KE HOACH QUAN L''''^ MOI TRl/dNG TINH CAO BANG GIAI DOAN 2010 2015 NGUYSN XUAN H 6 A '''' Ttr'''' rong qui hoach idng thd phat tridn kinh ^ td xa hdi tinh Cao Bang giai doan 2006 2020 xic dinh tang trudng GDP[.]
KE HOACH QUAN L'^ MOI TRl/dNG TINH CAO BANG GIAI DOAN 2010 - 2015 NGUYSN XUAN H A ' khdng thd ding cho cic muc dich sinh hoat, canh tic trdng trgt Hiu hdt cic vung ndng thdn cia tinh Cao Bang s i dung ngudn nudc sdng, sudi, nudc gidng, nucic md vi nudc mua cho sinh boat, in udng Tuy nhien, chi't lugng nudc t i cac ngudn niy ddu bj nhidm, chu ydu la nhidm vi sinh, can lo lung, hiu co, nitrat vi nitrit Mdt sd sdng sudi, nhu sdng Thd Due, sdng Hidn, doan sdng Bing Giang tai khu vuc thj xa cd ham lugng TSS rit cao Ndng dd mdt sd chit d nhidm khie cd thd vugt Quy chuin Viet Nam Cac chit giy d nhidm chi ydu la dd mau, dd due, TSS, COD, BOD5 Ngudn tai nguyen nudc mat dang cd xu thd cang bj suy thoii vd chi't lugng, chi ydu la nudc thai cia cac ca sd san xuit, kinh doanh, nudc thai benh vien, tram y td va cac co sd Idiim chia benh, nudc thai sinh boat, nudc rac t i cic bai chdn ric, nudc thai t i boat ddng ndng nghiep, khdng dugc thu gom, x i ly hoac x i ly khdng bao dam theo tieu chuin mdi I THirc TRANG MOI T R U O N G VA trudng va thai true tidp sdng, hd, gay NHOIMG THACH T H U C nhidm Ngoai ra, tinh trang phi rimg, lin chidm Chat lugng moi truong tinh Cao Bang dit ring, khai thic khoing sin long sdng, tie nhihig nam qua ddng cia bidn ddi hiu, cung gdp phin lam l.I Moi trudng nudc suy thoii chi't lugng nudc mat - Tai nguyen inrac mdi: Cao Bang cd ngudn - Tdt nguyen nudc dudi ddt: Tai nguyen vi tai nguyen nudc mat rit phong phi, hang nam chit lugng nudc dudi dit cia tinh Cao Bing tiep nhan khoang 7,740 trieu khdi nudc mat t i chua dugc danh gii diy du vd ca trtt lugng lin song chinh chay qua tinh vdi tdng clidu dai chit lugng Cic kdt qua phin tich cho thiy, chSt 3.175 km va 120 sdng sudi Nhin chung, chit lugng nudc dudi di't tai tinh cdn tdt, lugng nudc mat dau ngudn cac sdng, va nhien muc nudc dudi dit tai cac gidng nudc nhiing sdng chay qua cac khu vuc It dan cu giam so vdi cic nim trudc diy Trong mia khd hoac khdng chay qua dia phSn thi xa, thj trin, nim 2009 rit nhidu gidng nudc can kiet, khdng cung nhu nudc ao, hd, sudi nhd, cdn td't va kha cd kha nang cung cip nudc; mot sd chi tieu sach Coliform, COD dugc tai mdt sd khu vuc gin Tuy nhien, ndng cac chit d nhidm tang nui di vdi cd didn boat dgng khai thac din ve luu cac sdng Tai cac khu vuc ndi khoing sin, die biet khai thac quing mangan, dong dan cu, cac cd sd cong nghiep, tieu thi da vugt quy chuin cho phdp cdng nghiep va nhung doan sdng cd boat dgng khai thac khoang san, chit lugng nudc giam t i * Nguyen Xuan Hoa, Ths., Vien Nghien clili m6l - lan so vdi dau ngudn va nhidu khu vuc truing va Phat trien ben ViJmg Ttr' rong qui hoach idng thd phat tridn kinh ^ td-xa hdi tinh Cao Bang giai doan 20062020 xic dinh tang trudng GDP binh quin giai doan 2006-2010 la 15%, giai doan 2010-2015 la 13% va giai doan 2016-2020 li 10% Didu niy da dat nhidu thach thic viec phit uidn kinh td nhung dac biet la nhttng thich thic dd'i vdi cdng tic quan i^ mdi trudng Giai doan via qua cho thiy, mdi trudng Cao Bing bat diu cd nhttng diu hieu bj nhidm, didn binh li tai cac khu vuc thj xa, thj trah va cic khu vuc khai thac Idioang san, cing vdi dd la cdng tic quan ly mdi uudng cia tinh cdn nhidu tdn tai, bit cap, quy trinh quan ly cdn ye'u kem, long leo, dac biet la ITnh vuc quan ly khai thac khoing san da gay d nhidm tdi mdi trudng Do viy, giai doan 2010-2015 tinh Cao Bing cin cd nhing bien phap thiet thuc de via dam bao phat trien kinh td xa hgi theo nhu de an qui hoaeh tdng the va khdng giy anh hudng nhidu tdi mdi trudng Nguyen Xuan Hda - Ki hoach quan lyr mdi tnfdng tinh Cao Bkog Cac ngudn gdy d nhilm nudc dudi ddt ehii ylu hoat ddng khai thac khoang sdn, nudc thai tuyIn riia quang ngain tu nhien xud'ng ddt hoac theo cac hang Karst xud'ng tdng nudc dudi ddt; siJC dung phan bdn hda hpc, thudc Vr^ sau, diet cd khdng dung ky thuat; chan nudi gia siic; chdt thai dd thj vd edng nghiep khdng duoc thu gom, xijr Iy va xa thai true ti^p mdi trudng 1.2 Mdi trudng khong Nhin chung, chdt lupng mdi trudng khdng khf d Cao Bdng cdn kha td't, dac biet Id mdi trudng khdng vdn cdn kha sach d cac khu vuc ndng thdn Cac chi lieu vl chdt lupng khdng khf diu nam gidi han Tieu chudn Viet Nam Sd Ueu quan trdc nam 2(X)9 vl chdt lupng mdi hudng khdng b thj xa, thj trdn tren dja ban tinh cho thdy, ndng dd cac khf: bui lo limg, Sunfuaro (SOj), dioxid eacbon (CO), Oxid Nito (NO;^) dupc khu vuc ndi thj va ngoai thj, hdu hit diu nhd hon gidi han cho phep, trir mdt sd vj tri cd mat dd giao thdng co gidi cao va khu vuc ben xe Tuy nhien, mdi trudng khdng tai khu vuc thj xa Cao Bang dang cd nguy CG suy giam Ndng dd cac cha't d nhilm khu vuc thj xa cao hon so vdi khu vuc thj trdn Cac ngudn gay d nhilm mdi trudng khdng khf chu y€\i til eac hoat ddng cdng nghiep, lieu thu cdng nghiep vdi cdng nghe san xuat lac hau ddng tren dja ban thj xa, xen ke cac khu dan cu Cac nha may cd ddu tu xir ly khf thai, nhimg cdc cdng nghe xir ly, thie't bj x\i ly ehua bao dam cac lieu chudn khf thai mdi trudng; Cac CO sd tieu thu cdng nghiep chua ddu tu xir ly khf thai Tfnh de'n trudc nam 2009, cac cd sd cdng nghiep cua tinh phd bien la cdng nghiep vtta va nhd, van hanh cac quy trinh cdng nghe san xudt cu, khdng cd bien phap xii ly khf thai Cac nha may thudng phan tan, phd bien diing than cam, than cdc 6i na'u luyen, gay d nhilm mdi trudng Mdt sd co sd cd trang bj thie't bj Ipc bui, nhung hieu qua xu ly thdp ddn de'n thai uuc tiep mdi trudng cac khf thai ddc hai chua qua xufly Hoat ddng cua cac phuong tien giao thdng CO gidi dupc danh gia la nguyen nhan chu ye'u gay d nhilm mdi Irudng dd thj, dac biet tai cac Nghien cihj Phit trien ben vung, so (32) • Thang 9/2011 mit giao ihdng trpng dilm, Idm gia lang ndng dd cdc khf ddc hai, nhu Sunfuaro (SO2), dioxid eacbon (CO), cac Oxid Nito (NO^) khdng khf, tiling dn (cao hon tieu chdn cho phep tii 35 dBA), anh hudng true tilp din siic khde cua ngudi dan Hoat ddng xay dung dd thj, kit cdu tdng ky thuat gay d nhilm ddi vdi mdi trudng khdng khf xung quanh Cdc hoat ddng dun n^u d hd gia dinh, dhng than id ong thai nhilu khf CO, cung gdp phdn ldm nhilm mdi trudng khdng khf, gay hai ddi vdi siic khde ngudi Tyy nhien, vdi mat dd dan cu vd dieu kien tu nhien lai Cao Bang, nhiing anh hudng tii sinh hoat ciia khu vuc dan cu din cha't lupng mdi trudng khdng la rdt nhd Ngoai ra, d nhilm mdi trudng khdng cdn phat sinh tfr chay rutig va khf thai t& nganh ehe' bil^n ndng lam san va cac id gach 1.3 Moi trudng ddi Dien tieh ddt tu nhien cua tinh Cao Bang la 672.462,18 ha, dd ddt ndng, lam nghiep chilm 89,02%, ddt phi ndng nghiep chiem 3,51% va ddt chua sir dung chie'm 7,47% Trong nhiing nam qua, co cau sii dung cac Ioai ddt thay ddi khdng ldn, phdn ldn dien tfch dat tren dja ban tinh dupc sir dung san xudt ndng, lam nghiep Tuy nhien, ddt trdng cay hang nam dang cd xu hudng giam chuyin ddi su dung da't de xay dung nha ciia, cdng sd va dudng sa Cao Bang cd dja hinh ddi, niii cd dp ddc ldn, ddt de bj xdi mdn, Irupt Id, riia trdi, suy thoai, mdt chdt dinh duong va chdt hiiu co lu quel va ngap lul Cac bien phap canh tac khong hpp ly tren da't ddc, tinh trang khai thac rCmg thilu quan ly, chat pha riing, chay rCmg cung la nhiing nguyen nhan ddn de'n thoai hda ddt lai mdt sd huyen, tham thuc vat tren mat dat khdng cdn kha nang giii nudc, dan den tdng dat canh tac bj riia trdi ddn Xay dung kit cdu tdng tren dat ndng nghiep, khai thac khoang san, cung lam bie'n ddi tfnh chat cua dat lam cho dal khdng cdn tfnh nang san xudt nhilm mdi trudng da't chii ylu cac boat ddng san xudt ndng-lam nghiep, chan nudi, khai thac va che bien khoang san dang lam suy thoai chat lupng ddt, thu hep dien tfch dat san xua't Tuy sd lupng va chung loai thudc bao m NguySn Xuin Hoa-Kg hoach quin Ij/ mdi tracing t!nh Cao ve thuc vit s i dung tai Cao Bang cdn It, nhung s i dung thud'c bao ve thuc vat khdng ding ky thuat va si dung cic idai thud'c khdng rd ngudn gdc, nhap lau t i Trung Qudc, da gdp phin tieu diet cic loai vi sinh vat, ddng vat va cdn tring cd Igi mdi trudng dit, lam giam hieu luc cia phan bdn, phit sinh du lugng dam, kali vi lan ti 50 ddn 80%, gay d nhidm mdi trudng dit Ngdii ra, d nhidm mdi trudng dit cdn dd cic boat ddng cdng nghiep, dac biet li khai thic vi chd bie'n khoing san Cic loai chit thai ran, long xa thai ti boat ddng khai thic khoing sin, cac nha miy luyen kim, lim d nhidm, thay ddi phin tinh chit cia dit Cic chit thai cdng nghiep chi ydu la xi thai t i cic nhi miy, dit di bdc thai va dit da thai tuydn quang tai cic khu vuc khai thic md Cac loai chit thai lam thay ddi thinh phin tinh chit cia dit, lim giam kha nang canh tic Tai mdt sd khu vuc bai thai khdng dugc quy hoach, din de'n dit da thai Iran moi trudng xung quanh gay mit my quan va d nhiem mdi trudng dit, mdi trudng nudc Cic boat ddng khai thic khoang san tren sdng lam sat Id bd song, mit din dien tich dit canh tie dgc theo luu vuc sdng 1.4 Riaig vd da dang sinh hpc Cao Bang hien cd 334.876,60 dit cd ring, dd cd khoang 318.030,60 la ring tu nhien va 16.846,00 la ring trdng Ddn nam 2009, dc ehe phi ring cua tinh uen 49,8%, chi ydu la rung phdng hg va rimg san xuit, khdng cdn cac khu rimg nguyen sinh Chit lugng ring chua dugc cai thien, phin ldn rimg tu nhien cdn lai la rimg ngheo, cac khu rimg tu nhien cdn lai rit hiem va tinh da dang sinh hgc khdng cao, tidp tuc hi suy giam Cic he sinh thai rimg dang chju nliidu sic dp cua su phat trien kinh te Ngudn tai nguyen da dang sinh hgc tai Cao Bang rit phong phu, nhien nhttng nam qua da dang sinh hgc dang bj tac ddng manh t i cic boat dgng cia ngudi cung nhu nhirng thay ddi bit thudng cia thdi tiet, dang lam can kiet dan cac ngudn gen quy hiem, cac loai ddng thuc vat quy hiem dang cang it di, nhit la d cac khu ring vdn giau tinh da dang sinh hgc Suy thoai, thu hep cac canh ring diu ngudn la mot Irong nhung nguyen nhan din ddn muc nudc sdng tren dja ban tinh bie'n ddi bit thudng Bing nudc sdng vio mia lu nam 2009 d mic rit ldn, mia khd lai cpi kiet Viec chuydn ddi muc dich s i diing dit ring sang dit xiy dung, ci'p phdp cic du in khai thic khoing san tren dit lam nghidp da vi dang lim suy giam dieii tich ring, suy giam da dang sinh hgc; Ty le ddi ngheo cao vi phin ldn ngudi ngheo sdng phv thudc vio tii nguyen da dang smh hgc, cung la nguyen nhin chi yeu din ddn khai thac va si dung ihidu bdn vttng ngudn tii nguyen da dang sinh hgc san bit vi budn ban cic Ioii ddng vSt hoang da vin didn tren mdt sd huyta, ngudi dan chua quan tam ddn viec bao ve cic loai ddng vit t i ring Hien nay, cic Ioii ddng vit cd vi xiiit hien thua thdt, mdt s6 loai khdng thiy xuit bien mdt sd khu rung Cic vii vi pham hanh chi'nh ITnh vuc quan ly bad ve ring, quy djnh vd quan ly ddng vit hoang da, chd bie'n gd vi lim san, phi ritag, giy chiy ritag; mua ban van chuydn lam san Uai phep cang gia ting Quy hoach bao tdn da dang sinh hgc cdn chua ddng bd va toan dien, din den sir chdng cheo, khai thic tai nguyen thien nhien khdng hgp ly va bdn vung, cic van ban hudng din ti cip tinh cdn thieu, cdng tic quan ly cdn ydu kem, chua cd cic cdng trinh nghien ciu khoa hgc vi cic chidn lugc dai ban vd quan 1^, si dung, bao tdn va phit trien da dang suih hgc 1.5 Mdi trudng thi va cdng nghiep Mdi trudng cac khu viic dd thi tren dia ban tinh dang bj d nhidm co sd ting tieu, thoat nudc thai sinh boat va nudc mua cdn thidu hoac xud'ng ci'p, khdng dip ing dugc yeu ciu; Nudc thai sinh hdat phat sinh t i cac khu vitc dd thi hiu nhu chua dugc x i ly hoac dugc x i ly bang bd phdt, chua dat quy chuin ky thuit qudc gia ve nudc thai sinh boat (Quy chuin 14:2008) Nudc thai smh boat tie ddng true tidp den he thd'ng kenh ranh, sdng ngdi tiep nhin, gay nhiem mdi Urudng Hiu he't cac benh vien tren dja bin tmh ddu chua cd he thdng xu ly nudc thai benh vidn dat tieu chuin Hidn chi cd benh vien Da khoa tinh cd he thd'ng x i ly nudc thai Tuy nhien, nam 2009 cac benh vita tuydn huyen va tuydn tinh da va dang tridn khai du in ning cip cai Nghien cdu Phit trien ben vOng, so (32) - Thing 9/2011 Nguyin Xuan Hoa ~ Ki hoach quan /j^- mdi tnJdng tinh Cao B^ng tao benh vien, dd cd xay dung he thd'ng x\t ly nudc thai cho cac benh vien Nudc thai tii cdc bai rdc ciing la mdi Irong nhihig nguyen nhan chii yl'u, gay d nhilm mdi trudng nudc vd ddt Hdu h^t cac bai rac tren dia ban tinh deu chua cd he thdng Ihu gom vd \\t ly nudc rac, nudc mua chdy trdn va vay, ngdm true tie'p mdi Irudng gay d nhilm ddt va cdc ngudn nudc mSl, nudc dudi ddt Nang luc thu gom cha't thai rdn dd thj cdn thdp, chi dat 35% hay 15.711 ldn tren tdng lupng chdt thai rdn sinh boat la 45.179,71 ta'n phat sinh lai cdc dd thj nam 2009 Thanh phdn chu y^u cua chdt thai rdn sinh boat la cdc chdt hiiu CO dl phan hiiy, chie'm 50% tdng lupng ddng thai vd cdc thdnh phdn nilon, nhua, gie vun, gidy, cao su, sdnh sii, kim loai Khd'i lupng chdt thai rdn sinh hoal b tinh Cao Bang cd xu hudng tang theo cac nam Irong djch vu thu gom rac sinh boat cdn chua phu kin dupc dia ban va y thiic cua ngudi dan giii gin ve sinh dd thj chua cao, nen hien tupng dd rac b&a bai van phd bie'n Riuong thiic thu gom chu ylu bang thu cdng, chua dupc ddu tu cdng nghe xii ly va xii ly chu y^u bang phucmg phap ddt va chdn ldp d cae bai thai Id thidn khdng cd cac bien phap kilm soat d nhilm Cao Bang hien cd 13 bai x^ 1^ chat thai ran sinh boat chua dat yeu cdu bai chdn Itfp hpp ve sinh, la ngudn gay d nhilm nghiem trpng dd'i vdi mdi irudng nudc, ddt va khdng khf Khd'i lupng chat thai rdn va chdt thai ddc hai cang gia tang hoal ddng cua 1.531 co sd san xudt cdng nghiep, lieu thu cdng nghiep, khai khoang va chl^ bie'n khoang san va cac benh vien, thie'u quy hoach, thie'u ddu tu tai chinh va cdng nghe vide thu gom va x& 1^ hoac cac cdng nghe xir ly lac hau, khdng dam bao tieu chudn mdi trudng Tdng lupng cha't thai rdn cdng nghiep phat sinh !a 167,6 tah/ngay Thanh phdn cua cac bai chdt thai rdn mang tfnh trp nhu: ddt da, cat thai phat sinh tii cac co sd khai thac khoang san; xi thai t& cac nha may luyen ferd, thiec; ba thai dang hiiu co dl phan huy tfic cac nha may bia va dudng; chdt thai kim loai, thiiy tinh, sanh sii tii cac CO sd gia cdng kun loai, guong, kinh Ngmn cifu Phai trien ben vitng, so (32) - Thing 9/2011 Lupng chdt thai ran dupc cac co sd cdng nghiep tu thu gom, xiT ly, tai sir dung (ba bia) lam thiic an gia siic, (ba mia) lam phan bdn va nhien lieu ddt, (xi thdi) lam nguyen lieu san xudt xi mang, san nln, lam dudng Ngudn chdt thai rdn phat sinh kha ldn tur hoat ddng khai thdc khodng san tren dja bdn tinh Cao Bdng, phdn chu ye'u Id ddt da thdi, bun thai, mdt phdn thuc vat sau qua hinh khai thae, dupc xil ly tai chd bang each xay dung cdc hd, dap chdn thai, str dung dl hoan thd sau ddng c^a md Tdng lupng chdt thai rdn nguy hai phat sinh tii san xudt cdng nghiep loan tinh la 157,9 Idii/ngay Do tmh Cao Bang chua cd mdt don vi cd du dilu kien vl co sd vat chdt xir If chdt thai nguy hai, cho nen luu giii an todn chat thai nguy hai vdn la bien phap ldi uu Cac co sd thudc nganh dien luc da cd bien phap luu giti chdt thai nguy hai, sau dd van chuyen vl Ha Npi dl xii ly Cac CO sd khai thac va chl^ bil^n khoang san phat sinh chdt thai nguy hai chii ylu la cac kim loai nang cd dpc id cao d^t da thai, bun thai vdi khd'i lupng ldn nhung hdu nhu chua cd bidn phap thu gom va xii ly Toan tinh cd 16 benh vien da khoa, 199 tram y te xa phudng va 80 co sd kham chiia benh Khdi lupng chdt thai rdn y te^ thai khoang 482 kg/ngay Tuy khd'i lupng chdt thai rdn y tl khdng nhilu, nhung cd cac phdn ddc hai cao, gay nhilu djch benh nguy hiem n^u khdng dupc xvt ly triet dl Hoat dpng thu gom chdt thai rdn y tl cac benh vien, co sd y te' Ihu gom va xir ly tai chd hoac hpp ddng vdi cdng ty mdi hudng dd thj thu gom, van chuyin, xix ly va lieu hiiy Viec xir ly chdt thai rdn y te' cua linh vdn chua dupc thuc hien chat che va diing vdi nhiing quy djnh quan ly chat thai y te' Mdt sd benh vien tieu huy cha't thai y le bang Id dot Nhung Id dd't lac hau, xay dung khdng diing ky thuat, hoac thie'u kinh phi van hanh va bao dudng, da gay d nhilm mdi trudng khdng khf 1.6 Moi trudng nong nghiip vd nong thon Dai bd phan ngudi dan tren dia ban tinh sd'ng d viing ndng thdn, sinh ke' chu ylu la dua vao tai nguyen ndng nghiep va rimg Vice dam bao cung cd'p nudc sach va ve sinh mdi Irudng vdn la vdn dl ldn cua tinh Hau hel ngudi dan chua thuc su quan tam den vSh de ve smh mdi trucmg SS Nguyin Xuin Hda - KS hoach quan If mdi tru&ng tinh Cao B^ng Rac thai sinh boat chi ydu vit bia bai mdi trudng, boc ni Idng vi vd sd loai rac thai hiu CO, vd CO khac vuong vai tren cic tuydn dudng, sdng, sudi Nha ve sinh chua dat tieu chuin v^ sinh mdi trudng, chidm mdt ty le kha ldn d ndng thdn, anh hudng nghiem trgng ddn ngudn nudc mat va cd nguy cd xay djch benh Tap quin chan nudi gia cim, thiy cim vdi quy md nhd, chan tha tren sdng cung la mdt nhttng tac nhan gay d nhidm, dac biet la mdi trudng ngudn nudc mat Cac CO sd san xuit tidu thu cdng nghiep khu vuc ndng thdn tren dja ban tinh chua thuc su phit trien, phd bidn la cac loai hinh cdng nghiep chd bie'n gd, nudi udng thiy san, san xuit gach xilicat quy md nhd, Hiu hdt cic cd sd san •xuit nhd le ddu chua cd cam kdt bao ve mdi trudng O nhidm mdi mrdng lim viec cac co sd san xuit tidu thi cdng nghiep gay ra, anh hudng de'n sic khde ngudi lao ddng Lugng phan bdn hda hgc si dung tren dia ban tinh cdn d mic thip, ngudi dan vin si dung rdng rai cac loai phan bdn hiru ed, nhu phin chudng, phan xanh, gia phan bdn hda hgc tang cao va cic ngudn phan bdn hiru cd sin cd tu boat ddng chin nudi gia sic, gia cim tai dja phuong Trong canh tie ndng nghiep, cac vo, tui thudc Iri siu chua dugc x i ly dung quy djnh, vit cac muong ranh, sau thu hoach lua rom thudng dugc ddt gay lang phi vi d nhidm mdi trudng Trong nam 2009, sau benh gay hai mia mang nhieu nhit la ray cac loai, siu cudn la nho, va benh khd vin hai tren lua Mdt so dd'i lugng dich bai phat sinh vdi mat rat cao, thdi gian phat sinh keo dai Ndng dan mdt so ndi chua Ihuc hien nghiem tuc theo hudng din cia CO quan chuyen mdn vd thdi diem phong Iri, ky Ibuat phong tru djch hai nen da phun thud'c qua sdm hoac phun chua dung ky thuat, din de'n mit can bang sinh thai Mot sd dia phuong chu quan, chua sat Irong viec chi dao ndng dan phong tri dich hai Nam 2009, dieu kien thdi tie! mot sd thing bat thuan, da anh hudng true tiep va gian tiep ddn linh hinh phat sinh dich hai va de'n hieu qua phdng tri djch hai Do tic ddng cua bidn ddi hau tdin rfu, ttah hinh thdi tidt ffen dia ban tinh Cao Bing didn tuong ddi khie thudng Ning nong bit thudng kdo dii nhidu ngiy, giy ban ban, cic hd chia nudc khdng tfch dugc nudc theo yeu ciu vi muc nudc cic sdng, sudi uen dia ban tinh can kiet so vdi muc nudc trung bmh nhidu nim! Nim 2009, lugng mua tai cic noi tinh it hdn lugng mua trung binh hang nim t i 100 ddn 450 mm, nhung lai tap trung vid thing vi diu thing 8, nSn da xay lu quet vi ngap lut ldn tren pham vi gin nhu toan tinh, gay thiet hai nghiem trgng tai nhidu noi, dd huyen Bao Lim vi Bao Lac bj thiet hai nang nd nhit Cic thing cudi nam 2009 va diu nam 2010 lai li thdi ky Elnino hoat ddng manh, nen kha ning thidu nudc va khd ban nghiem trgng xay tai nhidu noi Thien tai va su cd mdi trudng tinh Cao Bang ngiy cang gia ting nhu ret dam, ning ndng, ban han, mua li, bao, cac di thudng thdi tiet lam thiet hai vd ngudi, tai san, hoa miu, vit nudi, cd sd ting ky thuit va xi bdi Do thdi tiet ning ndng keo dii cung vdi nan phi ring, dot rimg de lam dit ndng nghiep, nam 2008 - 2009 tren dja ban tinh Cao Bang da xay 33 vu chay ring, tang 25 vti so vdi cing ky nam 2008, gay thiet hai 97,68 ring, tang 77,3 ba sd vdi nim 2008 (Bong dd thiet hai ring trdng 40,67 ha, ring tai smh 57,01 ha) Cong tac quan ly moi trudng ciia tinh He thd'ng quan ly nha nudc vd bao ve mdi trudng d Cao Bing da dugc xiy dung ti cip tinh de'n cd sd va cd ban da hoin thien Viec lip Chi cue bao ve mdi ttudng thudc Sd Tai nguyen va Mdi ttudng vdi co chd boat dgng eua mdt don vj su nghiep, da tao didu kien vd nhan luc cung nhu cd sd vat chit dd thuc tbi cic chic nang quan ly nha nudc vd bao ve mdi Irudng Phdng tai nguyen mdi uudng da dugc lap d 13 huyen, thj, cd cac can bd chuydn Uach vd mdi hudng cip xa da bd tri cac can bd kiem nhiem cdng tac bid ve mdi ttudng Phong canh sit mdi trudng dugc lap ti cud'i nam 2007 vi dang dudc ting cudng, da hd trg cd hieu qua viec thuc thi cudng chd va tuin 1.7 Tdc dpng cua bien dd'i hdu, thien thi cac quy dinh phap luat vd bao ve mdi hudng tai vd sued mdi trudng m Nghien cOu Phit triin t>en vOng, s63(32) • Thing 9/ NguySn Xuin Hoa - Kg hoach quan If mdi tnjdng tinh Cao Bing He thd'ng cac van ban phap luat ve bao ve mdi hudng da va dang dugc hoan thien, Idng ghdp cic cdng cu tii chinh, quan Ij, phdng ngia hong cdng tic quan ly mdi h-udng va ddng vien cac cip, cic nganh va cdng ddng din cu tham gia bao ve mdi trudng, gdp phin ning eao hieu luc thi banh he thdng van ban phap luat, cung nhu ting budc cai thien cdng tic quan ij? mdi mrdng toan" tinh Nhihig ket qua tren li he't sic quan trgng va la tidn 6i cho viec tang cudng cflng tic quan 1^ mdi trudng cia tinh thdi gian tdi Mac di viy, cdng tic quan ly mdi trudng cia tinh cdn nhidu tdn tai vi ydu kem He thd'ng CO quan quan ly nhi nudc ve bao ve mdi trudng cia tinh cdn thidu luc lugng cin bd quan \f va ydu ve ning luc chuyen mdn so vdi yfiu ciu thuc td cia cdng tic quan ly mdi trudng ndi chung va cua ting nganh kinh te ndi rieng Tuy viec phin cdng quan ly mdi uudng gitta cic nganh mdi dugc cai thien thdng qua ky ke't cac Nghj quydt lien tjch, nhung hach nhiem quan ly mdi hudng chua rd rang, tham chi cac khu virc san xuit, kinh doanh cd nguy cd gay d nludm, cdn chua dugc quan ly Diu tu cho quan ly mdi uudng rit thip, chira dap ing yeu ciu Nang lire ky thuat, nhu quan trie va phan tich mdi uudng, hiu nhu phai dua vao cac ngudn lire ti ben ngoai; he thdng quan trj thdng tin moi trudng cdn ydu, chua dip ing yeu ciu thdng tm cho cac nha hoach djnh chinh sach Cdng tac Uuyen thdng mdi trudng da dgng vien su ddng gdp va tham gia tich cue cua cdng ddng dan cu cac su kien moi irudng, nhung vin chua chi dgng, chua cd chuong trinh, du in dai ban, vi vay y thic bao ve mdi trudng cia ngudi dan, cia cac cip chi'nh quyen cdn chua cao NhSng bit cip tren cdng vdi nhihig bieu hien suy thoii mdi uudng dang dat nhttng thach thic dang ke ddi vdi cdng tic quan ly mdi trudng tren dja ban tinh nhing nam tdi day Nhiing thach thik quan Iy moi (rudng Cdng tic quan ly mdi trudng cia tinh Cao Bang giai doan 2010-2015, chic chin se phai ddi mat vdi nhidu thach thic ldn, dac biet la nhihig thach thic qua trinh phin da'u dat dugc tang uudng GDP binh quan nam giai doan 2006 - 2010 li 15%, giai doan 2011 Nghien citu Phit trien ben vOng, sd f32j - Thing 9/2011 2015 la 13% vi giai doan 2016 - 2020 la 10%, dugc djnh hudng Quy hoach tdng the phat hidn kinh td - xa bdi tinh Cao Bing giai doan 2006 - 2020 theo Nghj quydt 37-NQ/rW cia Bd Chinh ni va Nghj quydt dai hdi Dang bd tinh Cao Bang lin thi XVI Cd nhimg thach thic mang tinh chi quan nhu thidu cic chi trudng, chinh saeh, cd che va nang lire cia he thd'ng quan 1^ nha nudc ve bao ve mdi uudng t i cip tuib ddn cip co sd Mac di cac chinh sach, co chd va nang luc quan 1^ mdi tru&ng cua tinh ngiy cang dugc tang cudng, nhung vin chua dip ing dugc yeu ciu quan ly mfli uudng phit tridn bdn ving, nhit la ndn kuih td cia tinh Cao Bang dang chuydn djch CO ciu, tang ty trgng nganh cflng nghiepxay dung t i 28,4% nam 2010 len 32,1% nam 2015 va 35,8% nam 2020; giam ly trgng nflnglam-ngu nghiep ti 25,9% nam 2010 xud'ng cdn 19,1% nam 2015 va 15% nam 2020 va Uong giai doan Viet Nam dang phin diu trd qudc gia phat tridn nhanh, nang ddng nhttng thap ky dau cua thd ky XXI Cd nhttng thach thic mang tinh khach quan, nhu tac dgng cua bien ddi hau toan ciu, ndn kinh te cia tinh chua dugc phat trien, ty le ddi ngheo cdn cao va mtic lieu phin diu giam ty le hd ngheo nam 2010 cdn 29,5% vi den nam 2020 cdn dudi 10% II Ndi DUNG NHlfiM VU CO BAN v f QUAN L t MOI TRUdNG I Phong ngia nhidm Thuc hien nghiem cac quy djnh cua Luat Bao ve mdi trudng 2005 vd viec lip va thim dinh bao cao danh gia tac dgng mdi trudng, cam ke't bao ve mfli trudng va tang cudng giam sit viec thuc thi cac yeu cau vi quy djnh vd phdng ngia d nhidm, x i ly chit thai va bao ve mdi uudng theo quy chuin bao ve mfli trudng ghi cac quydt djnh phe duyet bio cao danh gia tic dgng mdi trudng va ban cam ke't bao ve mdi trudng; - Xiy dung va thuc hien cac kd hoach phdng ngia vi kiem soat d nhidm ddi vdi cac khu, cum cdng nghiep, co sd khai thac che bien khoang san, djch vu san xuit, kinh doanh, bao gdm giam sat cac ngudn nudc thai, thai, chal thai rin dac biet la chat thai ddc hai va m Nguyen Xuin Hda - Ke hoach quin If mdi trudng tinh Cao Bing nguy hidm, tieng dn, bui t i cac hoat ddng khu cdng nghiep, co sd khai thic vi chd bidn khoing san, dich vu sin xuit, kinh doanh; thuc bien phin loai cac cd sd gay d nhidm mfli trudng theo Thdng tu sd 07/2007/Tr-BTNMT ddi vdi cac khu, cum cdng nghiep Dd Tham; thj xa Cao Bang; Midn Ddng I, huyen Phuc Hdi, tinh Cao Bang; cic co sd khai thac chd bie'n khoang san; cic cd sd tidu thi cflng nghiep vi ling nghd; vi djnh ky" kidm ke khd'i lugng, luu lugng cic ngudn thai - Td chic kidm tra, giim sat dd'i vdi cic cdng ttmh xay dung dfl thj, cac du an nang cip, cai tao xay dung dudng sa, ciu cfl'ng, van chuydn, cic kho chia hda chit cflng nghiep vi nflng nghiep, dac biet la cic hda chi't, thudc tri sau, diet cd cd ddc td cad vi nguy hidm ddi vdi sic Idide ngudi va dd cd kha nang giy d nhidm va suy thoai mfli trudng nudc, dit, khdng khi; Tie'n hanh kidm ke chi't thai nguy hai, cic chi't d nhiem httu cd khd phin hiy, ching loai thud'c bao ve thuc vit, phin bdn hda hgc da bet ban si dung toan tinh va xiy dung kd hoach thu gom, luu gii va x i ly cic loai chit thai - Xay dung co chd khuye'n khich cic cd sd san xuit cdng nghiep, cic cd sd khai thac, chd bie'n khoang san, diu tu, ap dung cac cdng nghe, phuong thic td't nha't hien cd, nhu san xuit sach hon, cac cdng nghe sach, cic cong nghe hieu suit ning lugng, it chit thai, it eacbon va than thien vdi mfli trudng nham giam thieu nhidm mdt tiudng; Nang cao nang luc quiin ly chat thai - Td chuE va van hanh cae he thdng quan ly chat thai sinh boat d ndng thdn va thj, chit thai lu san xuit cdng nghiep, ndng nghiep va cac djch vu bing cac co chd khuye'n khich cac hd gia dinh, cac cd sd san xuit, kinh doanh phan loai rac, chit thai tai ngudn; Cd cd chd khuydn khich cac Ihanh phin kinh te diu tu vao cac dich vu thu gom, x i iy, tai chd chit thai hiu CO lam phan bdn, tai si dung chat thai rin va long, giam bdt lugng nudc thai phai xu ly ton kem, va lugng chit thai rdn tieu buy bang phuong phap chdn lip nhim giam thieu nguy CO nhidm cac ngudn nudc mat va nudc ngim; - Quy hoach va dau tu xiy dung cac bai chdn lap chit thai sinh boat hgp ve sinh dd x i ly rac thai sinh boat vi cic khu x i \f nudc thai smh boat dd thj cho thi xa Cao Bing vi cic thi trSn huyen bang ngudn ngin sich nhi nudc kdt hgp vdi s i dung ngudn thu phi nudc thai vi cic ngudn tii cUnh khie; - Xiy dung vi thtlc hita kd hdach quan ly chit thii nguy hai cdng nghidp, y td va hd gia duih Kd hoach quan l^ chit thai nguy hai bao gdm cic boat ddng kidm ke, thtfng kd, phan loai cic chit thai nguy hai theo cic ngudn thai; lap dang k^ chi ngudn thai chit thai nguy hai; cip gia'y phdp quan l^ chit thai nguy hai; hudng din cic chi CO sd, ngudi din nhin bidt va phin loai chit thai nguy hai vdi chit thai thdng thudng, phd bidn quy umh thu gom chit thai nguy hai; quy hoach va xiy dung cic co sd x i ly chit thai nguy hai tip trung ddi vdi ting loai chit thai nguy hai; - xay dung kd hoach quan 1% giim sit c4c ngudn gay d nhidm mfli trudng ndng thdn nudc thai sinh boat, rac thai smh boat, cic chS thai t i chudng trai bang each td chic cic binb thic tu quan vfl smh mfli trudng cia cac cdng ddng dan cu nflng thon, xay dung cic huong udc bao ve mdi trudng; ning cao nhin thic bao ve mdi trudng cdng ddng dan cu ndng thfln, thay ddi phong tuc tap quin smh boat khflng hgp ve sinh, cic {^uong thic san xuit ndng nghiep lac hiu, giy d nhidm mdi trudng, gdp phin xay dung gia dinh va lang van hda hudng tdi xiy dung ndng thfln mdi toan tinh Khie phiic tinh trang nhilm va suy thoai moi trudng - Di ddi vdi viec thuc hien cic giai phip giam thidu d nhidm cac boat ddng san xuit cdng nghiep, ndng nghiep va khai thac va chd bie'n khoing sin, cin phai xiy dung cic bien phip tuin thu va cudng chd thuc thi lujt phip bao ve mfli U-udng Ddi vdi cac boat ddng khai thic khoing san d cic mo Ig thien, cac co sd khai thic phai thtrc hien cic bien phip hoan thd, phtic hdi mdi ttudng tu nhien sau khai thac; - Thuc hien viec didu tra, khoaiih djnh cac dien tich di't, cic thuy vuc bj nhidm lam dung phan bdn hoa hgc va cic hda chit s i dung nflng nghidp va nufli trdng thuy san, nudc thai va chit thai cflng nghiep, khai thic va chd bidn khoang san vi y td xa thai khdng qua xi ly Nghien ciiu Phit trien ben vlhtg, so (32) • Thing 9/2011 Nguyen Xuan Hda - Ki hoach quan 1^ mdi trudng thh Cao Bang Ai xay dung ke hoach khde phuc linh trang d nhilm va suy thoai mdi irudng Bao ve va sur dung hpp ly tai nguyen thien nhien - Tdi nguyen nudc: Xay dung va ihiic hien chUdng trinh quan ly tdng hpp tai nguyen nudc Chuong trinh quan ly tdng hpp tdi nguydn nudc bao gdm cac hoal ddng danh gia trii lupng va chdt lupng nudc mat va nudc ngdm, ddnh gid tfnh da dang sinh hpc cac hd ddng, thuc vat dudi nudc; danh gia miic dd d nhilm, xdc djnh cdc nguyen nhan d nhilm, cac ngudn gdy d nhilm \\i cac hoal ddng san xudt, kinh doanh, khai thac va chl bil'n khoang san, cac khu dan cu tap trung; va td chiic quan trdc chdt lupng nudc sdng, hd va cac tdng chd'a nudc dudi ddt Cdn cd kl hoach ddu tu bao ve va phat trien ngudn tai nguyen nudc va ban hanh cac quy djnh ciia tinh hen quan de'n sir dung hpp ly ngudn tai nguyen nudc, dac biet la nudc dudi dat - Tdi nguyen dd't: Xay dung va thuc hien chuong Irinh quan ly va sii dung bin vung tai nguyen dat theo Quy hoach sir dung ddt den nam 2020 va Ke hoach sir dung da't ky ddu 2011-2015 cua tinh Cao Bang Chuong trinh quan ly va sir dung ben viing tai nguyen dat cdn dua vao ap dung cac cdng cu quan ly mdi trudng de giai quye't hai hda viec sir dung ddt cho cac muc dfch phat trien, khai thac tai nguyen khoang san vdi bao ve mdi trudng; nghien ciiu va trien khai cac phuong thiic canh tac ndng nghiep than thien vdi mdi trudng, Ui chat lupng ddt, giam dien tich dat thoai hda, bac mau, riia udi va xdi mdn - Tdi nguyen rirng: Cdn cd ke' hoach kiem ke, danh gia tai nguyen rimg va da dang sinh hpc, xac djnh cac khu, viing cdn bao ve va phat triln riing; va quan ly cac canh quan sinh thai, van hda Ijch s& theo lieu chudn bin viing; xay dung id chiic va quy chl' quan ly cac vudn qudc gia, cac viing canh quan sinh thai, van hda Ijch sir va cac ngudn tai nguyen da dang sinh hpc, cac ngudn gen quy hie'm m GIAI PHAP THI/C HIEN Nang cao nhan thiic bao ve moi trudng Nang cao nhan thiic bao ve mdi trudng la giai phap quan trpng de dam bao thuc hien cd hieu qua Ke' hoach Quan ly mdi trudng linh Cao Bang, giai doan 2010-2015 Cdn xdy dung cac chuong hinh, k^ hoach hang nam nang cao nhan thiic bao ve mdi trudng loan dan, cac cdp, cac nganh bd may quan ly nha nudc cua tinh Cao Bdng va dupc UBND linh phe duyei; Cdn xdy dung cac co ch^, bien phap khuyen khfch su tham gia ciia cac td chiic chfnh hj, xa hdi ddy tilm nang, nhu Mat tran Td qudc tinh, cac Hdi Phu nG, Ndng dan, Thanh nien, Cuu chiln binh hong cac hoat ddng bao ve mdi trudng; xay dung gia dinh, thdn ban van hda, sur dung nudc sach va ve sinh mdi trudng ndng thdn, bao ve rimg, cac canh quan van hda, di Ifch lich sir, cdng tac phan bien xa hdi; Cac phuong lien thdng tin dai chiing nhu dai phat thanh, truyin hinh va bao chf giii vai trd quan trpng viec giao due, truyin thdng va nang cao hieu bie't va nhan thiic bao ve mdi trudng loan tinh Can phai xay dung cac chuong trinh nang cao nhan thiic bao ve mdi trudng dinh ky phat sdng tren dai phdt va truyin hinh va cac bao viet; Hpc sinh phd thdng la nhdm dd'i tupng cdn dupc uu lien nang cao hieu bie't va nhan thiic vl bao ve mdi trudng Giao due mdi trirdng cap hpc phd thdng cd the Idng ghep vdi cac mdn hpc chfnh thd'ng cd lien quan, cd the la cac hoat ddng ngoai khda, tham quan cac khu bao tdn, thdng canh, di tfch lich sir, cac cupc thi tranh, vie't bai ve bao ve mdi trudng, nhdm giao due cac the he lUPng lai cua tinh long yeu thien nhien, ddt nudc va tu giac bao ve mdi trudng Tang cudng quan ly Nha nudc ve bao ve moi trudng Tang cudng nang luc quan ly nha nudc ve bao ve mdi trudng nhdm dam bao cac dieu kien hoat ddng cua cac cdp quan ly nha nudc ve bao ve mdi trudng tir tinh de'n cac dja phuong Tuy he thd'ng co quan quan ly nha nudc vl bao ve mdi trudng da dupc hinh liT tinh de'n xa, nhung cdn dupc bd sung luc lupng can bd quan ly va nang cao nang luc chuyen mdn He thdng cac van ban phap luat ve bao ve mdi trudng cua tinh can dupc hoan thien, quy djnh rd quyen lpi, trach nhiem bao ve mdi trudng cua cac td chirc, ca nhan cung nhu cac Nghidn ciru Ph&t trien ben vitng, so (32) - Th^ng 9/2011 m NguySn Xuin Hoa- Ke hoach quan if mdi trudng thh Cao Bing chi tai dd Ihuc thi cudng chd luat phap bao ve mdi trudng; Hieu lire tbi hanh phip luit cia cic cip quan ly nha nudc vd bao vfl mdi trudng hoin loan phu thudc vao viec ning cao nang luc quan trie va phan tich mdi tru&ng, nang luc du bio vi phdng ngia, danh gia, kidm Ua va kiem soit nhidm, suy thoai mfli trudng; Cd chd phd'i hgp gitta cd quan quan l^ tii nguyen mdi trudng t i tinh ddn huyen, xa va gitta cic nganh, cflng ddng va cac cd sd san xuit kinh doanh, nbi't la co chd tham gia cia cac td chic chinh Uj, doan thd, cic cdng ddng dan cu, cac doanh nghiep viec kidm tra, giam sat viec tuan thi luat phap bao ve mdi tru&ng va quan ly liii nguyen thien nhien cin dugc tidp tuc cai thien dd ning cao hieu qui quan ly nha nudc vd bao ve mfli tru&ng Tang cuimg sii dimg cac cong cii kinh te, tai chinh quan ly moi trudng va tai nguyen thien nhien Di ddi vdi cic bien phap cudng chd thuc thi phap luit bao ve mfli tru&ng va ning cao nhin thic bao ve mdi tru&ng, cin tang cu&ng si dung cac cdng cu kinh te vi tai chinh dd nang cao hieu qua va hieu luc cdng tic quan ly mfli tru&ng va tai nguyen thien nhien cua tinh Cao Bang Cic cdng cti kinh te va tai chinh dd bao gdm cac loai thud lai nguyen nudc, dit, rung, idioang san, cac loai phi bao ve mdi trudng dd'i vdi nude thai; cac cdng cii ky quy, dat cgc-hoan tra, c6-ta phat thai va chuyen nbugng phat thai, va tdi day la ching chi cit giam phat thai cac-bon va co che tai chinh ve cit giam Phat thai pha ring va suy thoai ring (REDD), chi tra cac djch vu mdi tru&ng, dich vu sinh thai, quy mdi truing va cac quy che tai chinh mfli tru&ng Tinh cin cd kd hoach xay dung nang lire de CO the dua vao si dung cac, cdng cu kinh id va tai chinh de lang cudng quan ly mdi uudng Irong nhttng nam tdi day Can xay dung va thuc hien cac chinh sach khuyen khich cac nha dau tu, cac phin kinh le va cac cflng ddng, cac td chic chinh trj xa hgi, tham gia dau tu vao boat dgng bao ve mdi trudng tren cd so tuin thi cac quy dinh bao ve moi tru&ng, cac chinh sach cua Nha nudc va JB cia tinh Cao Bing vd s i dung hgp \f tai nguyen vdi bio ve mdi ttudng; Huy dgng cac ngudn vd'n de thirc hita Ke hoach quan ly moi trirdng Cic ngudn vdn dd thuc hien kd hoach quan If mdi trudng tinh Cao Bang giai doan 2010 2015, bao gdm ngudn vfl'n t i ngan sach nha nudc, ngan sach tinh, cic ngudn vdn cia cic CO sd san xuit kmh doanh, cac ngudn v6n vay ngan hing va cic td chic tui dung, cac ngudn bfl ug phat Uidn chi'nh thic (ODA) va cic khoan vien trg khdng hoin lai cia cic td chile qudc td Ting cudng hgp tac qudc te' ve quan ly mdi tru&ng viing bien gidi Cao Bang li mdt tinh vung bien gidi, cd nhidu cia khiu, cac doan sflng, sudi chung bien gidi vdi Trung Qudc Cin phai tang cudng hgp tic qudc td vd bao ve mdi tru&ng ving bien gidi vdi tinh Quang Tay (Trung Qudc) bing cac hinh thic xiy dung va thuc hien cac cam ke't khdng giy nhidm mdi trudng sang dja phin bien gidi giia hai nude Viet - Trung; ngan chan budn ban dflng vit hoang da, xuit nhip cic smh vit ngoai lai va kiem scat chat che cic san phim sinh vat bien ddi gen; xay dung va thuc hien cic quy tic ve bao ve mfli tru&ng cac dong sflng, sufl'i chung gitta hai nudc; quan 1^ mfli trudng cac cia khiu giao luu, budn bin trao ddi hang hda cia hai nudc nhim bao ve td't hon mfli hudng ving bien gidi, gdp phin phat trien manh kinh td cia khiu, coi day la "khiu ddt phi quan trgng phit tridn kinh td ciia tinh"./ TAI LIEU THAM KHAO COng ty Cd ph^ Tu van Thuong mai Tucmg Vii (2010); KS hoach quan ly mfli mrcmg 2010 - 2015 LUX -Development; H6 ug ky thuat v^ Phat tri^n kinh doanh vdi ngu&i ngheo vung nOng thfln tinh Cao Eiang Cue Thfl'ng ke tinh Cao Bing; Nien giam thdng ke tinh Cao Bang 2009 Quy Qua'c te vd Phat aiin Nflng nghiep (IPAD): Chuong uinh phat ui^n kinh doanh vdi ngudi ngheo nflng thfln Nghien ciru Phit trien ben vimg so (32) - Thing 9/2011 ... tinh Cao Bang giai doan 2010- 2015, chic chin se phai ddi mat vdi nhidu thach thic ldn, dac biet la nhihig thach thic qua trinh phin da''u dat dugc tang uudng GDP binh quan nam giai doan 2006 - 2010. .. m GIAI PHAP THI/C HIEN Nang cao nhan thiic bao ve moi trudng Nang cao nhan thiic bao ve mdi trudng la giai phap quan trpng de dam bao thuc hien cd hieu qua Ke'' hoach Quan ly mdi trudng linh Cao. .. linh Cao Bang, giai doan 2010- 2015 Cdn xdy dung cac chuong hinh, k^ hoach hang nam nang cao nhan thiic bao ve mdi trudng loan dan, cac cdp, cac nganh bd may quan ly nha nudc cua tinh Cao Bdng va