DAP TAP V ^ D^ TlTHOC CtiA S M VlfiN TOUtJNG DAI HOC LUAT H A N C I THUC TRANG V A G I A I P H A P 1 Dat van de Xa bdi hgc tap vdi nen kinh te tri thirc la xu the chung ciia thai dai Xa hdi hgc tap la[.]
DAP TAP V ^ D^ TlTHOC CtiA S M VlfiNTOUtJNGDAI HOC LUAT H A N C I THUC TRANG V A G I A I P H A P ThS PHAN CONG LUAN * Dat van de Xa bdi hgc tap vdi nen kinh te tri thirc la xu the chung ciia thai dai Xa hdi hgc tap la xa boi ma mpi ngudi lay hgc tap la cdng viec thudng xuyen, sudt ddi, hgc nha trudng vl ngoai nha trudng, chinh quy hay khong chinh quy nbu mot phan khdng the thieu eupe ddi minh Xa hoi hgc tap 11 " xd hoi hieu hpc, ed thi truong hpc tap vdi mpt he thdng gido due linh hogt, da dgng mdi nguoi duac thoa mdn tdi da cdc nhu edu vd dpng ea hpc tap ".' De dip img duge yeu d u cua xa hdi hgc tap doi bdi mdi ngudi ndi chung va sinh vien cac tmong dai hgc ndi rieng phai coi trgng vln de tu hgc Ty hgc la mdi ngudi tham gia vIo boat ddng hgc tap phai chu ddng, tich cue, ty nguyen td chirc tdt boat ddng hgc tap ciia minh Coi viec hgc la yeu td tu than, phii hgp vdi quan diem co bin cua triet hgc, 11 quan diem ty thin van ddng Tu hgc II viec sinh vien phai ty xac dinh rd muc dich hgc tap de lam gi? Chu ddng xly dung ke hoach hgc tap, sy phdi ket hgp giiia nhiing ngudi hgc vdi nhau, xly dung tdt quan he giiia ngudi thay va ngudi bpc dd ngudi hgc pbli II tmng tim CLia boat dgng hgc tap Ngudi hgc pbli la ehil the tich eye, cbii dgng tdt boat dgng hgc tap CLia ca nhan, ren luyen tdt kT nang tu hgc ciia bin thin nhim chiem ITnh va llm chii tri thirc, dip img yeu cau cua viec xay dung xa TAP CHi LUAT HOC SO 1/2011 hdi hgc tap vdi nen kinh te tri thirc hien Thuc te, qua nghien cim dieu tra ve kha nang ty hgc cua sinh vien Truong Dai hgc Luat Ha Ndi chung tdi thay sinh vien chua hinh thdi quen ve kT nang Nhirng kho khan co ban ve ki nang tir hoc ciia sinh vien Trirong Dai hoc Luat Ha Noi 2.1 Khd khan ve mat nhdn thice ki ndng tie hpc ciia sinh vien 2.1.1 Ket qua chung cua sinh vien nam thii nhat va nam thir ba ve mat nhan thirc Chung tdi da tien banh de tai nghien eiiu tren ddi tugng la 103 sinh vien nam thir nhat va 109 sinh vien nam thir ba d nam khoa chuyen nganh ve nhirng khd khan nhan thirc xue d m va kT nang tien banh ty bpc cua sinh vien duge the hien cac bang sau: Qua Blng chiing tdi thly nhin chung sinh vien nhan thirc khd khan Idn nhat vdi sinh vien la viec "Tu kiem tra, danh gia theo tirng ndi dung vl thang dinb gil da duge xac dinh" (diem trung binh - DTB = 2.11, xep thir bac 1/6) Ket qui dieu tra la phu hgp vdi thye tien bdi sinh vien ciing chua bao gid duge tham gia vIo cong viec nly Day ciing la tinh trang chung eiia sinh vien cac trudng dai hgc dd CO Trudng Dai hgc Luat HI Ndi Giang vien Khoa luat hinh sy Truong Dai hgc Luat Ha Noi 69 DAG TAG Bang 1: Khd khan ve mat nhan thuc qua trinh tu hgc cua sinh vien STT Nam thii nhat (103 sinh vien) Cac kl nang nghien ciru khoa hoc Nam thir ba (109 sinh vien) Chung (212 sinh vien) DTB DLC TB DTB DLC TB DTB DLC TB Tu giac, tich cue hoan mpi nhiem vu hpc tap 1,42 0.53 1,42 0.51 1.42 0.52 Phan bo thdi gian can ddi giira hpc tap va cac hoat dpng khac 1,64 0.59 1.58 0.63 1.61 0.61 Phan bo thdi gian cho tii'ng npi dung tu hpc mpt each hop Ii 1,87 0,57 1.68 0.65 1.77 0,62 Uu tien hgp li ve thdi gian cho tii'ng npi dung hpc cu the 1,67 0,58 1.59 0.61 1.63 0.60 Tir kiem tra danh gia theo tirng npi dung 2,12 0,66 va thang danh gia da duge xac djnh 2.10 0.62 2.11 0.64 Tu dieu chinh, bo sung cac npi dung 2,00 0,64 kien thirc sau tu kiem tra danh gia 2.02 0.65 2.01 0,65 Ghi chu: DTB: Diem trung binh, DLC: Dp lech chuan, TB: Thic bdc PbIn tich ket qui kbIo sat eiing cho thly: ed 33 sinh vien (chiem 15,6%) biet rd, 123 sinh vien (chiem 58%) cd biet va 56 sinh vien (chiem 26,4%) khdng biet "Ty kiem tra danh gil theo timg npi dung va thang dinb gia da duge xac djnb", Thye trang cho thly da phIn sinh vien khdng biet hoac biet rlt it cdng viec "Tu kiem tra danh gil theo tung ndi dung vl thang dinh gil da dirge xle dinh" Cle em nhin chung kliong duge nha tnrdiig, phdng chirc nang eiing nbu cae gilng vien quan tim, td chire thuong xuyen cdng viec nly vl dieu ciing it nhieu Inh budng den ket qua hgc tap eiia sinh vien Ti6p theo 11 ki nang "Ty dieu chinh, bd sung d e npi dung kien thuc sau kbi tu kiem 70 tra dinb gil" (DTB = 2.01, x8p thir bac 2/6), Ket qua cung cho thay rd neu sinh vien khdng duge thye hien day du kT nang "Tir kiem tra, danh gia theo tirng ndi dung va thang danh gia da duge xac dinb" tbi kT nang cung khdng duge sinh vien tham gia thudng xuyen Qua ket qua khIo sit, chiing toi thly mot sd cac kT nang tu hgc duge sinh vien nhan thire it, khd khan ban nhu kT nang "Ty giac, tich cue hoan thinh nhiem vu hgc tap" "PbIn bd thdi gian can ddi gitra hgc tap va elc boat dgng khlc" Thye trang khao sit tren cho thly sinh vien sinh vien da thly rd trlch nhiem ciia minh, chu dgng hon viec hgc tap va TAP CHi LUAT HOC SO 1/2011 DAP TAP nha trudng giang vien d n phai tao di6u kien cho sinh vien phat huy bet tinh nang dgng sang tao ciia minh bang viec td chire cac dien dan bpc tap tham gia cac budi dien an, trao doi d c phuong phap hgc tap Tiep theo II kT nang "Phan bd thai gian can doi giira hgc tap va cac boat dgng khac" (DTB = 1.61, xep thir bac 5/6) dd cd 79 sinh vien (chiem 45,8%)) biet rd, 101 sinh vien (chiem 47,6%) ed biet va 14 sinh vien (chiem 6,6%) khdng biet Thuc trang tren cho thly nbin chung sinh vien da biet tu giac, tich cue hgc tap thi deu biet sap xep, can doi thdi gian hgc tap vl cac boat dgng khac Tuy nhien, ciing cdn mot sd sinh vien xa rdi viec hpc tap, chua chu dgng sap xep thdi gian giiia viec hgc va tham gia d c boat dpng khac dan tdi ket qua hpc tap khdng tdt Thye trang ddi bdi cac phdng chirc nang (Phdng dao tao, Phong cong tac sinh vien) phai phdi hgp vdi ban chu nhiem cac khoa kip thai phat hien de giup dd va uon nan sinh vien 2.1.2 Ket qua rieng nam thir nhat va nam thd ba ve nhan thire Qua ket qui khao sit d Bang 1, chung tdi nhan thly nbin ebung ve mat nhan thirc, cac kT nang ty hgc cua sinh vien nam thir nhat va sinh vien nam thir ba khdng cd su khac biet mot each ed y nghTa ve cac kT nang tren O sinh vien da cd su thdng nhlt cao thii bac ve nhan thire nhirng khd khan va thuan Igi viec thye bien cac kT nang ty hgc cua sinh vien 2.2 Khd khan ve mat xue cam kT ndng tu hpc ciia sinh vien Bang 2: Khd khan ve mat xue cam tu hpc eiia sinh vien STT Cac kl nang ty hoc ciia sinh vien Nam thir nhat (103 sinh vien) Nam thii' ba (109 sinh vien) Chung (212 sinh vien) DTB DLC TB DTB DLC TB DTB DLC TB Ty giac, tich cue hoan mpi nhiem vu hpc tap 1.48 0.54 1,55 0.54 1.51 0.54 Phan bo thdi gian can doi giira hpc tap va cac hoat dpng khac 1.52 0.57 1,50 0.52 1.51 0,55 Phan bo thdi gian cho tiing npi dung ty hpc mpt each hgp li 1,60 0.55 1.46 0.55 1.53 0.55 Uu tien hop li ve thdi gian cho tiing noi dung tu hpc cu the 1,56 0.55 1.47 0.55 1.51 0.54 Ty kiem tra, danh gia theo tirng npi dung va thang danh gia da xac dinh 1,84 0.59 1.95 0.61 1.90 0,60 Ty dieu chinh, bo sung cac npi dung kien thuc sau ty kiem tra danh gia 1.83 0,62 1.88 0.63 1.85 0,63 2.2.1 Ket qua chung nam thir nhat, nam thir ba ve mat xue cam Qua Bang chimg tdi nhan thly: Vdi kT TAP CHi LUAT HOC SO 1/2011 nang "Tu kiem tra dinb gia theo tirng n'pi dung vl thang gia duge xac dinh" (DTB = 1.90, xep thir bac 1/6) co 50 sinh vien 71 DAP TAP (chiem 23,6%)) the hien thai khdng thich, 133 sinh vien (chiem 62,7%)) th6 hien thai binh thudng va td khdng quan tam tdi, cdn 29 sinh vien (chiem 13,7%)) thi td thai thicb Nhu vay, cd tdi 86,7% so sinh vien kbi tri ldi d c phieu khao sit cua chiing tdi deu td thai thd a, khdng quan tim hoac khdng thicb kT nang Ket qua ciing phu hgp vdi viec sinh vien td nhan thirc khd khan vdi viec thue hien kT nang "Tu kiem tra dinh gil theo tirng ndi dung vl thang danh gia da xle dinh" Nhan thirc khd khan se dan den sinh vien cd thai khdng dung ve kT nang Tuong tu vay, vdi kT nang "Tu dieu chinh, bd sung cac ndi dung kien thire sau tu kiem tra danh gil" (DTB = 1.85, xep thir blc 2/6) cd 59 sinh vien (chiem 27,8%) the hien thai khdng thich, 125 sinh vien (chiem 59,0%o) the hien thai binh thudng (khdng quan tim) va chi ed 28 sinh vien (chiem 13,2%)) la ed thai thicb Nhu vay eiing ed 86,6%) sd sinh vien td thai khdng tich eye ddi vdi kT nang nly Ben canh nhung sinh vien ed thii khdng tich cue phai thue hien kT nang tren thi ket qui khIo sat eiing cho thay sinh vien cd thai tich cue ban thue hien cac kT nang tu hgc nhu: "Tu giac, tich cue holn thinh mgi nhiem vu hgc tap", "Phan bd thdi gian d n ddi giiia hgc tap va d e boat dgng khlc" vl "U'u tien hgp li ve thai gian cho timg noi dung tu hgc cu the" 2.2.2 Ket qui rieng nam thii nhlt va nam thir ba ve xue elm Phan tich ket qua khIo sat d Bang cho thay: 72 - Giiia sinh vien nam thii nhat va sinh vien nam thii ba khong ed su khac biet mpt each ed y nghTa ve kT nang "Tu kiem tra danh gil theo timg ndi dung va thang dinb gia da xac dinh" va kT nang "Tu dieu chinh, bd sung cac noi dung kien thiic sau tu kiem tra, danh gia" Nhin chung, sinh vien deu cd thai khdng tich cue vdi cac kT nang Dly ciing 11 hien trang ddi hdi d e nhl trudng, cac phdng chire nang, khoa eiing nhu timg gilng vien pbli quan tam de sinh vien cd nhirng thai diing thuc hien kT nang nly - Ve kT nang "Tyr giac, tich cue holn mgi nhiem vu hgc tap" va kT nang "Phan bd thdi gian cho timg noi dung tu hpc mot each hgp li" thi giira sinh vien nam thir nhat vdi sinh vien nam thu ba ed nhirng diem khac biet Cae em sinh vien nam thir nhlt ed thii tich cue nhat vdi viec thuc bien kT nang "Tu gilc, tich cue hoan mgi nhien vu hgc tap" Cle em mdi buoc vao trudng dai hgc nhung da biet lo lang cho viec hgc tap moi trudng mod cua minh Day ciing la thue te ddi hdi nha trudng can tao mdi trudng hgc tap lanh manh, bimg khdi, ed ki luat de sinh vien tri thudng xuyen thai tich cue vdi viec hgc tap cua minh Vdi kT nang sinh vien nam thir ba ehi td thai binh thudng Tuy nhien, ve ki nang "Phan bd thdi gian cho ndi dung tu hpc mot d e h hgp li" tbi sinh vien nam thir ba co thii tich cue hon sinh vien nam thii nhat Do vay, nha trudng ciing cin td chiic cho d c khoa duge giao luu, lien kSt dS smh vien suih vien mdi vao cd diiu kien hgc tap cac anh ehi khoa tren ve phuong phap hgc tap cho tdt TAP CHi LUAT HOC SO 1/2011 DAP TAP 2.3 Khd khan ve mat ki ndng tien hdnh qud trinh tu hpc ciia sinh vien Bang 3: Khd khan ve kT nang tien hanh tu hgc cua sinh vien STT Cac kl nang nghien cihi khoa hoc Nam thur nhat Nam thir ba Chung DTB DLC TB DTB DLC TB DTB DLC TB Ty giac, tich cue hoan mpi nhiem vu hpc tap 1.74 0.48 1.68 0.51 1.71 0.50 Phan bo thdi gian can doi giira hpc tap va cac hoat dpng khac 1.83 0.58 1.79 0.56 1.81 0.57 Phan bo thdi gian cho tirng npi dung tu hpc mpt each hgp li 1.99 0.55 1.83 0.62 1.91 0.59 Uu tien hgp Ii ve mat thdi gian cho tirng npi dung tu hpc cu the 1.95 0.60 1.74 0.66 1.84 0.64 Ty danh gia theo tirng npi dung va thang danh gia da duge xac dinh 2.17 0.55 2.21 0.58 2.19 0.56 Ty dieu chinh, bd sung cac npi dung kien thirc sau ty kiem tra danh gia 2.17 0.54 2.20 0.57 2.18 0.56 2.3.1 Ket qua chung cua sinh vien nam nhlt, nam thir ba ve mat binh vi Qua Blng 3, chiing tdi nhan thly kT nang ma sinh vien gap khd khan nhat la kT nang "Tu kiem tra dinh gia theo timg npi dung va thang danh gia da xac dinh" va kT nang "Tu dieu chinh, bd sung cae ndi dung kien thiic sau da kiem tra daub gia" Cu the: KT nang "Tu kiem tra danh gia theo timg npi dung va thang danh gil da xac dinh" (DTB = 2.19, xIp thii bac 1/6) cd 17 sinh vien (chiem 8%) tra Idi "thuan thuc", 137 sinh vien (chiem 64,6%) tra ldi "chua thuln thye" va cd tdi 58 sinh vien (chiem 27,4%) y kien tra ldi II "khdng biet d e h lam" KT nang "Tu dieu chinh, bd sung d e npi dung sau tu kiem tra dinh gil" (DTB = 2.18, xep thii bac 2/6) cung cd ket qua tuong ty, dd la 17 sinh vien (chiim 8,0%) tri ldi TAP CHi LUAT HOC SO 1/2011 "thuan thye", 139 sinh vien (chiem 65,6%) tra ldi "chua thuan thue" va ed 56 sinh vien (chiem 26,4%) y kien tra ldi "khdng biet each lam" Tir nhirng ket qui tren cho thay sinh vien sinh vien cdn gap rat nhieu khd khan thuc bien kT nang vl thuc te sinh vien chua llm vl lam eon rat lung tung Kbi chimg tdi tien banh phdng vln slu sinh vien sinh vien ve viec thye bien bai kT nang tren, em P.M.T (dai dien cho nhdm ban) da tra ldi: "Trong thuc te tie ndm dau den ndm cudi, gdn nhu chung em khdng quan tdm tai kl ndng ndy vd ddn tdi viec thuc hien nd khdng thuang xuyen, hieu qud " Nhiing kT nang sinh vien sinh vien gap it khd khan ban viec thuc bien la kT nang "Tu giac, tich cue hoan mgi nhiem vy hgc tap" (DTB = 1.74, \kp thir bac 6/6) vl kT nang "Phan bd thdi gian d n ddi giira hgc tap 73 DAP TAP cle boat dgng khac" (DTB = 1.81 xdp thii bac 5/6) Nhin chung sinh vien da thye bien tdt hoac cd thye hien nd d mirc "chua thuln thye" Sd em "khdng biet lam" 11 rlt it Qua ket qui khao sit nly, nhl trudng d n pbli phdi ket hgp giira elc phdng chirc nang, khoa, cae giang vien chu nhiem cung d e td chirc doan nien, bdi sinh vien de kiem tra, ddn ddc va hudng din sinh vien td chirc tdt d c kT nang nly 2.3.2 Ket qui rieng nam thir nhat, nam thir ba ve kT nang tien hanh qua trinh tu hgc ciia sinh vien Qua ket qua khao sat d Blng cho thay: - Giiia sinh vien nam thir nhat vl sinh vien nam thir ba khdng ed sy khac biet ed y nghia ve kT nang "Tu kiem tra dinh gil theo timg ndi dung va thang danh gia da xac dinh" va kT nang "tu dieu chinh, bd sung cac ndi dung kien thire sau ty kiem tra, danh gia" Nhin chung, sinh vien sinh vien deu gap nhieu khd khan viec thuc banh cae kT nang (khdng biet llm hoac llm khdng thuc) Nha trudng cin phai ed ke hoach xly dyng cae thang chuan dinh gia va phai td chirc thudng xuyen boat dgng nly de sinh vien ed thdi quen va biet d e h thue hien tdt cac kT nang nly - Giira d e sinh vien nam thir nhlt vl sinh vien nam thir ba ve thye hien cae kT nang ty hgc khac eiing cd nhirng khac biet nhd nhung chua ed y nghTa rd rang Chung tdi ciing da tien binh khao sit sinh vien nam va nir ve mire khd khan kT nang ty hgc ve nbin thire, thii vl kT nang tiin banh tu hgc la tuong ddi gidng Cae em cd su thdng nhat cao tir nhan thirc, thii den hinh vi viec thye 74 hien cac kT nang ty hgc Tong hop kho khan tam H kT nang tir hoc ciia sinh vien Qua nghien eiiu khd khan tam li tren ba mat nhan thiie, xue cam, kT nang tien banh tu hgc cua sinh vien Trudng Dai hpc Luat HI Ndi, chiing tdi rut nhirng nhan xet CO ban sau: - Giira mat nhan thire va kT nang tien hanh ty hoc cua sinh vien ed tuong quan cao (r = 0.652) Dieu chirng td rang neu sinh vien nam vl nir (el nam thir nhat va nam thir ba) ed nlian thiic ve mot kT nang tu hpc nao thi ve kT nang tien binh tu hgc ciing cho ket qua tuong tu Bang 4: Mdi tuang quan giiea khd khan tdm li nhan thice, xue cam vd kT ndng tien hdnh tu hoc cim sinh vien Cac mat Nhan thiic Nhan thirc Thai KT nang tien hanh tu- hoc 1.00 Thai dp 0.246** 1.00 KT nang tien hanh ty hpc 0.652** 0.216** 1.00 Ghi chu: r** p