THAM DO KHAI THAC DAU KHI T6NG HOP PHU GIA GIAM NHIET DO OONG DAC CHO DAU THO NHlEU PARAFFIN M O BACH HO TRONG KHAI THAC V A VAN CHUYE''''N TREN N§N ESTER CUA POLY TRIETHANOLAMINE ThS Dao Thj Hii Ha, CN[.]
THAM DO - KHAI THAC D A U KHI T6NG HOP PHU GIA GIAM NHIET DO OONG DAC CHO DAU THO NHlEU PARAFFIN M O BACH HO TRONG KHAI THAC V A VAN CHUYE'N TREN N§N ESTER CUA POLY-TRIETHANOLAMINE ThS Dao Thj Hii Ha, CN Hoang Linh, KS LUtfng Min Tuydn V/e/iDdo/(h/Wef/Vam Tdm t i t sued mat cua paraffin ddu thd ddn den nhiiu hi luy khai thdc vd vdn chuyen Ddu nhiiu parafUn de ddng ddc d nhiit dd eao, nhdt Id diiu kiin dudng dng khai thdc vd van chuyen mdi trUdng nUde itiin khdng dUde bpc cdeh nhiit vdi mdi trUdng bin ngodi Mdt sdphu gia gidm nhiet dd ddng ddc (PPD - pour point de- I pressant) dUac nhdp khdu vd sd dung nUde cd chdt nen Id polymer bay copolymer cd gdc alkyl (met)aerylati bay maleic [1-3] Gdn ddy, mdt sd nghiin cufu tdng hap phu gia PPD trin ca sd cdc hop chdt amine vd acid bio cho kit qud khd quan, cd chdc ndng ddng tbdi gidm nhiit dp ddng ddc vd edi thiin tinh lUu biin cbo ddu tbd Ester cdo polyalkanolamine cd nhieu ddc tinh cua mdt chdt nin gidm nhiit dp ddng ddc hiiu qud cho ddu thd nhiiu parafRn dd mdra hUdng tiep cdn mdi viic tdng bap chdt gidm nhiit dp ddng ddc phdng thi nghiim Nghiin cAt sau ddy tiep tbu nhdng tbdnb qud dd vd dixudt hudng nghiin edu dp dung ebo ddu thd nhieu paraffin md Bgch Hi Gidi thieu Viec sd dung cic biln phip tang eUdng thu hdi diu khiln luong nUde khai thic theo diu tang manh va li mdt nhimg nguydn nhin ehinh lim giim nhidt dp midng gilng Vile thay ddi cic dilu kien can bing hda ly, die biet l i vile giim nhidt 6g de giy hien tuong kit tinh v i Ilng dpng paraffin cic dng khai thie, h i thdng thu gom, xd ly v i van ehuyin dau, gay hien tuong tic nghdn dudng dng v i giim ning suit khai thic Hidn nay, phuong phip phd biln dupe cic edng ty khai thie diu i p dung cho diu thd nhieu paraffin l i sd dung hda pham giim nhidt dp dong die (PPD) Dau thd cua Viet Nam thude hp nhilu paraffin vdl ham lupng > 20%kl Tinh chat ddng die eua diu thd phg thude vio him lupng v i bin chit phin bd cua n-paraffin Do dd, diu thd eua Viet Nam cd nhidt dp ddng die dao ddng tu 20-36°C (Bingl) Oie tinh paraffin va sU phin bd n-paraffin eua diu thd d cic md ed nhilu diem khic Bing cho thiy him lupng n-paraffin eua dau thd mdOai Hung thip hon nhilu so vdi dau thd md Bach Hd va cic md khic Diu thd Paraffin diu thd ehu yiu l i nhdng hydrocarbon no mach thing (n-paraffin, ehilm 80 - 90%), cdn lai l i mdt luong nhd hydrocarbon no mach nhinh, mach vdng (isoparaffin, cycloparaffin) Bdng I Tinh chdt vd nhiit dd ddng ddc ci M6R6ng D i e tinh ' Ty trpng d 20°C H i m luong n-paraffin (%kl) Nhidt d6 ddng dac (°Q Hinh Cdu true cua paraffin li mgt so md d Viet Nam [1,3,4) MdOai Hung PM-3 MdBachH5 Be Nam C6n Son Be Ma Lai-ThdChu Bd' Citu Long RC-2 RP-1 0,851 0,892 0,874 0,834 19,6 14,4 15 28 32 30 22 36 0,823 36 PETROVIETNAM Bdng Nhiit dd ddng ddc cua ddu thd nhieu paraffin cua mdtsd nudc tren the gidi ^x r u Die Ham luong n-paraffin (%) Nhidt d6 d6ng die (°C) Quic gia tinh , , NewZealand 35 30-32 Trung Quck ,_ ' , (Zhongyua) 25 An Do , „ • (Nada) 27,83 _ Pakistan Libya (Sarir) 15.6 Mexico 3,83 Ngudn: IEA/2010, Hydrocarbon World Vol 5/2010(5,6,7] cd him luong paraffin cing nhieu thi nhiet dp ddng die cing cao v l nguoc lai (Bing 2) Thi/c nghidm tdng htfp ch^t n i n g i i m nhiet tfdng tfie dau thd khdng cich nhidt vdi mdi trUdng nude biln, nhidt dp d vung can diy md Bach Hd dao ddng td 22 - 28''C thip hon nhidt dp ddng die eua dau tho khoing 10°C Do dd, rat de xiy sU cd Ilng dpng paraffin, tac nghdn dudng dng, giy thidt hai v l kinh t l Hiin nay, sin lupng khai thic eua Liln doanh Viet Nga "Vietsovpetro" ehu yiu la tU md Bach Hd Trong qui trinh khai thic v l vin chuyin diu, Ilng dpng paraffin xuat hiin trin dudng dng thu gom diu, eae binh chUa, cic phin Ipc hay cic van nim trin dudng thu gom thim chf d cin khai thie nhiet dp rit cao (50 - 70°C) Do diu thd md Bach Hd ed nhilu paraffin nen xd ly v i van chuyin diu thd tUcIc gilng khai thie v l t i u ehUa ri't khd khin v l phUe tap.Trong dieu kiln dudng dng van chuyin Chit nen giim nhidt dp ddng die theo dang biln tinh tinh the paraffin ed nang Uc chl hoic xen cii qui trinh phit trien eua tinh t h i niy Chit biln tinh tinh the thudng l i cic chat polymer eo nang ngan ngUa Ch^taophugiaPPD Hinh Ca chi tdc dung cua phu gia gidm nhiit dd ddng ddc (PPD) lin ddu thd Hinh Tong hgp chdt gidm nhiit dt Bdng Mdtsd ddc tinh hda ly chung cua ddu thd md Bach Ho [19} Oligocen dUdi OA m o n g Miocen Oligocen D#ctinh ^ dU«i tren TJ trpng d20''C i- 0,8646 0,8477 0,8354 33.8 34.8 35.5 34,8 Trpng lugng p h i n t i l (g/mol) 272,9 265,9 248.8 244.4 Od nhdt d nhidt d6 50°C(cSt) 12.78 19.88 6.31 6,14 Od nhdt d nhidt dd 70"^ (est) 7.18 9.31 3,77 3,54 0,093 0,0332 0.0371 0,0319 20,6 22,8 25.8 25,6 59 58 58 58 9.86 6,19 1,80 2,07 0,48 0.27 0,07 0,08 Ting Nhidt ddddngd^cC'C) H i m lu