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Nguyen Minh Tan Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 133(03)/1 167 172 NPHIEN C i r u M 6 H I N H V A O E X U A T G I A I P H A P D A O T A O THU''''C TUYEN HO TRO MQT SO MON HQC, NGANH HOC TAI BAI HOC THAI NGUY[.]
Nguyen Minh Tan Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 133(03)/1:167-172 NPHIEN C i r u M H I N H V A O E X U A T G I A I P H A P D A O T A O THU'C TUYEN HO TRO MQT SO MON HQC, NGANH HOC TAI BAI HOC THAI NGUYEN Nguyin Minh TSn' Dgi hpc Tiiat Nguyen TOM TAT Dao tao tryc tuyln (e-Learaing) li mdt pbuong thuc dio tgo dya tren CNTT &TT, dit bift la mgng, ki thugt dd hpa, kT thugt md phdng, cong nghf difn toin dim may Phuang thiic dao tgo niy dang trd thinh xu thi tit ylufrongnen kinh tlfrithirc, thu hiit dugc su quan tim die bift ctia nhilu trudng dgi hgc n-en thi gidi ciing nhu d Viet Nam Tren co sd nghifn ctru t6ng quan vl vifc sir dung phucmg thiic dio tgo niy frong vi ngoii nude, tic gii da ttinh bdy cic ca sd Idioa hgc va cin cii thyc tien ciia viec to chiic triln khai phucmg thitc dio tgo niy tgi cic trudng dgi hpc ndi chung va tgi DHTN ndi rieng, dd, tip frung phan tfeh mft so tiln dl quan frgng vd cin thilt li he thing Quin li hoc tap (LMS), Quin li nfi dung (LCMS) vi Cdng cu xay dyng bii giing (Authoring tools) dudi gdc df kT thuit va cdng nghf Tic gii cung md ti va so dd hda mpt sd md hinb thilt kl he thdng e-Leaming, qua dd, dl xuit quy trinh friln khai thf dilm id chii'c bdfrgdio tao true tuyln, ip dung cho mft sd mdn co ban tgi DHTN tir nam hpc 2014 2015 Tir khda: Cong nghe ihong tin, Dal hgc Thdi Nguyin; Ddo tgo true tuyen; Qudn U hgc tgp(LMS) Qudn li not dung (LCMS); Cong cu xdy dung bdi gidng (Authoring tools) TONG QUAN VE DAO TAO TRl/C TUYEN Dao tao true tuyfn Id mdt thudt ngii diing df md td vifc hgc t^p, dao tgo dua tren cdng nghf thdng tin va fruyen thdng, cy the la mgng, kT thu^t dd hga, kT thudt md phdng, cdng nghf difn toan ddm mdy Phuang thii'c dao tao dang trd xu the tat ylu nfn ktnh tl tri thiic, thu hut dugc su quan tam die bift cua nhifu trudng dai hpc trfn thf gidi cung nhu d Vift Nam Tren the gidi: e-Learning (vift tit cua elecfronic leaming) la mdt hinh thuc hgc tap tryc tuyln, frong khai niem hpc tdp dugc hieu theo nghTa rpng: hpc, nghien ctiu va tu nghien cuu P L Rogers, 2001 frong cuon "Designing Insfruction for Technology Enhanced Learning " da dua tifu chudn CO ban cua e-Leaming nhu sau: e-Leaming la hgc tap qua mgng may tfnh, nhd dd cd thf cap nhgt, tiru trff/fruy cgp, phan phoi, chia se kien thuc hoac thdng tin mgt each rpng rdi, md vd kip thdi; e-Leaming ket ndi ngudi thdy vdi ngudi hgc qua may tinh va mang Intemet, sii dung giao tiiiic TCP/IP (Transfer Control Protocol/ Tet- Intemiet Protocol) va trinh duyft Web, tgo nfn tdng cho su giao tilp van nang (giao tifp da chieu); e-Leaming thuc hifn theo mgt quan diem rdng nhat ve viec hgc: cdc gidi phdp hgc tap khdng cdn bi rang bugc bdi cac md hinh dao tgo truyen thdng, Nhifu trudng dgi hgc do, ldp hgc da xudt hifn frfn thi gidi va bit diu xudt hifn d nude ta, frong dd viec hpc difn chii ylu bing giao tiep qua mang Intemet Vi du:trudng University of Phoenix, cua My, hifn nay, mdi nam trudng td chuc giang day true tuyfn cho gdn 200.000 hgc vien, phan tdn Id nhiing ngudi vira ' hpc vira lam (http://on line phoenix, edu) Ndi rgng ban, (3 My hifn frong so gdn 15 trifu sinh vifn cd hem mdt frifu sinb vien hpc tap qua cac chuang frinh true tuyfn Hgc tgp true tuyfn cd nhilu uu diem: kho tu lieu cd the sir dung la rat Idn, sd tugng hgc vien tham gia hoc khdng gidi han, cd thi hoc bdt cir d dau, ndo ma khdng phai den trudng, cd the hgc theo tdc thich hgp, tam ly nggi giao tilp d cdc ldp thdng thudng dugc khac phuc, nhiing frao ddi giiia giang vien va hgc vifn Id hoan toan rieng tu 167 Nguyen Minh Tin Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE Vdi cdc uu diem tren, hien nhieu trudng dgi hgc sii dung hinh thuc hpc tap true tuyen qua Internet de bd sung cho hinh thuc hgc tap truyen thdng (e-Support hay e-Leaming) Trong nirdc: Trien vpng ciia toai hinh hgc tap e-Leaming rdt to Idn, vi nd giiip thuc hifn udc ma cda xa hpi la bdt cur ngudi nao ciing cd the tiep can mgt nfn giao dye cbdt tugng cao d bdt cii dau, bat cu thdi diem nao Nhieu trudng Dai hgc frong nude da nghien Cliu, frien khai va dua vao ddo tgo e-Leaming Vi du: Tmdng Dai hgc Ngoai thuang, Tnrdng Dgi hgc FPT nhieu cdng ty doanh nghiep cung trifn khai dao tao cbo nhdn vien ciia minb va cd nhieu cdng ts dugc tap, hogt ddng chuyfn \e cung cap gidi phap eLeaming Tai Dai hpc Thai Ngu>en Nhan thiic rd xu the tren, frong giai dogn 2011 - 2015, DHTN dang xay dung va budc dau trien khai de an: "Xdy dung vd frien khai hf thdng e -Leaming va thi true tuyen ciia Dgi hgc Thdi Ngu>en" vdi su hd frg kinh phi va ky thugt ciia ngan hang the gidi thdng qua dy an Gido due dai hgc pha (HEP2) ciia Bd Gido due vd Ddo tao Viec xa\ dung va phdt trien md hinh dao tgo true tu\en qua mang e-Learing nhdm thuc hifn muc tieu co bdn, la: Khdng ngimg ndng cao chat tugng dao tao thdng qua \ iec cung cdp tai nguyen hpc tap tryc tuyfn cho ngudi hpc qua mang Xa> dung vd phat trien mgt sd md hinh dgy va hgc fryc tuyen, phyc vy ddng dao ddi tugng ngudi hpc (hgc true tujen) vd hd frg day hpc tmyfn thdng, nhd dd nang cao hieu qud dao tao difu kifn chii frgng dam bao chat lugng Mdt nhiing myc tieu chinh cua df dn la ddi mdi phuang thuc td chirc, phuang phdp dao tao vd ndi dung kien thiic theo hudng true tuyfn bao gdm dao tgo e-Leaming va td chuc thi, danh gia true tuyen qua mgng Intemet mang W'.AN cua Dgi hgc Nham dgt muc tifu tren, De an ^ neu nhirng budc di cy the nhu: Trifn khai dugc hf thdng c-Leaming, budc ddu cung cap he thdng cac bai giang dien tu \a tai nguyen hgc tap cho sinh vien khai thdc, 168 !33(03)/I: 167-172 su dyng tren he thdng frong toan Dai hgc (Tdi lieu dien tii dgy hgc (TLDTDH) [3], la mgt vi du dien hinh ve dang sdn phdm dgy hpc tich hgp va true tuyen neu trfn) Ddo tao, tap huan cho dgi ngii giang vien cd khd nang xay dung va phdt trien tai nguyen hgc tap, ky ndng thiet ke, xay dung vd su dung TLDTDH cho tiing chuyen nganh, timg mdn hgc, td chuc Idp hgc cho he thdng eLeaming; Phdt trifn va nhdn rdng md hinb sii dyng TLDTDH nham gdp phdn nang cao chat lugng ddo tgo, ddi mdi phuang phip dgy va hgc d cdc mdn hgc, nganh hgc Trien khai he thdng hucmg ddn dn tap, kiem fra kifn thiic va thi true tuyfn, chuan hda va hoan chinh he thdng ngdn hang cau hdi trie nghiem khach quan CAN cCr KHOA HOC VA CO SO THl/C TIEN CUAVIEC TRIEN KHAI MO HINH E -LEARNING Ddi mdi toan difn gido due dai hpc dang la yeu cau cap thiet ciia nganh va ciia toan xa bdi Tuy nhien viec trien khai cdn gap nhieu khd khdn frinh dd quan ly, ca sd tdng, trang thiet bi ban che, phucmg phdp ddo tao va ddnh gia kft qud hgc tap cdn lac hdu, vifc chuyen ddi dao tgo theo tin chi cdn gap nhieu trd nggi e-Leaming Id mdt nhimg gidi phap hiru hifu nham khac phyc tinh trgng trfn Hieu qua cua e-Leaming cao ban so vdi each hgc truyfn thdng cd tinh tuang tdc cao dua trfn multimedia, tao dieu kifn cho ngudi hpc trao ddi thdng tin de dang ban, ciing nhu dua ngi dung hgc tap phii hgp vdi kbd nang va sd thich ciia timg ngirdi Vdi nhiing uu diem ndi bat nhu thdi gian hpc linh ddng, lift kifm chi phi vd thdi gian, eLeaming dang dan trd mdt frong nhtmg lua chgn tdi uu cho nhung mudn nang cao kien thuc ciia bdn than de phuc vy tdt ban cho cdng vifc vd cudc sdng hdng e-Leaming la sy phan phat cac ndi dung dgy hpc sir dung cdc cdng cy difn tu hifn dai nhu mdy tinh, mang ve tinh, mgng Internet, Intranet, frong dd npi dung hpc tap cd thf Nguyen Minh Tan Tgp chf KHOA HOC & CONG NGH$ thu dugc tir cdc website, dia CD, bang video, audio , ngudi day vd ngudi hgc cd thf giao tifp vdi qua mang dudi cdc hinh thuc nhu: e-mail, thao ludn fruc tuyfn (chat), dien dan (forum), hgi thao video, Vdi cdc cdng cy dao tao tmyfn thdng phong phii, cdng ddng ngudi hpc online va cac budi thdo ludn true tuyfn, e-Leaming giiip mgi ngudi md rdng ca hgi tiep can vdi cdc khda hpc va ddo tgo vdi chi phi thip nhat Vifc xdy dung giai phdp e-Leaming se mang lai nhung hifu qua cu thf: Cung cap mpt ngudn tdi nguyen bgc tdp gin nbu khdng ban che qua viec cung cip true tuyfn tdi nguyfn, ca hpi chia se kinh nghifm va kien thiic Hd frg ddi mdi phucmg tbiic ddo tao: cho phep td chiic dao tgo theo phuang thiic mdi, dat hifu qua ve tdi nguyen va chi phi ddo tao thdp, phu hgp vdi thyc trang ngudn nhan luc cao cdn thieu va ca sd vgt chat han che nhu cau hpc tap khdng ngCmg tdng Phat trien mgt so nganh hgc miii nhpn xa hdi cd nhu cau cao, phuc vy ddng ddo ddi tupng ngudi hgc ngodi xa hgi (hgc tir xa) / Mdt sd mdn hgc frong trudng Dgi bgc tnugc nhdm ca bdn cd sd tift hpc ldn, sd lugng giang vien thieu, hang nam cdc trudng phdi chi tra kinh phi vugt gid hang ty ddng Viec ap dyng e-Learning se gdp phdn gidi quyft bai todn nay, e-Leaming dugc td chiic theo md hinb bien: Phdi hgp va hd trg cho cdc phuang phap day hpc truyen thong (bao gdm cd phuang thiic ddo tao: nien chl vd tin chi).(e.Support) Td cbiic phucmg thuc ddo tgo tir xa (e Learn ing) HE THONG QUAN LI HOC TAP (LMS), QUAN Li NQI DUNG (LCMS) VA CONG CU XAY Dl/NG BAI GIANG (AUTHORING TOOLS) e-Leaming Id hinh thiic td chuc viec hgc tap cd sy hd frg ciia cdc phuang tifn difn tii nhu mdy tinh, mdy chifu, iphone, ipad, bang dia, thilt bj thu phdt dm hinh anb, Internet va cac hf hdng phan mem qudn Iy, phan mem hpc tap, phdn mem tao ngi dung, 133(03)/1: 167- 172 Khdi niem e-Leaming bao gdm cac boat ddng lien quan den day va hgc true tuyen thdng qua mang Intemet, frong do, cdc td khdng thf thifu la hf thdng Quan li hgc tap (LMS), Qudn ti ngi dung (LCMS) vd Cdng cu xdy dung bdi giang (Authoring tools) He thdng qudn ly hgc tap trirc tuyin (LMS Leaming Management System) Id hf thdng phdn mfm cho phep td chiic, quan ly va trien khai cdc hogt dfng bgc tryc tuyfn tir luc nhap hgc den hpc vien hoan khda hpc true tuyen Cy thf: LMS giiip can bg cdc phdng ban nha frudng theo doi vd quan ly qua trinh hgc tap ciia bpc vien; giup gido vifn giao tifp vdi hgc vifn frong cdng viec giao bai tap, trg giiip, gidi ddp; hgc vifn cd the theo ddi dugc tifn frinh hgc tap, tham gia cdc ndi dung hgc true tu>fn, kft ndi vdi giao vien va cac hgc vien khac de trao doi bai Hi thdng qudn ly ngi dung hgc tap (LCMS Leaming Content Management System) la hf thdng phdn mlm qudn ly kho ndi dung hpc tap fruc tuyen, cho phep cdc td chiic luu trii va phan phdt cdc ndi dung hgc tap tdi ngudi hgc Hf thdng quan Iy ngi dung bgc tap cd su phdn phdi chat cbe vdi he thdng quan ly hgc tap (de pban phdt ndi dung bgc t^p tdi ngudi hgc) va phdn mfm cdng cy sogn bai giang (de tao cdc ngi dung hgc tap) Cdng cy sogn bdi gidng (Authoring Toots) la cdc phan mem giiip tgo cac hpc lifu, bai giang , (gpi chung la cac ndi dung hgc tap) phyc vu cac khda hpc true tuyfn Trong mdt hf thdng e-Leaming, cdc ndi dung hpc tap dugc qudn ty bdi LCMS va dugc phan pbdi tdi ngudi hpc thdng qua LMS Cac bai giang dugc soan tir cdc cdng cu sogn bai gidng giiip ngudi hgc cd the tu hgc, tu kifm fra, danh gid va dilu chinh tiln dp hpc tap Df trifn khai e-Leaming, can dau tu tang sa sd kT thudt, he thdng cac phdng mdy chu, mgng, dudng truyen, cdng thdng tin difn tir, cdc phdng hpc true tuyen, xdy dung hf thdng LMS, LCMS, phan mem day hpc vd hpc tifu difn tu Website hpc tgp fryc tuyen GAI P H A P THIET KE HE THONG E LEARNING Gidi phap phan mem dao tgo tryc tuyen la he thdng quan tri (LMS, LCMS) dugc thiet ke 169 Nguyen Minh Tan 133(03)/!: 167-172 Tap chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHf tuang thich vdi mdi trudng su dung tai Vift Nam, dugc Vift hda va dugc tich hgp them cdc phan he: ddnh gid k^ ndng, danh gid chat tugng hpc vifn, tgo bai kiem tra va cham difm, td chuc thi, hdi thdo qua mgng, cdp chiing chi, cdng cu md phdng, tap tich su kien chung va cd nhdn, cdng cu tgo lap va xudt ban cac bai giang theo chudn SCORM Trung tdm cua hf thong e-Leaming la hf thdng LMS (Leaming Management System) Theo do, ngudi day, ngudi hgc va ngudi quan tri hf thdng dfu tmy cap vao hf thdng vdi nhirng myc tifu khac dam bdo he thdng boat dgng dn dinh vd viec day hgc difn hifu qua N g u M dung (VV«b, W i r e l e s s Desktop, ) Co* $d> du> lieu u n g dving Hinh 1: Mo hinh long quan vi hi ihong E learning ndi dung ^ t ^ (AMlhorBtgTool) Ngufri quin bj he thAng NguM hpc NgudihQC LMS fLeamng ManagemenrSjsKnO Ngu6ihQc NguerihQc Hf thdng quan li n^i dung hgc t ^ Hinh 2: Mo hinh khoi chirc ndng cua he thdng e-Learning De tao va quan iy mdt khda hgc, ngudi dgy ngodi cdng viec ldm \ ifc trgc tiep trfn hf thdng qudn ty hgc tap, cdn can su dung cdc cdng cy xay dung ndi dung hgc tap (Authoring Tool) de thift kf, \a\ dung ndi dung khda hgc va dugc ddng gdi theo chuin (thudng la SCORM) giii tdi he thdng qudn ly hpc tap Hf thdng dao tgo true tuyen dugc xay dung khdng chi tudn theo cac tifu chuan ky thudt va cdng nghf trfn thf gidi ma cdn gin kit vdi cdc quy trinh mdt each xuyen sudt vd ddng nhdt, phan anh rd nghifp vu tat ca cac hogt dgng ciia qua trinh van hdnh mgt hf thdng E.learaing Cac giai doan cd thf sa dd hda nhu sau: 170 Nguygn Minh Tan Tgp chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE tfi&i irifin qtsn Ij dio I90 ff^rm Manager) TrunD tan khio thj u4 b ^ n * b ^ #4.4l ll H»ui Witenaiifiin^dtetao GIAng w#n {LeduBrf insUucior; Menior) SmtivMnjSbdetd] mtnitood) - Nhan Men quan ly dao tao * KhM t w tvj muc phan ' Khoi tao dij ieu man he ' Khoi 130 dt^ f l u gtang V * Khmt^ du t ^ linh VK ' Khst tae du'leu t ^ nsuy^l •Khdi tao dii i i u kfnvis 'Tiung tsn khio 4ii v i KBCA •Kiem duyft c ^ 1)61 bai Ihi 'Tobprnfin ' Kiem eftiv^nsDn hoc '- Wiflnvienqudnl^iV I • G4ng vlfin '- Sinhph(ic-kh6ahpc -Kichhosiiopfnc [C(laardivian I ' Bdnh gia k^l qui hoo ISn icilasidivldn I- Nha«i v^n Jiao tiio ' Ttieo (10iv«c DAY 46 HOC Hinh 3: Mo htnh quy trinh nghiip vu gidng dgy trirc luyen MO HINH TRIEN KHAI TAI DAI HOC THAI NGUYEN Hinh 4: Mo hinh tnen khai tgi Dal hoc Thdi Nguyen - DU lifu dugc quan ly tap trung tai Dai hgc Thai Nguyfn - Ban dao tao: Cd nhifm vu quan ly chung vf mat phan mfm hf thong Cung cdp cdc quy djnh, quy chf ve th\rc hien quan ly, hpc tap trfn hf thdng ddo tao true tuyen Qudn ly va giao chi thj dfn cac phdng dao tao t^i cdc trudng dai hpc, cao ddng tryc thupc Dai hpc Thdi Nguyfn Thiet l^p cdc tham sd ddu vao cho hf thdng dao tao true tuyen - Phdng ddo tao tirng trudng vifn: Cd nhifm vu thift lap cdc.khda/ mdn hpc pham vi trudng Qudn ty chung cdc ldp hpc va gidng vifn, hpc vien tham gia Xdy dung bp cac ky nang theo chuc vy lanh dao Thift lap cac tham sd cho tdp hpc, dieu kifn dang 171 Nguyen Minh Tan Tap chi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHE ky khda/ mdn hpc, ddnh gid khda bpc.GOri tbdng bdo nhac nhd, yeu cau den hpc vien va gidng vien Xudt cac bdo cao qud trinh hpc tap cua hpc vifn, ket qua diem thi, danb sach giang vifn, hpc vifn tham gia khda/ mdn hpc pham vi trudng - Gidng vifn: Quan ly qud trinb hpc tap cua hpc vien tham gia Danh gid ndng luc cua hpc vifn qua cac bai kiem tra Trao ddi true tuyfn hoac ngo^i tuyen vdi hpc vifn tham gia khda/ mdn hpc Hudng dan va trd Idi cac cau hdi ciia hpc vifn qua difn dan, thu ndi bp KET LUAN Viec trien khai phuang thdc e-Leaming hodn toan thift thuc va khd thi, phii hpp vdi quan diem xdy d\rng nfn giao due tifn tien dua trfn ddi mdi "cdng nghf gido due" vdi ndi bam la "mdt tap hpp gdn bd chat che nhiJng phuang phdp, phuang tifn va kT thudt hoc tap " 133(03)/!: 167-172 Vdi E.leaming, Daih hpc Thdi Nguyfn thyc su trd mot xa hpi hpc tdp gidnh cho mpi ngudi, la ca sd dao tao ngudn nhdn luc cd chat tupng cao, Trung tam nghifn curu, trien khai khoa hpc cdng nghf va quan ty tien tifn gdp phan phdt trien kinh te - xa hdi khu vyc trung du, mien nui phia bdc Vift Nam TAI LIEU THAM K H A O Thu tudng Chinh phii (2010): Quyit dinh so 33I/QD-TTg ve Chiin luge phdt triin cong ngh^ thong tin vd truyin thong Viet Nam din ndm 2010 vd dinh hudng den nam 2020 Thai Duy Tuy^n (2008): Phuongphdp dgy hgc truyen thdng vd doi mdi Nxb Gido due Ha Nfi Nguyen Minh Tan (2012) Tdi lieu dien lu dgy hoc, mpt mo hinh phdn mem dgy hgc tich hap Tap chi Giao due 86 28,2/2012 Nguyin Minh Tan (2013): Vdn dung cdc quan diim hiin dai cua ly lugn dgy hoc viec Ihiel ki phucmg phdp dgy hpc theo hudng tich cue hod Tap chi KH&CN Dai hoc Thdi Nguyen Sd 71, 9/2010 SUMMARY RESEARCH MODEL AND PROPOSED SOLUTIONS FOR ONLINE TRAINING SUPPORT SOME SUBJECTS AND COURSES IN THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY Nguyen Minh Tan Thai Nguyen University Online training (e-Leaming) is a training method based on information and communication technology such as networks, technical graphics, simulation technology, cloud computing technology This training method is becoming an inevitable trend in tbe knowledge economy, it has attracted the special attention of many universities around the world as well as in Vietnam Based on the overview research ofthe used this methods training at home and abroad, the author has presented the scientific basis and practical bases of organizing this training methods at the university in general and in TNU now, which focuses analyze some important and necessary premise is leaming management system (LMS), content Management (LCMS) and construction Tools lectures (authoring tools) in terms of technique and technology The author also described and mapped out a number of models system designed to support online training, and propose a process to pilot training organizations online support, apply some basic subjects, startingfromthe academic year 2014 2015 at TNU Keywords: Information Technology University thainguyen; Online training; Learning Management (LMS), Content Management (LCMS); Construction Tools lectures (authoring tool Ngdy nhdn bdi.25/7/20l4: Ngdy phdn bien: 25/02/2015, Ngdy duyet ddng: 03/4/2015 Phdn biin khoa hoc: TS Nong Minh Nggc - Dgi hpc Thdi Nguyen