The study of optimizing power system performation by using optimal FACTS devices.pdf

学校代号 学 号 10532 分类号 密 级 LB2011001 公开 博士学位论文 采用柔性交流输电设备（FACTS）最优 配置优化电力系统性能的研究 (英文版) 学位申请人姓名 DUONG THANH LONG 导师姓名及职称 姚建刚 教授 培 养 单 位 电气与信息工程学院 学 科 专 业 电气工程 研 究 方 向 电力系统和电力市场 论文提交日期 2014 年 月 学校代号：10532 学 号：LB2011001 密 级： 湖南大学博士学位论文 采用柔性交流输电设备（FACTS）最 优配置优化电力系统性能的研究 学位申请人姓名： DUONG THANH LONG 导师姓名及职称： 姚建刚 教授 培 养 单 位： 电气与信息工程学院 专 业 名 称： 电气工程 论 文 提 交 日 期： 2014 年 月 论 文 答 辩 日 期： 2014 年 月 日 答辩委员会主席： 曹一家 教授 The Study of Optimizing Power System Performance by Using Optimal FACTS Devices By DUONG THANH LONG B.E (University of Technical Education Hochiminh City, Vietnam) 2003 M.E (University of Technical Education Hochiminh City, Vietnam) 2005 A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the Requirements for the degree of Doctor of Engineering In Electrical Engineering In the Graduate School Of Hunan University Supervisor Professor YAO JIAN GANG April 2014 位论文原创性声明和学位论文版权使用授权书 湖南大学 学位论文原创性声明 本人郑重声明：所呈交的论文是本人在导师的指导下独立进行研究所取得 的研究成果。除了文中特别加以标注引用的内容外，本论文不包含任何其他个 人或集体已经发表或撰写的成果作品。对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集 体，均已在文中以明确方式标明。本人完全意识到本声明的法律后果由本人承 担。 作者签名： 日期： 年 月 日 学位论文版权使用授权书 本学位论文作者完全了解学校有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意学校保 留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和电子版，允许论文被查阅和借 阅。本人授权湖南大学可以将本学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进 行检索，可以采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编本学位论文。 本学位论文属于 1、保密□，在 年解密后适用本授权书。 2、不保密□。 （请在以上相应方框内打“√”） 作者签名： 日期： 年 月 日 导师签名： 日期： 年 月 I 日 Doctoral Dissertation 摘要 本文研究基于这样一个事实，就是由于输电系统的扩展无法与日益增长的 输电服务相协调而造成了目前电力系统的过载严重问题日益凸显。之所以造成 这样的问题是由于环境和经济的因素导致建造新的传输线路是困难的。因此， 通过研究提高当前电力系统的输电能力来满足日益增长的电力需求以确保电力 系统的安全运行是一个亟待解决的问题。 潮流控制设备比如柔性交流输电设备(FACTS)对时下电网新的运行方式挑 战提供了解决方案。特别的，晶闸管控制的串联补偿设备（TCSC）是一种被选 来研究的很有效的FACTS。TCSC通过改变输电线路参数来控制网络潮流。TCSC对 网络的影响可以看成是在相关的输电线中嵌入一个可控的电抗。串联电容补偿 通过抵消感抗部分减少传输线的等效串联阻抗。因而提高了功率传输能力。这 样在不用重新安排发电计划和改变网络拓扑结构的情况下，通过控制潮流可极 大提高系统的性能。而且这样也不会超越导线的热容量的限制同时提高了电力 系统的稳定边界。为了通过采用这些设备而获得最大的效益，需要一个有效的 控制方式。在研究调查柔性交流输电设备 (FACTS) 的大量应用情况后，可知针 对不同目的的有效控制依赖于控制装置的安装位置。因此，运行人员面临这样 一个问题就是在什么位置安装FACTS设备能达到期望的目标。目前已有大量研究 在于通过FACTS设备的最优配置来改善现有电力系统性能，但对如何缩减最优安 装位置的搜索范围显得无能为力。基于此，本文重点研究了如何使用和选择柔 性交流输电(TCSC)设备的最优安装位置来优化电力系统性能。提出了一种用于 确定晶闸管控制的串联补偿设备（TCSC）最优位置的最小切割算法（Min-cut algorithm）。一旦TCSC设备的安装位置确定了，为其寻求最佳参数的最优化问 题就可以得到相应的解决。该方法可以寻找出系统中最需要安装设备的配置 点，从而帮助调度人员以一种更加安全和高效的方式进行调度。采用本文方法 大大减少了待选位置，从而大大减少了为提高电力系统性能而需要运行人员实 际调查才能确定TCSC配置点的工作量。 II The Study of Optimizing Power System Performance by Using Optimal Location of FACTS Devices 本文的研究重点是通过TCSC设备的最优配置点的选择及其最优参数的确定 来优化电力系统性能。本文尤其能够通过解决电力系统阻塞来提高电力系统的 传输能力和考虑了电力系统静态稳定与暂态稳定约束下的电力系统性能。本文 所提到的电力系统性能通过对解决安全约束最优潮流问题，全面提高电力系统 传输能力，阻塞管理和最大负荷承载能力等四个问题来进行衡量评价。仿真结 果表明在TCSC设备优化配置后，大大提高了电力系统性能 关键词：柔性交流输电（FACTS），可控串联补偿器（TCSC），最小切割算法（Mincut algorithm），最优化，电力系统，电力市场 III Doctoral Dissertation Abstract This research stems from the fact that today’s power systems are heavy stressed due to expansion in the transmission network have not kept pace with the increasing demand for transmission services because building of new lines is difficult for environmental as well as political reasons Hence, enhancement the transfer capability of existing power networks to satisfy the increased power demand and ensure its secure operation has become an important issue for the Independent System Operator in the new electricity markets Power Flow Control devices such as Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) provide the technical solutions to address the new operating challenges being presented today Especially, Thyristor-Controlled Series Compensator (TCSC), which is one of the most effective FACTS devices, can control the power flows in the network by changing transmission lines parameters The effect of TCSC on the network can be seen as a controllable reactance inserted in the related transmission line Series capacitive compensation works by reducing the effective series impedance of the transmission line by canceling part of the inductive reactance Hence the power transferred is increased In this way, the system performance can be considerably improved by controlling the power flows without generation rescheduling or topological changes Furthermore, the thermal limits are not violated and the stability margin is increased In order to obtain benefits from these devices, an appropriate control is necessary Studies that investigate the deployment of FACTS are indicated that the effectiveness of the controls for different purposes mainly depends on the location of control device Therefore, Operators are facing the problem of where FACTS should be installed in order to achieve require goal? Many studies have been proposed for improving existing power networks via optimal location of FACTS devices, these however studies are not able to limit search space From the viewpoint, this thesis focuses on look at the problem of how to place and use the TCSC devices optimally to enhance of power system performance A MinCut algorithm is proposed in this thesis to determine proper location of TCSC Once the locations are determined, an optimization problem of finding the best settings for the installed TCSC is formulated and solved The proposed method can identify the weakest location of the system and therefore helps the System Operators to operate the system in a more secure and sufficient way With this method search space and the number of branches which need to be investigated to determine the position of TCSC for optimizing of power system performance will be significantly decreased The focus of this work is to optimize power system performance by the optimal IV The Study of Optimizing Power System Performance by Using Optimal Location of FACTS Devices placement of TCSC devices and their settings Particularly, it is intended to improve the power system transfer capability by resolving congestions, and the performance of the power system considering steady state operating condition as well as the system subjected to small disturbances The power system performance in this thesis is evaluated via solution problem concern in Security Constrained Optimal Power Flow, Enhancing Total Transfer Capability of Power System, Transmission Congestion Management and Maximum Loadability Simulation results throughout this research show a significant improvement of the power system performance after the TCSC devices is optimized Keywords: FACTS, TCSC, Min Cut Algorithm, Optimization, Power System, Electricity Market V Doctoral Dissertation Table of Contents 位论文原创性声明和学位论文版权使用授权书 I 摘要 II Abstract .IV Table of Contents VI List of figures X List of tables XII List of symbols and acronyms XV CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 1.1 Problem statement 1.2 Aims of the research 1.3 Contributions 1.4 Literature review 1.4.1 Current methods for solving the FACTS allocation problem 1.4.1.1 Classical optimization methods 1.4.1.2 Methods based on technical criteria - Sensitivity analysis - Modal analysis 1.4.1.3 Evolutionary computation techniques 1.5 Contents of the thesis CHAPTER TRANSMISSION CONGESTION, FACTS DEVICES AND MIN CUT ALGORITHM 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Transmission Congestion 10 2.3 An Overview of FACTS 11 2.4 Thyristor-Controlled Series Compensator (TCSC) 13 2.4.1 Definition 13 2.4.2 Structure and operation 13 2.4.3 Static modeling of TCSC 15 2.5 Optimal Power Flow in Electricity Market 16 2.6 Min – Cut Algorithm 17 2.6.1 Max-Flow/Min-Cut-Theorem 17 2.6.2 Modeling power network using Min cut algorithm 18 VI ... system performance will be significantly decreased The focus of this work is to optimize power system performance by the optimal IV The Study of Optimizing Power System Performance by Using Optimal. .. Figure B.1: The 5-bus system 102 X The Study of Optimizing Power System Performance by Using Optimal Location of FACTS Devices List of Tables Table 3.1: Optimal generation profile for... VI The Study of Optimizing Power System Performance by Using Optimal Location of FACTS Devices CHAPTER SECURED OPTIMAL POWER FLOW UNDER NORMAL AND NETWORK CONTIGENCIES VIA OPTIMAL LOCATION OF