NGHIEN CUU & LTNG DUNG THIET KE CHE TAO BO THl NGHIEM MAY PHAT OIEN XOAY CHIEU BA PHA OE DAY HOC BAI 17 SACH GIAO KHOA VAT Ll LOP 12 PGS TS Nguyen Manh Thao, Nguyln Van Dang Tru&ng Dgi hpc Suphgm Hd N[.]
NGHIEN CUU & LTNG DUNG THIET KE CHE TAO BO THl NGHIEM MAY PHAT OIEN XOAY CHIEU BA PHA OE DAY HOC BAI 17 SACH GIAO KHOA VAT Ll LOP 12 PGS TS Nguyen Manh Thao, Nguyln Van Dang Tru&ng Dgi hpc Suphgm Hd Npi Mo- dau Nghien ciiu ngi dung kien thiic SGK Vat li lop 12 THPT ve may phat dien xoay chiSu ba pha va khao sat cac bg thi nghiem dang dugc su dimg day hge phan cho thay: phan lan cac thiet bi thi nghiem chi co tinh bieu dien, chua xac dinh dugc dinh lugng moi lien he giiia hieu dien the pha va Hieu dien the day cua dong dien xoay chieu ba pha doi vai each mac va each mac tam giac Mat khac eac thiet bi phai dung tay quay, nen viee tien hanh thi nghiem khong dam bao su lien tuc, deu dan, dieu Cling lam giam hieu qua tiep thu kien thiic cua hge sinh, dac biet viec day hge to chlie hoat dgng nhan thiic Trong su doi mai phuang phap day hge Vat li a truong THPT, dg tang cuang phat huy tinh sang tao, dgc lap tu chOi va hieu bai tren lop, viec day hge theo phuang an t6 chiic hoat dgng nhan thiic cho hge sinh cang dugc quan tam va khuySn khich Bai v|y eac bg thi nghiem ciing can dugc nghien ciiu che tao phu hgp, dam bao tinh khoa hge ( phan anh dugc chinh xac ban chit ciia hien tugng vat li can truySn tai), tinh b6n -viing, an toan, dan gian va dl su dung ciiu thiet ke va che tao bg thi nghiem cho hge sinh nghien ciiu theo nhom, phii hgp voi viec to chlie hoat dgng nhan thiic Thiet bi thi nghiem dugc sir dung tu nhung vat Ueu de kiem va gia hgp li tren thi truong Bg thi nghiem gom eo: 2.1-Thiet ki che tao bo thi nghiem ve May phat diSn xoay chiSu ba pha Hinh 1: Hinh dnh bo thi nghiem vd cdc dung cu sau hodn thi$n 2.1.1-Che tao bp thi nghiem Cac chi tiet ciia bg thi nghiem: a- Rotor (phan cam): Dugc che tao bai nam cham vTnh ciiu vat lieu Na no, tan dung Roto ciia Dinamo xe dap Cac Roto dugc quay nha mot dgng co mot ehieu (12V hoac 24y, dong tu 1A dSn A) CO bg dieu toe Noi dung b- Stato (phan iing): Truac nhiing yeu cau neu tren, chiing toi da nghien Gom cac cugn day (800 vong Ngay nhan bdi 20/7/2012^ Ngdy duyet dang 25/9/2012 ducmg kinh 0,3 mm d6i voi may phat co Roto bing nam cham vTiih cim vat lieu Na no; 1200 yong, duong kinh 0,15 mm doi vai may phat co Roto cua Dinamo xe dap) c- Cac dung cu va linh kien kem theo; 02 Dong ho van nang; Cac den LED dugc lap tren cac gia each dien va CO chan cam; day dan dien co chot cam d hai dau ' T A P CHI THIET BI GIAO DUC - SO 86 -10/2012 d- Nguon dien mot chieu CO the su dung cac bg nguon san CO cua phong thi nghiem thong hoac bg nguon may tinh ban 2.1.2-Cdc thi nghiem duac tien hdnh v&i bo thi nghidm Thi nghidm nghien cihi cau tao may phat dien xoay chieu ba pha; Khao sat Hifu dien the diy, hieu dien the pha; Mac tai hinh Sao va tai hinh tam giac + Muc dich thi nghiem NGHIEN CLTU & | J N G DUNG Tu nguyen li hoat dgng eiia May phat dien xoay chieu (MPDXC) ba pha hge sinh tim hieu cau tao cua MPDXC ba pha, hoat dgng cua MPDXC ba pha va xac dinh Hieu dien th6 Pha, Hieu dien the Day Ciia MPDXC ba pha Hge sinh tim hieu va mic tai: - Mac tai hinh Sao Mac tai hinh Tam giac Voi thiet bi thi nghiem (b) hinh 3, ngoai giai quyet duge muc dich da neu, no cho phep tien hanh thi nghiem bieu dien su xuat hien dong dien cua cac pha, nha co bg phan lam thay doi van toe ciia dgng CO dien lam quay Roto Ket luan Bg thi nghiem co the su dung tiiy theo yeu cau ctia bai giang, theo phuang phap cua giao vien, co the diing lam thi nghiem khao sat, thi nghiem thuc hanh cho hge sinh, phan May phat dien xoay chieu b a p h a SGK lop 12 THPT Dilm moi ciia thiet bi la ngoai cac chiic nang nhu cac thiet bi dang hien hanh ve phan nay, no cho ta tien hanh Hinh 2: Thiet bi thi nghiem mdy phdt dien xoay chieu bapha vai thi nghiem khao sat dinh lugng moi lien he giiia hieu Roto tit Dinamo xe dap dien the day va hieu dien the pha Bg thi nghiem dam bao + Tien hanh thi nghiem tinh khoa hge, tinh ben viing, vdi cac thiet bi: tinh an toan, de sir diing, che a- Thi^t bi thi nghiem tao dan gian va gia hap xii- dung Roto ciia Dinamo Vai ngi dung cua bai bao, xe dap chiing toi hi vgng phan nao CO tac dung lam tai lieu tham khao cho nhiing muon tu che tao TBTN de day hge phan Hinh 3: Thiit bi thi nghiem MPDXC bapha co Ro to ldm bdng nam chdm vTnh ciru vgt lieu Nano b- Thiet bi thi nghiem xu- dung Roto nam cham vinh cii-u vat lieu Nano Tia lieu tham khao Dang Van Dao, Le Van Doanh, Ky Thuat Dien, NXB Khoa hoc & Ky Thuat, Ha Noi 2001 Vu Thanh KhiSt, Pham Quy Tu, Nguyen Phiic Thuan, Nguyln Diic Tham, Vat li 11, NXB Giao due Luang Duyen Binh, Du Chi Cong, Nguyln Him H6, Vat li Dai cuong Tap 2, NXB Giao due II Duomg Trpng Bai, Nguyen Thugng Chung, Dao Van Phiic, Vu Quang, Vat Li 12, NXB Giao due Tai lieu huong din thi nghiem Vat li thong, Khoa Vat li, Trucmg DHSP Ha Noi Summary Recent researches on the content of three-phase AC Generator part in High School Physics Textbook for 12 Grade & laboratory kits using for teaching this part shows that almost laboratory equipments are for presentation only They cannot determine the quantitative relationship between the phase voltage and the wire voltage of three-phase altemating current in wiring in star and wiring in triangle On the other hand, these equipments are operated by hand, so the experiments cannot be performed continuously and regularly This reduces the effectiveness in acquiring knowledge of students, especially in teaching cognitive activities To solve these above problems, we have designed and made laboratory kits for students to study in groups, which are suitable for cognitive activities Laboratory equipments are used from readily available materials with reasonable prices in the market They have better features than current laboratory equipments for three-phase AC Generator, such as the feature for surveying, quantifying the relationship between the phase voltage and the wire voltage of three phase altemating current in wiring in star and wiring in triangle TAP CHITHIETBI GIAO DUC-SO 86-10/2012 • ... dgng eiia May phat dien xoay chieu (MPDXC) ba pha hge sinh tim hieu cau tao cua MPDXC ba pha, hoat dgng cua MPDXC ba pha va xac dinh Hieu dien th6 Pha, Hieu dien the Day Ciia MPDXC ba pha Hge sinh... dien xoay chieu bapha vai thi nghiem khao sat dinh lugng moi lien he giiia hieu Roto tit Dinamo xe dap dien the day va hieu dien the pha Bg thi nghiem dam bao + Tien hanh thi nghiem tinh khoa. .. Vai ngi dung cua bai bao, xe dap chiing toi hi vgng phan nao CO tac dung lam tai lieu tham khao cho nhiing muon tu che tao TBTN de day hge phan Hinh 3: Thiit bi thi nghiem MPDXC bapha co Ro to ldm