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II DOANH NGHIEP SAN PHAM THlAlNG HIED THIET KE CHE TAO BO THI NGHIEM^ TiCH HOP NGHIEN ClJfU CHUYEN DONG THANG, Sljr DUNG DONG HO DEM THdl GIAN NGUYEN LY TI/0NG TAC TIT D 6i mdi phuang phap day bgc Vat[.]
II DOANH NGHIEP - SAN PHAM - THlAlNG HIED THIET KE CHE TAO BO THI NGHIEM^ TiCH HOP NGHIEN ClJfU CHUYEN DONG THANG, Sljr DUNG DONG HO DEM THdl GIAN NGUYEN LY TI/0NG TAC TIT PGS.TS Nguyen Manh Thao - Nguyen Thj Dung Trudng Dqi hge Su phqm Hd Npi D 6i mdi phuang phap day bgc Vat li theo hu'dng phat huy tinh tich cue, tu luc, sang tao ciia ngu'di hgc, d6 hudng cho bgc sinh, sinh vien tu tay thiet ke, che tao cac tbi nghiem mdi c6 sir sang tao dong thdi khac phuc dugc nhung ban che ciia mgt so bg tbi nghiem hien hanh, tich hgp nhieu thi nghiem mgt TBTN de hgc sinh ciing co, md rgng va he thong b6a cac kien thirc da dugc ITnh bgi nha trudng va thuc te cugc song Khong nbfl'ng vay, ngoai phat buy kha nang tan dung bieu qua cac thiet bj san c6 nha trudng va xa bgi, c6n tao cho hgc sinh thii viec thiet ke che tao TBTN mdi Sau nghien cim ngi dung kien thiic SGK va khao sat cac bg thi nghiem dang dugc sir dung day hgc phan ca hgc vat li 10, chiing toi da thiet ke, che tao TBTN nghien cim chuyen dgng thang sii' dung dong bo dem thdi gian theo nguyen ly tuong tac tu' ( 12V- 50Hz) dugc gdn tren vat(xe) ma ta khao sat (binh 1) Vdi bd thi nghiem c6 the sir dung de nghien cim; 4Z • Chuyen dgng tliang deu; Chuyen dgng nhanh dan deu; Djnh luat I Niutan, Djnh luat II Niuton, Djnh luat III Niuton (su tuong tac ciia hai vat trudc va cham) va Djnh luat bao toan dgng lugng Theo ngi dung kien thuc SGK vdi cac bai da neu tren ciia phan Co bgc Vat li ldp 10, da dat cbo chiing toi yeu cau tliiet ke, che tao mgt bg thi nghiem nghien ciixi chuyen dgng thang dam bao dugc cac tieu chi nliu da dugc trinli bay trudc day [1], [2]: • Bg thi nghiem giiip tao mgt vat chuyen dgng thang deu va bien doi deu • Chuyen dgng ciia vat dugc ghi lai cho tu d6 c6 the xac djnh dugc: tga do, van tdc, gia toe theo thdi gian • Nghien cii'u djnh luat II Niutan can c6 them ca cau thay doi luc tac dung ma khon can xet den he vat • Nghien cim djnh luat bao toan dgng lugng can c6 vat va cham mem vdi • Thiet ke nho ggn, tranh cong kenh va phirc tap nhan thuc • Chi can thuc bien mgt lan thi nghiem cho mgt chuyin TAP CHi THIET Bj GIAO DUC - so 72 - 8/2011 Hintt 1: Dong ho dd duffc cai tien, gan tren xe dgng, kliong phai thuc hien nhieu lan thi nghiem tuang tu, de nghien ciru mgt chuyen dgng Dung trudc yeu cau d6, dua tren nguyen vat lieu c6 san tren thj trudng, ciing su trg giiip cua mgt sd may m6c don gian, chiing toi da thiet ke, che tao TBTT^ tich hgp ve chuyen dgng thang Dong bo du'gc cai tien thiet ke nh6 ggn va chinh xac ban, su dung nguon dien I2V- 50Hz dam bao nguyen tac an toan [I], Bo thi nghif m gom: • Ngudn dien 12 V 50 Hz • Dong ho dem thdi gian (0,02 s) da dugc hoan thien nang cap (nb6 ggn va chinh xac ban) • mang dai 0,9m gan ray kim loai dan dien dugc klioet ranh d (rgng 1,5cm, giua bai ray kim loai) DOANH NGHIEP - SAN PHAM - THlTdNG HIED • xe c6 the trugt vdi ma sat nho tren ray dong thdi c6 hai cap banh xe lay dien 12V- 50Hz tu hai ray, mgt xe co gan rong rgc • sung cung cap van toe ban dau cbo xe (dung qua nang rai vdi cao khac nhau, can thay doi ldn ciia lire tae dung len xe) • Cac day n6i dien va bang giSy • Bg phan thay doi goc nghieng ciia mang Tap chi Thiet bj Giao due, so 47, 2009, tr.38-39 Hinh 3a Hinh 3b Hinh 1: Anh cdn lao cua TBTN • Bg phan g6c nghieng cua mang • Bg phan dd gia trgng ciia tbi nghiem nghien ciru dinh luat HI Niuton Cach tien hanh thi nghiem: I Sir dung TBTN tien hanh tbi ngiem nghien cuu Chuyen dgng thang deu, Nhanh dan deu, Djnh luat bao toan dgng lugng, Djnh luat (1,11) Niuton (binh 3a, 3b) dugc tiln hanh theo hudng dan ciia bai ""Thiit ke chi tgo bp thi nghiim nghiin ciru chuyin dpng thdng su dung dong ho dim thdi gian theo nguyen li tuang tdc tu" Sir dung TBTN tien hanh nghien ciru djnh luat III Niuton (hinh 4): Hmh Phuang phap nghien ciru va tien hanh thi nghiem da dugc dang chi tiet d bai Thiet ki chi tgo vd su dung bp thi nghiem Dinh ludt III Niuton di dgy hgc bdi dinh ludt III Niuton chirong trinh SGK Idp 10 THPT", Tap chi Thilt bj Giao due, so 58, 2010, tr.9-10 II Ket luan: TBTN tich hgp nghien ciru chuyen dgng thang sir dung dong ho dem thdi gian gan tren xe da dugc cai tien che tao c6 chinh xae ban, tien hanh dugc bang loat cac thi nghiem phan ca hgc Vat li Idp 10 THPT TBTN de chl tao, gia thap, an toan, dap iing day dii yeu cau doi thi nghiem sir dung cac bai ve chuyen dgng thang va khac phuc dugc nhieu diem han che ciia cac bg thi nghiem c6 cung mue dich dang sii' dung va dugc cai tien tong hgp hai TBTN [1], [2] da dugc dang bao trudc day Bg thi nghiem c6 the bien rgng rai tdi cac trudng THPT vdi chi phi thap, de dang viee sir dung doi vdi giao vien va bgc sinh Tai li^u tham khao Nguyen Manh Thao, pham Thj Trang Nhung, ""Thiet ke chi tgo bp thi nghiem nghien ciru chuyin dpng thdng su dung ddng ho dim thdi gian theo nguyen li luong tdc tu" Tap cbi Thiet bj Giao due, so 47, 2009, tr.38-39 Nguyen Manh Thao, ""Thiet ki chi tgo vd su dung bp thi nghiem Dinh ludt III Niuton de dgy hgc bdi dinh ludt III Niuton chuang trinh SGK Idp 10 THPT', Tap cbi Thilt bj Giaoduc,s6 58,2010,tr.9-10 TAP CHi THI^T B! GIAO DUC • so 72 • 8/2011 • 43 ... ciia bai ""Thiit ke chi tgo bp thi nghiim nghiin ciru chuyin dpng thdng su dung dong ho dim thdi gian theo nguyen li tuang tdc tu" Sir dung TBTN tien hanh nghien ciru djnh luat III Niuton (hinh... 2010, tr.9-10 II Ket luan: TBTN tich hgp nghien ciru chuyen dgng thang sir dung dong ho dem thdi gian gan tren xe da dugc cai tien che tao c6 chinh xae ban, tien hanh dugc bang loat cac thi nghiem... Nhung, ""Thiet ke chi tgo bp thi nghiem nghien ciru chuyin dpng thdng su dung ddng ho dim thdi gian theo nguyen li luong tdc tu" Tap cbi Thiet bj Giao due, so 47, 2009, tr.38-39 Nguyen Manh Thao,