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w Thdng tin khoa hoc edng nghd md KIEM TOAN VA DE XUAT CAC GIAI PHAP TIET KIEM NANG LirVNG trong khai thac va che bien khoang san Recently, under the coordination with the Mineral Corporation, Institu[.]
w Thdng tin khoa hoc edng nghd m d KIEM TOAN VA DE XUAT CAC GIAI PHAP TIET KIEM NANG LirVNG k h a i thac va che bien khoang san Recently, under the coordination with the Mineral Corporation, Institute of Mining Science and Technology (VIMSAT) has developed the audit works on the energy consumption at the enterprises within the Corporation Basing on the audit results, the paper proposes some fundamental solutions for energy saving to increase the production efficiency and ensure the labor safety in the mineral mining and processing activities Thye hiyn Chuang trinh mgc tidu QuIe gia v l sCr dgng ndng luyng tilt kidm vd hidu qua, Tdp dodn Cdng nghidp Than Khodng san Vidt Nam dd triln khai cdng tac tuydn truyin vd ban hdnh cae van ban tdi t i t ea cdc dan vj vien v l su' dgng nang luyng tilt kiem vd hiyu qua Trong giai doan nay, hang ndm, tong didn ndng tidu thg eua Tap dodn Vinacomin theo ehilu hudng tang, ndm sau eao han ndm tarde Oilu Id cae dan vj md rpng quy md san xult, khai thde ngdy edng xuong sau, kdm theo dd Id viyc dau tu thdm cde thilt bj phgc vg san xuat, Trong dd, khoi khai thde than h i m Id chilm 46.91%; khai thde c h l biln khoang san chilm 24.62%, la nhCrng khii san xult ed mCre tieu thg dien Idn (hinh 1) Cling vdi nhu-ng anh hudng cua cde nen kinh t l tren t h i gidi d i n d i n gid ca cac loai nang luyng leo thang, ehi phi nang luyng chilm mot ty khdng nhd gid thdnh san phim ThS VU TH^ NAM KS PHAM ANH HAI KS LE QUANG TUAN Vi$n Khoa hge Cdng ngh^ Md Vinacomin Cdc dan vj dd ehu dpng thye hidn theo ehi dao eua Tdp dodn 6k ndng eao hidu qua su- dgng vd tilt kidm ndng luyng eung nhu ndng eao hidu qua san xult kinh doanh eua minh Trong dd Ting Cdng ty Khodng sanVinaeomin da phii hyp vdi Vidn Khoa hoe Cdng nghd Md - Vinacomin then khai edng tde kiem todn vd xdy dyng ede phuang an dp dgng ky thudt, edng nghd mdi, tilt kidm ndng luyng vdo thye t l san xult eho nhilu dan vj tryc thude vd da dat 6uge { nhu'ng kit qua ddng k l giai doan 2005-2010 Ndm 2011, Ting Cdng ty v l n tilp tgc phii hyp vdi Vidn Khoa hpc Cdng nghd Md edng tde trien khai nghidn eCru vd ehuyin giao edng nghd v l ede giai phdp tilt kidm nang luyng, thye hien kilm todn ddnh gid tidu thg ndng luyng eho ede dan vj khde Tong Cdng ty K i l m toan danh gia hien trang cung cdp va tieu thu nang lu'O'ng Tieu thu dien nilng cua tung khoi san xuat Khoi khai thac che bien khoang s-jn Khoi sang tuyen than 8.25% Hinh Bieu tieu thy dien ndng cua twng khoi sdn xuit KHCNM s d 1/2012* SDNL TI^T KI$M HI$U QUA w Thdng tin khoa hoc cdng nghe m d Conx IV TNHH MT< K.S '^*"» LK «:^o UrtnK C«iiHl.»CP Kl,M jTuv^iiQuniiK •''r'a».«mr, 2.(14'* CinniyTNllll ' MTVKS.t , CT'I-NIIIl I KLM Nkbf Hinh Biiu di tieu thu di$n ning ede dan vj khii khoing sin Hinh Khdo sit kiem tgi Cdng ty Luyin dong Lio Cai Theo kit qua phdn tich v l tinh hinh tieu thg didn nang eua Tap dodn, khoi khai thde, chl biln khodng san cd mCre tidu thg didn Idn thCr hai, chilm 24,62% (tuang duang 168 tridu kWh/nam) TCr nhu clu tidu thg didn ndng eua tCrng dan vj khii, bdi bdo tdp trung ddnh gid tilm ndng tilt kidm diyn cho cdc khu vyc, thilt bj tai cdc dan vj ed ty Id tidu thg didn ndng Idn vd 6uge thye hidn kilm todn giai doan hai eua Chuang trinh mgc tidu Quic gia nhu Cdng ty Luydn ding Ldo Cai, Cdng ty Md Tuyln ding Sin Quyln, Cdng ty CP Khoang san vd Luydn kim Cao Bang (hinh 2) Kit qua kilm todn danh gid hien trang cung elp va tieu thg ndng luyng cho cdc dan vj eg t h i nhu sau: a) Dii v&i Cdng ty Luygn ding Lio Cai: Cdng ty dang mua diyn d c l p didn dp 6kV d l phgc vg san xult, dudng didn duyc cdp ehung tCr may biln dp 110kV cua didn lyc Ldo Cai eung vdi cdc dan vj khdc nhu Cdng ty Apatit, Cdng ty tuyln ding Do c l p chung dudng ddy ndn cd nhQ'ng thdi dilm Cdng ty phai giam tai khdng du nguin cdp thudng xuydn xdy hidn tuyng sgt dp trdn dudng ddy anh hudng d i n san xudt - Phdn m i m dilu khiin cde khdu cdng nghy san xult nhu c l p oxy quat gid, khCr mu (phan xudng axit) khau lyc bgi phun suang va m|t s l KHCNM SO 1/2012* CO D I £ N - TITDONG HOA thilt bj khac hodn toan la eua Trung Q u i c vd chua duyc ndi dja hda Trong qua trinh vdn hdnh, da cd nhCrng sy e l xay ra, anh hudng tryc tilp tdi qud trinh san xudt - K i t qua kilm cac tram biln dp cung cho thly mCre tidu thg didn ndng khdc tCrng khu vyc san xult Nhung vdi hd thing thilt bj ludng hidn sir dgng 6k theo ddi ehi thu thdp duyc cdc thdng s l nhu ddng didn, didn dp, hd s l cdng sudt vd khdng cd ehCre ndng quan iy gidm sdt tidu thg didn ndng lidn tgc tCrng ngdy, tCrng gid Theo khao sdt, kilm cdc tram biln dp cd biln tin hoat d|ng gdy nhOng phln sdng hai khd Idn anh hudng tdi hoat dyng va tuli thp cac thilt bj san xult dd Id tram I.CXX) kVA Phan xudng tuyen xi; tram 1.000 kVA vd 630 kVA Phdn xudng luyyn, Ld h i quang didn su" dgng rieng tram biln dp 560 kVA, tieu thg diyn ndng hdng thdng tren 200 nghin kWh Phdn dilu khiin Id dang duyc vdn hanh blng tay qua sy gidm sat cua cdc cdng nhan vdn hanh Id (dilu khiin nhlc Idn vd ddng lai cdc diyn eye) Hd thing qugt phgc vg san xult axit cd cdng suit djnh mu'c Idn 500kW phai hoat dyng lien tgc Theo edng nghd san xult va thilt k l van cua dudng I n g duyc ldp van diyn dilu khiin mire md van 2/3, hien tai v l n dang ddng cat bang khdi ddng tCr - He thong may dap cd nhiem vu tao cac cd hat quang tai khdu chuin bj lidu ed w Thdng tin khoa hoc edng nghd md cd hat nhd han Kich cd hat dua vdo may khdc tuang Crng cdng suit hoat ddng se thay doi, hien tai,cdc may ndy vln dang duyc ddng cdt dilu khiin bang khdi dpng tCr b) Doi v&i Cdng ty md tuyin ding Sin Quyin (Lao Cai): - He thing didn eua Cdng ty duye theo ddi khd chat ehe, cdc tu didn tong eua mdi tram deu ed edng ta dim eg t h i Cac s l lieu nhu ddng, didn ap, hd s l edng suit duye ghi chep theo tCrng gid vd ed sy so sdnh eung nhu tinh todn ton hao didn ndng eua hy thong Kit qua kilm todn hd thong mdy xue SKF 5A eho thay, suit tidu thg eua mdy sdt vdi thyc t l giao khodn eua Cong ty Tuy nhidn, ddy Id nhung thilt bj ed edng suit Idn vd thdi gian hoat dpng nhieu, cdc thilt bj ndy eIn van hanh hyp ly, tiln tdi thay doi ca clu dilu khiin dpng ea may phdt eu sang hd thing dieu khiin kilu mdi Hd thong mdy tuyln Phan xudng tuyln khodng ed thdi gian hoat dpng lidn tgc vdi dac dilm cdng nghd t i e Hinh Do kiem tai Cdng ty Md Tuyen dong Sin Quyin Lio Cai dp dpng ea khdng doi Do ludng ede mdy tuydn tap hyp Hd thong bam axit (cdng cho thay, hd s l mang tai biln suit ede ddng ea 55kW vd thien tCr 47.4% tdi 72,5% vd 75kW) vdi dae dilm Idm viyc mudi mdy tuyln vet ed he so mdi trudng ed tinh an mang tai tCr 28,9% tdi 71,2% mon eao, thudng xuyen phai Kit qua ludng quat gid thay trgc bam, ede thilt bj ndy s l vd (290 kW/6 kV) elp cung dd 6ugc lap biln t i n gid phgc vg cde edng doan dilu khiin tuyln khodng eho thly, quat Bam nudc c l p eho bao hai hidn duyc dilu khiin dong eat bang tay va hoat dpng nude xulng tdi mCre thap se dilu khien bam hoat dpng, edn nudc tdi mCre cao bam lai duyc ngdt Cong suit djnh mCre cua bam la 75kW, ehu ky Idm viyc eu 10 phut bam lai hoat dpng mpt lan gid s l ed he s l mang tai (69,7%) Idn han quat gid s l (47,6%) Hien tai, vide dilu chinh luu luyng gid din ede may tuyln duge dilu ehinh bang van va dp md van phg thupc vdo su dilu chinh theo kinh nghiem eua ngudi van hdnh may Kit qua ludng tieu thg KHCNM SO 1/2012* CO D I £ N - T U D O N G HOA didn nang eua mpt s l thilt bj tai phdn xudng nhu mdy dap thd B , mdy dap edn nhd M7 M8 eho thly, hidu suit Idm vide eua cdc mdy dap Id ehua eao Cde mdy dang hoat dpng non tai, nhu mdy dap BOI he so Idm vide Id 31,3%, mdy M8 ed he s l Id 28,83% Ngodi ra, ede phdn xudng ed nhieu thilt bj edng suit Idn vd 6pe dilm Idm vide ed sy thay d i i edng suit da 6ugc lap ede thilt bj dilu khiin nhu bp khdi dpng mem giup dpng ea khdi dyng dm tai ede mdy dap edn nhd M7 M8 tai khdu dap sdng B02 Lap biln t i n giup dpng ea hoat dpng vdi edng suit phu hyp vdi tai theo ydu c l u edng nghd nhu hd thing bdng tai, bam bun, mdy dp trdn mdy khoan xoay clu, mdy nen dilu khiin c) Doi vdi Cdng ty Co phan Khoing sin va Luyen kim Cao Bang: Cde ddy ehuyin tuyln qudng thilc ddy ehuyin tuyln qudng sat he thong nghiln thd vd nghiln sidu mjn md sat Nd Lung dang hoat ddng on djnh, luyng nguyen lieu quang elp lien tgc 6k phgc vg san xuat 03 ea/ngdy - Cde dyng ea didn phgc vg san xult Xi nghidp thilc, md sat Nd Lung, theo kit qua kiem, thudng ed edng suit Idm vide rit non tai ddn tdi t i n hao nang luyng Mdt s l ddng ea thudng xuyen hoat ddng qud tai, dan tdi giam tuoi tho dpng ca, ,cd t h i gay hdng dot ngpt Idm gidn doan san xuat o l dam bao san xuat duyc lien tgc vd tilt kiem ndng luyng w Thdng tin khoa hoc cdng nghd m d eIn thilt phdi tiln hdnh thay thi d|ng ea mdi cd cdng suit Idn han hodc ap dgng lip ddt cde thilt bj tilt kiym ndng Iuyn3 ed edng nghd tidn tiln Tai Xi nghidp Luydn gang, hai Id h i quang diyn su* dgng 6k luydn fero dung biln dp 1.000 kVA hidn dang Idm vide I n djnh, khdng ed sy c l ndo xay thdi gian g i n ddy Tuy nhidn, theo kit qua kilm todn thi hidn tuyng sdng hdi da xult hidn tren biln dp, hd thing ludng hd thing ea tai ede tu didn dd cQ Vi vdy, 6k dam bao an todn san xult vd tilt kidm ndng luyng thi phdi tiln hdnh eai tao, thay mdi hodn todn ede tu diyn vd hd thing ludng didn ndng Kit qua kilm todn d i i vdi dpng ea bam elp nude giai nhidt cho Id eao s l dang hoat dpng qud tai 24,65% thdi gian ddi Dilu ndy se Idm giam tuoi thy eung nhu gdy hdng bam bit eu luc ndo vd gdy gidn doan san xult Xi nghidp cung dd tiln hdnh lap biln tan cho dpng ea quat gid vd ea ban ddp Crng duyc ydu clu Idm vide phu hyp vdi edng nghd san xult Biln t i n da giup eho viyc van hdnh vd hoat dpng eua quat duyc t i t han, giup tilt kidm diyn ndng mdt phln cdng suit tidu thg giam Hd thing cde nhd mdy thuy didn ty phdt eua Cdng ty dd bj giam ndng suit phdt didn, nguyen nhdn Id duyc diu tu tCr lau (ndm 1956, 1972), thilt bj da cu ndt, hu hdng nhilu (cde hd thing dilu t i e da hdng, tu ddng cdt thilu nhilu chCre ndng bao vy, ) khdng duyc tu, sira chQ'a thudng xuydn - Hd thing truyin tdi khdng ding b|, su dgng ddy ddn dd Idu, bj ldo hda theo thdi gian, didn dp truyin tdi khdng hyp ly, d i n d i n khd khdn vdn hdnh dilu phii tdi sdn xult Hd thing dilu phii thu cdng khdng tdp trung su" dgng hai elp didn dp khdc Id k V v d k V - o l sCr dgng khai thde hidu qua cdc nhd mdy thuy didn ty phdt, Cdng ty cdn ddu tu cdi tao ndng hidu suit phdt didn eua cde nhd mdy thuy didn Theo ddnh gid kilm todn nhdn thly, hidu qua tCr vide ndng hidu suit phdt didn Idn rit Idn khoang 18 tridu kWh/ndm Vdi chi phi gid didn ngdy edng tdng eao, ede nhd mdy thuy didn se mang lai hidu qua Idn eho Cdng ty san xult kinh doanh Od xudt cac giai phdp tidt kidm nang lugng Vdi kit qua phdn tich ddnh gid kilm todn ndng luyng tai Cdng ty Luydn ding Ldo Cai, Cdng ty md tuyln ding Sin Quyln, Cdng ty CP Khodng san vd Luydn kim Cao Bdng, cdc tde gia dd 6k xudt nhQ'ng giai phdp tilt kidm ndng luyng cg t h i nhu sau: a) Dii v&i Cdng ty Luy^n ding Lio Cai: Cdng tdc cung c l p didn dam bao an todn hidu qua bao dudng, sCra chCra thilt bj djnh ky; Lap dat he thing t y dyng giam sat, quan ly tieu thg diyn ndng; KHCNM S6 1/2012* CO DI$N - T ^ D O N G HOA - Ndi dja hda phln mim dilu khiin cho mOt s l hd thing thilt bj; - Chuyin sang mua didn 35 kV; - L i p ddt thilt bj cdn blng pha lyc nhilu CESS cua hdng Cosmotor cho cdc tram biln L i p ddt thilt bj tilt kidm didn powerboss cho mdy ddp, mdy nghiln bi, mdy ndn thip - L i p ddt thilt bj tilt kidm didn biin t i n eho bdng tai s6 4, eho quat mdi tnj-dng mdy ndn VW3/7 bam nudc M2, M3, quat thap giai nhidt s l 3, s l 4, quat hut SO2, quat hut mdi trudng khdu Idm sach dung djch; - Lap ddt thilt bj CHS 14 tilt kidm nhien liyu eho 16 phan xa; - Thay t h i bam tu- cho bam nudc bao hai va hd thing gidm sat mu'c nudc cho bao hai; boc bao dn bao hai eua n i i hai nhidt thu'a Phan xudng Luydn; - Ldp ddt bd tilt kidm didn Dim450 cho he thing bdng den chilu sang eao dp edng suit 250W khudn vidn Cdng ty; b) Doi v&i Cdng ty Mo Tuyin dong Sin Quyin: L i p ddt he thing ty dpng gidm sat, quan ly tieu thg didn ndng; Lap ddt thilt bj CESS eiia hang Cosmotor cho tram biln dp B , Phan xudng ca didn, tram biln dp B02; Thay hy thing truyin dyng diyn cu G-0 bang hd w Thdng tin khoa hoc cdng nghe md thong mdi TP-D eho 02 mdy xue 3Kr 5A s l vd s l 8; Lip ddt thilt bj dilu khiin cdng suit powerboss eho mdy dap thd BOI edng suit 160 kW vd mdy dap edn nhd M7, MB edng suit 180 kW khu B02; lap eho 16 dpng ca mdy tuyln khodng; i I I ' ! I i ]i - Ldp biln t i n trung t h i cho quat gid 290kW/6kV elp cho hd thing ede mdy tuyln khodng; Lap thilt bj DIM450-ST tilt kidm didn eho 188 bdng den ehilu sdng ngodi trdi 250W e) Doi v&i Cdng ty CP Khoing sin va Luygn kim Cao Bang: Tai cac nha may thuy dipn: Cai tao ndng edng suit phat didn eua he thong cdc nha mdy thuy dien tu phdt; Tai Xi nghiep thiec TTnh Tuc: Lap ddt thilt bj CESS eua hang Cosmotor tai tram biln ap 250kVA elp eho tuyln vd tuyln 5, tram biln dp 320kVA d p cho tuyln 1, vd phdn xudng sCra chu-a; - Lap ddt bp powerboss cho dpng ea sang rung c l p cong suit 11 kW, ddng ca mdy xoln edng suit 15, ddng ea bam eao dp cdng suit 22kWtuyen s l 4, ddng ea sdng quay edng suit 18kW tuyln so 5; dpng ea bam nude cho cac tuyln edng suit 45kW vd 55kW Tai Xi nghipp Gang: Lap dat thilt bj CESS (hang Cosmotor) tai tram biln ap 400kVA clp cho Id luyen thiec vd thilt bj phg try; Tai md sit Na Lung: Lip thilt bj CESS (hdng Cosmotor) tai tram biln dp 320kVA cdp eho xudng nghiln quang thd, tram biln dp 320kVA elp eho tuyln ru'a quang Nd Lung 1; Ldp ddt bp powerboss eho 03 mdy dap hdm 30 kW phgc vg nghiln quang thd; dpng ea bam nude 30kW phgc vg thodt nude edng trudng thupc phdn xudng van tai vd bam 37kW phgc vg nghiln sidu mjn; - Ldp biln tin eho 02 mdy nghiln bi edng suit 75kW thupc hd thing nghiln sidu mjn md sdt Nd Lung Kit ludn Cdn eie vdo kit qua kilm todn vd phdn tich tinh todn tilm ndng tilt kiem tai ede khdu san xuat, ede thilt bi tieu thg didn eua ba dan vj khoi khai thde vd c h l biln khodng san, ede giai phdp tilt kiem didn ndng duge 6k xuat cd tinh kha thi eao vdi mCre tilt kidm dat 6,57 tridu kWh/ndm, tuang Crng 3,91% tong tidu thg didn ndng eua ea khoi, dd: o i l vdi Cdng ty Luydn dong Ldo Cai: Tong mCre tilt kiem didn ndng dat 3,77 trieu kWh/ndm, tuang duang ehi phi tilt kidm 4,8 ty ding/nam; Doi vdi Cdng ty Mo Tuyln dong Sin Quyln: Tong mCre tilt kidm didn ndng dat 2,28 trieu kWh/nam, tuang duang ehi phi tilt kidm 5,71 ty dong/ndm; Doi vdi Cdng ty CP Khodng san vd Luydn kim Cao Bdng: Tong mCre tilt kiem dien ndng dat 516.043 kWh, tuang Crng vdi ehi phi tilt kiem Id 689,12 trieu dong (ehi KHCNM SO 1/2012* CO DifiN - T ^ D O N G HOA tinh ridng phln tilt kidm eho cde thilt bj tidu thg diyn phgc vg sdn xult) Ngodi ra, vide eai tao cdc nhd mdy thuy dien ty phdt eua Cdng ty se giup nang edng suit phdt didn eua ede nhd mdy them 18 tridu kWh/ndm; Cde giai phdp de xult da duye Tong Cdng ty Khodng san Vinacomin vd ede dan vj tryc thudc thong nhlt eung vdi Vidn Khoa hpe Cdng nghd Md lap dy dn diu tu theo k l hoaeh 2012, dong thdi triln khai thye hidn ede bude tilp theo eua dy dn tilt kidm ndng luyng tai Cdng ty Kim loai mdu Thdi Nguydn Vide dp dgng cdc giai phdp tilt kidm ndng luyng se giup giam cudng dp tieu thg ndng luyng trdn san pham vd giam phdt thai CO2 mdi tnrdng (giam 3.647.4 t i n CO2), tuang Crng tilt kidm 6uge 565,2 tan TOE (TOE - t i n d i u quy doi)./ Tii lieu tham khao ThS Vu The Nam Trien khai nhan rpng md hinh sw dung nang Iwgng tiet kiem va hieu qua cho cdc hp tieu thu dien hinh Tap doan Cdng nghiep Than Khoang san Viet Nam Nam 2010; ThS Vu The Nam Bao cao kiem toan nang Iwgng Cong ty CP Khodng san va Luyen kim Cao Bang Vien Khoa hpc Cdng nghp Mo Vinacomin Nam 2011; ThS Vu The Nam Bao cdo kiim todn nang lugng Cdng ty Luypn dong Lao Cai Nam 2010; ThS Vu The Nam Bao cao kiim toan nang lugng Cdng ty Md Tuyen dong Sin Quyen, Lao Cai Nam 2011 ... ty Luyin dong Lio Cai Theo kit qua phdn tich v l tinh hinh tieu thg didn nang eua Tap dodn, khoi khai thde, chl biln khodng san cd mCre tidu thg didn Idn thCr hai, chilm 24,62% (tuang duang 168... CO D I £ N - TITDONG HOA thilt bj khac hodn toan la eua Trung Q u i c vd chua duyc ndi dja hda Trong qua trinh vdn hdnh, da cd nhCrng sy e l xay ra, anh hudng tryc tilp tdi qud trinh san xudt... dilu phii thu cdng khdng tdp trung su" dgng hai elp didn dp khdc Id k V v d k V - o l sCr dgng khai thde hidu qua cdc nhd mdy thuy didn ty phdt, Cdng ty cdn ddu tu cdi tao ndng hidu suit phdt