Ldm sinh J NHCTVG GIA TRI BAO TON CAO TAI KHU BAO TON THIEN NHIEN VAN HOA DONG NAI Trln Van Miii'''', Pham Xuan Hoan^ Bui Dux Dan^ Trln Thi Ngoan^ NCS KBT thien nhien vdn hoa Dong Nai PGS TS Truang Dgti[.]
Ldm sinh J NHCTVG GIA TRI BAO TON CAO TAI KHU BAO TON THIEN NHIEN - VAN HOA DONG NAI T r l n Van Miii', Pham Xuan Hoan^ Bui Dux Dan^ T r l n Thi Ngoan^ NCS KBT thien nhien-vdn hoa Dong Nai PGS TS Truang Dgti hoc Ldm nghiep GV Trucmg Dai hgc Ldm nghiep, Ca sd 2-Trdng Bom, Dong Nai TOM TAT Nghien ciiu du^jrc th\rc hi?n bang each tiep can va vgn dung cac phuang phap cua Hoi dong quan tri rimg the gioi viec kiem chiing, danh gia rimg co gia tri bao t6n cao (HCVF) theo bp cong cu ciia WWF, 2008 tai Khu bao ton thien nhien-van hoa Dong Nai Ket qua nghien cuu bao gom vi^c nhan difn, kiem chiing va danh gia cac HCVF tai tai cac khu rimg d^i dien cho hai phan khu bAo v? nghiem ng$t va phuc hoi sinh thai Tai phin khu bao v$ nghiem ngat, ca HCVF deu h i ^ huu va da dugc kiem chiing, danh gia Tuy nhien, tai phSn khu nay, mgt so thugc tfnh va chi so chua dap iing dugc mgt each diy dii cac yeu cau ciia mgt HCVF Tuong tu, tai phan khu phyc h6i sinh thai, chi co 4/6 gia trj bao t6n cao hi|n hftu va nhi6u thuoc tinh, chi so khong dap iing dugc yeu ciu Mgt ket qua quan trgng la tai HCVF6 khu bao t6n c3n dugc bo sung them chi so moi la cac gia tri ve di tich Hch sir ma b^ cong cy ciia WWF, 2008 chua dugc de cap t6i Ket qua nghien ciiu xac dinh vk phan tich dugc cac nguy co tac dgng xSu toi cac HCVF va dua nhimg gidi phap chien lugc bao ton va phat trien tai nguyen riing tai khu vuc nghien ciiu Tir khoa: Bdo vf nghiim ngat, gid trj bao t^n cao, khu bdo ton, phuc hoi sinh thdL I DAT VAN DE Khu bao ton Thien nhien - Van hoa Dong Nai (dudi day vih tat la KBT) la ten gpi theo Quyet dinh so 2280/QD-UBND ciia Uy han Nhan dan tinh D6ng Nai nam 2010 Tien than cua KBT la Khu Du trft thien nhien Vinh Cuu dugc lap tren ca so chuyen muc dich su dung tu rung va dkxrimgsan xuat Theo Quyet dinh nay, toan bo cac lam phan ciia ba lam trucmg Hi^u Liem, Ma Da va VTnh An da duac sap nhap lai Qua nhieu lan doi ten va ma rpng qui mo, dien tich BCBT dang quan ly la 97.152 Xet ve mat qudn ly, rimg KBT thupc d6i tupng rimg dac dung Tuy nhien, ket qua danh gia ban dau cho thay phan lan dien tich dupc quy ho^ch cho muc dich bao ton chua dap ung dupc tieu chi ciia rimg dac dyng NhiJng gia tri bao ton cua rung ban ehe, rirag t\r nhien KBT chu yeu la rirag thii sinh ngheo Thieu nhimg hieu biet viec nhan dien nhiing gia tri bao t6n mpt each khoa hpc va tren thuc te la chua co bat ky mpt danh sia &'" kilm chiing * nao vg nhihig o gia D tri bao t6n cao tai KBT sau chuyen doi muc dich quan ly rimg Nhung gid tri ndo cdn duac bdo ton cdc he sinh thdi rimg cua KBT? la cau hoi dupc tra \b\ nghi&n ciiu n Myc TIEU, PHU'ONG PHAP NGHIEN CUtJ Myc tieu nghien cuu la nhan dien va kiem chiing, danh gia nhung HCV hi?n co ciia mpt so quan xa th\rc vat rimg (QXTVR) lam co sd cho viec de xuat nhiing gidi phap q u ^ ly, phat trien rirng tai KBT De dat dupc miic tieu tren, cac npi dung nghi6n ciiu chinh dupc xac dinh nhu sau: i) Nhan difn cac gid tri bao ton cao cua rimg (HCVF)' tai KBT; ii) KiSm chiing va danh gia cac HCV tai KBT; iii) Xac dinh va danh gia cac nguy ca tac dpng xau toi cac HCVF va dh xuat cac giai phap chien lupc tiem nang nhim bao t6n va phat triSn cac HCVF tai KBT D6i tuong nghien ciiu la cac QXTVR tu nhien dai dien cho phan khu bao ve nghiem ngat (BVNN) va phan khu phuc h6i sinh thai (PHST) i„^ri:DHCVF: Rung co• gia-^utn bao ton cao TJ^V CHI KHOA HQC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO - 2014 27 Ldm sinh Phuang phap nghien cuu bao gom: i) Ke thira co chpn lpc cac tu lieu co lien quan; ii) Ap dung bp cong cy nhan dien va Idem chiing, danh gia cac HCVF cua WWF, 2008 Cu th§, CO gia tri HCVF va m6i mot HCVF co mpt s6 thupc tinh (vi du: HCVF 1.1, HCVF 1.2 ) va moi thupc tinh se co cac *'yeu to" la cac chi so the hien (vi du HCVF 1.1.1, HCVF 1.1.2 ) D6i vdi HCVF co cac cau hoi dat danh gia xem HCVF co tdn tai hay khdng Cac cau tra lai 'cd/khdng' giiip ngudi sir dung quyet dinh xem HCVF nao hien hiiu khu rimg dd iii) Su dung phuang phap "ddnh gid diiy dii" ciia bd cdng cu HCVF ciia ProForest d^ xdc dinh chinh xdc HCVF nao hi?n hihi va d dau moi ddi tupng nghien ciju iv) Sii dung cdng cp PRA: Phdng van ban djnh hudng Doi tupng phdng van la cac nha qudn ly KBT, lanh dao thdn, xa; kiem lam; ngudi dan song KBT Thu thap thdng tin qua khdo sdt thj trudng, qua cdc k^nh tieu thu vd thdfi vu ciia cdc ldm san) Phuang phap nghien ciiu kiem chiing va danh gid HCVFs dupc dp dung bp cong cu kiem chiing HCVFs theo tieu chudn FSC Danh gia bang diem cho cac gia tri HCVF gdm ba budc: phdng, hifn truang va tham van chuyen gia Diem cho mdi thu^c tinh dupc xem Id HCVF cd nguong thap nhat la diem, diem cao nhat cho moi HCVF la 10 diem; neu thudc tinh hay chi sd nao dudi diem thi HCVF dd khong ton tai Di6m binh qudn dupc dirng de danh gid cho HCVF in K^T QUA NGHIEN CUtJ, THAO LU-iN 3.1 Ket qui nhan dien nhirag gia tri bao ton cao KBT Trong bp nguyen tdc cua Hdi ddng qudn tri rimg thi gidi (FSC), nguyen tic sd la Duy tri cdc khu rimg co gid tri bdo ton cao (HCVF) la mpt nguyen tdc bat bupc qudn ly riing ben virag Tai Vift Nam, bd cdng cu nham ho trp cho vifc nhdn biet va kiem chiing cac 28 HCVF dupc WWF va Quy bdo ton tu nhien ^ (TNC) phdt tnhn tu nam 2004, qua cdc dpt kilm chiing din nam 2008, bp cdng cu dupc hoan thifn Nhimg HCVF dudi day da dupc dilu tra, nhan bilt tai KBT dupc ap dung (heo bp cdng cu 3.1.1 Nhirng gid tri bdo ton cao tgi phdn khu bdo ve nghiem nggt (BVNN) a HCVFl: Rirng chira dung cdc gid tri da dang sinh hoc Q gia tri nay, cd thupc tinh: i) La rimg d|c dung; ii) Cd cac loai hi de dpa; iii) Cd cdc loai dac huu va iv) Co cdc cdng dung quan trpng dieo thdi gian deu dupc nhan bilt vd cd cac mmh chiing cu the Ddi vdi HCVFl, cd nhilu loai dpng thuc vat dupc lift ke ndm danh muc cac loai bi de dpa va nguy cdp co mdt sd loai dac hihi bi de dpa Rimg cdn la ngudn cung cdp thiic an cho cdc dpng vat di cu va chiia dung cdc gid tri da dang sinh hpc cap qudc gia Tuy nhien, thupc tinh ndy chi cd 5/11 chi sd dupc xac nhan b HCVF2: Rung d p canh quan ldn cd y nghia qudc gia, khu vuc hoac todn cau nam hoac bao gdm cdc dan vi qudn ly rimg nai ma nhieu quan xa ciia hau het neu khdng phai la tat cd cdc lodi xuat hifn tdn tai nhiing mdu chudn ty nhien Gid tri cd thupc tinh vd khong cd cac chi sd Cy the: i) La mdt phdn cua dairimglien tuc; ii) Rimg gan nhu chua bi tdc dpng; iii) Rimg rdng hon l.OOOha vd iv) Cd mpt quln the loai trpng yeu hay khdng? Qua khao sat, co 3/4 thupc tinh dupc nhan difn; thupc tinh "rimg gdn nhu chua hi tdc dgng " khdng thda man dupc HCVF c HCVFS: Rimg thudc vl ho?c gdm nhihig HST hiem, dang hi de dpa hay nguy cap Gid tri co thupc tinh: i) Cd kilu rimg nao dupc lift ke dual day dupc tim thdy tai TAP CHI KHOA HQC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGHIfP SO - 2014 Ldm sinh khu vyc?^; ii) Kilu rirag dd cd dac trung cho khu vuc hay khdng? Cd hai thudc tinh tren diu dupc nhdn dang va cd dan chiing tai KBT la HST rimg cdy Id rgng thuang xanh tren ddt thdp vd Id HST d|c trung cho KBT d HCVF4: Rimg cung c ^ cac dich vy ca ban ciia ty nhien nhungtinhhuong quan trpng HCVF4 cd thupc tinh: thii nhat la ddng vai tro quan trpng tri va dieu tiet nguon nudc cho sinh boat vd tudi tieu; thupc tinh co 1/3 chi s6 dupc nhan dien la HCVF khu vuc n^ien cuu Thii hai la phdng chdng sat Id ddt, lii quet, xdi mdn, gid bao, boi lang va phdng hd ven biSn; thuoc tinh ciing chi cd 1/3 chi so dupc coi la hifn huu HCVF Dan chiing la cpng ddng dan cu sinh song gan khu rung su dung tren 90% nhu cau nuac cho sinh hoat, tuoi tieu tu ngudn sinh thuy khu riing Ddy Id mdt gia tri cd thudc tinh va tra ldi can hdi: i) Cd cpng ddng nao sdng hay gdn khu rimg hay khong?; ii) Hp cd sii dyng rimg cho muc dich nhan dien van hda cua hp hay khong? vd iii) Khu rung cd quan trpng viec nh$n dien van hda hay khdng? Cd thupc tinh deu dupc xac dinh la hien hihi KBT HCVF6 ciing thilt ylu nhu ddi vdi sinh ke va su ton tai ciia dan ban dia, riing la noi hinh vd luu giii nhihig gid tri de nhdn dien van hda truyen thdng cua nguoi Cho ro 3.1.2, Nhiing gid tri bdo ton cao tgi phdn khu phuc hdi sinh thdi (PHST) Rutng tai phan Idiu PHST chi cd 4/6 cac gja tn duoc xac dinh Id ^ tai cdc HCVF ClutiieId cdc gjd tri HCVFl, HCVF4, HCVFS va HCVF6 dupc xdc nhan Id cd cdc gid tri bdo ton cao hien huu, Tuy nhien, d mdi gid tri cac thupc tinh va cac chi sd e HCVFS: Rimg ddng vai trd nen tang cd sy khac biet Ci HCVFl, chi cd 3/4tiiupctinh va viec d ^ ling cac nhu can co bdn ciia cdng dong 4/11 chi so dupc xac nhan; HCVF4 mac dii xac Gid tri HCVFS co thupc tinh va cac thupc nhan cd thudc tinh nhung chi cd 2/6 chi so ciia cac tinh ndy dupc xdc dinh dya tren vifc trd ldi thupc tmh dupc coi la hifn hiiu Ddi vdi HCVFS cdu hdi: i) Co cac cdng ddng dang sinh sdng va HCVF6, diu dupc xac nh|n cd cdc gid tri cao hoac gan rung hay khdng?; ii) Nhiing Tai phan khu PHST, cd hai gia tri bdo tdn cpng ddng cd sii dung rimg de dap iing khdng hifn hihi dd la HCVF2 va HCVF3 nhimg nhu cdu ca bdn ciia hp khong? va iii) gid tri HCVF2, rimg da bj tac ddng manh so Nhung nhu cau dd cd Id nen tdng ddi vdi CD vai cdc khu rung khdc khu vyc Td hpp hay khdng? Kit qua xdc dinh dupc cd thupc rung Id rirag tu nhien ngheo, rimg phuc hdi va tinh deu hien hihi KBT rung dd, gid tri khdng tdn t^i Tuong tu, d gia tri HCVF3 khdng dupc coi la f HCVF6 Rimg ddng vai trd quan trpng viec nhgn dien vdn hoa truyen thong'' cua rung cd gid tri bdo tdn cao khong the hifn rd la vimg sinh cdnh da dang, phong phii Cdc cpng dong dia phuang he smh thdi rimg d khu vuc nghien cim khdng dupc coi la dac tnmg cho khu vuc nghien cihi •* Rimg la kim thuSn loai tu nhien; Rimg h6n giao la Tai phdn khu PHST, cdc gid tri HCVFS; rgng, la kim t^ nhien; Rimg tren mii da voi; HST dat ngap nuoc; Rimg ngap man; Riing thuang xanh HCVF6 dupc coi la quan trpng nhdt, ddi vdi tren viing dit thSp; Rimg khgp; Rimg ban thuimg cpng ddng noi ma vifc phat huy nhiing sdn xanh (nua rung la); Rimg chuySn t i ^ tu tfauong xanh phdm dupc ldm tir LSNG bang kien thiic dia va ban thucmg xanh; 10 Rirag lim; 11 Rii gai va 12 phuong tao nhiing sdn phdm mang dam bdn Rimg reu ^ Theo FSC, nhu cdu nin ldng la nhu cau ma rung dong sdc van hdariengciia ngudi Cha ro KBT gop tii 15-20% thu nh|p ho|c thyc phim thucmg 3.2 Ket qua kiem chirng va danh gia nhirng cua cgng ddng; ho§c la nhu cau n^u bi mSt se tac dgng gia tri bao tfin cao KBT d€n nh?n di?n van hoa cik hg.^ 3.2.1 Kit qua kiem chung vd ddnh gid cdc * Nhan di^n vSn hoa truyen thong; Van hoa vat the nhu d^n th6, nha m6, nhi ciia, d6 d^c, trang phgc V5n hoa HCVF tgi phan khu BVNN phi v$t the nhu ll h$i, tin ngudng, tho ca, trucmg ca, truyen thuySt, digu mua, luat tyc, kien thiic ban dja a HCVFl T ^ CHI KHOA HQC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO - 2014 29 Lam sinh Bang Kiim chirng vd ddnh gid cdc gid tri HCVFl tgi phdn khu BVNN Kilm chung Ddnh gia TP HT TV Theo QD sd 2280/QDUBND va bdn dd qui hoach 1.1.1 La rimg dac dung da cong nhan loai riing Kit qua dilu tra 2007-2009 1.2.1 C6 nhieu loai sach dd VN va dilu tra bd sung nam 2011 Kit qua dieu tra 2007-2009 1.3.1 Cd loai d|c hihi bi de dpa va dilu tra bo sung nam 2011 Kit qua dilu tra 2007-2009 1.4.1 Co ngudn thuc an/ddt ngap va dilu tra bd sung nam 20 U va Trung binh mrdc, cac QX di cu hien hihi ket qua dieu tra phong van Ghi chu: TP: phdng; HT: hien trudng; TV: tham vdn chuyen gia vd TB: trung binh TB 8,5 mac dil vupt nguang gidfi han cua HCV Ket qud dieu tra cho thdy, HCVFl co chiia nhung d moi thupc tinh mdi chi cd mot yen dung cdc lodi nguy cap va nam Sdch dd to ddp ling dupc yeu cau Su thieu hut (2007) deu cd so lupng giam siit; 70% thuc cdn duac khdc phuc qua trinh quan ly vat qui hiem deu cd qud trinh tdi sinh tdt nhu rung ciia KBT cdc loai Go dd, Sao dau Mat nhdn, Thdn b HCVF2 phyc Dilm trung binh cho HCVFl la 8/10; BStngl Kiem chu-ng vd ddnh gid edc gid tri HCVF2 tgi phdn khu BVNN Ylu tl/Chi s Kiem chirng TP Ban Men trang nam 2012 va Tai lieu "Tiem nang va phat trien" ciia KBT nam 2012 2.3 To hpp riing co difn tich Ban hien trang 2012 va phan chia rgng tren OOOha theo loai riing ciia KBT nam 2012 Bao cao tai nguy6n dgng thuc vat ciia 2.4 Co cjuan the Ioai trpng yeu KBT nam 2011 Danh gia HT TV TB 2.1 La phan cua dai rung lien tuc Day la phan khu BVNN nen tai khu vyc nghien ciru cd tram Kiem lam: Sudi Cop, Trung uong Cyc, Dakin va Rang Rang; rimg it bi tdc dpng; qudn thS lodi trpng ylu dupc ghi nhan la cdc qudn the Sao dau, Bd tdt (phan tuoi va vet chdn nhieu) Nhu vdy, cd thi ghi nhdn Trung binh 8,6 ddy Id rimg cd gid tri cap cdnh quan lon cd y nghia qudc gia; chua dung cac lodi xudt hien nhimg mdu chudn ty nhien ciia ning mien Ddng Nam bd c HCVF3 Bang Kiem chdng vd ddnh gid cdc gid tri HCVFS tgi phdn khu BVNN Ylu tl/Chi so 3.1 Cd kiSu rimg kin thudng xanh tren vimg ddt thdp (Xem footnote 1) Bao cao tai nguygn dpng tiiyc vat nam 2011 va kilm chungtiiycdia 3.2 Kieu rimg tren ddc tnmg cho Bao cdo tai nguyen dpng thyc vat khu vyc nghien cuu nam2011 va kilm chiingtiiycdia 30 Ddnh gid Kiem chirng TP HT TV TB 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 Tnmg binh TAP CHI KHOA HQC VA CONG NGH? LAM NGHIEP SO - 2014 Ldm sinh HCVF3 tai day Id mdt nhiing gid tri dupc kiem chiing va ddnh gid Id HST sdt bao tdn cao dap iing dupc cdc yeu cdu theo bd lai KBT va ciing la HST dac tnmg cua cdng cu ciia WWF (2008) d tdt cd cdc chi sd Ddng Nam bp HST rimg kin thucmg xanh tren viing ddt thdp ^ HCVF4 Bang Kiim chimg vd ddnh gid cde gid tri HCVF4 tgi phan khu B VNN •^TA k , X T."* 1.' Y^u t6/Chi s6 Kiem chirag 4.1.1 Rimg duoc xdc djnh la Ban dd hifn trang rimg va ddt LN rimg phdng hp O^PH) ciia KBT phdn chia theo lo^i rimg 2012 4.2.1 Dien tich rimg dupc Ban dd hifn trang rung va ddt LN cpng ddng (CD) qui djnh la RPH phan chia theo loai rimg 2012; Kit hoac dupc CD bao ve qua phdng vdn Ddnh gia ~—^—^igI I ~ — ~ 9 , , ^ „ ' HCVF4 CO vai tro tri, dieu tiet cho ca ho Tri An va m^t phdn luu virc ngudn nuac va phong chdng sat la m quet , „ „ - song Ddng Nai Nhu vay, HCVF4 co gia tri dich vy mdi trudne va dang duoc bao ve, phat cho khong cm cpng dong dan cu thuoc xa ,' Ma Da va dugc cpng dong bao ve ma x o g HCVFS Bang Kiim ehung vd ddnh gid cdc gid tri HCVFl tgi phdn khu B VNN A A , A ,.x , Ddnh fiia Yeu to/Chi so Kiem chirag -^z;^—— :^ „ , ^, ^„ • A , Bao cao dieu kien tu nhien va KT5.1 Co cac CD s.nh song ben x H nam 2011; K6t qua d i k tra hiSn hoac gan nmg tmong ^ ^.^ , , *J • 5.2 C B s u d w i g nmg de dap ung cac nhu cau ca ban ^, „, , X ,, , X ! 5.3 Cac nhu ^^, cau tren f la nhu ^^ cau ^n* gia la mot nhung nhu c k nSn tang cua cong dong KBT; dac bi?t la ^^^ ^ , ^ ^ ^ ^^ ^^^ ^^ r jiryps Bang Kiim chung va ddnh gia cdc gid trj HCVF6 tai phan khuB VNN Banh gi4 Y^u to/Chi so Kiem chiing TP 6.1 Co CD sinh sdng bSn hay gan khu vvc nghien cuu 6.2 CD su dung rung cho muc dich nhan dien van hoa cua ho (xem footnote 3) ' 6.3 Khu rimg co vai tio quan trpng viec nhan djng van hoa cua CB 3^^ ^^^ KT-XH HT TV TB dia phmmg va van hoa ngucri dan, 2011 Dir an phat tri6n KBT den nam 2020 Ket qua dieu tra hien tnrong Tnmg binh T A P C H I K H O A H Q C VA C O N G N G H E L A M N G H I E P SO - 2014 7,3 31 Ldm sinh Gia n i HCVF6 dupc kilm chiing ro net nhat thdng qua cdc le hpi, ngdn ngii, trang phuc va nhiing ngudi cao tudi Ddy ciing dupc coi la* mdt HCFV cd nguy ca bi mai mpt vi diem danh gid gdn voi nguong thdp nhdt la 6/10 theo cac sdn pham ttr rimg dupc Iim truyen, ket tinh tieu chi danh gid ciia WWF, 2008 thdnh tinh hoa van hoa cua nguoi Cha ro Hien 3.2.2 Kit qud kiem chung vd ddnh gid cdc t^i, nguoi biet den nhung gia tri van hda (cd HCVF tgi phdn khu PHST vdt the va phi v^t thi) khdng nhieu, chii yeu la a HCVFl Bang Kiim chung vd ddnh gid cdc gid tri HCVFl tgi phdn khu PHST Yeu to/Chi so 1.2.1 Co nhieu lodi sach VN 1.3.1 Co loai dac hiru bide dpa 1.4.1 Co n g u ^ thiic an/dat nggp nudc, cac QX di cu hiai huu 1.4.2 NhOng tai nguyen tren rat quan trpng vdi sy ton tai cua cdc qudn thi hay QX sinh hpc khu vyc Banh gid HT TV Kiem chung TB Ket qua dieu tra 2007-2009 va dieu tra bo sung nam 2011 Kit qua dilu tra 2007-2009 va dieu tra bd sung nam 2011 Kit qua dilu tra 2007-2009 va dieu tra bo sung nam 2011 va ket qua dieu tra phong van nam 2012 Kit qua dieu tra bo sung, phong • van can bp, nguoi dan dia phuong va cac bao cao luu tai KBT K6t qud kilm chiing va ddnh gid tren cho thdy nhihig gia tri HCVFl cua phdn khu PHST da d nguang thap nhdt theo qui dinh ciia WWF, 2008 Cd 4/10 ylu td dupc kilm chiing va cd yeu td deu dupc danh gid d miic dudi Trung binh 6,2 va vira dat nguang tdi thieu Day la mpt thach thiic ldn doi vai viec phuc hdi vd bao tdn cac thudc tinh ciia gia tri b HCVF2 BangS £/em chirng vd ddnh gid cdc gid tri HCVF2 tgi phan khu PHST Yeu t6/Chi sl Bdnh gid HT TV Kiem chiing Ban hien trang nam 2012 va Tdi lieu "Tiem nang va phat trien" cua KBT nam 2012 2.4 Co quan the loai trpng yeu Bao cao tai nguyen dpng thuc vat ciia KBT nam 2011 TB 2.1 La phan ciia dai rimg lien Trung binh 6,5 So voi phan khu BVNN, a ddy gia tri 5/10 Nhu vdy, khu v\rc HCVF2 khdng HCVF2 chi cd 2/4 thudc tinh dupc ghi nhdn thuc sir tdn tai nhung qua ddnh gia chi cd chi sd dat gia tri c HCVFS Bang Kiim chumg vd ddnh gid cdc gid tri HCVFS tgi phdn khu PHST Yeu tl/Chi so Bdnh gid Kiem chung TP 3.1 Co kieu riing kin thuong xanh tren vung ddt thdp (Xem footoote 1) TV TB Bao cao tai nguyen ddng thuc vat nam 2011 va kilm chiing thuc dia 3.2 Kieu rung tren dac trung Bao cao tai nguyen dpng thuc vat cho khu vuc nghien ciiu nam 2011 va kiem chiingfliucdia 32 HT 5,6 Tnmg binh TAP CHI KHOA H Q C VA C O N G N G H E L A M N G H I E P S - 2014 6,8 Ldm sinh HCVF3 tai day la mdt nhiing gjd tri tren viing ddt thdp dupc kiem chiing va danh bao tdn cao dap iing dupe 1/2 yeu cdu theo bd gid la HST da hi tdc dpng manh va khong phai cong cu cua WWF (2008) va cd chi sd dudi la kilu rimg dac trung cho KBT d i l m danh gid HST rimg kin thtrdng xanh d HCVF4 Bang 10 Kiem chumg vd ddnh gid cdc gid triHCVF4 tgi phdn khu PHST Ddnh gia Ylu t6/Chi sl Kiem chirng TP HT TV 4.1.1 Rimg dupc xac dinh la Ban dd hien trang ning va dat LN riing phdng hp (RPH) ciia KBT phan chia theo bai riing 2012 4.2.1 Dien tich rung dupc cong ddng (CD) qui dinh Id RPH hoac dupc CD bdo ve Ban hien trang riing va ddt LN phan chia theo loai rung 2012; Kit qua phdng vdn Tmng binh HCVF4 cd vai trd tri, d i l u tilt ngudn Ddng Nai, cung cdp nudc cho cd cdc khu cdng nudc va phdng chdng sat Id lu quet cho cpng nghiep va xung quanh khu vuc tinh Ddng ddng dan cu thupc xa Phii Ly va dupc cpng Nai, hd thuy dien Tri An dong bdo ve Nhu vdy, HCVF4 cd gia tri djch HCVF5 Vll mdi truang diSu hda ngudn nudc cho sdng Bdng 11 Kiem chung vd ddnh gid cde gid tri HCVFS tgi phdn khu PHST ^.A , Ddnh gia Kiem chimg -==r——=; ^ , , Yeu to/Chi so = 5.1 Cd cdc CD sinh song ben Bao cdo dieu kien tu nhien va KT-XH hoac gan rimg nam 2011; Ket qua dieu tra hi?n tmong 5.2 CD sir dung rimg de dap Bao cdo dieu kien tu nhien va KT-XH ling cac nhu cau ca bdn ndm 2011; Kit qua dilu tra hien trudng 5.3 Cac nhu cau tren la nhu cdu Bao cdo kinh ^ dia phuang va van hoa ciia n^n fang cua CD (xem footnote 2) ngii6idan(2011)vdkltquaMiaosat hlgntrudng Gia tri HCVF5 dupc danh gid la mpt frpng TP XI> HT MT TV XV TB 9 9 9 9 9 Trung binh 9 ciia tai nguydn rung tai phdn khu PHST nhihig HCV quan trpng tai phdn khu PHST ddi voi cpng ddng cao hon so vdi a phan khu Ket qud kilm chung cho thdy gid tri ndy hien BVNN Day la mpt gid tri cdn dupc d?c biet huu d cd chi sd va d i l m sd ddnh gid kha cao chii y cdng tac phdt triin vd quan Iy rimg la 9/10 (frong a phdn khu BVNN dilm tai phan khu PHST frong KBT danh gid la 8/10) Dieu cho thdy tam quan / HCVF Bdng 12 Kiem chdng vd ddnh gid cdc gid tri HCVFS tgi phdn khu PHST Bdnh gid YIU to/Chi s6 Kiem chiing TP HT TV 6.1 Co CD sinh song ben frong ~ 10 hay gdn khu vuc nghien cuu 6.2 CD sii dyng rung cho myc Bao cdo KT-XH dia phuong va 10 dich nhgn diin vdn hoa cua hp (xem van hda ngudi ddn, 2011 Du an phat 88 10 footnote 3)^ triin KBT din nam 2020 Ket qud 6.3 Khu rtaig cd vai fro quan dilu fra hifin trucmg 9 frpng frong viec nh^n d^ng van hoa ^n Trung binh cua CD ^ ^ T ^ P CHI K H O A H O C VA C O N G N G H E L A M N G H I E P SO - 2014 TB 9 9 33 Ldm sinh Cung nhu d phdn khu BVNN, tai phan khu PHST gid tri HCVF6 dupc kiem chung ro net nhdt thong qua cdc le hpi, ngdn ngii, frang phuc va cdc san phdm tir riing dupc luu truyen, ket tinh tinh hoa van hda ciia cdc cdng dong sdng frong vimg Vdi ket qud kiem chiing fren cho thdy HCVF6 la gia tri bdo tdn cao hien huu va dupc ddnh gid vdi diem trung binh dat 9/10 Dieu cho thdy su phu thupc rdt chat ehe ciia cdng ddng dan cu vai riing de tri Cling nhu nhdn dien van hda cua hp Tuy nhien, qua dieu fra cho thdy khu vuc cdn cd mpt gid tri khdc md frong bp cdng cu ciia WWW (2008) chua d l xudt dd Id gid tri lich sur-vdn hoa Tai ddy, khu di tich lich sii^ Trung uang cue miln Nam dupc thdnh lap thdi ky 1961-1962 va tror thdnh "ddu nao" lanh dgo cdch mang frong khdng chien chong My, noi ndm fren duomg Hd Chi Minh huyin thoai va gan lien vdi bao s\r kien, chi6n cdng gdp phdn to lon vdo cdng cupc gidi phdng miln Nam nam 1975 Ngay nay, dia danh ndy frd thdnh mpt di tich van hda vat thS cdp qudc gia da dupc Bp Van hda-Thong tin cdng nh§n ngdy 19-1-2004 3 Danh gia cdc m6i de doa toi nhihig gid tri bdo t^n cao va de xuat chien luig^c tiim nang KBT Bdng 13 Xdc djnh cdc moi de dga doi vdi ede HCVF vd gidi phdp khac phge Gid trj Cac moi de dga chung - San bat ca va DV riing (tii Binh Phudc) - Xay dung dudng sa vao TW cue - Khai thac frai phep gd vd LSNG - Tai khu PHST cd cdc hogt dpng xdy dung cdc mo hinh san xuit ndng lam n ^ g i , dua cay n h ^ npi vao (Keo, Tich, Bach dan ) - Cac hoat dpng khai hoang, lam ray, frdng rimg sdn xuat viing giap ranh KBT - Md cac tuyen dudng vdo khu du ljch - Khai thac go va LSNG lam thay ddi ket cau kieu rimg thudng xanh vimg ddt thdp - Khai hoang d phan khu PHST - Han hdn frong mua kho va bi^n ddi h|u - Cau tnic riing bi tac d^ng lam gidm hieu nang phong hp; giam cac gJd trj djch vu mdi trudng ciia rimg - Khai thac LSNG theo kifiu tdn di?t, tdi nguy6n mat kha nang tu phuc hoi - Mdt dan he thdng kien thiic ban dia frong khai thac va su dyng ben vimg tai nguyen rimg cua cpng dong - Vat lieu thay thi LSNG nhu polime (day budc, rd ) hay vai det cdng nghiep - Di dan tu lam tang dan sd ca hpc - Su giao thoa van hda cd the Iam cho van hda tmyenflidngbj Gidi phdp Tang cudng giao dye mdi trudng dya vao cpng ddng Tang cudng quan ly va nghiem cam cac hinh thiic san bat dpng vat va dimg xung difin, thuoc nd ddnhcd Quy hogch rimg va ddt rimg cho c^ng ddng san xuat nong-lam nghi^ nham bdo dam sinh kfi va giam thieu cdc xung dot lpi ich gifia sinh kl va bdo ton Gidi ban dupc qui mo phat trifin du ljch frong KBT dac bi^t la cac logi hinh du Hch sinh thai, du ljch tdm hnh va di tich ljch sii frong phan khu PHST; timg budc tinh todn cac gid tri djch vu mdi trucmg rimg • The he tre khdng quan tdm nhifiu tdi van hda tmyln frong KBT thdng - Khdng cd hinh thiic bao tdn van hoa truyin thdng IV K E T L U ^ Tai phan khu BVNN, da xdc dinh dupc cd HCVF deu hipn hiiu, qua kiem chiing vd danh gid cho thdy gid tri HVCF3 dgt gid frj cao nhdt; 34 cdc HCVF1,2,4 dgt gid fri cao nhung van cdn thieu mpt sd cdc thupc tinh vd chi sd; frong do, HCVF6 dupc danh gid Id thap nhdt vd cd nhieu nguy ca gidm siit Nhimg k i t qud fren T A P c m KHOA H Q C VA C O N G N G H E L A M NGHIlIlP SO - 2014 Ldm sinh cho thdy mpt sir chua hodn chmh vl cdc gid tri bao tdn cao ciia KBT tai phan khu BVNN Ddy la nhung thdch thiic ldn ttong cdng tac qudn ly rung hien Tai phan khu PHST, qua kilm chiing va ddnh gia hai gia fri HCVF2 va HCVF3 khdng tdn tai CJ HCVF2, mac du dilm trung binh Id 6,5/10 nhung chi sd 2.4 chi dat gid tri Tuang tu, HCVF3, dilm ddnh gid tmng binh 6,8/10 nhung chi s6 3.2 chi dat 5,6/10 Nhu vay, nhiing HCVF fren khdng tdn tai Ben canh dd, d phan khu cho thdy HCVFl dupc danh gid dat 6,2/10 nghia la da can ke vdi ngudng mat gid tri bao tdn Tuy nhien, a day cd HCVF4,5,6 dupc danh gia cao Day la nhiing gid tri bdo tdn can dupc luu giii va phdt huy Cdc mdi de dpa tiem dn cd the ldm mat cdc HCVF tai KBT ciing da dupc xac djnh Nguyen nhan dan tdi van la cdc xung dot lpi ich giiia muc ti6u bao tdn cac gia tri ttr rung vdi sinh ke ciia cpng ddng ddn cu xung quanh rimg Qui hoach chi tiet; tang cudng giao due mdi trudng dua vao CD va tgo sinh kl cho ngudi dan dupc coi la nhung giai phdp tiim ndng frong bao ve va phdt trien cac HCVF tai KBT TAI LIEU THAM KHAO CISDOMA (2009) Du dn qudn ly rimg co gid trf bdo ton cao Tir lieu Dvr an KBT thien nhien van hoa D6ng Nai (2009) Danh luc dgng thtfc vdt rimg tgi KBT Tai li?u lira tru KBT KBT thien nhien van hoa D6ng Nai (2012) Bdo cdo diiukihitu nhien, KTXHtgi KBT Tai lieu Iim trii KBT KBT thien nhien van hoa Dong Nai (2012) Tiim ndng vdphdt trien lk\ lieu luu trii KBT UBND tinh D6ng Nai (2008) Phe duyet kit qud rd sodt quy hoach quy hogch logi rung Irin dia bdn tinh Ddng Nai Tai lieu lmi hanh tai KBT WWF Chuang trinh Viet Nam ( 2008) Bp Cdng cu xdc dfnh rimg co gid trf bdo tdn cao Vift Nam Hd Ngi HIGH CONSERVATION VALUES IN DONG NAI CULTURE NATURAL RESERVE Tran Van Mui, Pham Xuan Hoan, Bui Due Dan, Tran Thi Ngoan SUMMARY The research was carried out by applying and approach methods of Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) in verification and monitoring of high conservation value forest (HCVF) according to toolkit of WWF in 2008 at Dong Nai Culture- Nature Reserve (KBT) Research results include the identification, verification and assessment of HCVF At forests are divided into two subdivisions including an area under strictly protected and an area for ecological restoration In the zone under strict protection all six high conservation value forest (HCVF6) are existed, verified and assessed However, in this zone, a number of attributes and indicators are unable to meet the requirements for a HCVF Similarly, in ecological restoration subdivision, only 4/6 high conservation values high conservation values are present and many attributes, the index is unable to meet the requirements An important result is in HCVF6 at conservation zones should be adding a new index, it is the value of historical which in the toolkit of the WWF in 2008 has not been mentioned The study results also identify and analyze the risk of adverse impacts on the HCVF and provide solutions for conservation strategies and develop HCVF at Nature Reserve Keywords: Ecological restoration, high conservation value, nature Reserve, strictly protected Ngirdi phan bi@n PGS.TS Hoang Van Sam Ng^y nhan bdi 15/8/2014 Ngfky phdn bi^n 22/8/2014 Ngdy quyet dfnh dang 07/9/2014 T^P CHI KHOA HQC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO - 2014 35 ... tilt ngudn Ddng Nai, cung cdp nudc cho cd cdc khu cdng nudc va phdng chdng sat Id lu quet cho cpng nghiep va xung quanh khu vuc tinh Ddng ddng dan cu thupc xa Phii Ly va dupc cpng Nai, hd thuy dien... 9 9 9 9 Trung binh 9 ciia tai nguydn rung tai phdn khu PHST nhihig HCV quan trpng tai phdn khu PHST ddi voi cpng ddng cao hon so vdi a phan khu Ket qud kilm chung cho thdy gid tri ndy hien BVNN... cd gid tri bdo tdn cao khong the hifn rd la vimg sinh cdnh da dang, phong phii Cdc cpng dong dia phuang he smh thdi rimg d khu vuc nghien cim khdng dupc coi la dac tnmg cho khu vuc nghien cihi