc sir dung dk san xuit agar va carrageenan la Gracilariopsis baUine, Kappaphycus alvarezii [1] Trong dd rong G.bailine dk san xuit agar va K alvarezii de san xuat carrageenan Ca 02 loai rong dugc nudi tring tai viing biin Nam Trung bd va san lugng cd thi de dang tang nlu nhu dien tich nudi trdng dugc tang len [2] Tuy nhien, hien lugng Idn loai rong dugc xuit khiu dudi dang nguyen lieu thd Vi vay de dua quy trinh cdng nghe san xuit agar va carrageenan thich hgp vdi rong Gbailine vo K alvarezii, bai bao chiing tdi da nghien cim anh hudng cua qua trinh tiln xir ly va chiet polysacarit len tinh chit hda ly cua chiing Tir dd dua quy trinh thu nhan polysacarit (agar va carrageenan) tir rong dd Viet Nam 235 Tiiu ban: Khoa hgc cong nghe Biin ISBN: 978-604-913-015-1 Thue nghiem Thu thap mau rong: Mau rong G.bailinea dugc thu thap tai Ganh Dd - Phu Yen vao thang nam 2009 va mlu rong K.alvarezii thu thap tai Ninh Thuan vao thang nam 2009 Mau rong biin sau thu thap vl dugc djnh danh bdi TS Le Nhu Hau - Phdng Vat lieu hiiu CO tir tai nguyen biin - Vien Nghien ciiu va Ung dung Cdng nghe Nha Trang, sau dd dugc rira sach rae, cat, miin bing nude ngot dem phoi khd d nhiet 40°C va cho vao bao vai cho vao kho diing de nghien ciiu Xu ly kiem rong G.bailine; 200 g rong khd dugc xir ly bang dung djch CaO vdi ndng tir 2%, d nhiet tir 85-115°C, thdi gian xir ly 3-6h, ty le rong/ nude la 1: 12(w/w) Sau xir ly kilm dung djch dugc dd di, rong dugc ngam rira bing nude ngot khoang 2h den pH=7 Xir ly Idem rong K.alvarezii - Xir ly dung djch chilt: lit djch chilt carrageenan sau chiet tu nhien (khdng qua xir ly rong bing KOH) dugc xir ly bing KOH cho nong dg dat \% (tinh theo chat khd), tai nhiet 20 va 50°C, sau dd trung hda bing H2SO4 dam dac den pH=7 - Xu ly rong: 200 g rong khd dugc xir ly bing dung djch KOH vdi ndng 1%, d nhiet tir 20, 50 va 70°C , thdi gian xir ly l-2h, ty le rong/nude la 1: 12(w/w) Sau xir ly kilm dung djch dugc dd di, rong dugc ngam rira bang nude nggt khoang 2h den pH=7 Chiet agar: theo quy trinh ciia B.M.Ly va CS [3] Chiet carrgeenan: Rong sau xir ly kiem dem chiet carrageenan theo quy trinh ciia Tsai A G Va CS [4] Xac dinh tinh chat hoa ly ciia polysacarit tren may - Sire ddng, nhdt, nhiet tao gel va tan gel ciia dung djch agar \% va dung djch carragenan 2% dugc tren may Rheo Meter model CR-500DX - Ham lugng tro va sulfat xac djnh theo phuang phap AOAC [5] Ket qua va thao luan Quy trinh cdng nghe san xuat cac loai keo rong bien nhu agar va carrgeenan thudng cd 03 giai doan chinh sau: Xir ly nguyen lieu, Chiet polysacarit, Lam sach va thu nhan san pham [6] Tuy nhien tiiy theo nguyen lieu rong bien khac ma cac dieu kien thirc nghiem timg giai doan la khac Muc dich ciia giai doan xir ly kiem ddi vdi rong dd, la loai nhdm sulfat de thirc hien phan ling ddng vdng 3,6 anhydrogalactose va cudi ciing la tang chat lugng san pham polysacarit thdng qua tang siic ddng ciia chung [6] Tuy nhien qua trinh thudng kem theo giam hieu suat chiet va tang ham lugng tro ciia san pham Vi vay de danh gia dieu kien xir ly kiem tdi uu, chiing tdi tien hanh khao sat anh hudng ciia dieu kien xir ly kiem nen tro, sulfat va tinh chat hda ly ciia chung Anh hu-oTig cua dieu kien xu ly kiem (CaO) len tinh chat hoa ly cua agar chiet tir rong G.bailinea Giai doan xir ly kilm san xuit agar thudng sir dung tac nhan la NaOH, KOH nlng tir 1-10%) va nhiet tir 60-80°C [7,8] Khd khan g^p phai xir ly kilm la ddi hdi thiet bj chju kiem cao va phai xir ly nude thai kiem De khac phuc dieu nay, chiing tdi dimg CaO de xir ly kiem va kit qua nghien cim dugc trinh bay tren bang 236 Hgi nghi Khoa hgc ky niem 35 ndm Vien Khoa hgc vd Cong nghe Viet Nam - Hd Ngi 10/2010 Bdng Anh huang ciia thai gian vd nhiet xir ly din tinh chdt hda ly ciia agar chiit tir rong G bailinea Dieu kien xir ly (Thoi gian, nhiet do) Hieu suat Hoa hoc Do am (%) Tro (g/lOOg san pham) Sulfat (g/lOOg san pham) Agarose (g/lOOg san pham) (%) Sire dong (g/cm') Igid, 95°C 14,0 2,1 0,90 0,7 63,3 500 2gid, 95°C 14,0 2,7 0,84 0,6 66,0 570 3gid, 95°C 13,8 5,5 0,78 0,6 66,5 660 Igid, 100°C 13,8 3,9 0,75 0,6 67,1 550 2gid, 100°C 13,4 5,9 0,83 0,6 67,3 540 gid, 100°C 13,2 3,1 0,85 0,6 68,2 650 4gid, 100°C 13,7 1,9 0,96 0,4 66,0 650 5gid, 100°C 13,4 1,9 1,0 0,4 64,3 660 Igid, 110°C 12,4 1,6 1,0 0,6 74,2 780 2gid, 110°C 12,4 1,0 0,70 0,3 80,1 910 gid, 110°C 12,3 1,0 0,9 0,3 89,5 890 Igid, 120°C 11,2 1,4 0,6 0,3 75,4 870 2gid, 120°C 10,0 2,4 0,6 0,3 72,0 880 Ket qua bang cho thay tang nhiet va thdi gian xir ly kiem thi hieu suat chiet thu hdi agar, ham lugng tro, ham lugng sulfat san pham deu giam dan, ham lugng agarose va siic ddng thi tang dan len cao nhat tai dieu kien xir ly 110°C gid va sau dd giam dan Chat lugng cua agar dugc danh gia qua cac thdng sd ve phan hda hoc va sire ddng ciia gel agar Nhu vay, theo sd lieu bang thi de thu dugc agar chat lugng tdt nhat dieu kien xir ly va chiet la: ndng Cao 2%, nhiet 110°C va thdi gian xir ly la gid Tir ket qua thu dugc tren chiing tdi dua quy trinh thu nhan agar tir rong G.bailinea tren hinh >.x kien xu ly kiem (KOH) Ien tinh chat hoa ly cua carrageenan Anh htfOTig cua dieu chiet tir rong k.alvarezii Bdng Anh hucmg ciia diiu kiin xir ly kiim len tinh chdt hda ly ciia carrgeenan chiet tir rong k alvarezii Dieu kien xir ly Hieu suat (%) Hoa hoc Tro (g/lOOg san pham) Sulfat (g/lOOg san pham) Nhiet (V) Su-c dong (g/cm') Tao gel Tan gel 825 34 58 Xir ly dung djch chilt 20°C , gid 39,8 23,4 12,0 237 Tiiu ban: Khoa hgc cong nghe Bien ISBN: 978-604-913-015-1 20°C , gid 40,0 23,6 11,3 950 36 59 50°C, gid 39,5 24,0 12,0 830 34 60,5 50°C, gid 39,8 24,2 11,5 850 35 60.0 70°C, gid 40,0 23,6 13,2 800 34,0 58,0 Xir ly rong 20°C , gid 27,1 20,1 19.8 500 37,0 74.0 20°C , gid 27,8 20,4 19,0 550 37,0 75,0 50°C , gid 26,8 20,3 18.7 600 38,0 74,5 Khac vdi quy trinh xir ly kiem thdng thudng, dd la xir ly nguyen lieu rong ban dau, bao cao chiing tdi tien hanh xir ly ca 02 giai doan (xir ly rong va xir ly dung djch chiet) va so sanh ket qua ciia 02 qua trinh thdng qua cac thdng sd ve chat lugng san pham nhu: siic ddng, tro, sulfat Ket qua nghien cim dugc trinh bay tren bang Nguyen lieu Dung djch CaO 2% T=2 gio, 1^=110"C Xu ly kiem Lanl: 115"C,t=6gio Rong: Nude =1:12 (w/w) Nau chiet Loc Tao gel Lan 2: 115 °C, t=4,5 gio Rong: Nu6c=l:6 (w/w), CaO= 4%, Lan 3: 115 "C, t=2,5 gio Rong: nuffc=l:2,5 (w/w), CaO= % Tach nuoc Say Agar pham Hinh I: Quy trinh thu nhdn agar tir rong G bailinea 238 Hgi nghi Khoa hgc ky niem 35 ndm Vien Khoa hgc vd Cong nghe Viet Nam - Hd Ngi 10/2010 Nguyen lieu ir Nau chiet, t=85 "C, t=3 gid Rong: nude =l:40(w/w) KOH = 1% chat kho t= gid t=50°C y Loc Tao gel Say Tach niro'c - _ - • ^ w Carrageenan pham Hinh 2: Quy trinh thu nhgn carrageenan tir rong K.alvarezii Sd lieu bang cho thay qua trinh xir ly kiem dung djch chiet cd hieu suat chiet va siic ddng, tro cao hon qua trinh xir ly kiem tir rong nhu vay chat lugng carrageenan thu dugc cd chat lugng tdt hon Tuy nhien mot khd khan ap dung quy trinh xir ly dung djch chiet dd la nhiet tan gel khoang 60°C, vi vay sau xir ly dung djch tao gel va de trung hda bat budc phai hda tan gel lai mot lan niia De ap dung quy trinh nay, ap dung quy trinh xir ly kiem rong nguyen lieu bat budc them 01 giai doan xir ly kiem Nhu vay de thu dugc carrageenan chat lugng cao chiing tdi chon quy trinh xir ly kiem dung djch chiet carrageenan va dua quy trinh thu nhan carrageenan tir rong K.alvarezii tren hinh Ket luan - Trong bai bao nay, chiing tdi khao sat dugc qui trinh xir ly rong chiet agar bang CaO vdi chat lugng tuong ddi tdt Dieu lam giam ehi phi cdng nghe san xuat agar - Dua qui trinh xir ly dung djch chiet carrageenan khdng qua giai doan xir ly rong nguyen lieu Ket qua la chat lugng carrageenan tdt, giam chi phi qua trinh xir ly Loi cam on Chiing tdi xin chan cam on Chuang trinh Nghj djnh thu Viet Nam - Lien bang Nga da hd trg kinh phi de thue hien bao cao TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Critchley AT, Gracilaria (Rhodophyta, Gracilariales); An economically important agarophyte In Ohno M, Critchley AT (Eds), Seaweed Cultivation and Marine Ranching JICA, Japan: 89-112, 1993 Huynh Quang Nang, Nguyen Hiru Dinh va Tran Kha Kit qud nghien ciru di trdng rong Sun Kappaphycus alvarezii vdo vimg biin Viet nam BC Hdi nghj Khoa hoc Bien toan qude lin IV: 942-947 NXB Thing ke Ha Ndi, 1999 Biii Minh Ly, Pham Diic Thjnh, Vd Mai Nhu Hiiu va Trin Thj Thanh Van, Anh huang cua diiu kien xir ly kiim len agar chiit tir lodi rong Gracilariopsis bailinea, Tuyen tap Hdi nghj Khoa hoc Toan quie vl Sinh hoe biin va phat triln bin vung, ISBN 978-604-913-007-6, Hai phdng 11-2009, 613-620,2009 239 Tiiu ban: Khoa hgc cong nghe Bien ISBN: 978-604-913-015-1 Tsai A G Ledwith, L K., Kopesky R et al Production of carrageenan and carrageenan products US pat 479 649 Bl, Nov 12/2002 AOAC, Official methods of analysis of AOAC International, (16 th Ed), Gaithersburg, USA 1996 McHugh DJ A guide to the seaweed industry FAO Fish, Tech Pap 441:105, 2003 Y FreilePelegrm, D Robledo, Influence of alkali treatment on agar from Gracilaria cornea from Yucatan Mexico, J Appl Phyeol., 9: 533-539, 1997 Dora Luz Arvizu-Higuera Y Elizabeth Rodriguez-Montesinos, Effect of alkali treatment time and extraction time on agar from Gracilaria vermiculophylla, J Appl Phyeol, 20:515-519, 2008 240 ... 978-604-913-015-1 Thue nghiem Thu thap mau rong: Mau rong G.bailinea dugc thu thap tai Ganh Dd - Phu Yen vao thang nam 2009 va mlu rong K.alvarezii thu thap tai Ninh Thuan vao thang nam 2009 Mau rong biin... qua va thao luan Quy trinh cdng nghe san xuat cac loai keo rong bien nhu agar va carrgeenan thudng cd 03 giai doan chinh sau: Xir ly nguyen lieu, Chiet polysacarit, Lam sach va thu nhan san pham... de thu dugc agar chat lugng tdt nhat dieu kien xir ly va chiet la: ndng Cao 2%, nhiet 110°C va thdi gian xir ly la gid Tir ket qua thu dugc tren chiing tdi dua quy trinh thu nhan agar tir rong