Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe mo UNG DUNG BIEN TAN TRONG HE THONG DIEU KHIEN QUAT GIO cua M i a may rVhiet dien Cao ]\gan At present, the circulating fluldlzed bed technology (CFB) with the steam capac[.]
Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o UNG DUNG BIEN TAN TRONG HE THONG DIEU KHIEN QUAT GIO c u a M i a m a y rVhiet dien Cao ]\gan At present, the circulating fluldlzed bed technology (CFB) with the steam capacity of 220 tons/hour designed by ALSTOM Company (Germany) has been installed at Cao Ngan thermal power plant by Chinese contractor HPE Not only coal, a great deal of electrical energy has been used as the main fuel for steam turbines The paper Introduces the capability for the application of the frequency transformer to the control works of the fan system at Cao Ngan thermal power company Nhl mIy Nhipt dipn Cao Ngpn dIt than bang cdng nghp ting sdi tuIn holn CFB, vdi cdng suit hai 220 tin/gid hIng ALSTOM cua Ou-c thilt k l c h l tpo v l nhl thIu Trung QuIc HPE lap d|t Nhl mIy cd t l mIy cdng suit djnh mCpc 115 MW v l cdng suit tli da cd t h i dpt ThS VU THt NAM KS CAO ANH TUAN KS PHAM THANH LIEM Vlfn Khoa hgc Cdng ngh^ Md - Vinacomin du-ac 128 MW, du-ac du-a vIo v|n hinh thu-ang mpi tu- nIm 2006 vdi sin lu-ang dipn hda vIo lu-di dipn QuIc gia khoang 750 tripu kWh/nlm Ngoli nhien lipu tieu thy I I than v l d l vdi d l khu- lu-u huynh qui trinh dIt than, Nhl mIy cdn su- dyng mpt lu-ang Idn di$n ning de vpn hinh hp thing tuabin hai chpy mIy phIt dipn Theo thilt k l , dipn ty dung cua Nhl mIy ehilm han 10% ting cdng suit phIt (tli RO) VI vpy, d l su- dyng dipn tilt kipm v l hi$u qui, Vipn KHCN Md d l nghien cu-u d l xult d c gili phlp u-ng dyng biln tin h# thing qupt gid eua Hdi nude ip suSft •4 Bing Thdng s6 ca bin h^ thing qu^t gid cip 1, vi quft khdi KHCNM s d 10/2011* CO DI$N - T ^ D O N G HOA Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe m o Nhl mIy Hien trpng hp thing quat gid Cong ty Nhiet dien Cao Ngan Sa nguyen ly Id hai ting sdi tuIn holn v l vj tri qupt gid hp thing tpi Cdng ty Nhipt dipn Cao Ngpn du-p-c md t l tren hinh Thdng s l ca ban he thing qupt Id hai t h i hien blng Quqtt gio cap (PA- qu^t gio chinh) ddng vai trd quan trpng q u i trinh llm viec eua Id hai Phin Idn lu-p-ng gid d p cd nhipm vy tao ting sdi tuIn holn cho Id hai, nhien lipu I I than se du-ac qupt nly thIi blng binh Id (tpo ting) d l nhien lipu than du-p-c chly thInh Idp Ben cpnh dd, qupt gid nly cdn cd nhipm vy tri lyu lu-p-ng d dIu vIo dly Id thdng qua van d n h hu-dng d dIu vIo cua qupt Ngoli ra, qupt gid d p edn cd vai trd khIe nhu- eung d p gid chen cho ele hp thing d p than, d p d l vdi v l chen van L Qupf gio cap (FD- qu^t gio tong) cd chCre ning eung elp gid chinh d l dIt nhien lipu Id Tpi dIu day cua qupt gid elp 2, gid du-p-c chia llm hai (gid d p v l gid d p 2) Gid elp di vIo dIu hut qupt gid d p Gid d p di vIo bp sly khdng d p sau dd dyp-c chia v l di vIo d c vdi phun gid d p d mu-c tren, mu-c dydi v l vIo hai vdi dIu khdi dpng nhu- hinh Qupt nly eung d n phai tri I p lye thdng qua gdc md van d n h hu-dng bang dilm I p lye Qu^t khdi (ID- qu^t khdi) cd nhipm vy tri I p lye d l hut Bang Thdng so cabin he thing qu^t gid cip 1,2 va qua khdi TT Ten thiet bj Qupt gi6 d p Quat gid d p Qupt kh6i Kieu va tieu chuin Lu-u lu-ang gid: 37.8 m^/s (45.74 kg/s) Ap lye ting: 9.71 kPa Cdng suit: 500 kW Oi0n ap: 6000 V T l c d d : 1483 v/ph Lu-u lu-ang gi6: 81.8 m'^/s (89.4kg/s) Ap lye tong: 18.47 kPa C6ngsult: 1867 kW Di§n Sp: 6000 V TicdO: 1485v/pli Lu-u lu-ang gid: 122.8 m^/s (135kg/s) Ap lye tong : 5.04 kPa Cdng suit: 800 kW Di$n Sp: 6000 V Toe dp: 989 v/ph khdi v l byi khdi Id hai mpt elch ca hpc bang elch tri I p suit Im phia tru-dc quat khdi Nlu hpt byi Idn q u i nd se rai 6e quay trd Ipi Id (tuIn holn) Chf nhu-ng hpt byi du nhd mdi du-ac qupt khdi hut khdi Id Vdi nhu-ng tinh ning nhuvpy nen hp thing qupt gid vIo v l tpi khu vyc Id hai ddng vai trd rlt quan trpng vipc v|n hinh hp thing Lvpa chpn thilt bj dilu khiln cho hp thing qupt gid CIc dpng ca qupt gid d p 1, elp v l qupt khdi su- dyng dpng ca khdng ding bp pha vdi rdto ling sde v l du-ae khdi dpng tryc tilp Ap suit buIng dIt cua Id hai du-p-c dilu chfnh thdng qua gdc md ele van d n h hu-dng dpt tpi dIu hut cua mdi qupt Vdi elch dilu khiln nly thi mdi lln khdi dpng, dpng ca se gly syt I p Idn tren lu-di ty dung eua Nhl mIy, gly sic ca cho qupt ding thdi anh hu-dng tdi d c phy t l i khIc tren eung cli Cleh dilu khiln nly eung tyang dyang vdi KHCNM s d 10/2011* CO DI$N - TV" DdNG HOA vipc ddng ca d c qupt llm vipc lien tyc d c h l dp dly tli, dan d i n ton hao cdng suit tren ele dpng ca Mpt khIc, dieu chfnh lu-u lu-p-ng blng elch dilu chinh van d n h hu-dng nen hieu suit su- dyng dipn thIp, gly ling phi dien ning, chi phi vpn hinh v l bao du-dng Idn Thay vl dung gde md van d n h hu-dng d l hpn che lu-u lu-ang gid qupt, cd thi su- dyng biln t i n giup thay doi tie dp dpng ca de dilu khiln lu-u lu-ang hope I p lye, theo yeu d u cdng nghp tai tCpng dilm llm vi#c eua hp thing Id hai Vdi gili phlp dung biln t i n , dpc tinh khdi dpng cho qupt v l dpng ca se du-p-c d i thipn, khdi dpng v l du-ng mem se trinh dyac d c tin thIt khdi dpng v l sic ca khi, ning cao tuli thp eua dpng ca v l qupt, giam chi phi bao du-dng v l vpn hinh Ngoli ra, dp tin epy cho toln bp hp thing se dyp-c ning cao, dilu chinh q u i trinh cdng nghp mdt elch linh hopt, de ding ty dpng hda q u i trinh, Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe m o bio vp tuypt d l i cho dpng ca v l qupt, gilm dd on cdng nghipp Han t h i nu-a, biln t i n cd ning dilu ehmh t i c dp dpng ca llm thay d l i lu-u lu-gng gid cua quat Cdng suit dipn tieu thy tF Ip luy thu-a bpe ba vdi lu-u lu-p-ng (cy t h i II nlu lu-u lu-ang gid cua qupt eh? bang 80% lu-u lu-ang djnh mu-c thi cdng suit dien chl d n 52% djnh mu-c) VI v|y, se ning cao hipu q u i sudyng dipn eua Nhl mIy Biln t i n trung t h i du-ae chl tpo vdi cdng nghp cao, ngoli ele tinh ning dilu khiln tic dp cho dpng ca, biln t i n trung t h i hopt dpng d d p dipn I p cao nen kha ning anh hydng cua biln t i n hopt dpng din chit lu-gng dipn I p eung d p cho dpng ca eung nhu- dipn I p lu-di II ding k l VI v|y biln tin trung t h i bit bupe phli d d c bd ph|n Ipe sdng hIi, Ipe dipn I p dIu ra, bu coscp d l dim bio tit nhlt chit lu-gng dipn I p eung d p cho dpng ca Mpt s l cdng nghp eua biln t i n trung thi hipn d tren thj tnj-dng nhu- sau: ' * Cong nghg IGBT vi true ngin (Cell) ciu CIc biln t i n trung t h i hipn dIu su- dyng cdng nghp bdng bin d i n cdng suit lydng eye IGBT cho phep ting dipn I p llm vipc cua thiet bj ding thdi giam dipn I p rai trdn khoi dipn tu- d i n d i n ning cao hipu suit thilt bj (cd thi dpt tdi 98%) Dk ting dipn I p llm vi$c cua thilt bj, biln tin dygc thilt k l su- dyng cdng ngh$ ngIn mic nli tilp nhlm dpt dygc di$n I p d n thilt Thydng thi mli ngIn rilng bi$t cd di$n I p llm vile khoing trIn 1000 V v l d u true cua biln t i n trung t h i thu-dng su- dyng din ngIn cho mdt pha (dli vdi d p dipn I p 6/6.6 kV thu-dng su- dyng hope ngIn cho mpt pha) v l ca bin, mdi ngIn clu tpo nhy mpt biln t i n thu nhd, cd sy c l hdng mpt n^ln nIo cd t h i thay ndng blng elch gd bd ngIn Idi hdng v l lip ngIn mdi vIo vj tri cu Thdi gian thay t h i ngIn nen hlu nhu- khdng Inh hu-dng d i n qui trinh vpn hinh eua toln bp hp thing Biln I p elch ly clu true ngIn cd cudn dly thu- d p du-gc chia llm nhilu ngIn rieng bipt eung d p dipn cho tu-ng ngln S l lu-gng d e cupn dly thu- d p cua bien I p cleh ly dung bang s l lu-gng ngln cua biln tin Trong tru-dng hgp dijng cdng nghp ngln, ngoli tie dyng cleh ly mpeh nguin v l mpeh phy t l i , biln I p cleh ly cdn cd tie dyng phin I p cho d e ngan cua biln tin ' Cong nghg CellBypass Trong tru-dng hgp bj hdng mpt ngln nIo dd, nlu nhubinh thu-dng, d c ngln mIc nli tilp nen dipn I p pha tu-ang u-ng se mlt v l hp thing se ty dpng du-ng Gili phlp cho tinh hulng nly du-gc mpt s l hIng I p dyng I I cdng nghp CellBypass Bin chit cua cdng ngh$ nly I I dung mpt khoi dipn tu- nli song song vdi dIu cua ngln Khi mpt ngln bj III hole hdng, hp thing se bd qua ngln dd blng cleh ddng khoi dipn tu- d l noi tit ngln III Khi dd dipn I p cua pha cd ngan 111 se bj giam, gly mlt d n blng pha, luc nly h$ thing dilu khiln se ty ddng ning dilm tmng tinh KHCNM s d 10/2011* CO DI$N - TV DONG HdA len d l phyc hIi trpng thIi can blng pha Sau d c pha trd v l trpng thIi d n bang, dipn I p diu eua biln t i n d u true ngan se giam edn 87.5%, tCre I I 5250V, tu-ang u-ng vdi elp 6kV Luc nly dpng ca vin cd t h i tri hopt dpng vdi mu-c cdng suit thIp han m l khdng phai ngu-ng toln bp hp thing * Cong nghg AFE, VSI va IGCT Cdng nghp AFE (Active front end) du-gc u-ng dyng cho phin chinh lu-u cua biln tin trung thi Cdng nghp nly cho phep t r i dipn v l lu-di tru-dng hgp him dpng ca ding nghTa vdi gilm tieu thy dipn ning Dilm dpc bi$t nu-a II bin thin d u true AFE d l tieb hgp sin d e kha nang Ipe sdng hIi v l ning cao hp s l cdng suit cua hp thing ndn lopi bd du-gc yeu clu b l sung d c bd Ipe sdng hIi cQng nhubu cdng suit phin khIng Phin nghjch lu-u dIu cua biln t i n trung thi ngoli cleh b l tri theo cau true ngln cdn u-ng dyng cdng ngh# nghjch lu-u dipn Ip, VSI (Voltage source inverter), su- dyng phu-ang phlp dilu khiln nhilu d p d c IGCT, cho phlp I n djnh v l ning cao h$ s l cdng suit eung nhu- t l i yu hoi d|c tinh dieu khiln ddng ca O'ng dyng AFE cdn cho phep dau tryc tilp biln tin vIo nguIn m l khdng cIn biln I p cleh ly Trong tm-dng hgp nly, thay cho biin I p cleh ly, dIu vIo cua biln t i n du-gc lap b l sung tu phin khIng (Input reactor) Giai phlp nly llm gilm chi phi cho h§ thina v l gilm kich thyde ding ke biln I p cleh ly cd trpng lygng cOng nhy kich thyde Idn Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe m o t M i pcMW Mjpfily *; iwi A::SMFnnt r«gctcr -^ ^ X«mF".y"f ^ ; ^ H/nAi Sa diu tryc tiep bien tan cdng nghf AFE Ngoli ra, hp thing eung cho phep dIu nli qua biln I p cleh ly dan giln vdi mpt cupn dly ben sa d p v l thCp elp tru-dng hgp bit bupe phli cd cleh ly dipn giu-a dIu vIo v l dIu cua hp thing Sa d l dIu nli cua hai phyang phlp tryc tilp v l qua biln I p elch ly du-gc t h i hipn hinh v l Cdng nghp dung Tiristor vdi hp thing dieu khiln tich hgp IGCT (Integrated gate commutated thyristor) I I mpt thilt bj chuyin mpeh bin d i n ly tydng cho d c hp thing biln t i n trung t h i cdng suit cao (tren 2000 kVA) O'ng dyng cdng nghp nly cho phep gilm t l i thilu d c ehi tilt eua thilt bj, kinh t l v l ting dp tin e|y cua thilt bj Cdng nghp IGCT cdn dygc u-ng dyng thay t h i cho ele d u chl trung t h i rlt dIt tiln, dp tin epy kem v l thu-dng bj llo hoi theo thdi gian blng thilt bj tich hgp IGCT/ tiristor Thilt bj tich hgp IGCT/ tiristor ting thdi gian dip yng v l dp tin d y cho hp thing bao vp biln t i n (thdi gian phan u-ng eua hp thing bao vp nhd han 25|as, nhd han khoang 200 lln so vdi d u chl trung thi) Sa d l biln t i n sy dyng cdng ngh$ IGCT dygc md ta hinh Hinh Sa diu qua bien ip cich ly biin tin cdng nghf AFE Vipc u-ng dung IGCT dilu khiln nhilu d p cdn cho phep dpt dipn I p llm vipc cao m l khdng d n mie nli tilp ele linh kipn bin din cdng suit d l ting d p dipn I p nhu- cleh Hinh Sa bien tin cdng nghf IGCT thdng thu-dng, tiln han v l vpn hinh, bao d i n d i n giam t l i tnidu thilu cac du-dng eung dan gian han thInh phin clu true v l v i n Hipu qua kinh t l dpt ty s l cdng suit cao Phwvng phap tinh toan MVA/m^ Vdi d c biln t i n cdng suit Idn han 2000 kVA dya tren Iwu Iwgng cua qu^t Hipu q u i kinh t l phu-ang ,vipc lya chpn phu-ang I n phlp tinh toln dya tren lyu dung biln I p cleh ly I I rlt linh hopt D l i vdi cdng suit nhd lu-gng l l m vipc eua qupt d l i tren 2000 kVA, cd Phu-ang phlp tinh toln t h i su- dyng phu-ang I n diJng dya tren cdng thu-c: biln I p cleh ly khd tich hgp k*H*Q hp thing Cleh P = (1) V nly cho phep dan giln hoi t l i Trong dd: da q u i trinh lip dpt v l du-a P- Cdng suit dpng ca vIo vpn hinh thilt bj Vdi d c cdng suit Idn han, ngu-di ta (kW); H - Ap lye (m cpt nydc); se sy dyng biln I p cleh ly Q - Lyu lu-gng gid ngoli v l cd t h i dpt tu biln t i n hope ben ngoli theo (m'/gily); r\ - Hipu suit; yeu c l u cy t h i cua ngydi dpt k - Hing s l hIng Cleh nly giup cho Mpt khIc, lyu lygng ty Ip khieh hIng kha ning giam chi pill nlu lip biln I p ngoli (2) blng lya chpn biln I p dIu re thupn vdi t i c d | : KHCNM Sd 10/2011* CO DI$N - T^DdNG HdA Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe mo Bing Dw lifu ca s& cua cic qu^t Id hai QUfit gid cip 100% 75% 500,00 45,70 283,00 281,00 34,19 26,00 Thdng so v$n hinh Mu>c tai to miy Cdng suit djnh mu-c P, (kW) Lu-u lu-gng djnh mij-c Qi (m^/s) Cdng suit thyc t l Pz (kW) Lu-u lu-gng thyc t l Q2 (m^/s) Quat gid cip 100% 75% 1867,00 89,40 1253,00 1028,00 66,63 52,00 Quat khdi 100% 75% 800,00 135,00 416,00 412,00 101,00 76,00 Bing Hlfu qui img dyng bien tan Ket qui tinh toin Quft gid cip Mu-c tai t l may (%) 100% 75% 209,41 92,07 C6ng suit lip bien t i n P3 (kW) 73,59 188,93 C6ng suit tilt ki$m AP (kW) Tong cdng suit tilt kipm tpi mO-c tai 100% (kW) Ting c6ng suit tilt ki^m tpi mO-c tai 75% (kW) 5.322 2.802 Thdi gian v|n hSnh nSm (h) Ting dif n nang tilt kif m nam (kWh) Cdn I p lye thi ty Ip thupn vdi binh phu-ang t i c dp: ^ =(^)^ lip Qu^t gid cip 100% 75% 772,93 367,40 480,07 660,60 634,65 1.119 2.802 5.322 6.512.664 Cdng suit dpng ca sau biln tin se II: (6) (3) ^ ' Ty d e ding thu-c (1), (2), (3), Chung ta cd: P, H,*Q, Hay: = i^y = (^y (4) N, Q2 Trong cdng thCre (4), chung tacd: Pi- Cdng suit djnh mu-c dpng ca; P2- Cdng suit llm vi$c dygc cua dpng ca dilu chinh gde lip d n h ; Ni, N2, Qi, Q2 I I I p lye v l lu-u lu-gng tyang u-ng Khi lip biln t i n d l dilu khiln, chung ta cIn dam bio lyu lygng gid Q3 nhy sudyng dilu chinh gdc lip d n h , nghTa II Q3=Q2 Tu- dly, thay vIo cdng thCrc (4) cho c h l dp dung biln t i n vdi cdng suit P3 Chung ta thu dygc: A = A)3=(^)3 'N Qy (5j Q2 Hipu q u i thu du-gc sau lip biln t i n II cdng suit dpng ca gilm dygc: AP = P,-P, (7) Thdi gian v|n hinh thyc t l nIm 2009 cua t l mIy I I 5322 gid d mu-c t l i 100% v l 2802 gid d mu-c t l i 75% Ting s l gid v|n hinh nIm I I 8124 gid CIc dCi- lipu tinh toln dya tren thdng s l vpn hinh v l s l lipu dpc thyc t l cua d e qupt du-gc t h i hi$n blng Sau nh|p d c du- lipu cho tu-ng qupt vIo cdng thu-c (6) v l (7) v l eIn eu- theo s l gid v | n hinh thyc t l theo tCi-ng mu-c t l i chung ta cd kit q u i culi ciJng nhu- blng Kit lupn Qua phin tich, dinh g i l hi$n trpng tieu thy dipn ning KHCNM s d 10/2011* CO DI$N - TV DdNG HdA Qu?it khdi 100% 75% 335,01 142,73 80.99 269,27 5.322 2.802 hien cua Nhl mIy Nhipt dipn Cao Ngpn, chung ta thIy ring, vipc dIu tu- hp thing biln t i n dpng ca kV da tilt kipm du-gc dipn nang Idn Vipc phin tich, tinh toln hipu qui kinh t l cho thIy, mli nIm Nhl mIy se thu du-gc kholn Igi nhuin it nhlt 4,92 ty ding (tu-ang u-ng vdi gil dipn bin cho EVN hien tpi cua nIm 2011 I I 755d/kWh) Vdi mu-c gil dipn d l xult cho nIm 2012 II 827 d/kWh, hipu qui cua dy I n ting tu-ang u-ng d mu-c Igi nhu|n 5,38 ty ding/nlm./ Tai iifu tham khao - ThS VQ ThI Nam Nhln rpng md hinh su- dyng ning lu-gng tilt kipm v l hi$u qua T|p doln Cdng nghipp Than Khoing sin Vipt Nam Vipn Khoa hpc Cdng ngh$ Md-Vinaeomin 2010 Dy I n dIu tu- h$ thing biln t i n dpng ca 6kV Cdng ty Nhipt dipn Cao Ngpn Vinacomin ... Hien trpng hp thing quat gid Cong ty Nhiet dien Cao Ngan Sa nguyen ly Id hai ting sdi tuIn holn v l vj tri qupt gid hp thing tpi Cdng ty Nhipt dipn Cao Ngpn du-p-c md t l tren hinh Thdng s l ca... khdi dpng v l sic ca khi, ning cao tuli thp eua dpng ca v l qupt, giam chi phi bao du-dng v l vpn hinh Ngoli ra, dp tin epy cho toln bp hp thing se dyp-c ning cao, dilu chinh q u i trinh cdng... cdng suit dien chl d n 52% djnh mu-c) VI v|y, se ning cao hipu q u i sudyng dipn eua Nhl mIy Biln t i n trung t h i du-ae chl tpo vdi cdng nghp cao, ngoli ele tinh ning dilu khiln tic dp cho dpng