PHf B i i VAN HOG Nil OUYIN VA VKC Dll A TAG PHAM VAN HDC NKOC NGDAI Vi t l BiNG TliNG ANH TON VINH N G i PHU Nil VAO GIANG BAY TIING ANH Q ThS NGUygN THI Q U V N H H O A '''' Phdn bidt gldl Id m$t hlin[.]
PHf B i i VAN HOG Nil OUYIN VA VKC DllA TAG PHAM VAN HDC NKOC NGDAI Vitl BiNG TliNG ANH TON VINH N G i PHU Nil VAO GIANG BAY TIING ANH Q P hdn bidt gldl Id m$t hlin togng xd hdl rdt phd bidn d nhldu nol h i n thd gldl Didu ndy dd Idm gldm dl sy h/ tin cffo ngudi phy nff vd Idm dnh hudng ddng kd tdl cdc hogt ddng xd hdt cOo hg VI vdy, p h i binh vdn hgc nff quydn ds ro ddi gtffp ddnh gid dffng mOc hinh dnh cOo ngudi phy nff hong xd hdl Phi binh vdn hge nff quydn nghlin effu vd cdch md vdn hgc (vd ede sdn phdm vdn hdo khde) tdn vinh hodc tdm md dl htnh dnh cOo ngudi phy nff ede iTnh vyc nhu: kinh id, ehfnh hj, vdn hda, xd hdl vd tdm tf (1) Nhu vdy, p h i binh vdn hgc nff quydn Id mdt phdn cOa thuydt binh ddng gldi ^ cd thd duge sff dyng dd p\\Qn tfch hinh dnh ngudi phg nff hcMig vdn hgc Tff cudi nhffng ndm 19dO vd ddu nhffng ndm 1970 da ed r^ nhleu cdc nhd p h i binh nff quydn Trong d6, Abrams (1993) (2) dd duo ro bdn nguyin If cffa vdn hgc nu quydn nhu sou: 1) Vdn minh phuong Tdy td ndn vdn minh phg quydn h^m gidl ddng vol hd trung tdm, phy nff phdl phg thude vdo nam gldl hong mgl tfnh vyc nhu: glo dinh, tdn gido, chfnh tri, kinh td, ludt phdp vd cd nghd thudt 2) Cdc khdl nldm vd gkSi cdng ngdy cdng hd nin phd bidn, nhung dnh hudng cffo ndn vdn hdo phy quydn md ngudi phy nff ehuo thyc sy btnh ddng vdl nam gldi ThS N G U y g N THI Q U V N H H O A ' nhd vdn", nhung tdl thdt sy vdn ehuo sdn sdng dd cdng nhdn sy thdt ndy (3) 3} Tu todng phy quydn eung xudt hldn phd bidn hong cde tee phdm vdn hgc ldn duge vidt bdl cde nhd vdn nam vd n§l dung thudng cht phdn dnh vd nam gldi 4) Cdc gu thdm mT huydn thdng vd cde tliu ehf dd phdn tfch, ddnh gid cdc tee phdm vdn hge ddu duge eho Id ehl ddnh eho nam gldl Minh chffng cho quon nldm hiu eye h i n Id: nhldu tde gid nff ldl ndng hong xd h$i phy quydn khdng duge chdp nhdn hong gldl vdn hge Thdm chf cdc nhdn v^t nff hong cdc toe phdm vdn hgc eung bj md td mio md, khdng dOng vdl sy thdt Hay hong ihdl Victoria (nude Anh), cdc tec gid nff khdng thd xudt bdn h6e phdm cOo hg ndu khdng \ay hot danh cOo nam gldl (1) Nhln chung, phdn bl^t gldl dd gdy ro hdu qud khdng nhd: ldm gldm ngudn sue mgnh nhdn lye cOo mgt nffo thd gldl; ldm gldm dl sy h; tin cOa ngudi phy nff; ldm mdt df vol hd to ldn cOo hg glo dinh vd xd h$l Bdt binh ddng vd If glffo gidl nam vd gldl nff da Igo ro mdt sy phdn Ong mdnh ll^t to chfnh nhihig ngudi phy nff vd ede nhd phi binh gldi Hg ddu honh cho quydn binh ddng cOo ngudi phy nff, nhdm ldm thoy ddl quon nldm cOo xd hdl cho rdng, phy nff kim hon nam gldl vd nhidu mdt nhu: thd chdt, hinh ddng, cd'u true co thd, cht sd thdng minh, tdp ludn logic, vd toi Idnh dgo " Ngdy noy, chOng to ed thd t h ^ ro vd sy phdn ffng cffo ede nhd phi binh gidi Hg dd sff dyng vdn hge vd cdc sdn phdm vdn hdo khde mdt edeh hidu qud dd phi phdn ede quon dldm Igc hdu vd thldu khoo hge ndl vd phg nff xa hdl phg quydn Theo Kesselmon (1999), hong vdng ndm quo, dd ed hdng nghln cudn sdch vd ede Rd rdng, sy thlin Idch vd gidl hong nhldu ndm quo dd ed dnh hudng Urn khdng cht vdo cdch md xd hdl nhln nhdn vd nff gldi md bdn thdn nhffng ngudi phy nff eung m^c cdm, h/ tl vd hg Thyc td, mdt tdc gid nff gldu tin dd ndl: m^c du tol thfch cdng v l ^ vidt Idch to edn tho du, nhung rd't khd cho tol dd nhdn minh Id nhd vdn vl xd hdl dd xdc dinh vj hf cffa tol vd didu dd dn sdu ldm hf cua tdl Thdm ehf, sou dd xudt bdn duge nhldu cudn sdch vd tdl duge ndl Id: «bgn Id 'TnMniilTiliQcVMIiodHdll^i Tgp chifilaodue so pa a - lo/aoia) bdl bdo vidt vd phy nff duge xudt bdn Nd thdch ndl tidng - Outhlne Bounyavong (4) Chuydn kd thffc ddng suy nghteO vd bdt ddu mdt quon nldm vd mdt ngudi m? Ldo cd nhldu dffc ttnh tdt dpp: mdl Hinh dnh ngudi phy nff dd dugetonvinh, vj khlim tdn, gidn dj, Hnh cdm, khdng ldng pht vd thd mdl cOo hg ddn duge xd hdl khdng djnh nghlim Kie vdl mgl vide M9 tdm cdng vide n^l Thdng quo cde logi hinh vdn h6a, hong d6 c6 hg M? khdng cht chdm sdc chdng eon mdt cddi cdetecphdm vdn hge, hinh dnh tdt d^p cOo ngudi chu ddo md cdn dgy cdc rdt cdn thdn hong tong vl$c nhd Tudl tho cOo mp thdt vdt vd, hdng phy nff da duge tgo dyng mdt cdch chdn thyc Di gdp phdn eung vdn hgc nff quydn vd xu ngdy sou gid hgc, m? phdl vudn hdl rou park thd Hdn bd xd hdl ngdy noy,tecgid bdl vidt ndy, lamnln rdl mong chg bdn, ddnh Hdn muo sdch hong qud hinh dgy hgc dd chgn tec phdm vdn bfft vd phy glup bd ngogi Mdc dO dd ldp glo hge nude ngodl vidt bdng tidng Anh (TA) t6n vinh dinh, cd bdn vd sdng d Vientiane, ngudi mf ngudi phy nff vdo gidng dgy, quo dd gIffp sinh eOng khdng quin bdn phdn ldm eon phdl chdm vlin (SV) Hdp cdn vdl ngdn ngff hong tec phdm sdc ngudi cha gid dm ydu b| bdnh d vOng ndng vdn hgc to bdn gdc TA (khdng qua bdn djch) thdn Pokse Tdt cd nhffng phdm chdt tdt d^p cue Vide hge vd phdt hldn TA d6 rdt hidu qud; SV ngudi m? dd cd dnh hudng sdu sdc ldl cdm xOc, ddng thdi duge ndng eoo nhdn thffc vd gldl vd suy nghl cOo cde vd ngudi m? duge cdc ihuong nhd vd vdn bd dl xo binh ddng gldl Tde phdm phdn dnh cudc sdng thay ddl cue Vide sff dgng cdc bdl dge vdn hge nude ngodl vidt bdng TA nhu Id mdt ngudn tol lldu bd sung ngudi Ldo sou cdch mgng Mdt nhffng thoy dd ndng coo khd ndng ngdn ngff TA vd cdc tO" ddl dd Id «cdl nhln' cOo xd hdl vd ngudi phy nff ndng cho hgc vlin vfin cdn Id mdt vdn dd gdy Bin cgnh dd, edu chuydn duge ehgn dd gidng nhldu honh cdl Theo Selden (1989), ngdn ngff dgy TA eho SV edn vl mdt sd uu dldm sou: gloo tldp hdng ngdy duge su dgng cho cdc hdnh 1} Ngdn ngff V nhlin, gldn d) vd gdn gOl ddng gloo tldp, hong Idil dd n g ^ ngff hong vdn vdl cudc sdng thudng ngdy Cdu chuydn nh? hgc khdngffngdyng duge nhldu vd don gldn cht nhdng duo ngudi dge ddn vdl hinhtogngngudi ldm cho chung ta ed mgt cdl nhln khdc md thdi m? (ngudi phy nff) - chdn thyc nhu bdng xuong Tuy nhlin, Collie vd Slater (1987) tgl cht ro duge bdng thjt k^i fch cOo cdcteephdm vdn hgc hong qud hinh M9 dl xa duge hon m^t thdng nhung W cdm tftiy hge ngdn ngff: diung eung cdp tol tl^u sdt thyc, dudng nhu mp di han mdt ndm ril Mudl ndm trvdc, m? bd tch, gdp phdn Idm phong phO kldn thffc vdn da tOng di thdm dng m^t ISn, ldl cOng nhd mang mdng Id hdo vd ngdn ngff Sage (1987) cung ddng tinh mf dl khdng Idu Sdo j^tof quin 60 mp thudng dOngii vdl quan dldm hin, dng eho rdng: ngudi hgc phoi quin 60 soo md tring trdl thi Ddf d6p qi»n ihu^c duge t l ^ cdn vdl cdc chldn luge gloo Hdp duge md mf dl dig hay sang dial nhd hdng xdm dd IdtOng sff dyng vdn hgc nhldu hon nhffng tol lldu thiynOa Cdldiilqu6tnhdmphaydidg6cr^diqiill dgy TA thdng thudng khde bvl dd khdng cdn A drB cO, mf di/ng nd Itn cOng HgiO Mdc ed nhimg y k l ^ khdngffnghd v l ^ sff khdng cho nd bf gOy (Molhar had been gone hr a month now, but It seemed dgng edetecphdm vdn hgc hong Idp hgc ngogi ngff nhung k^i fdi cOo nd td khdng thd phO nhdn Ilka a year to me Another time, fen years ago, j / » had Thdng quo tec phdm vdn hge, hgc vlin ed cdl visited GiuitdhHmi atJ I (tindyrwnm^mvd that Aehadn't nhln thdu ddo vd ngdn ngff mye Hiu, vd'n ngdn stayed away forveryhngHten, The bamboo pole on v^idi ngff hd nin phong phu hem Ngodl ra, ngdn ngff Mother ragukirfy dried her laurtdry remained empty Tht vdn hgc cdn kfeh thfch ht h/dng lugng cuo hge i/wes that s/ie likedtowwortomarket or to visit w*A rf» vlin, phdt hldn ede kT ndng tdp tudn nhu td m$t nel^bors were no kmger there The broom ihat Mother phdn dd gldl quydt cdc vd'n dd duge niu hong ahne Iliad lo stand In the comer upslde-dcrvm to preveril from bending was nof In Its usutd resting place) bdl hge Truydn cffng phdn dnh mdt khfa cgnh khdc cOa Mdt hong nhffng tee phdm vdn hge nude ngodl vidt bdng TA md tee gid chgn gidng td ngudt phy nff hong x5 hdl hldn dgl Id ddn ly «Kif)/ me vdng nhd" - Longing cffa nhd vdn Ldo khdng djnh minh: dju ddng, nhdn nhjn hong mgl •- Tap chifil^odue s6 (k> a - lo/aoia) chuydn, nhung edn, cung rdt mgnh m i vd k l i n quydt Chdng hgn: «NSly Id chuydn quan Inpng thl mf khdng dS chlu, mf ndl vd tranh ludrt din cOng dibao v$ quan dlim cOa minh d$'n binhf tiing thi thdi'{if It was an Important matter, she would argue till she was red and blue In the Face to prove her point, until Father softened his voice) 2) Tfnh nhdn vdn sdu sdc Hinh dnh ngudi phy nff vdl nhffng phdm chd't coo quy duge tdn vinh hong tec phd'm thdt xOe ddng: - «Mf vd vOng qu5 nghio Pokse xo xdl di chdm sdc cha gid hf b$nh hiu dudng Vd mf vlil thu ndl r6ng, vdn chua blit ngdy quay trdvSvi Hnh trgng sue khde cua dng vdn cht/a Idt /fin' [Mother iiad returned to Pokse lo take care oF Grandfather He was very old and sick with diabetes Mother wrote that she didn't know v^en she could return becouse GrondFather's condition hod not improved), Mf muo rau pakse tamnin ihudng xuydn, mSl I6n mdt hal md, dn hay khdng mf vSn mua di diy rdl nhliu I6n nd bl hdng vd p/idf vOt dl (Chi c6 nhit dliu ndy Id mf fdidng ^i/c ht^n duge nhu chs'd^ tlit kl^m cua mf) ( There was one indulgence she allowed herself, and that was to buy one or two bundles of pakse tomnin whether we were going to eat it or not Mony times, it would just rot away) M e ldm nhu vgy Id de nhde nhd tadn thdn khdng q u i n nhffng ngdy n g h i o khd thdi tho d'u Oleu ndy ldm to n h d tdl vdn hdo euo ngudi V l i t N a m : dn nghdo nhd kho ggl Igl nhung ngdy glon khd d d sd'ng tdt dep hon 3) Q u a v l i c hgc tde p h d m , SV hinh thdnh ^ tudng tgo d y n g m d t x d h g l vdn m i n h , binh ddng g l d l , d d n g thdi phdt trlen nhffng chldn luge gloo Hep ffng xff (thdng quo bd'l cdnh «Khi me vdng nhd") 4) Vd mdt hgc thudt, SV c6 co hdl thyc hdnh cdc Hnh toTA ehf phdm chd't, tinh net cuo ngudi me ( n g u d i p h y n u ) : shy, humble, frugal, concerned ; hge duge Id'l vidt so sdnh bdng hinh dnh sinh dgng v d ldl kd gldu cdm xOe: - Tiing mdng vd fling than cua me nhu Idl phuc khuydn Tdl nghT ring duge nghe tiing than mdng h/ mp lit han Id khdng nghe thiy tleng gi {Her nagging o n d complaining v/ere like a voice from heaven would rather heor her nagging thon not hear her at all); - Tdi tin ring, euge ddl md khdng ed me thi h-ing trdi blet bao, nhu eon chim non vdl ddl cdnh yiu bj gid thil boy khdi l i Tap chi filao due so (ki a • lo/aoia) ( believed that the I l k oF a motherless person must be terribly empty, like o llFe of a little bird with weak wings who Is blown out of his nest by shong wind) N h u vdy, ngodl tfnh nhdn vdn, tde phdm glup SV tldp c$n vdl ngdn ngff mgc t l i u Hnh td vd phi chudn vdn hge Vl§c gldl lhl$u p h i binh vdn hgc nff quydn vd dua tde phd'm vdn hgc nude ngodl vidt bdng TA vdl eho dd tdn vinh ngudi phg nff vdo gidng dgy TA, theo ngudi vidt Id «con d u d n g " thudn lol d d ldm phong phu t h i m ngdn ngff mgc Hiu cua SV, cung ed'p mgt eo sd khoo hge glup hg nhln nhdn m^tcdch khdch quon vd gldl vd binh d d n g g l d l , tff d d gdp phdn thue d d y H i n b$ xa hdl a (1) Tyson, L Critical Theory Today Feminist CrUicism Garland, New York, 1999 (2) DiYanni, R Literature Readhig nctlon, Poetry, and Drama (5'" ed) McGraw • Hill Companies, 2002 (3) Kesselman, A & McNair, D & Schniedewind, N Woman Images and Realities Mayfield Publishing Company, 1999 (4) Bounheng, I & Daniel, D (Eds.) Mother's Beloved University of Washington Press, 1999 Tai li^ti tham khtto Colli, R & Slater, S Literature in the Language Classrooms Cambridge University Press, 1987 Peplau, L A & DeBro, S C & Veniegas, R C St Taylor, P L Gender, Culture, and Ethnic!^ Current Research About Women and Men Mayfield Publishing Company, 1999 Sage, H Incorporating Literature in ESL Literature Language in Education: Theory and Practice series Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall, 1987 Selden, R A A Reader's Guide to Contemporary Literature Theory Harvester Wheat sheaf, 1989 SUIrilriARY Feminist critk:ismpk:iys an irr^xxtantrole In the struggle for gender equality, so It should be promoted widely The Introduction of the foreign literary work written hEngl^ to tionorttie woman In En^lshteactiIng Ismeanlngful It helps students recogrtize objectively about gender and gender equality CBXJ thereby promoting social justice ond civilization At the same time It brings certain iDeneflts such as academic tonguages language application, communication strategies and Intellectual devek>fxnent ... chgn tec phdm vdn bfft vd phy glup bd ngogi Mdc dO dd ldp glo hge nude ngodl vidt bdng tidng Anh (TA) t6n vinh dinh, cd bdn vd sdng d Vientiane, ngudi mf ngudi phy nff vdo gidng dgy, quo dd gIffp... quon nldm vd mdt ngudi m? Ldo cd nhldu dffc ttnh tdt dpp: mdl Hinh dnh ngudi phy nff dd dugetonvinh, vj khlim tdn, gidn dj, Hnh cdm, khdng ldng pht vd thd mdl cOo hg ddn duge xd hdl khdng djnh... mgnh m i vd k l i n quydt Chdng hgn: «NSly Id chuydn quan Inpng thl mf khdng dS chlu, mf ndl vd tranh ludrt din cOng dibao v$ quan dlim cOa minh d$''n binhf tiing thi thdi''{if It was an Important