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K^ NI?M 20 NAM THANH LAP KHOA QUY HOACH 00 TH! VA NONG TH6N Doi mai chiFO''''ng trinh dao tao kiln true SLF quy hoach tai Tru''''O''''ng dai hoc kien true Ha No! TS KTS Nguyen Xuan Hinh Tru''''dng Khoa Quy hoach[.]
K^ NI?M 20 NAM T H A N H LAP KHOA QUY HOACH 00 TH! VA NONG T H N Doi mai chiFO'ng trinh dao tao kiln true SLF quy hoach tai Tru'O'ng dai hoc kien true Ha No! TS KTS Nguyen Xuan Hinh Tru'dng Khoa Quy hoach 06 thi & Nong thon Tru'dng Oai hoc Kien true Ha Noi SUcJln thl£t a6i mdri chi/omg tr)nh Oio tao Klt^n true sUquy hoach: Cong cu6c cong nghidp hoa, hien dai h6a la dong ji/c 6S,y nhanh qua trinh d6 thi h6a nhanh d nuoc ta Cong tac quy hoach xiy durig [QHXD) duoc O I n g , nha ni/dc quan tdm Bd mix thi va nong thon doi thay nhanh ch6ng theo hi/dng hien dai vdi chat luong moi tn/dng song ng^y c^ng duac c l i thien Va, d6 thi g i i / vai tr6 quan trpng phat trien kmh t ^ - xa hdi Ben canh nhCTng tUu, tfin tai nhieu kho khan, thach thilc QHXD vh p h i t tnen thj, ndng thon, cd chat luong nguon nhan lUc QHXD Cdng t i c dao tao, nghien ciAi khoa hoc ve QHXD thi & ndng thdn cdn nhieu bat cap; cham ddi mdi chuong trinh hudng d^n hdi nhap quoc te, kien thu'c quy hoach cdn thieu, chua dap ilng duac cic y^u cSu ci^a mot Unh wjc khoa hoc tdng hi;fp cao Mat khac, nhUng nam gan dSy, tr&n the gidl cd nhi^u thay doi ve quan d i l m va ngi dung dcio tao QHXD Kmh nghiem cila c i c nUdc di trudc rat can duoc nghidn ciJTu, ti^p thu de ddi mdi dao tao Kien tnjc sUquy hoach (KTSQH) nudc ta, d d cd Tru'dng Dai hpc kien true Ha Ndi, mdt trung tam dao tao Idn cCia nganh x i y dung Od cung chinh la t u tUdng chl dao cOa N h i trudng ddi vdi Khoa quy hoach D d thj va Ndng thdn v l "Ddi mdi chUOng trinh d i o tao Kien tnic su quy hoach" Tmh hinh phat tri^n d d t h i v^ nhu cSu nhan lUc quy hoach xay dUng: Tfnh d^n 31/12/2010 nudc ta cd 755 thi, dd cd dd thj dac biet, 10 d d thi lo^i 1,12 d d thi loai II, 47 d d thj loai ill, 50 d d thi loai IV v l 634 d d t h j loai V.Tyle d d t h j hda tir 19,4% (1989) len 30,5% {nam 2010) (Hinh 1) Theo djnh hudng Quy hoach tong the p h i t trien h i thdng th[ Viet Nam d^n nam 2025 va t i m nhin den nam 2050 ciia Thu Tudng Chfnh phil, dSn s6 thj se t i n g nhanh: Quy hoach tdng t h ^ p h i t t r i l n h i thdng d d thj Vigt Nam Nam I I trieu ngudi, chtem 38% dan sd c l nudc, den 2020 II 44 tneu, c h i l m 45%, 2025 la 52 trieu, chiem 50% {Hlnh 2) Ve p h i n d p q u i n t^ QHXD, tinh den t h i n g 1/2011,cl nudc cd 698 don vj hanh chfnh cap huyen, bao gdm phd {trUc thudc tinh) thj xa, quan & huyen O l d i p ilng nhu c l u , c i n k h o i n g 3000-4000 KTSQH, hi^n chl cd khoang 1600-2000 KTSQH Thifc trang d^o t a o Quy hoach xay di/ng: Tren the gidi, cd nhCTng diem khac d moi nudc, nhung nhin chung QHXD v l q u i n ly d d thj {QLOT) deu dua tren QH kinh te - xa hdi v l cac QH chuyen n g i n h v l khdng ' t h u d d n g ' ddng thdi nha QH la'Nhac trUdng"cd kien thilc tdng hpp Nhieu nUdc cd xu hudng d i o tao Nha QH t i l cSc KTS v l Ky SU d b i c t r i n dai hoc, d l cd tam nhin bao q u i t v l k h i n i n g t u van vi md Cd nhieu loai hinh d i o tao chuyen nganh QHXD k h i c Cd xu hUdng t h i n h l i p cic trudng dai hoc QHXD dpc l$p, nhUng phan Idn chuong trinh d i o tao QH vSn n i m trudng Kien true, X i y dUng & Ky t h u i t tht Mdt so nUdc d i o tao t i c h biet hai loai hinh: nha QH nha T h i l t ke d d t h j d d ^ i hpc ho^c sau dai hoc Nha QH dUdc trang bt k i l n thtJrc v l xa hdi hoc, kinh te, lich sil, mdi trUdng Cdn n h i Thiet ke dd thi lai chuyen siu v4 bd cue, tao c i n h quan ngh^ t h u l t l i m dep khdng gian dd thj Ndi dung chuong trinh d i o tao tai cic nudc tien tien dUpc td chile t h i n h c i c Modul, d i m b l o tfnh lien thdng giCla c i c mdn hoc, n g i n h hoc, cap bac dao tao Thdi gian dao tao KTS theo hai giai doan; giai doan mot hpc 3-4 nam, tdt n g h i i p n h l n bSng cao d i n g (Bachelor), giai doan sau hpc t i l p 1-2 n i m de n h l n b i n g KTS h o l e TTiac sT {Master) Nhin chung, i r ^ n t h i gidi, khdng d i o tao "KTSQH" (Planning Architect) nhU Viet Nam m l chCi yeu d i o tao " N h i QH" (Planner), cd chuyen mdn hoach dmh ehinh sich x i y dung k l hoach p h i t trien d d thi Hien c l nudccd 22 cosddao tao KTS, nhUng chl ed 03 trudng dao tao KTSQH, I I : TrUdng DH Kien triic Ha Ndi dao tao duoc 20 nam {1992), DH K i l n true TP Hd Chf Mmh d i o tao dUOC 13 nSm (1998) & OH X i y dilng t i l nam 2008 H i n g n i m tdt nghiep khoing 300 KTSQH Hign sd luong tuyen sinh khoing 500 Smh v i l n QH V l chuong trinh d i o tao KTSQH tai trudng hoe Kien true H I Ndi Cd the thay chucmg trinh d i o tao n g i n h QHXD cdn mdt $6 han che nhU: - Cic mdn ly thuyet cung cap k i l n thilc qua rdng nhUng lai khdng du sau de sinh vien cd ky nang ap dung vao thuc t i l n ; - Trinh t u va mdi quan he giCia ele mdn hoc chua cd tfnh he thdng, cac mdn hpc ly thuyet chua hd trO hieu qua cho cie d d an -Thdi gian eua eac mdn hpc khdng cho ph^p sinh vien de dang ehuyen ddi t i / kien thdc t h i n h ky n i n g chUa tru trang bi c i c ky nang hoc cho smh vien t d nhuTng nam diu -CIc d d I n tap trung nhieu v i o 'sin pham d d I n " I I b i n ve hon la phuang p h i p nghien cilu sang tao v l thUc h l n h -Ndl dung k i l n thdc chua d i p ilng duoc nhumg y^u eau ve vai trd va chile n i n g cda n h i quy hoaeh, ele mdn hpc v l kinh t l , vSn hda, xa hpl & mdl trudng chua duoc quan t i m day dili -Sinh vien budc p h l i hpe q u i nhieu nen gidi han k h i n i n g p h i t trien t u duy, cac hoc dai cUang chUa tao tien d l hieu q u i cho ele ky n i n g c i n thiet g i n vdi nghe quy hoach Tai Trildng OH Kien triic TP HCM, chuang trinh dao tao tien tien nganh QHDT b i c dai hpc - ket q u i hpp t i c vdi Chuang trinh QH mdi trudng d d thi Vi&t Nam (UEPP-VN) da dupc ap d u n g T h d i g i a n d a o t a o S n a m Hai nam hpc dai cUOng v l kien thuc ca b i n Ba nam tiep theo hoc c h u y i n nganh vdi 146 OVHT Chuang trinh 10.2012BiniI(iBil|4g Quy hoach tdng the phat trien he th6ng d6 thj Vi^t Nam ^t^ Clin trinh hdi nh^p -Thdi lupng p h l i d i p ilng quy djnh chuong trinh khung cua Bd GHo dijc & D i o tao, bao g d m chuong trinh b i t budc v l c h u y i n nginh theo hudng t m h & g i l m thdi lupng hop ly - Bd xung k i l n thilc v l kmh t l d d thi vin hda - x l hdi, b i t d d n g s i n & sU tham gia cua cdng ddng Irong QHXD - Chuang trinh d i o tao c i n "linh ho^t" cung d p k i l n thu'c t u t h S p d i n cao, t£f ky ning t h i l t k l (Dal hpc) d i n l i p QH cd tinh vi md (Thac sT) v l cd k h i n i n g lidn k i t d i o tao vdi mdt so irudng OH khIc t r i n t h i gidi M d t sd g f l l p h i p ddi mdt chutmg t r i n h d i o t a o KTSQH D61 m d i ndl d u n g d d in ft phuong p h i p l i p QH: Khong gian DT hlnh t h i n h v l p h i t triln l i l n tuc theo trmh d d p h i t t r i l n kinh tl-xa hfli, d ta, theo quy dlnh, n h i l u chi nlu khdng c h l thdi gian p h i t t r i l n khdng gianfTf d i n 20 nSm.Trong q u i trinh t h y t h\^n,cAcchK d i u t u thudng p h l i ' x i n ' d l l u chfnh v l thay doi khdng gian QHDT d c d In.Tinh k h i thi v l "tham my d d thi"vi t h i , khdng cdn ^ C i c h t i l p d n va phuong p h i p QH hien theo t u tdng I h l mang tfnh minh l i ^ thudng ' n e o ' d c v i n d l p h i t t r i l n v k ) d ^ mdt"bUc tranh tucmg lai"vdi tam nhin d l i han; thieu nhCmg chi d i n c i n t h i l t de d i n duoc v i l n c i n h n i y bdi canh ngudn life hilu han V i n de hay g i p p h l i cach tiep d n tdng the 1^ d giai doan hien tai chua the xem xet day du nhUng khd k h i n v^ ngudn life d l d i m b l o d i n duoc v i l n d n h cua 20 n i m sau (5) Oe q u i n ly QHXD tdt hon, hi^u qua hon, d c d d an p h l i cd tinh k h i tht hon Nhu vay, doi hdi N h i nudc ddi mdi eo b i n cdng tac QHXD t d : Ndl dung, d i n phuong phap l i p , tham dinh, p h i duyet I n theo quan diem 'lat mem budc c h i t ' Ndi dung n l n theo hudng "QH c l u t r u e ' d d thi - tUc la "QH m l m ^ Trong d d I n mdt sd khu vuc d n t h i l t n h u khu tnjng tam, ele edng trinh d i u mfii, d n cd quy