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JOURNAL OF SCIENCE OF HNUE DOI; 10 18173/2354 1075 2016 0033 Educational Sci , 2016, Vol 61, No 3, pp 105 113 This paper is available online at http //stdb hnue,edu vn CONG TAC NGHIEN CtTU VA HOAT DON[.]
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE OF HNUE DOI; 10.18173/2354-1075.2016-0033 Educational Sci., 2016, Vol 61, No 3, pp 105-113 This paper is available online at http://stdb.hnue,edu.vn CONG TAC NGHIEN CtTU VA HOAT DONG GIANG DAY, HOC TAP LI LUAN CHINH TRI C* CAC TRUCJNG DAI HOC CAO DANG HIEN NAY Nguyen Hong Quy Trudng Dgi hpc Kinh ti - Ludt Dgi hoc Qude gia Tp Ho Chi Minh Tom tat Cong tac H ludn nbi chung, cong tac nghien cflu, giang day va dao lao If luan chfnh Iri noi neng dong vai trb lo Ibn irong dbi sbng xa hoi, gbp philn vao qua irinh dn djnh xa hgi, dong ihuan ve Irf trfbng, dau Iranh chdng cac quan diem sai Irai, bao ve che dp, tham mrfu, hien ke cho Dang va Nha nrfbc viec hogch dinh drfbng l6i phal tnen dat nrfbc Dpi ngii lam cong tac li luan chi'nh tri ia nhflng ngrfbi lien phong irong viec bien the gidi quan khoa hgc va ti trfdng dan chu, nhan van, sang tao nen nhieu san pham co gia trj drfdc xa hpi thfla nhin, danh gia lich cflc Bai viet de cap den cong tac nghien cflu va hoat dpng giang day hpc tap cac mon If luan chi'nh tri d cac irrfdng dai hoc va cao dang hien nay, dong Ihbi drfa mot so giai phap nhdm nang cao cong iac Tit khda: Chu nghia M a c - L e n i n , Doi mbi ; Doi ngu giang vien, Giang vien; Lf luar chinh tri; Trf trfbng Ho Chf Minh Md dau Li luan chi'nh tri d nrfdc ta hien dflbc hie'u Id he thdng nhflng nguyen li cd ban cfla chu nghTa Mde - Lenin, tfl tfldng H d Chi Minh, dfldng loi, quan diem ciia Dang Cdng sdn Viet Nam, chu trfldng, chfnh sdch, phdp luat cua Nha nflbc, cung vbi nhflng tinb hoa trf trfdng chinh trj cua dan tdc va nhan Ioai Li Iuan chi'nh trj lii sdn pha'm cua hoat dgng nghien cflu ve If luan va thflc tien chi'nh trj cua giai cap cdng cugc ddu tranh gianh, gifl va xdy dflng chinb quyln nha nfldc, nd phan anh li'nh quy ludt cua cdc quan hf kinh te - chinh trj - xd hdi, the hien ldi ich va thdi cua giai cap cdng nhan va nhan dan lao ddng doi vbi viee xdy dflng nha nfldc phdp quyen xd hdi chu nghTa, la cdng cu quan trgng eho vifc bao ve va xdy dflng td qudc Viet Nam xa hdi chu nghTa Chinh vi vdy, viec nghien cflu, gidng day va hgc tap cdc mdn li luan chinh tri cac Irfldng dai hgc va cao dang d nfldc ta hien Id mdt the Ihong nhdl, khdng the tach rdi Noi dung nghien cu'u Giao due dai hgc ndm he thong nen giao due quoc dan, cd "vj tri dac biet" va "tfnh dac thu rieng" eua nd Sd dT ndi Id vj trf ddc biet bbi dai hgc Id dinh thdp cua he thong cap bac ddo tao, vdi sfl menh Id ddo lao ehuyen gia, cung cdp cho xa hdi nguon nhdn lflc chat Ifldng cao Tinh dac thu rieng cua gido due dai hgc Id gidng day, hgc tap d bdc dai hoc gdn lien vdi viec nghien cflu khoa hgc Giang vien dai hgc chi dung nghia nlu ho dflng tren buc giang vdi tfl each "nha khoa Ngay nhan bai 10/10/2015 Ngay nhan dang 10/2/20 i Lien he, Nguyen Hong Quy c-mail hongquyvnuhcmGigmail com Nguyen Hdng Quy hoc" neu hp lien hdnh hoat ddng day hgc nhfl cdng vifc nghien eflu khoa hgc tbflc sfl, ddng nhdt va thong nhat Mdi trflbng gido due dai hpc phai la mdi trflbng cua tfl tfldng hoc thudt, van hda, phan anh vd the hien dflbc tinh hoa trf tue cua dat nflbc, ciia qudc gia ddn ldc, Vict Nam dang cdng bdi nhdp sdu rpng vdo ddi song quoc Ce, Crong dd cd ca hdi nhdp vl khoa hoc - cbng nghe gido due dao tao bdi day la nhflng ITnb vflc Chen chdt, drfdc coi la nen cdng dc ihuc day kinh tl phdl phdc trien dd dfldc khdng chi Viet Nam md nhieu quoc gia tren thi gidi hien coi la qudc sdch quan trgng hang dau Gido due dai hgc (gdm ed sau dai hoe) phdi no lflc vrfbt bdc, lien kip mat bang chung cua khu vrfc, qudc te va thi gibi, xflng dang la difn mao trf tue, tinh than cua dan tpc cd truyin thong van hda va van hien ngan nam Trong nhflng ndm vfla qua, dfldi anh sang cua tf luan Mac - Lenin, tfl ttfdng Ho Chi Minh va dflbng loi cbfnh sach dung dan cua Dang, nhdn ddn la da Iam nen nhflng trfu to Idn cb y ngbia Ijch sfl Tuy nhien, hifn "nfldc Ca vdn dang dflng Crfldc nhieu thach thflc to Ibn, dan xen nhau, lae dgng long hdp va dien bien phflc lap Nguy cd tut hau xa hdn ve kmh te vbi nhieu nrfbc khu vrfc va the gidi van tdn tai Tinh trang suy thoai ve chinb trj, trf irfdng, dao dflc ldi song cua mdt bd phdn khdng nhd cdn bd, dang vien, te quan lieu tham nhung, ldng phi cdn nghiem trgng Nhflng bieu hien xa rbi muc lieu xa hpi chu nghTa, "lfl dien bien", "tfl chuyen hba" cb dien bien phflc tap Cac the Iflc thu djch tiep tue thflc bien am mrfu "dien bien hba binh" gay bao loan lat do, sfl dung cdc chieu bai "ddn chu", "nhan quyen" hdng lam thay doi che db chinh tri b nflbc ta"[l;29] Tinh trang tren cd nbieu nguyen nhan, song mdt nhflng nguyen nhan quan irong lii "cdng tac nghien cflu If ludn, long kel thflc lien chfla ldm sdng td dflbc mdt so vjin de ve dang cdm quyen, ve ehu nghia xa hgi vd drfbng di len chu nghTa xd hgi b nflbc la Tfnh chien IrfOc, tfnh thuyet phue, bieu qua cua cdng tac trf trfbng cdn ban chl, thieu sdc ben dau iranh chong am mrfu, thu doan "dien bien hda binh" eugc van ddng "Hoc lap va lam theo tam grfdng dao dflc Ho Chi Minb" chrfa thrfc srf di vdo chieu sau d mgt so ndi cbn mang tfnh hinh thflc, hieu qua chrfa cao "[2; 172-173] Trong khang djnh nhflng kel qud tfch erfc eua cdng lac If Iuan nhflng nam doi mbi vfla qua, Nghj quyet 37-NQ/TW cua Bd Chinh tn ve cdng tac If luan da chi rd "cbng tac li luan cdn nhflng han chl, khuylt diem Nhin chung, li ludn ebn lac hau, tfnh dfl bao thap ket qua nghien cflu If ludn chfla ddp flng tot yeu cau cua thflc tien Nghien cflu ve tinh hinh the gibi khu vrfc va van de thbi dai chfla sau sdc, loan dien Kit qua nghien cflu ve chu nghia Mdc - Lenin, trf trfdng Ho Cbf Minh cbn dan trai, tfnh he thong chrfa cao, chfla gdn kel chat che vdi nhrfng viin de thrfc tien dang ddt ddi ngu can bd If ludn ddng, nhrfng khdng manh cdng tdc tuyen iruyen, giao due, bdi drfbng Ii Iudn chinh trj edn han che ve chat Irfdng, trung tdp ve ndi dung, chrfdng trinh gido trinh; chdm doi mbi ve phflbng phap " [3, 2] Nhfl vdy, tbflc lien dd'i mdi va hdi nhdp qudc te dang ddt nhflng van de cap bach, dbi hdi cdng tde Ii tuan (nhdl la hoat ddng nghien cflu, gidng day va hgc tap If Iuan chfnh tn) cdc trflbng dai hgc, cao ddng hien phai cd bfldc ehuyen minh de ddp flng ihrfc lien Ket luan 94-KT^/TW eua Ban Bf thrf vl ulp tuc ddi mdi viec hgc tap Ii ludn ehinh crj he thong giao due quoc dan da nhan manh: "Ddi mdi viec hgc tdp li tudn chfnh trj he thdng giao due qubc dan nham tao brfdc tien mdi, cd kit qua, chat Irfbng cao hdn, gdp phan lam cbo chu nghia Mac - Lenin, tfl tfldng Ho Chi Minh vd drfbng loi, quan diem cua Dang gifl vai trd chii dao Irong dbi song xa hdl" [4, I] Muon vdy, trfldc hit phdi "xdy dflng cho dflbc ddi ngu giao vien li luan chfnh trj tam huyet, yeu nghe, tuyel ddi trung thdnh, cd niem lin, cb kien thflc mdi gan vbi rhrfc lien Day Id nhan to quylt djnh sfl cdng cua vife tilp tuc ddi mdi hgc tdp If Iuan chinh tn uong nha trflbng" [5; 2] Cong ldc nghien cdu vd hogt eldng gidng dgy hgc tdp li ludn chinh In d cdc truimg dai hoc Ljeh sfl phat trii'n eua khoa hgc vd thflc lien cdch mang dd xac dmh tfnh quy ludt cua qua ttinh li luan tdc ddng den thflc tien de hien Ihflc hda If Iuan: Lf Iuan phdi phdn dnh dung quy ludt phal trien khach quan cua xa hdi va nhu cau, ldi ich cua qudn chflng; Li Iudn phdi drfgc tham nhdp vao quan chung de trd thdnh trf ifldng, tinh cam, niem tin, y ehi cai tao hien thflc cua quan chung; Lt Iuan phai the hifn minh muc dich, ndi dung, chfldng trinh, ke hoach va phfldng phdp boat ddng cua quan chung; Td chflc boat ddng thflc lien cua quan ehung de thflc hifn hda Ii ludn [6, tr.289] Tfldng flng vdi cinh quy Iudt cua qua trinh tac ddng ndi Iren, cdng tac ti tudn chi'nh tri b cac trfldng dai hgc, cao ddng bao gdm hinh Chflc hoat ddng cb ban: Hoat ddng nghien cflu If tudn chinh trj; Hoat ddng giang day If ludn chi'nh tri; Hoat dgng giao due chfnh tri tfl tflbng 2.1 Hoat dong nghien cihi li luan chi'nh tri Hifn nay, chii nghia tfl ban van tiep tuc tdn tai va ed nhflng bfldc phdt trie'n mdi nhd qud trinh "lfl dieu chinh" qua trinb van dgng vd phdt tnen Trong dd, chu nghTa xd hdi van chfla khdi cudc khung hoang: loan cau hda vfla mang yeu to tfch erfc vfla mang yeu to tieu cflc dang tac dgng manh me den mgi ITnh vflc cua dbi sdng xa hgi tren pbam vi loan cau; cudc cdch mang khoa hoc cdng nghe dang phat trie'n nhfl vu bdo lam eho tri thflc khoa hgc trd thdnh Ifle trfdng san xuat trflc tiep vd trd dgng Iflc cua kinh le in thflc; cdng cudc ddi mdi va hdi nhdp quoc te d nfldc ta da va dang dat dfldc nhflng thanb tflu to ldn Tuy nbien, nfldc la van dang dflng trflbc nhieu nguy cb va thdch thflc Ibn, dd "nguy cd tut hdu xa hdn ve kinh le so vdi cdc nfldc khu vflc va the gidi van ton tai Tinh trang suy thodi ve chfnh trj, trf irfbng, dao dflc, toi sdng eua mdt bd phan khdng nhd can bd dang vien gdn vbi te quan lieu, tham nhiing, lang phf la nghiem Cdc the tflc thu djch van tiep tue thfle hien am mflu dien bien hda binb" [7, tr 184-185] Trong boi canh ndi tren, can phdi dd'y manh hoat ddng nghien cflu If ludn chinh tri b cdc irflbng dai hgc, cao dang nham tim nhflng bflbe di mdi, nhflng binh thflc mbi cho phu hdp vdi xu the hdi nhap phat trien cua dat nfldc, dam bdo tbeo dung dinh hflbng xd hdi ehu nghla De phu hbp vdi tinh hinh mdi hien nay, hoat ddng nghien cflu li luan chinb tri d cdc trflbng dai bgc, cao ddng can tap trung vao nhflng van de sau: Mdt la, nghien cflu vd due ket nhflng gid irj cb bdn, ben vflng cua chii nghTa Mdc - Txnin, lfl tfldng Hd Chl Minh Gia trj cd ban bin vflng cua chu nghia Mac - Lenm chi'nh Id d sfl chdn thflc ve khoa hgc, lfnh cdch mang cua nd vdi muc dfch giai phdng ngfldi tao ddng, gidi phdng xa hbi khdi moi dp bflc, bdc lot, mgi srf tba hda, thflc hifn mdt xd hdi edng bang, nhdn van va nhan dao Bdt chdp thdng tram cua Ijch sfl, tfl dbi den nay, chu nghTa Mdc - Lenin Iudn Iudn td rb sflc sdng mdnh lift cua minh; vbi "Iinh hon song" la phep bifn ehflng vdt, vbi "hbn da tang kinh te" Id hgc thuylt gid trj thang dfl, vbi nhflng phdt kien vT dai vat vl tich sfl ma ndi dung cb ban Id Ii ihuyel hinh thdi kinh te - xa hdi, vai trb tjch sfl cua giai cdp cdng nbdn Mgt nguyen If hay mdt quan diem nao do, cua chu nghTa Mac - T^nin cd the bi thfle tiln vfldt qua, nhflng ve long the, vbi lfl each la hpc ihuyet each mang va khoa hgc thi nd khdng mdt di, ma ngfldc lai, nb cdn sdng mai vbi Ihdi gian Ddc biet, kbi nen kinh te the gidi idm vao suy thoai ndng ne, khdng ft nhd xa hdi hgc, nha m tiidng dd cd ca nhflng hpe gia lfl san va dai difn cua gibi tfl san, da trd Iai vdi chu nghTa Mac - Lenin, ma thflc chat la trb lai vdi nhflng nguyen li cdn ban qudn If kinh tl - xd hdi cua hgc thuyet ve chu nghTa xa hdi Dieu db cang ehflng td, chti nghTa Mdc - Lenin cho den vdn la dinh cao cua trf tue loai ngflbi Cho du cd phdi bd sung, phdt trien, hoan thien (ddy td dieu tdt ylu) thi nhflng ngi dung cd bdn cua chu nghia Mdc - Lenin dilu kien hien vdn gifl nguyen gia frj Chu nghTa Mdc - Lenin vdn Id vu If ludn sde ben cua giai cdp cdng nhan va nhdn dan lao ddng bi dp bflc tren todn the gidi cude dau tranh de tfl giai phdng minh Viec cdc the lflc thu 107 Nguyen Hong Qu) dich eang sflc bai bac chu nghia Mdc - Lenin thi edng chflng td linh dung dan, tinh khoa hgc va tfnh each mang cua chu nghTa Mdc - Lenin, Tfl dbi cbo den nay, nhd ndm vflng va vdn dung sdng tao ban chat khoa hgc va each mang cua chu nghTa Mac - Lenin, Dang ta da dan ddt each mang Viet Nam di tfl thdng ldi din thdng Ibi khdc Dai bpi Dai bieu loan quoc lan thfl VTT cua Dang (nam 1991) da thdng qua Cfldng ITnh xdy dflng dat nfldc thbi ki qua dd len ehu nghia xa hdi, Irong dd khdng djnh: Ddng lay chu nghia Mac - I^nin, tfl itfdng Ho Chi Minh lam nen tdng lfl tfldng, kim chi nam cho hanh dpng Va qua cac ki dai hdi Dang ta van nhan manh: Dang va nhdn ddn la quyet tam xay drfng dat nrfbc Viel Nam tbeo eon drfbng xd hdi chu nghTa, tren nen tang chu nghTa Mac - l.enin, tfl trfdng Ho Chi Mmh Ddy la nhflng kel Iuan rut tfl ket qua tdng kit sdu sdc thflc tiln Ijch sfl cua Dang vd cdch mang Viet Nam, sudt qud trinh cdch mang tfl lap Dang den Dd la quyll djnh cd lam ljeh sfl quan trgng, the hien brfdc tien trf If ludn eua Dang ta Drfbng nhien, ndi kien djnh ehu nghia Mde - Lenin khdng cd nghTa Id rap khudn, gido dieu, dp dung mdt cdch may mdc ma phai van dung Hnh hoat, sang tao vdo dieu kien cu the; Kien djnh chu nghia Mae - T,enin la kien dmh nhflng nguyen tdc If ludn va phflbng phdp luan cua chu nghTa Mac - Lenin, nam vflng ban chat khoa hpe va each mang cua bpc thuyet, ddng chdi phai biet van dung va phdl trien sang lao nd Chfnh CMdc vd Ph.Angghen da tflng tuyen bd: Hoc thuyet cua cdc dng khdng phdl Id hoc thuyet nhdt thdnh bat bien ma td hgc ihuyet ve sfl phat trien, hgc thuyet cOa sfl phdt trien Va, V.I Lenin cung da tflng nhac nhb: "Chung la khdng he coi If ludn cua Mac nhfl la mdt cai gi da xong xudi hdn va bat khd xdm pham; trai tai, chung ta tin rdng, li Iudn dd chi dat nin mdng cho mdn khoa hpc md nhflng ngfldi xa bdi chu nghTa can phai phdt tnen hdn nfla ve mgi mdt, neu nhtf ho khdng mudn Irb lac hdu ddi vdi cube song" Hai la, nghien eflu ve ehu nghia tfl ban hien dai va chu nghia xd hdi hien tbflc, dong thbi nghien cflu lam sang td md hinh, ddc trflng cua chu nghia xd hdi va dfldng di ten ehii nghia xii hgi cua Viet Nam irong giai doan hien Dflng trtfdc nhflng thay ddi cua chu nghTa tfl ban, nhieu ngflbi cho rdng xa hdi tfl ban hifn khdng cdn giong xa hpi tfl ban the ki XTX va dau the kl XX nhrf C Mdc - Ph.Angghen va V.LLenin md ta nfla Ngrfbi ta tuyen bd hgc thuyet gid trj thdng dfl eua C Mde dd cdo chung va rang, chu nghTa tfl ban da phat trien len mdt btfdc mdi va khdng cdn la nd nfla Mdt dilu nfla chung ta cung can lrfu y la chung ta chrfa ddnh gia hit kha ndng co gian cua cb cau kinh le lfl ban ehu nghia, cung nhfl tinh linh hoat cua cbu ngbia tfl bdn Chfl nghTa Cfl ban hien dai da di rat xa Crong qua trinh loan cau hod san xuat xa hdi va nhdt the hod kinh te Sfl dieu tilt cua ttf ban tfl nhdn doi vbi cac qua trinh kinh te quyen chat vbi sfl dllu liet cua nha nflbc tfl san thdng qua cdng cu Iudt phdp - hdnh chinh - kinh le - xd hdi hit sflc da dang Vi vdy, ddnh gia chu nghTa tfl ban hien dai, can cdn nhac ca hai mdi Mot mat, dung la nhflng khuyet tat cua nd, nhflng mau thudn cua nd, nhflng cdn bd cua nd, van chfla mdt di Nhrfng mat khdc, ndng Iflc phat trie'n va lfl cdi tao cua nd, kha ndng ihi'ch flng cua nd \bi dieu kifn mdi, rb rang khdng nhd Nghien cflu chu nghTa xd hdi hien thflc vdi qua trinh ddi, tdn tai phat irien va khung hoang, suy thodi cung nhfl srf xudt hien mdi nhflng md hinh xa hdi xa hdi chii nghia Cren the gibi hien ddi hdi phai xem xet, ddnh gia vl linh chat cua ihdi dai ngdy Trien vong cua chii nghTa xa hdi dfldc bieu hien la kha nang phuc hdi cua chl dd xd hgi chu nghia tren the gidi sau thdi kt khung hoang suy thodi Cd sd khoa hoc eua cdc dfl bao vl chu nghia xa hdi bdt dau tfl ban chat flu viet, tien bg cua cbu nghia xa hgi so vbi ehu nghia xd lfl ban Sfl tdn tai eua chu nghia tfl bdn Id mdt thflc te nhrfng ban thdn cua chu nghia trf bdn bien dai cung dang khung hoang Mat khdc, cdc trao Iflu, xu hfldng mdi cua chu nghTa xa hdi the gibi dd va dang chflng minh sflc song cua ehu nghia xa hpi dieu kien mbi Cong ldc nghien cifu vd hoat dgng gidng dgy heic lap Uludn chinh tri d cdc irUimg dgi hgc Chu nghTa xa hdi hien thfle phai dfldc nhin nbdn tinh da dang, phong phu, sinh dgng cua thflc lien ma quan diem cua chu nghTa Mdc - Lenin dd tflng chl ddn Ngay quan nifm dung dan phii hbp ve chu nghTa xa hdi phal la sfl kit hdp nhflng nguyen If cua chu nghTa Mac - Lenin vdi nhflng gid tri trf irfdng, vdn hda fruyen thong von cd cua tflng quoc gia dan tdc dal Irong bdi canh cfla xa hgi dflbng dai Stf khdi phuc phdt trie'n da dang cua md hinh xa hdi xd hgi chu nghTa phu thudc rat ldn vao srf vdn dung dung ddn, sang Cao If luan Mdc - Lenin ve ehu nghTa xd hdi va ve xdy dflng chu nghTa xa hdi cua dang cdng sdn, cua dang cdng nban, dang canh ta tren thi gidi dieu kien hifn Nghien cflu, ddnh gia ve chu nghTa xa hgi hifn thflc va vl nhflng md hinh xd hdi xa hdi chu nghia tren thi gidi hien la van de Idn Nd dbi hdi vfla phdi cd nhan quan khoa hpc, lam nhin thflc lien sdu rgng Ba la, nghien cflu mdt each cb hf thdng dflbng ldi each mang cua Ddng Cdng sdn Vifc Nam Trong db, dac biet chu trgng dflbng Ioi doi mdi vd hdi nhdp qudc Ce; day manh cdng nghiep hda hien dai hda gdn vdi phal trien kinh tl tri Chflc; phat trien nen kinh te tbj trflbng dmh htfdng xa hdi chu nghia; xdy dflng nhd nflbc phap quyen xa hdi ehu nghia, xay drfng nen vdn hda tien tien, dam da ban sdc dan tpc Bdn Id, nghien cflu ve ngrfbi Vift Nam he thong gia tri truyen thdng ddn ldc de "cham Io xdy dflng eon ngflbi Viet Nam phat trie'n loan difn, trgng tam la boi dfldng tinh than yeu nrfbc, ldng trf hao dan tgc, dao dflc, Ioi sdng va nhan cdch Tao bfldc chuyen biln manh me ve nhdn thflc, ^ thflc ton trgng pbap ludt, moi ngflbi Viet Nam deu hie'u bill sdu sde trf hao, cdn vmh heh sfl, van hda ddn tdc" [8, tr.4] Nam la, nghien cflu ddi mdi chflbng trinh, nbi dung, hinh thflc va phflbng phap gidng day, hpc lgp If Iudn chi'nh trj d cac trflbng dai hge, cao dang phu hbp vdi doi tflbng hgc ldp va ddp flng yeu cdu, nhiem vu cua each mang Irong dllu kifn mdi Ddng thdi nghien cflu doi mdi phfldng thflc cugc ddu tranh ve tfl tfldng If Iudn chinh tri hien de bao vf chu nghTa Mac - Lenin, tfl trfdng Ho Chi Minh, Cflbng ITnh, drfbng loi, ehfnh sdch cua Dang va chong "dien bien hba binh", "ttf dien bien", "lfl chuyen hda" De cbng tdc nghien cflu If Iuan chfnh trj cd hieu qua cdc trflbng dai hgc, cao dang cdn phai cb ke hoach, cd Id trinb cu the de xay dflng chflbng trinh nghien cflu If Iudn chfnh Irj vdi cae de tdi khoa hgc cu the vd bo tri ngudn kinh phf trfdng flng 2.2 Hoat dong giang day va hoc tap M luan chinh tri Giang day va hgc tap li Iudn chinh trj d cdc trfldng dai hpc, cao dang Id hoat ddng dfla tri thflc Ii luan chfnh trj "tham nhdp vao quan chung", gbp phdn hinh tfl irfdng, niem tin, y chi each mang cua quan chung de ehuyen hda ii luan Irfe Irfdng vdt ehat cai tao hien thflc Do dd, ddi ngu giang vien giang day If luan chfnh tri la nhflng ngfldi tien phong viec phd bien the gidi quan khoa hoc va If ifldng dan chfl, nhan van, sdng tao nen nhieu san pha'm ed gia trj, dfldc xa hdi thfla nhdn, dfldc ddnh gia ti'ch cflc Ben canh nhflng qua dang khich If, chung ta phai thfla nhdn mdt each thdng than rdng edng tac giang day hpc tap li ludn chi'nh trj cdn nhieu bat cap, chat Iflbng day va hpe eac mdn If Iudn chi'nh tri hifn d cdc trrfbng dat hgc, cao dang dang ed dau hieu suy giam, cdng tae djnh hflbng, td ehflc, quan If chfla dap flng tdt nhflng dbi hbi cua sfl nghiep doi mdi chat Irfbng va muc tieu giao due, chfla tao drfdc srf ket ndi gifla ngfldi day va ngflbi hoc, gifla nhflng ngi dung sach vbi thflc tien cudc song Nhflng mau thuan vd bat cap chflbng irinh, gido trinh, chat Iflbng ddi ngu gidng vien day cdc mdn li ludn chfnh crj cang trd nen gay gat Hieu mdt each long the, boi canh hifn nay, tri thflc If ludn chinh trj can dflbc giang day va hgc tap d cac trflbng dai hgc, cao dang bao gom: Chu nghTa Mac - Lenin; Tfl iflbng Ho Chf Minh; Cfldng ITnh, dflbng loi chinh sdch cua Dang va phdp luat cua Nha nfldc; Gid Crj Cruyen Ihdng dan tgc va tinh hoa van hda nhdn loai 109 Nguyen Hdng Quy Thif nhdt, cbu nghTa Mae - Lenin la dinh cao Cri tuf va Cinh hoa van hda cua nhan Ioai, bao gdm (Triel bpc Mdc - Lenin; Kinh tl chi'nh trj Mac - Lenin; Cbu nghia xd hpi khoa hpc) Gidng day chu nghTa Mac - Lenin Id giao due gid trj, linh than khoa bpc, each mang va nhdn van, ma trflbc hit Id gido due nhdn sinh quan cdng san chu nghTa cung vdi "the gibi quan vat bien chflng va phflbng phdp Iuan bien chflng vdt cung hf trf trfbng khoa hgc cua giai cap cdng nhan each mang vdi ddi tien pbong cua nd Id Ddng Cdng sdn cuge dau tranh xda bd mpi dp bflc, bdc lot, Iiln tdi xay dflng chu nghia cdng san" [9, tr.9] Trfldc ddy, Iflbng flng vdi cdc mdn hoc Tnet hoc Mdc - Lenin; Kinh te chinh trj Mac Lenin; Chu nghia xd hdi khoa hpe thi crong eac trfldng dai hpc cd cac khoa hoac bd mdn chuyen ngdnh nhdm dao tao giang vien cho cdc mdn hoc Tuy nhien sau ghep ba mdn hgc tren Chanb mdn Nhflng nguyen li cd ban cua chu nghTa Mac - enin, de chua'n bj drfa van giang day, Bp giao due vd Dao lao da giao cho mgt so irflbng md cdc ldp Cap huan ngdn han cho ddi ngu giang vien nham trang bi nhflng kien thflc eb bdn cua mdn ma giang vien chfla dflbc ddo tao chuyen sau Thflc le viec giang day mdn hoc mbi d cdc irflbng cung ed srf khdc Cd irrfdng van tri day theo chuyen nganh, nghTa la gidng vien day triet hpc se day khdi kien thflc phan trilt hgc, tiep sau la giang vien day pban kinh te ehinh tri va chu nghia xa hoi khoa hgc Dieu dd cd nghTa la mdt mdn hgc Iudn phai tri ba gidng vien, Mdt so trrfbng Ihl yeu cdu mgt gidng vien phai day hit cd mdn hoc Thflc ll cho thdy, gidng vien dfldc dao tao ehuyen ngdnh nao thi chi day tdt phan dd ma thdi, cbn cdc hgc phdn khdc thi hieu tbi ddu day ldi db Hien nay, mdn hgc da dflbc dfla vao giang day drfdc ndm, nhien hien van chrfa cd irtfbng hay khoa srf pham cua trrfbng dai hgc hay vifn nghien eflu nao mb ma nganh ddo tao giang vien Nhflng nguyen li cb ban cua cbu nghia Mac - Lenin Thit hai lfl tflbng Ho Chi Minh la "he thong quan die'm loan dien va sau sde vl nhflng van de cb ban cua each mang Viel Nam, kel qua cua srf van dung va phat tried sdng tao chu nghTa Mac - Lenin vao dieu kifn cu the nrfdc ta ke thfla vd phat trie'n cdc gid trj iruyen Ihong tot dep cua dan tgc, liep tbu linh hoa vdn hda nhdn loai; la tdi sdn Cinh than vd cung co Idn va quy gid cua Dang va dan Cdc la mai mai soi dfldng cho sfl nghiep each mang eua nhan ddn ta gidnh thang ldi" [to, tr.88] Giang day tfl tfldng Ho Chf Minh Id gido due iri thflc Hd Chi Minh hgc ve trill hgc, chinh tri hgc, phap quyln, dao dflc, vdn hda, ngflbi nhat Id giao due ve tdm gfldng dad dflc Ho Chi Minh, phong each va phfldng phdp Hd Chi Mmh cupc sdng va flng xfl vdi minh, vdi ngtfdi, vdi cdng viee Thitba Cflbng ITnh, dflbng loi, chi'nh sach cua Dang va lual phdp cua Nhd nflbc khdng chi phan anh quy ludt phdt trien khach quan cua cdch mang Viet Nam, ma cdn the hifn nhu cau, lbi fch va khat vgng cua quan chung nhan dan Iao dgng Vi vdy, pbai giao due va ldm cho cdn bd dang vien, nhdn dan, nhat la the he tre thdu hie'u va lin tfldng vdo Cfldng ITiih, dfldng Ioi, chi'nh sach cua Dang va vao sfl nghiep ddi mbi Iam cho ddn giiiu, nfldc manb, xa bdi dan chu, cdng bang, vdn minh, vflng bfldc di Ien chu nghTa xa hdi, Trong dilu kien hien nay, can gido due lam cho cdn bd dang vien va sinh vien cac Irfldng dai hgc, cao dang thdu hie'u va lin iflbng vao "Cfldng ITnh xay drfng ddt nrfdc thdi ki qua dp len ehu nghTa xd hgi" (Cfldng ITnh bd sung, phal trten 2011); muc tieu va nhflng ddc trflng cd ban cfla chu nghia xa hdi hien d Viet Nam (thdng qua tai Dai hdi Ian thfl XI cua Dang) va dfldng di len chu nghTa xa hpi d Viet Nam (day manh cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda gdn vdi phal trien kinh le tri thflc, phat trien kinh ll thj irfldng djnh hrfbng xd hdi chu ngbia, xay drfng Nha nrfdc phap quyen xd hdi chu nghTa, xay drfng nen vdn hda tien lien dam dd bdn ,sae dan tdc) Thil lit gid tr] iruyen thdng dan tdc la gid trj tinh thdn col Idi cua dan toe, cd ieh vd cd y nghia doi vdi sfl phdt trien cua ngfldi va xa hdi, mang linh ben vflng, trrfbng tdn tjch sfl Cong tdc nghien ctiu vd hoat dgng gidng dgy hgc tap Uludn chinh tri d cdc IrUe'mg dgi hgc ma dfla vdo dd the he tre cd the phal huy dfldc gid trj qud khfl, liep tbu dflde gia tri hifn dai vd djnh hflbng gia tri tfldng Iai de tfl tdn tai, tfl phat trien ma khdng suy thodi, biln chat va danh mat chinh minb Trong dieu kten hien nay, giang day va hgc tap ve gia Crj Cruyen Chong dan tdc d cdc trflbng dai hgc, cao dang la giao due: Y thflc tfl tdn, tfl lap, tfl cfldng va lfl hdo ddn tdc, Giao due chu nghTa yeu nfldc Viet Nam da drfdc Idi Iuyen qua lich sfl hang nghin ndm dflng nfldc va gifl nfldc; Giao due tinh yeu thrfdng ngfldi va tfnh cd ket cdng ddng, sdng thuy chung nhan di va khoan dung; Giao due dflc tfnh can cu, iri thdng minh va sang tao, Giao due linh than lac quan cdch mang, ludn yfu cudc song hda binh vd ludn vrfdn tdi trfdng lai Thit ndm tinh hoa van hda nhan loai Id kit tinh nhflng gid trj van hda tieu bieu, mang tfnh nhan vdn phd' qudt cd ich va ed y nghia doi vdi sfl phat trie'n cua dan tdc Viet Nam va nhdn loai tien bd Trong dilu kien loan cdu hda va hdi nhdp quoc le, gidng day vl linh hoa van hda nhan Ioai d cac irflbng dai hoc, cao dang la gido due: Tri thflc khoa hge tien lien va cbng nghe hifn dai; Gido due tinh than ddn chu va y thflc ldn trgng phdp luat; Gido due gia trj cua Itf do, blnh dang, bac va trach nhifm cua cdng dan ddi vdi to qudc Dao lao gido due If ludn chinh trj la hoat dpng giao due loan dien d trinh dp cao va mang tfnh chuydn nghiep doi vbi sinh vien dai bpc cao ddng, ddi vdi cao hgc, ngbien eflu sinh chuyen nganh tf tuan ehfnh trj, nhflng ngflbi iflbng lai se trd tbanh chuyen gia gidp due Cfldng lai, nha ll Iuan, giang vien day If tuan ehinh trj, nghien eflu vien li luan chi'nh trj Vbi cac ddi tfldng nhfl tren, cdn dfldc trang bi khdi Ifldng kien Ihflc he thdng loan dien vd sdu sdc cua khoa hgc If Iudn chinh trj; eung vdi kien thfle kinh dien kiln thflc Ijch sfl cdc mdn hpe va kiln thflc hien dal dflbc cap nhal thflbng xuyen Dbng thbi, cdn trang bi he thdng phflbng phap ludn, phflbng phdp vd kT nang boat ddng thflc lien cho ngflbi bpc Hifn viec nang cao chat Ifldng giang day va dao tao If luan cbfnh in yeu cau can phdi dam bao nhflng yeu td cb ban sau: Xdy dflng vd phdt men ddi ngu giang vien If luan chi'nh Crj ed ban ITnh chinh trj vflng vdng, cd tri tue va nhan cdch, giau Idng yeu nghe, lam huyet vbi vifc gido due boi dflbng thi he tre, mau mflc boat dpng nghien eflu giang day va cudc song Mdi giang vien phdi la ldm gfldng sang cho the he ire, Xdy dflng, hodn thifn "chfldng trinh chud'n" ve giang day If Iudn cbfnh trj vbi nhflng npi dung, hinh thflc va phflbng phdp thfch hdp ddi vdi ddi trfdng chuyen nganb va khbng chuyen nganh If luan chinh trj; Xdy drfng va hoan thifn "giao trinb chua'n" va cac "tai lieu tham khdo chuan" Irfdng flng vdi npi dung cdc mdn hgc If Iudn chi'nh trj vd pbu hdp vdi tflng doi trfdng (chuyen nganh va khdng chuyen nganh) Xdy drfng "chrfdng trinh chuan" la trach nhifm cua cb quan quan If nbd nrfdc ve giao due ddo tao vdi stf giup dd cua nhflng nha kboa hoc cd chuyen mdn, cd lam nhin chiln Itfdc Cdn viec xay drfng "gido trinh ehuan" va "lai lieu tham khao chua'n" thudc ve trdch nhifm cua cac nha khoa hge; Ludn dd'i mdi phtfdng phdp giang day phu hdp vdi ndi dung mdn hoc, vbi doi trfbng ngrfdi hge va vbi ihrfc tiln dd'i mdi dat nrfbc; Td chflc quan If, danh gia, td'ng kit qud trinh dao tao, giang day, hoc lap li ludn chfnh tri mot each khoa hpc, khdch quan va due rut nhflng bai hgc kinh nghiem; Bao dam cd sd vdt chal, phfldng tien, kinh phi cho ddo tao, giang day va hgc tap Ii Iudn chi'nh trj Ddc biet la phai dam bao tflbng cho ddi ngu giang vien ddp flng it nhat d mflc song trung blnh cua xd hdi; Dd'y manh dau tranh phdng, chong quan tieu, tham nhung, lang phi va nhflng tieu cflc ciia xa hdi, dac biet Id nhflng tieu cflc cdng tdc giao due dao tao 2.3 Cong tac giao due ttf ttfdng chfnh tri Gido due tfl Ifldng chfnh trj crong cdc Crfldng dai hoc, cao ddng la hoat ddng tdng hbp, loan dien nham dat tdi muc lieu: Bdo ddm srf dn dinh ve cbinh tri trf trfbng nha trrfbng, tam cho tdt Nguyen H6ng Quy ca cdn bd, ddng vien gidng vien vien ehfle va sinh vien cd niem tin vflng chdc vao If luan chinh tri macxft, vao sfl dao cua Dang va quan li cua Nha nfldc Trfn cd sb dd sflc phan dau hoan Chdnh c6c nhifm vu chfnh irj cua nha trflbng; Dao tao Irfc Irfbng trf thflc (cfl nhdn, kT sfl, thac sT, tien sT) khdng chi gidi vl khoa hpe va chuyen mdn, nghiep vu, ma cdn cd ban linh chfnh trj, pham chat dao dflc tdt, sdn sang edng hien eho srf nghiep xdy dflng vd bdo vf id quoc Viet Nam xa hdi ehu nghTa De dat dfldc muc tieu tren, hoat ddng gido due chinh tri can cd nhflng yeu to cb ban sau: Ndng cao hbn nfla nhan thflc cua cac cdp uy Dang, cdc cap chi'nh quyen cdc doan the vd dgi ngu gidng vien vl vj tri vai trd, lac dung cua cdng idc li Iudn chfnh irj he thdng cdc trflbng dat hoc cao ddng; Cd sfl tbong nhat va phdi hdp chat che, dong bd gifla cdc cap iiy Dang, cac cap chfnh quyen, eae doan the vbi dgi ngu giang vien li luan chi'nb Crj Crong viee trien khai cdng tac If tudn chfnh trj nha trflbng; Cb chinh sdcb dung va du ddi vdi cdng tae If Iuan chfnh In va ddi ngu nhflng ngflbi trrfc tiep thrfc thi cdng lae If Iuan chinh trj nha trrfdng; Gdn hoat ddng If ludn chi'nh crj vdi cdng tae xdy drfng Dang, xdy dflng cdc id' chflc doan the chinh tri sach, vflng manb nhd trflbng Dong chbi chong suy Chodi ve trf irfdng chfnh trj, dao dfle, loi song cua can bp dang vien, giang vien, vien chflc vd sinh vien irong nha trflbng Ddc bift la phal canh giac vbi "dien bien hba binh", "tfl dien bien" vd "trf chuyen hda" ddi ngu can bg, dang vien va sinh vien dieu kifn phflc tap hifn Ket luan C.Mac tflng ndi "ban than nha giao due eung cdn phai drfdc gido due" [ 11, tr 10] Chung tdi hie'u cdu khdng theo cdch C.Mac dung de ddnh gia cdc nha iriet hgc thbi trrfbc, ma Id sfl thay ddi cdn thiet mdi trie! li gido due da djnh hinh subl may thdp ki qua d nfldc Ca Nbd giao due can dtfdc Ihtfdng xuyen bdi dfldng ldi tao de khdng ngflng hodn thien ehuyen mdn va ban ITnh chfnh Irj, de cd the gidi dap cho ngfldi hpe nhflng vdn de cfla thflc lien va If Iuan mdt each ihuyel phuc chfl khdng chi drfa tren nhflng bdn thiet ke Ifl da dfldc djnh sdn tfl ndm ndy qua nam khac Nghi quyet Hdi nghj Trung fldng khda XT ve ddi mbi can ban, todn dien gido due va dao lao (Nghj quyet 29-NQ/TW, 04 thdng 11 ndm 2013) cbi rd: "Chuyen manh qud trinh giao due tfl chfl yeu trang bj kien thflc sang phdt trien loan dien ndng lflc va pha'm chat ngfldi hoc Hpc di ddi vdi hanh; li tuan gdn lien vdi Ihflc tien , Dd'i mdi he tbong giao due theo htfdng md, finh hoat " Ddi mdi ngi dung va phfldng phdp tiep can cae mdn tf Iuan chinh trj la dieu khdng the tien hanh mdt sdm mpt chieu, bbi Ie khai niem ddi mdi can dtfdc hieu mdt cdch thau dao, nham trdnh nhflng bieu hien ctfe doan viec ddo lao va nghien cflu If ludn chi'nh trj Doi mdi Id mdt qua trinh khdng ddn gian, dbi hdi sfl ca'n trong, nghiem iuc, cb chieu sdu lfl If luan, linh den nhflng dieu kien hien cb va xu hflbng vdn ddng phdt trien cua dat ntfdc va nhflng bien ddi cua tinh hinh the gidi Song, dd Id dbi hdi cap thiet va chfnh dang cua xd hdi, la cdng viec khong the Iri hoan Can dal cdng Cac nghien cflu, giang day va hgc Cap cae mdn If Iuan chfnh Crj d vi trf trung lam va gifl vai trd xuyen suot Irong tdt ca hoat dpng cua he thong cdc trrfbng dai hgc, cao ddng De nang cao chdl Irfbng cdng tdc nghien cflu, giang day va hoc tdp Ii luan chinh tri, Nha nfldc can phai ddu tfl cho cdng tac mdt each ihda dang, ddng ihbi phdi tao sfl thdng nhat va phoi hdp chat che, ddng bd gifla lanh dao nhd trrfbng vbi cae capfly,chinb quyen, cac doan the vdi dgi ngu nghien eflu, giang day va hpe Cap If Iudn chfnh trj viec Crien khai cdc boat ddng Ceing ldc nghien cUu vd boat dgng gidng dgy heic tap li ludn chinh ln d cdc tntelng dai hoc TAI LIEU THAM KHAO [I] Dang Cdng sdn Vift Nam, 2011 Vdn kien Dgi hm dgi biiu lodn qude ldn thd XI Nxb Chinh trj quoc gia Ha Ndi, tr 29 [2] Dang Cdng san Viel Nam, Sdd, tr 172-173 [3] Dang Cdng san Viet Nam, Ban chap hanh Crung fldng Nght quyet ciia Bp Chinh tri vi cong tdc li ludn vd dinh hitdng nghiin ciiu din ndm 2030 (so 37-NQ/TW ngdy 09 thdng 10 ndm 2014) tr.2 [4] Dang Cdng san Viet Nam, Ban chap hanh trung fldng Kit ludn cua Ban Bi IhU vi viec dip tuc ddi mdi viec hpc tap li ludn chinh tri frong hi Ihong gido diic qudc ddn (.so 94-KL/TW, ngdy 28 thdng 03 nam 2014) tr I [5] Dang Cgng san Viet Nam, Ban chap hdnh trung fldng, Kil luan cua Ban Bi thu vi viic liip tuc ddi mdi viic hpc lap li ludn chinh tri irong he thong gido due quoc ddn (so 94-KL/TW, ngdy 28 thdng 03 ndm 2014), tr.2 [6] Nguyen The NghTa, 2007 Nhiing chuyen di triit hgc Nxb Khoa hgc xa hdi Ha Ndi, tr.289 [7] Dang Cdng san Viet Nam, 2011 Van kiin Dai hpi dai biiu todn qude ldn thii XL Nxb Chinh trj quoc gia Ha Ndi, 2011, tr.l84-l85 [8] Dang Cdng san Viet Nam Nghi quyet Hpi nghi ldn thii Ban chdp hdnh Trung UOng khda XI vi xdy ditng vd phdl trien vdn hda, ngitdi Viet Nam ddp itng yiu cdu phdt trien ben vOng ddt nude, ir.4 [9] Nhieu tdc gia, 20\ Siic song cda chd nghia Mdc ~ Lenin thdi dgi ngdy Nxb Chinh trj quoc gia Ha Ngi, tr.9 [10] Dang Cdng san Viet Nam, Vdn kien Dgi hpi dgi bieu todn qudc ldn thd XI, NXB Chinh tri quoc gia, Hd Ngi 2011 tr.88 [11] CMdc vd Ph.Angghen Todn tap, 1.3, Nxb Cbfnh tri quoc gia, Hd Ndi, 2005, tt 10 ABSTRACT The current practices of researching, teaching and learning theory of politics in colleges and universities The work of researching, teaching and learning the subject of theory of politics plays an important role in a society It contributes to the stabilisation of the society, bringing about ideological consensus, fighting against the wrong points of view, protecting the regime, advising and making suggestions to the Party and the Slate in planning the country's development path The staff working in tbe theory of politics are the pioneers in Ihe dissemination of scientific epistemology and democratic and humanitarian ideologies, creating products which can be socially recognised and positively received This article discusses the current practices of researching, teaching and leaming theory of politics in colleges and universities, and offers some solulions to enhance this work Keywords: Marxism - Leninism, Renew; Teaching staff; Lecturers; Political theory; Ho Chi Minh Thought ... ludn chinh trj la hoat dpng giao due loan dien d trinh dp cao va mang tfnh chuydn nghiep doi vbi sinh vien dai bpc cao ddng, ddi vdi cao hgc, ngbien eflu sinh chuyen nganh tf tuan ehfnh trj,... trd nen gay gat Hieu mdt each long the, boi canh hifn nay, tri thflc If ludn chinh trj can dflbc giang day va hgc tap d cac trflbng dai hgc, cao dang bao gom: Chu nghTa Mac - Lenin; Tfl iflbng... vflng bfldc di Ien chu nghTa xa hdi, Trong dilu kien hien nay, can gido due lam cho cdn bd dang vien va sinh vien cac Irfldng dai hgc, cao dang thdu hie''u va lin iflbng vao "Cfldng ITnh xay drfng