NGHIEN COU IRAO DOI • cuu IRAO flOl VM IVO cm co,c icniing PAIWC CW ^kUG m DAy mM trong viec phat trien vung nong thon Dong bang song C I J Long Thyc hi^n de dn "Ddo tao nghl cho lao ddng ndng thdn dd[.]
NGHIEN COU IRAO DOI • cuu IRAO flOl VM IVO cm co,c icniing PAIWC CW ^kUG m DAy m viec phat trien vung nong thon Dong bang song C I J Long T hyc hi^n de dn "Ddo tao nghl cho lao ddng ndng thdn dd'n niim 2020" cOa Bd Lao dpng - Thffdng blnh vd Xa hdi cac trffdng day nghl Cao dSng vd Dai hpc dai trdn nhilu dja phffdng ciia cd nydc ndi chung vd khu vyc Ddng b^ng sdng Cihi Long ndi ridng dd triln khai cdc chydng trtnh ddo tao vd day nghe nh^m cung cd'p ngudn nhdn lyc chat lypng cao vd hd trd tich eye ve mdt khoa hpc - ky thudt cho lao ddng ndng thdn nhtfng ndm qua dd dat dypc mpt sd kd't qua kha quan Diln hinh nhff chffdng trinh "Nhip c l u nha ndng", "chffdng trtnh ndng ddn lam gidu" da huy tu dypc nhilu nhd nghien cihj khoa hoc nhieu Gido sff, Tid'n sT song hanh vdi cdc de dn, cdc chffdng trinh nghien ctfu vd cdc tfng dung rat thie't thyc di vdo thyc td' lam cho ddi sdng cQa ndng dan ngdy cdng dtfdc cdi thien, ldm thay ddi dtfpc bp mdt kinh te'ndng thdn nhtf dien, ntfdc cho sinh boat, bd tong hda dtfdng giao thdng ndng thdn, benh vidn, trtfdng hpc dtfdc ndng cap va cang phdt triln DSn so viing Ddng b^ng sdng Ctfu Long chid'm gan 21% cd ntfdc, la vtfa thdc Nam bd c6 vai trd dam bao an ninh Itfdng thffc TUr.inKHMHOCiCiffiCNCHl - ThS TRAN TH| BICH LIEN Trtfdng bp mdn k^todn Khoa Kinh t^'trUtfng Dtfi hpc Dong Thdp Qud'c gia vd nPl cung csfp nhilu ngudn Ipl xud't kh^u khdng nhtfng mdt hdng gao dtfng diu cd ntfdc, cdn Id ndi cung cSfp nhilu mdt hdng trdi cay ngon, ndi tilng nhtf xodi, nhdn, chdm chdm mdng cuL vd cdc ngudn thuy sdn, hdi sdn gdm cdc loai nhtf tdm, cd rd't phong phu, da dang cd gid tri xud't kh^u rd't Idn mang Iai kinh td'cao Tuy nhidn, tinh hinh ndng thdn thuOc khu vtfe Ddng bdng sdng Ctfu Long ndi chung chung van cdn nhilu khd khan can dtfpc thdo gd Bdi Id ngtfdi dan ndi day vd'n Id cin ctf, sieng nang nhtfng Id nhffng ngtfdi cd the ndi Id c6 thu nhSp thd'p nha't vd nghdo nhat hien Theo nhieu sd ligu thdng ke cua Chinh phu, Dong b^ng sdng Ctfu Long Id vffng "triing" ve dg eao trung blnh, md cdn "trtfng" ve vdn hda, "trung" ve kinh td' nhd't cd nffdc Cdc hd gia (Bnh gidu cd chi Id phln nh6, da sd Id "Dai gia" hp chi Id nhffng ngffdi ldm chu doanh nghiep, chii cdc dich vu, hg khong phdi Id ngffdi trtfc tid'p sdn xua't nong nghidp Cdn Iai da sd'ld cdc hd ndng dan cd thu nhap th^p B^ng chtfng, g i n trdn 90% "sd dd, sd hdng" la gl^y chtfng nhdn quyln stf dung dd't vd tdi s^n cua ndng ddn hien dang gtfi gIm tai cdc ngan hdng nhd ntfdc hoac tai cdc cd sd doanh nghidp khdc vd dang cd nguy cd "khdng hen ngdy trd v l " Thdng qua cdc chffdng trinh nhdn di ttf thien nhtf chtfdng trinh "Chap cdnh ffdc md" hoac "Vypt len chinh minh" ta cdng cdm thdng dypc ddi sd'ng ndng thdn cua bd ndng dan hien dang cdn qud nhieu khd khan va bitdn Thd'y dtfdc tiem nang va thdch thtfc dang ddi mat cua nong thdn Ddng bang song Ctfu Long Cdu hdi ddt la: Ai Id ngtfdi giai dffdc bai toan nay? ChKc chin khdng phai chinh la cdc Bdc ndng dan mdt nang hai stfdng ndy Vi thtfc te' cac ndm qua cdc Bdc da ttfng nd Itfc cd g^ng, ty thdn vdn ddng, Id nhffng ngtfdi ti^c tie'p ddi dien, \%l lOn vdi cupc sdng ridng cua minh theo vdng lan quan "cdm cu ddi cdm mdi", ctf didn mai diep khuc "trdng rdi chat", ctf "nudi rdi thS " Ngay qua ngay, rdi tudi ddi etfa cac Bac ndng ddn lai cing cao them nhffng NGHIEN COU IRAO M l NGHIEN Cill) IRAO f nhtfiig ndi lo toan mdi ngtfdi cdc Bdc hinh nhff ciing ndng mang, dong hdnh theo cdc btfdc chan ddm tan hiy d'y! Ddng va Nhd nffdc ta rat quan tam din ndng thdn vd cham lo dd'n ddi sd'ng ndng dan thl hidn qua cde van kidn Dai hpi Dang cac cd'p Nhtf thtfc hidn Nghj quyd't Trung ffpng lan thy vl ndng nghiep, ndng ddn va ndng thdn, thang 10 - 2008, Chinh phii da nghi quyd't ban hdnh chydng trinh hanh ddng ctfa CWnh phu, dd cd myc tidu: tap trung dao tao nguon nhan lyc d ndng thdn, chuyen mot bp phdn lao ddng ndng nghidp sang cdng nghiep va dich vu, gidi quydt viec lam nham nang cao thu nhdp mdt btfdc cho ngtfdi ndng dan Nham cu t h l hda chtfdng trinh hanh ddng trdn, thang 11 - 2009 Thu tydng Chinh phu da phd duyet de an "Ddo tao nghl cho lao ddng ndng thdn den nam 2020" (ggi tat la D l an 1956) D l an ndu rd quan diem etfa Dang, Nha ntfdc ta la dao tao nghl cho lao ddng ndng tiion la stf nghidp cua Dang va Nha nydc, cua cac cap, cac nganh va xa hdi nham nang cao chd't lypng lao ddng ndng thdn, dap tfng ydu cau cdng nghiep hda, hidn dai hda ndng nghidp, ndng thdn "Van hda la chia khda" soi dffdng, thtfc hidn cudc each mang Khoa hgc va Ky thudt mdi cd the dya d^t ntfdc tien dd'n cdng nghiep hda hien dai hda dat ntfdc Do vSy vai trd cua cac nhd khoa khgc cdc nhd nghidn ctfu dang cdng tdc tai cdc vidn, cac trffdng Day nghl Cao ding va Dal hpc la rat quan bxing Id ydu td' then chd't gidi quyd'l nhffng vd'n d l ndng thdn hi^n Nhd trffdng phdi ditfc hien nguydn ly gido due "hgc phdi di doi vdi hdnh" Phdi day "ty trtfc quan sinh d0ng dd'n tff trtfu tffdng vd ttf ttf trtfu ttfdng vdo thyc tiln" Cd ty di trydc ddn dau, day cac ngdnh nghl ddp tfng theo nhu clu xa hdi phuc vu tdt cho nin kinh tethi tnidng va sSn sdng hgi nhap cho nin kinh td' qudc te Nhd trydng cin gidm cdc gid hgc day "chay ", kho khan, hdn Idm thidu thtfc tidn Tang cydng xay dyhg cdc cd sd vat chat danh cho thi nghidm, tdng cffdng thyc hanh, thyc tdp nghidp vu vide giang day cdc mdn hgc nghidp vy chuyen nganh, trang bi du vdt chd't cho cdc boat dgng tai cac phdng thi nghiem d cac khoa Sinh, Hda, xtfdng dien ttf, xtfdng cd khi, mdy tinh cho khoa Lf, khoa Ky thuat va Tin hgc, Mang mdy tinh cung cap thdng tin, dff hdu cho khoa Kinh te va phong Nghien ctfu khoa hgc vd phdng Quan he qudc te Xdy diftig hd thdng trtfdng Thtfc hanh stf pham cho khoa sff pham Khdng ngffng tang cffdng mdi giao Iffu Uen kit, hdp tac ddo tao vdi cdc trffdng khdc vd ede cd sd - doanh nghidp Idn va cd uy tin vd ngodi tinh cd Udn quan vdi cdc nganh nghe dao tao cua nha trtfdng Nha trffdng ndn phdt ddng kdu ggi, khuyin khich vd thdm chi can co chinh sdch kinh td' thda ddng de thu hut sinh vidn, cdn bp, vd gidng vidn nhd trffdng chu trpng diu tffcho cdc d l dn, dff dn vd cdc cdng trinh nghien cffu khoa hpc c6 khd ndng dp dung vdo thyc tien cuOc sdng ndng thdn hien nay, bien qud trtnh hgc tdp nghidn ctfu c£ia sinh vien vd gidng vidn Id qud trtnh ty gidc, ttf nghien ctfu vd cdng hidn sudt ddi Thtfc td'hien nay, ndng thdn Ddng b^ng sdng Ctfu Long dang can nhieu d l an, dy dn rd't cd^p bdch nhkm ttfng btfdc thao gd cac vd'n d l khd khdn dang tdn ddng trdn cdc mat sau ddy: - Vide dao tao vd stf dyng ngudn nhan Iffc de phdt trien ndng thdn ndi chung va nguon nhdn Itfc ddo tao nganh sff pham phyc vy cho stf nghidp gido due ndi ridng hidn dang tinh trang dy thtfa nhdm gido vien cap 2,3 va thieu trim trpng gido vien ngoai ngtf va mam non Trong hodn canh bd ndng ddn dang nd Itfc, chac chieu, de xen de cho em minh dtfPc vdo hpe cde trydng dai hpc chinh qui cdc nganh nghe nhiftig trydng thi rat khd tim dtfpc vide Idm, budc phai hpc lai nghl khac hoac bd nghe di lam nghe khdc kilm sdng gay lang phi tiln cua va cong stfc vd btfc xtfc khdng nhd quan chung nhan dan - Can phat t r i l n vd quy hoach vung trdng lua ntfdc dam (Xem tiip trang 16) Thong Im KHOA HOC S CONG NCIIE ( ^NGHlCM•KyTHUAI • K ? IHUAI dung rOng rai, bd ndng ddn vSn cdn e ngal vl kd't qud nghidn ctfu Cho ndntioTdcmIt d l bd an tam tiong tt-dng cay nhdn cdn Itfu ^: Khi stf dyng KCIO, ndn th&n ti-gng, vl ddy Id ch^t d l gdy chdy nd ldm htf bp re cdy, khdng khuydn cdo stf dung nbllu lln 01 mHa vu; Cin cd vat dung bdo h9 cho ngtfdi Ulp xiic vdi KCIO, Bdn canh dd, thdi gian tdi, nhO^g titi nghidm vl stf dung chat lay tilng cd gdc hypoclorile-(NaOCI) xtf li hoa nghich mDa tidn cay nhan cung cin dtfdc Uli nghiem U^n dign rdng dc bd ndng d^n thiy ro tdc dyng vd stf an todn stf dung NaOCI so vdi KCIO, hffdng tdi mdt ndn ndng nghidp an todn thinh vffpng vd bin vffng Tdi lifu tham khao: Off-season Flower Induction of Long an with Potassium Chlorate, Sodium Chlorite, and Sodium Hypochlorite Ti acie K Matsumoto, Mike A Nagao and Bruce Mackey HorTechnology 2007 Kanaree, W and W Pankasemsuk 2005 El led of potassium chlorate on fruit quality of 'Do' longan Acta Hort 665:281-283 Wiwatanadate P., R Voravong, T Mahawana and D Saraprug 2001 Health effects in potassium chlorate-exposed longan growers Internal Medi-cine J Thailand 17:94-97 Vai tro (Tiep theo irang 5) bdo nang sua't chat Iffdng, xua't khau vd an todn cho moi trffdng - sinh thdi, bdo tdn khd ndng "Sdng chung vdi lu " mang tinh dac thu ciia vting sdng nffdc Md-Kdng - Can phat trien vd quy hoach vung chdn nuoi hai san, thuy san dam bdo Unh kinh te, hidu qud, chat Iffpng va bdo vd mdi trffdng cho ndng thon vung Dong bang song Ctfu Long - Vide phdn phdi vd chd'bien sdn pham ndng nghidp, vd nguydn vdt Ilgu phuc vu boat dpng san xud't ndng nghiep viing Ddng b i n g sdng Ctfu Long - Phat trien Du lich, Dich vu vd Thydng mai mang tinh ddc thu vung song ntfdc Nam bp Trdn ddy Id nhffng ndt cd bdn eho thSy dffdc tiem ndng va vai trd quan trpng, cung vdi nhffng khd khan vd thdch thtfc khdng nho vdn c6 eiia ndng thdn Ddng b^ng sdng Ctfu Long Ddng vd Nhd ntfdc ta ludn quan tam dd'n stf phdt triln va nhat la quan tam de'n ddi sdng nhdn dan d vung Ddng bing sdng Ctfu Long the hien qua nhieu chinh sach vd dtf dn cap qud'c gia, hdng 16 0- l;nk|irAHOCiCO\C!iCHl nam irung tfdng cung dd chi hdng ngdn ti ddng d l phuc vu cho cdc chffdng tiinh ve ndng thdn Cdc chinh sdch ve ndng thon da Idm cd sd hanh lang phdp ly cho cdc dia phffdng cdc trffdng day nghl, cdc trffdng trung hgc, eao ding vd Dai hpc thtfc hidn cdc chtfdng trinh ddo tao vd day nghe nhlm cung cap ngudn nhan lyc vd tri Itfc cho cdc dia phtfdng de xay dtfng vd thtfc hidn cdc chydng tiinh myc tieu, da ttfng btfdc ndng cao vd cdi tiiien dtfdc ddi sdng ndng tiidn ngdy cang tdt hdn Nhffng va'n d l vffdng mdc cdn lai hien thdi cua ndng tiion Ddng bSng song Ctfu Long chic ring se thdng qua bing vide dau tff ngudn kinh phi cua ti-ung ffPng va stf nhidt tinh ddng gdp Iff cdc dia phffdng ti-ong cdc dtf dn kha tiii Iff cdc Trtfdng Day nghl, Trung ca'p, Cao dang vd Dai hpc, ttf dd ca ba nhd: Nhd ntfdc, Nhd khoa hpc vd Nhd nong se cung chia se hdp tac tiong dd vai ti-d chu dao vln Id cdc nha nghidn ctfu khoa hpc ttf cdc nha trtfdng Nhffng kinh nghidm qui bdu cd dtfdc ttf nhffng ndm qua cho chiing ta khing dinh ring ndng tiidn Ddng bang sdng Ctfu Long thdt sff la ngtfdi anh hiing tiong khdng chien vd cung se la ngtfdi anh htfng tix)ng sdn xua't ti-ong tiidi md etfa Vi vay hp tii^t xtfng ddng dtfdc tiitfa htfdng cudc sd'ng Im no, h?nh phiic vd gidu dgp ttfdng lai./ ... ''Do'' longan Acta Hort 665:281-283 Wiwatanadate P., R Voravong, T Mahawana and D Saraprug 2001 Health effects in potassium chlorate-exposed longan growers Internal Medi-cine J Thailand 17:94-97 Vai. .. cdng nghiep hda hien dai hda dat ntfdc Do vSy vai trd cua cac nhd khoa khgc cdc nhd nghidn ctfu dang cdng tdc tai cdc vidn, cac trffdng Day nghl Cao ding va Dal hpc la rat quan bxing Id ydu td''... vung Dong bang song Ctfu Long - Vide phdn phdi vd chd''bien sdn pham ndng nghidp, vd nguydn vdt Ilgu phuc vu boat dpng san xud''t ndng nghiep viing Ddng b i n g sdng Ctfu Long - Phat trien Du lich,