NGHIEN cufu & UfNG DUNG KAY DlfNG BO MAU GAC IOAI GA CO GIA TRI KINH TE PHOC VO OAY HOG H KHOA SINH HOG TRlTOfNG OAI HOG DONG THAP • • • • • • Pham Dinh Van Vo Ngoc Thanh Do Thj NhU Uyen Nguyen Thj Oa[.]
NGHIEN cufu & UfNG DUNG KAY DlfNG BO MAU GAC IOAI GA CO GIA TRI KINH TE PHOC VO OAY HOG H KHOA SINH HOG TRlTOfNG OAI HOG DONG THAP • • • • • • Pham Dinh Van Vo Ngoc Thanh Do Thj NhU Uyen Nguyen Thj Oanh Nguyen Gia Hien TrUdng Dai hgc Ddng Thap inh hpc la mdt khoa hpc thifc nghiem, nghien ciiu cac van de lien quan trifc tiep den the gidi sinh vat Vi vay, boat dpng thu'c hanh, thi nghiem d tru'dng dai hpc viec dao tao cac chuyen nganh lien quan de'n sinh hpc la rat quan trpng Ldp ca la mpt nhifng ldp cd dp da dang cao (khoang 29.000 loai) O Dong Thap so lifdng cac loai ca phan bd la kha nhieu va da dem lai gia tri kinh te cao gdp phan phat trien tinh nha De cd cd sd phan loai cung nhif xac dinh du'dc gia tri kinh te' cua ca, chiing tdi da tien hanh xay difng bd miu ve cac loai ca kinh te tren dia ban tinh Ddng Thap, nham phuc vu cho boat ddng hpc tap va giang day ciia sinh vien va giang vien d Tru'dng Dai hpc Ddng Thap Quy trinh xay diing bo mau ca Bttdc Thu mau ca: Khao sat cac chd ca, khu vifc ngif dan danh bat ca tren doan sdng Tien Giang chay qua tinh Dong Thap va cac kenh, rach, ao nudi de xac dinh dia diem thu mSu S 10 Thu mau: Mau ca difdc thu mua trifc tie'p tif cac chd ca hoac cac ngtf dan, thifdng lai hoac cd the thue ngif dan danh bat Khi thu mua can hdi ngifdi ban va ghi lai cac thdng tin: Ten ca, xua't xii, thu mlu, ngu'di thu mlu Budc Chup hinh: Chuan bi dung cu, hda chat: May anh, nen chup (tam vai mau xanh), khay mau, kep tieu ban, kim mtii mac, bdng gdn, thung nu'dc da, dung dich formol 40% ban tren thi tru'dng Khi thu miu ca xong can phai bao quan nifdc da, de ca cdn tufdi, giii difdc mau sac cua ca chup hinh Chpn nen: Thdng thifdng chpn mau xanh difdng (lay tam vai mau xanh difdng) Can difng vay ca len: Dting tay hoac kep de keo vay ca len cho cang (chii y keo nhe tay de khdi diit vay) sau dd dung bdng tam formol 40% cho vao vay ca khoang phiit Ddi vdi vay chan thi chi can lam ben, cdn ben de dep xud'ng cho dl chup Ngoai cdn dung bdng tam formol 36% xoa len than ca de cho ca thing, Cling cho di chiip So 64 thang 12 nam 2010 Khay chup: Khay nhdm hoac nhifa, cho vao day mpt ldp miit hoac gd mem Sau dd cho tam vai xanh du'dng phii len ldp Idt Dat ca len khay cho ngan, dd nu'dc cho ngap ca (tranh sif phan xa anh sang ciia vay, da ca chup) Dat thifdc de xae dinh difdc chieu dai that ciia ca Cd the chup kem theo Phieu ghi thdng tin ve miu ca Chup hinh: Dat may anh vudng gdc vdi ca, giii tay that vifng va bam may Chii y: Che anh sang de tranh tao bdng chup Mdi mau ca nen chup nhieu hinh de sau lifa chpn hinh td't nha't Budc Phan loai ca: Sau chup hinh xong, ta bao quan mau thiing nu'dc da va tien hanh dinh loai cac loai ca bang phufdng phap so sanh hinh thai Theo cac khda phan loai lU9ng phan va md ta cua Vufdng DT Khang (1963); Nguyen Khac Hu'dng (1991, 1993); Nguyin Nhat Thi (1991, 1994, 2000); Mai Dinh Yen (1978, 1992); Tran Thi Thu Hu'dng va Tru'dng Thii Khoa (1993); W J Rainboth (1996); Nguyin Van Hao NGHIEN cufu & UfNG DUNG (2001, 2005) va FAO (1998) Moi loai ca dUde neu ten khoa hpc va ten Viet Nam Trinh tif eae bp, hp, gid'ng, loai du'pc sap xe'p theo he thdng phan loai cua T.S Rass, G.U.Lindberg (1971) va FAO (1998) Budc Cd dinh mau: Pha dung dich: Formol thu'dng mai ban tren thi tnfdng cd ndng dp khoang 40% Ta tien hanh pha loang vdi nu'dc cat de du'dc dung dich formol - 8% Ngam mau: Rufa sach mau ca, sau cho vao binh chiia dung dich formol - 8%, cho ngap ea Thdi gian cd dinh mau: 15-30 De tiet kiem binh liic cd dinh thi ta cd the sii dung binh nhifa ldn va ngam nliieu mau vao cung mpt binh Budc Bao quan mau: Sau cd' dinh xong chiing ta tien hanh vdt mau ca nia sach bang cdn 70", sau dd cho mdi loai vao mpt binh thiiy tinh (bocan) cd kich thifdc phu hdp vdi mau Su' dung cdn 70", hoac formol - 3% de bao quan mau Bao quan bang formol thi mau dep hdn, nifdc de quan sat hdn Lam nhan cho mau: Sii dung gia'y nika va biit xa hoae gia'y in binh thu'dng (ep plastid) va ghi rd cac thdng tin: Ten loai, hp, bp (ten khoa hpc va ten tieng viet) Dan nhan len binh Ke't qua Qua nghien ciiu chiing tdi da thu thap va xay difng du'dc 86 mau ca tren dia ban tinh tmm'^^m^ Ddng Thap, thudc 33 hp, 11 bp Trong dd hp ca chep chie'm nhieu nha't vdi 21 loai Vi du: TT T, Loai Ten klioa line Somplcru-^ nnloprcrus Pallas 1767 Lycnihrissa cruccJIIus BIcckcr IH5I Cuilia macro^Tuitha!; BIcckLT 1852 Annuilla marmfrala Quoy & Gaimard, 1824 Pisndnnnphts hr>ri, Hamillcin 1822 iMcio-^oma hicckcri Slcindachncr 1878 Ten VN Thai lai Ca top xuoi Ca mc ga Ca Cilinh Ca lich cu Ldng long mifOng Hinh Ca Lich dong (Ophistemon bengalensis Mc Clennlland 1844) difng bao tang Sinh hpc vung Ddng bang sdng Cthi Long Ke't luan Viee xay difng bd mau vat ndi ehung va mau ca ndi rieng cd vai trd rat quan trpng giiip cho viec day va hpe hieu qua va sat thifc tien hdn, gdp phan nang cao chat lifdng dao tao d tru'dng dai hpe De ed bp mau td't can thifc hien ti mi, can than theo quy trinh chat ehe, dae biet la phai dinh danh chinh Hinh Ca Chach lau Mastacembelus favus Hora 1923 Ung dung Mau ca chiing tdi xay difng du'dc sii dung eho viec thifc hanh cua sinh vien khoa Sinh hpc, trifdng Dai hpc Dong Thap, vdi cac mdn hpc sau: Ngif loai hpc, kl thuat nudi ca nu'dc ngpt, benh ea, sinh li dpng vat thiiy san (nganh Nudi trdng thiiy san), Dpng vat cd xifdng sdng (nganh Sif pham Sinh, Sif pham Ky thuat ndng nghiep, Sinh hpc dai eu'dng (nganh Khoa hpe mdi tnfdng), Nudi trdng thiiy san (nganh Cao ding Ky thuat ndng nghiep - Kinh te gia dinh) Ngoai bp mau cdn phue vu eho viec nghien ciiu khoa hpc ciia sinh vien, giang vien, chuan bi cho viec xay xac ten loai va vi tri he thdng phan loai, mau can phai du'dc bao quan tot de sii dung lau dai.B Tai lieu tham khao: Nguyen Van Hao (2001), Ca nirdc ngot Viet Nam, Tap 1,2.3, NXB Nong nghiep Ha Npi Tru'dng Thu Khoa va Tran Thi Thu Hu'dng (1993), Dinh loai ca nu'dc ngot vung dong bang song CUM Long, Bp mon Thu)' san, Tru'dng Dai hpc Can Thd Mai Dinh Yen, Vii Trung Tang, Bui Lai, Tran Mai Thien (1979) Ngu' loai hpc, NXB Dai hpc va Trung hpc chuyen nghiep Ha Npi Mai Dinh Yen (1992), Dmh loai cac loai ca nUdc ngpt Nam Bp, NXB Khoa hpc va Ky thuat Ha Npi FAO (1998), Catalog of Fish, Volume 1,2,3 Introductory Material Species of fishes, California Academy of Sciences So 64 thang 12 nam 2010 11 ... sii dung eho viec thifc hanh cua sinh vien khoa Sinh hpc, trifdng Dai hpc Dong Thap, vdi cac mdn hpc sau: Ngif loai hpc, kl thuat nudi ca nu''dc ngpt, benh ea, sinh li dpng vat thiiy san (nganh... xifdng sdng (nganh Sif pham Sinh, Sif pham Ky thuat ndng nghiep, Sinh hpc dai eu''dng (nganh Khoa hpe mdi tnfdng), Nudi trdng thiiy san (nganh Cao ding Ky thuat ndng nghiep - Kinh te gia dinh) Ngoai... Ky thuat ndng nghiep - Kinh te gia dinh) Ngoai bp mau cdn phue vu eho viec nghien ciiu khoa hpc ciia sinh vien, giang vien, chuan bi cho viec xay xac ten loai va vi tri he thdng phan loai, mau