K H A N A N G D O C T i l R O N G U A T O O D O D O C T H A N H T I E N G J!'''' O H O C S M B T I E U H O C O ThS BUI THE HOP* Kha nang dgc cua hgc sinh (HS) ndm trong mdi quan tam cua giao dye tieu hoc[.]
KHA NANG DOC T i lRONG UA TOO DO DOC THANH J!' O H O C S M B T I E U O K TIENG H O C ThS BUI THE HOP* Khd ndng dgc tu rong De khach guan hda viec ddnh gid khd ndng dqc tran cua HS, tranh hien tuang HS dya tren mdi quan tam cua giao dye tieu hoc bdi viec nhdn dien chu quen thudc vd doan nghia de biet dqc Id dieu kien dau tien de HS h"nh dqc, 10 tu rong (dqi dien cho bdng 100 tu rong hdi kien thuc qua kenh chu viet, de moi cd nhdn chon Iqc) duqc si) dyng khao sat Id: bu, cd the hoc len, ty hoc vd hoc sudt ddi Viec ddnh gid khd ndng d HS giup gido vien, nhd gido oa, goi, oeo, rudn, hoan, trudi, khoet, nghiet, dye thu duqc thdng tin ngugc nhdm dua cdc thuyet Day Id cdc tu cd the dqc duqc nhung khdng quyet djnh hieu chinh qua trinh vd cdc tdc ddng cd nghia, dgi dien cho cdc Idp tu vdi cdc dd phuc day dqc cho HS mdt each cd hieu qua han Ddi tap ve dm vd dd phuc tap ve chu khdc Vdi vdi nhung HS cd khd khan ve dqc, viec ddnh gid moi tu rong HS dqc tran dung se duqc diem de nhdn dien vd tim kiem cdc bien phap tdc ddng Ket qua khao sat cho thdy, diem trung binh ve day dqc phu hqp vdi cdc em cdng cd y nghia khd ndng dqc tu rong cua HS tu cudi Idp den gido dye vd nhdn vdn han cudi Idp dao ddng tu den Dieu ddng chu y Khd ndng dqc cua HS tieu hoc duqc bde Id Id ket qua cao nhdt thudc ve nhdm HS cudi Idp 1, vd ddnh gid d cdc tieu chi ca bdn nhu: 1) dqc dqt diem trung binh M = 7,96 vdi lech chudn tran; 2) dqc trdi chdy; 3) dqc hieu; 4) dqc diin SD = 1,37 Ket qua giam di d Idp (vdi cam Trong cdc tieu chi vd tuang ddi M=7,48 vd SD = 1,88), thdp nhdt d lap (M= khd luqng hda thi tieu chi vd d l quan sat vd 7,36 vd SD=1,97) rdi di len d Idp (M=7,72 vdi luqng hda han nhieu Mat khdc, cdc tieu chi SD = 1,56) nhung van thdp han cua Idp Dieu vd cung Id nhung tieu chi ddu tien giup nhdn cd the duqc gidi thich bdi mdt gid thuyet biet khd khan ve dqc d HS tieu hoc Nghien cuu rdng ki ndng ghep vdn vd dqc tran tieng, tu rdi ddnh gid khd ndng dqc tu rong (nhung tu duqc dd duqc hoan thien vd dqt dinh d cudi Idp cdu tqo theo quy tdc phdt dm tieng Viet nhung Sang cdc Idp sau, HS phdt trien cdc ki ndng ve khdng cd nghia) vd tdc dd dqc thdnh tieng, ldn dqc trdi chdy, dqc hieu vdn bdn han Id ki thudt luat tuang ung vdi tieu chi vd neu d tren dd dqc tran tieng, tu rdi duqc thyc hien vdo thdi diem cudi ndm hoc Tdc dd dqc thdnh tieng 2009-2010, tren 233 HS tu Idp den Idp tqi Trong nghien cuu nay, HS duqc yeu cdu dqc Hd Ndi vd Tien Giang Ket qua nghien cuu phdn mdt vdn bdn nghe thudt, dugc in vdi cd chu vd dnh tap trung d bang J Do khd khan khach kieu chu gidng vdi cdc bdi tap dqc d SGK Tieng quan cua thdi diem khao sat, viec ddnh gid HS Viet Idp phd thdng hien hdnh, vdi dd khd ve Idp chua thyc hien duqc ndi dung vd cdc cdu true cdu cung duqc Bdng Kit qua ddnh gid khd nang dqc tu rong vd cho Id tuang duang Ket qua tdc dd tdc doc thdnh tieng dqc thdnh tieng cua HS duqc tinh bdng Lap Lap Ldp Ldp sd tieng HS dqc dung thdi gian Ca mlu (n = 233) 50 52 56 65 phut Cach tinh cung tuang ty nhu M 7,96 7,48 7,36 7,72 Doc tir rong (T) nhieu ddnh gid gudc te ve khd ndng SD 1,37 1,88 1,97 1,56 dqc thdnh tieng cua HS tieu hoc (1) M 32,52 68,04 79,45 86,06 Toe dp doc tieng (V) SD 13,46 26,47 24,21 21,40 Tuang quan (r) giua T & V 0,54 0,50 0,68 0,60 * Vien Khoa hoc giao due Viet Nam nang dgc cua hgc sinh (HS) ndm Tap chi Giao due so (ki i - 6/201p Bang Chuan toe dqc Ket qua dqc tieng HS tieu hoc (2) cho thdy, su tang lien tuc ve tdc Toe dp Lop dqc trung binh cua (tieng/phut) HS tu cudi Idp 1 30 den cudi Idp O 50-60 Idp cudi Idp 1, 70-80 trung binh HS dqc 90-100 duqc 32,5 tieng 100-120 dung/phut vdi lech chudn SD = 13,46; tdc dqc trung binh d Idp tren luon cao han Idp dudi; cho tdi cudi Idp thi M = 86,06 vdi SD = 21,40 Tru Idp thdp han chut it, ket qua trung binh cua HS cac Idp lgi deu cao han chudn ve tdc dqc thdnh tieng ghi chuang trinh gido due phd thdng cap tieu hoc (xem bang 2) Ddng chu y Id nhdm HS cudi Idp dgt duqc ket qua trung binh vugt khd xa so vdi chudn (M = 68,04 so vdi chudn Id tu 50 den 60), dong thdi d nhdm HS dd phdn hda ve khd ndng dqc trdi chdy cung Id cao nhdt nhdm, vdi dd lech chudn SD = 26,47 Tuang quan giua khd nang dqc tu rdng vd tdc dd dqc thdnh tieng He sd tuang quan (r) giua khd ndng dqc tu rong (T) vdi tdc dqc thdnh tieng (V) d cdc nhdm HS duqc khao sat dao ddng tu 0,50 (Idp 2) den 0,68 (Idp 3) Cdc chi sd cho thdy khd ndng dqc tran tieng, tu rdi vdi khd ndng dqc trdi chdy vdn bdn chi cd tuang quan thudn a muc tu trung binh thdp den vua phdi Dieu gdp them chung cu cho gid thuyet rdng khd ndng dqc tran tieng, tu rdi khdng nhdt thiet tang dong hdnh vdi su tang len ve khd ndng dqc trdi chdy van bdn Ket qua nghien cuu cung cung cap mdt nguon ca sd du lieu giup nhdn biet HS cd kho khan ve dqc Ket qua tdc dqc thdnh tieng d tung nhdm HS cd dang phdn phdi chudn Dien hinh Id ket qua d HS Idp 4, vdi thi phdn phdi xdc sudt dang hinh chuong (xem bieu va 2) Thdng thudng, mdt HS cd the duqc coi Id dqc chdm ket qua tdc dd dqc thdnh tieng thdp dudi dd lech chudn so vdi trj so' trung binh cua nhdm chudn Theo dd, cdn cu vdo du lieu bdng vd bieu dd cd the xdc djnh nhung HS cudi Idp cd tdc dd dqc thdnh tieng thdp han muc: M - 2SD = 86,06 - x 21,40 = 43,98 [a 44) Id nhung HS dqc chdm, hay cd khd khan ve dqc Cd nhien, khd ndng dqc cua HS tieu hoc cdn duqc vd cd the duqc ddnh gid tren nhieu tieu chi vd binh dien khdc nhau, ludng theo cdc loqi bien so khdc nhdm mang lgi mdt buc tranh todn dien, chan thuc vd day du han Tuy nhien, nhung ddu hieu d l luqng hda nhdt, d l khach quan hda nhdt nhu khd ndng dqc tron tuva dqc troi chdy van bdn dudng nhu lgi Id nhung chi ddu ddu tien vd ca bdn nhdt cua viec biet chu, biet dqc Theo dd, cdc du lieu cd duqc tu nghien cuu cung cap them mot tham chieu dan gian vd tien Iqi cho gido vien vd cdc nhd gido dye ddnh gid ban ddu ve khd ndng dqc cua cd nhdn vd Idp (tu Idp den Idp 4) cua cap hoc nen tang d nude ta hien • (1) National Center for Education Statistics The Nation's Report Card: Fourth - Grade Students Bie'u Toe dp doc tieng hoc sinh Idp Reading Aloud: NAEP 2002 Special Study of oral reading US Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, NCES 2006-469 (2) B6 GD-DT Chuong trinh giao due phd thdng cap tieu hoc NXB Gido due, H 2006 Tai lieu tham khao Bp GD-DT De kiem tra hoc ki cap tieu hoc NXB 54-75 7*47 96-119 120-141 Gido due, H 2008 Toe doc (tigng/phut) Nguyen Thi Hanh "Ve viec danh gia chat luang Bieu Phan phdi tdc dp doc tieng hoc sinh Idp doc cua hoc sinh cuoi bac tieu hoc" Tap chi Nghien cuu gido due, H 2008 Bui The Hap "Thir xay dung bang cac tir r6ng di nhan biet tre kho khan ve doc d tieu hoc" Tap chi Gido due, so 227, thang 12/2009 Duong Thieu Tong Thong ke ung dung Z1B 6(M-3SD) 4336