KHOA HOC CONG NGHE AIVH HUOIXIG H O A T D O M E CUA IVHA M A Y X U LY CHAT THAI R A | \ I S I I V H H O A T K H E GIAIMG DEIM CHAT LUOIMG M O I TRUOIMG XUIMG QUAIMH Nguydn Thg Bmh^ ̂ Cao Trudng Son ̂[.]
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE AIVH HUOIXIG H O A T D O M E C U A IVHA M A Y X U LY C H A T T H A I R A | \ I S I I V H H O A T K H E GIAIMG DEIM CHAT LUOIMG M O I TRUOIMG XUIMG QUAIMH Nguydn Thg Bmh^ ^ Cao Trudng Son^- ^ Dinh Thj Thu', Nguy&i Thi My' T6MTAT Nghien cihi dugc thuc hien nham danh gia anh huong cua Nha may xii ly chat thai ran (CTI^ smh hogt Khe Giang d^n chat lirgng moi trudng dat nude, khong frong pham vi ban kinh 500 m xung quanh nha mdy, Cac phirong phdp thu thap so Heu thii cap; lay mdu va phan tich moi trudng; so sanh vdi cac quy chuan mdi trudng da duoc sir dung Ket qua nghien ciiu chi ring Chat Iuong moi truong nuoc mat frong ban kinh 500 m quanh nha may da bi nhi^m bdi cac chat hiru cokhi nong COD, BOD va amoni da vugt qua nguOng cho phep ciia QCVN08:2015 cot BI Chat lugng moi tnrdng dat, nuoc dudi dat va khong hien khd tdt cac thong sd theo doi deu nim dudi ngirong cho phep cua cac quy chuan moitiirdnghien hanh Anh hudng cua nha may xir ly chat thai ran sinh hoat Khe Giang den moi tnrdng nude mat va khflng Id ro rang ndng cac chat nhiem hai moi trudng deu cd xu hudng gia tang Ngugc lai anh hudng cua nha may d^n chal lugng mdi trudng dat va nude dudi ddt khong ro rang Tii khda: Anh budng, chat lupng nidi trudng nha may xdly chat thai dn sinh boat Khe Giang I.MOBAU Nha mdy xu ly CH? sinh boat Khe Giang ddt lai xa Thugng Ydn Cdng, phd Udng Bi dugc dua vdo hogt ddng hi ndm 2016 vdi cdng suat dot rdc 200 tiin/ngay da gdp phan giup cho tinh Quang Nmh ndi chung va thdnh phd Udng Bi ndi ridng giai quydt hidu qua van de CTR phdt sinh va bao ve mdi trudng xanh-sach-dep Tuy nhien qua frinh hogt ddng va vdn hanh nha may UBND phd Udng Bi cd nhdn duoc nhieu y kidn cda guoi ddn ve cac tdc ddng cua nha mdy xie ly CTR Khe Giang den moi trudng khu vuc xung quanh (UBND phd Udng Bi, 2018) Tren thuc te boat ddng ddt rac neu khong dugc kiem sodt nghidm ngat cd the lam phat sinh nhidu chat d nhidm thii cap (dac biet la dioxin), gay tdc dgng xau den chat luong mdi trudng va ddi sdng cua ngudi dan xung quanh cac khu vuc Id dot rac da dugc canh bao (Bg Tai nguyen va Mdi trudng 2013) Do dd, quan frdc vd giam sdt chat luong mdi trudng xung quanh cac nha may ddt rac la viec lam can thiet de kip thdi phat hien cac tdc ddng xau vd dua nhimg giai phdp can thiep kip thdi nhdm bao ve mdi tnrdng va siic khoe ngudi dan Nghidn ciiu dugc thuc hien nhdm danh gia anh hudng cua boat ddng dot rac cua nha mdy xu ly CTR Khe Giang den chat lugng cdc thdnh phdn mdi frudng xung quanh nhir dat, nude mdt, nude dudi dat, khdng frong khu vuc ban kinh 500 m xung quanh nha may PHUDNG PHAP NGHBI CUU 2.1 Dia di^m vd pham vi nghidn cdu 2.1.1 Dia didm nghien cdu Nhd may xu ly CTR smh boat Khe Giang ndm tai dia ban xdm Khe Giang, thdn Tdp Doan, thdnh Udng Bi Tdng dien tich khu vuc nhd mdy 59.149 m^ vdi cac hang muc cdng trinh gdm khu dieu bdnh (nhd dieu hdnh, nha true, trgm cdn didn tii, khu vuc de xe CBCNV) khu sdn xuat (khu nha mdy, xudng san xuat vd sdn bai vat heu) va khu vuc dat cay xanh (dudng di ndi bd, hdng rao xung quanh nha may vd he thdng thoat nude) Nha mdy xir ly CTR sinh hogt Khe Giang sir dung cdng nghe ddt rdc vdi cdng suat ddt 200 tan rac/ngay ddm Nha may chinh thiic di vdo boat dgng tii ddu ndm 2015 2.1.2 Pham vi nghien cthi Chat lugng mdi frudng dat, nude, khdng khu vuc frong pham vi ban kinh 500 m xung quanh nhd mdy xu ly CTR Khe Giang dugc xac dinh la khu vuc chiu tac ddng (Theo QCVN07:2015/BXD) Trung tam Ky thuat tai nguyen Dai \a Moi trudng ' Khoa Moi tnrdng Hoc vien Nong nghiep Viet Nam M A ^ ^ ? „ W S «Lj*TTmeVi MOMG T H O N - K Y -THANG 9/2019 KHOA HOC C N G NGHt 2.2 Cdc phirong p h ^ nghidn ciiu gdm: pH Eh TSS COD NH/ NO3 KLN (Cu Pb, Zn.Cd,As) • Mdu khdng khi: Tuong tu mau ddt va nude Thu thdp cac thdng tin du lieu cd lidn quan tdi 17 mdu khdng dd dugc tien banh Idy tai cac di^m de tai tii UBND xd Thugng Ydn Cdng; Phdng Tai khac xung quanh khu vuc nhd may dd dgc nguydn & Mdi truong thdnh Udng Bi vd Nha cac chi tieu: CO, NO., SO, TSP, PMi„ tidng dn mdy xu ly CTR sinh hogt Khe Giang Trong dd, 10 mdu lay frong phgm vi bdn kinh 2.2.2 Phuongphap lay miu mdi trudng 500 m • Mdu dat: Tidn hdnh lay 17 mdu dat tang mdt xung quanh nhd may tgi cac khu vuc canh tac dat vtrdn cua ngudi dan Vj fri cua cdc mdu dat nude, khdng xung Trong dd cd 10 mdu frong pham vi ban kinh 500 m va quanh nhd may dugc md ta nhu frong so dd hinh mdu ngoai pham vi ban kinh 500 m quanh nha may Cdc thdng so chat lupng ddt dugc Udn hdnh phdn lich gdm: pH, KLN (Cu Pb Zn Cd, As) OC (chat hiru CO dat), CEC (dung Hch Cabion trao ddi) • Mau nude mdt: 17 mau nude mdt dd dugc lay trdn muong nude vd ao khu vuc xung quanh nhd mdy dd tidn hdnh phan tich cdc chi Ueu: pH, due, nhigt dp, DO, TSS BODs COD NH^', NO3 P O / Coliiorm, KLN (Cu, Pb, 2n, Cd, As) Trong dd 10 mdu nude mdt dugc tidn hdnh lay frong pham vi lac dpng (trong bdn kinh 500 m) va mdu ddi chung (ngoai ban kinh 500 m) Hmh VifriMy miu mdi frudng xung quanh Nhd • Mdu nude dudi dat: 17 mau nude dudi dat dd mdy xu ly CTR sinh hogt Khe Giang dugc tien banh Idy lgi cac gieng khoan dang sir dung Phuong phdp lay mdu cdc thdnh phan mdi cua cdc ho gia dinh sdng xung quanh khu virc nhd tnrdng tuan thii theo quy dinh hidn hanh cua Bp Tdi may frong pham vi nghidn ciiu (bdn kinh 500 m) Cdc thdng sd timg thdng sd mdi tnrdng duoc chi bang chat luong nude ngam duoe lira chgn de phdn tich 2.2.1 Thu thap sdheu thu cap Th6ng so Bang C^c phuone ph