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NGHIEN CUU & UNG DUNG DANH GIA TRE TU KY ThS Nguyin Th | Thanh Truong Cao ddng Suphgm Trung uang L D A T V A N D ^ Djnh nghTa theo DSM FV TR ty ky ndm ti ong nh6m cdc rli logn phdt triln Ian tod (PDD[.]

NGHIEN CUU & UNG DUNG DANH GIA TRE TU KY ThS N g u y i n T h | Thanh Truong Cao ddng Suphgm Trung uang L DATVAND^ Djnh nghTa theo DSM-FVTR: ty ky ndm ti-ong nh6m cdc rli logn phdt triln Ian tod (PDD: Pervasive Developmental Disorders); Ld mpt nh6m h^i chiing dugc djc trung bdi suy gidm n$ng nl vd Ian tod nh&ng ITnh vyc phdt triln: tirong tdc x3 h$i, giao dip vd cd nhihig hdnh vi rgp khudn, djnh hinh Suy gidm ve tutnig tdc x3 h$i: Tre bj suy gidm nhieu tuang tdc qua Igi vdi mgi ngudi, hdu hit he ty ky (TTK) bilu hien su CO Igp, thich choi mgt minh Suy gidm ve giao tiep Trong giao tiSp bdng ,ngay, TTK khong quan tdm din Idi ndi ciia doi tugng giao tilp Tre khdng c6 phdn ling gpi ten minh, khong quan tdm d8n moi ngudi xung quanh, khong lam theo nh&ng hudng dan cua ngudi khac tre vdn cd cae ki ndng nghe nhu tre binh thudng Co mgt s6 TTK d dang cam, tiic la chua bao gid noi, mdc dii tre cd dm ngu nhung khong giao tilp, khdng noi Tre khong c6 nhu cau chia s6 vdi moi ngirdi xung quanh, lupn dam chim suy nghi thi gidi rieng cua minh Da phdn TTK gJip kho khan dien dgt Idi n6i, mdt so tre khdng hi€u ngudi khdc noi gi nen khong bilt ndi gi giao tiep MQt so tre khdc hilu noi dung giao tilp nhung khong ndi Khi giao tiep vdi nhihig ngudi xung quanh, tre thudng c6 dnh mat nhin Idng tranh, Idiong nhin vdo mat ngudi khdc tr6 chuyen de nhan bi8t ndo tdi phi8n minh ndi chuySn, ndo nhudng cho ngudi khdc Khi \xh mu6n,dilu gi, tr8 khdng dung Idi ndi dl yeu cau, khdng diing cdc tin hieu cii chi de bdo cho ngudi khac bilt md thudng keo tay hg den chd tre Hdnh vi cd tfnh r|p khudn, djnh hinh Cdc hieu chiing ndy xudt hi?n trudc tuoi Trong qud trinh can thi§p sdm cho TTK, ddnh gid Id mQt vi$c 1dm quan trpng giiip chiing ta cd till gidi ddp dugc tilde mdc: tch cd bj Ty ky khdng? M&c dp Id njng hay nh?? Cd khuylt tgt ndo di kfem khong? Tren co sd dd 1dm cdn cd quan trgng dl tiln hdnh xay dyng ehuong trinh Can thi?p sdm cho trd Cling nhu vi^c tu van, hudng din phu huynh II NOI DUNG Trong qud trinh ddnh gid nhd chuy8n mdn cdn sd dung cdc phuong h§n, cdc c6ng cu danh gia de dua kit luan chinh xac, khoa hgc Vi?c ddnh gia TTK can thyc hi$n cdc budc nhu sau: Budc 1: Quan sdt nhfing dau hi|u it tr£ c6 the nghi ngd IdTvk^ - Ve ngdn ngit TTK khong biet bap be luc 12 thdng, khong bilt ndi tu don liic 16 thdng, khong ndi dugc cum t& doi mot cdch ty^nhien liic 24 thdng - Ve quan hf xa hgi: TTK khong biet cudi Idn tieng hoac co nhihig bieu Ip vui v8, thich thii khac d thdng tu6i Khong chia sfi qua Igi vdi nhiing am thanh, nu cudi, ho$c bilu 16 net m a t d liic thdng, rat dgc lap, giao tilp mdt kem d chinh thi gidi cua ti-e, khdng hod hgp, khdng quan tam din tre khdc, khdng bilt bdt chude vdo liic 24 thdng - vi giao tiep: TTK khdng ddp ling ggi t8n, khdng tiieo hudng din, khong nhin vao mat va mdt ngudi khdc giao tilp, CO liic nghe nhung liic khdc lai khong nghe , - Ve hdnh vi: Nhiing can ndi gian, tdng dgng, khdng hgp tdc bode chdng dli, di nhdn gdt Ngay nhgn bai 20/12/2012; Ngay duyel dang 25/01/2013 • TAP CHI THIET BI GIAO DUC 5090-02/2013 gdn bd khdc thudng vdi mdt s6 dd choi, qud nhay cam vdi mdt so cdm gidc, xiic gidc hoac am thanh, cd nh&ng kilu van dong ngdn tay bode co thi khac la Budc 2: Ddnh gil sdng Ipc TTK theo Bdng kilm M CHAT Cdu hdi ciia bdng kilm M CHAT (ddnh cho tr6 d dp tudi 16-36 tiidnghioi) Tr6 cd thich thu duoc du dua bode nhdy tr§n ddu gdi ban khdng? Tre cd quan tdm din tre khdc khdng? Tre cd thich leo, treo cSu thang khdng? Tre cd thich choi li oa hoac tim mpt dd vat hi,ddu di khong? Tre ed bilt choi gia va, vd: noi chuy?n di?n thogi, cham blip be ho^c trd choi gia vd khac khdng? Tre cd su dung ngdn cho de chi ho^c chia tay de xin cdi ^ khdng? _ Tre co chi bdng ngon tro de the hi^n sy quan tdm ve thur gi khdng? Tre cd choi diing each voi dd choi khdng (xe td, bo xep hinh ) md khdng bd vao mieng, thao tdc rdp khudn ho^c nera di khdng? , Tre cd dua cho ban nhung dd choi hodc vat de chi cho ban khdng? 10 Tre cd nhin vdo mat b ^ nhieu hem gidy khdng? 11., Tre ed v8 qud nhay cam vdi tieng ddng khdng? (vd: bit tai) 12 Tre cd cudi de dap lai nu cudi cua ban khdng? 13 Tre cd bat chudc ban khdng? 14 Tr8 cd ddp dug tre gpi ten ban khdng? 15 Khi ban chi mpt dd chcri phdng, tre cd nhin theo NGHIEN CUU & UNG DUNG khdng? 16 Tre cd di binh thudng khdng? 17 Tre cd nhin dd vdt md ban nhin khdng? 18 Tre CO 1dm nhiing cu dgng bdt thudng cua ngdn tay gdn m$t fre khdng? 19 Tre c6 1dm ban chii y din sinh boat ciia tr6 khdng? 20 Co bao gid ban nghi ban hi diec khong? 21 Tre cd hieu dieu ngudi khdc noi khdng? 22 Ddi tre co nhin ddm ddm dieu gi hodc di lang thang khdng chii dich khdng? _ 23 Tre co nhin vao mdt b ^ dS ki8m tra phdn ling ciia ban ddi di^n vdi dieu ban khdng quen thuOc khdng? , Bang kiSm M - CHAT se cho ket qua nguy co cao tre cd it nhdt ba cau trd Idi bat ky ho$c hai cdu then cbdt (nSjn cdc cau s6 2, 7, 9, 13, 14, 15) la khdng Tuy nhiSn, vdi cdc cau 11,18,20, 22 thi cau tra Idi co lai dm chi nguy ca tre bi ty ky Birorc 3: Sir dung thang ddnh gid mirc tu ky Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) d l xem TTK d muc d6 ndo? Mdi linh vyc ciia thang CARS cd mdt d trdng d dudi moi miic dO d8 ghi chii kit qua quan sat dugc tuong \mg vdi mdi miic dp Sau quan sdt tre ddnh gid ket qud tuong ling vdi moi muc ciia muc do Tai moi muc, khoanh 1,5 trdn vdo so dng vdi tinh trang hi?n sdm vd can thi?p sdm NXB Y md td diing nhdt cua tre Chiing hQC,H 2007 ta cd thi chi tr8 cd tinh y ^ g Nguyin Vdn Tt^aih Tr8 em nam gifta hai miic dp bdng viec Ty 1^ phuong thiic gido due NXB cho dilm 1,5; 2,5 hodc 3,5 Mdi Ton gido, H 2006 miic dd cd gde ti8u y{ ddnh gid V5 Nguyen Tmh Van Nudi ngdn ggn bj Ty k^ NXB Bamboo, Sau quan sdt vd ddnh gid Austialia 2002 xong chung ta tien hdnh tong hpp V6 Nguyin Tinh Van diem Cdn cii vdo dilm cuoi ciing De hieu ty l^^ NXB Bamboo, chiing ta cd the di din kit ludn tr8 Ausyalia, 2002 bi Ty ky muc dg ndo nhu sau: Gary Mesibov & Marie Accessing the - Dirdi 30 dilm: Id tre binh Howley tiiudng; Tft 30 din 36 dilm: Curriculum for pupil with la TTK cd miic dO nh?; Tii 37 Autistic speclum Disorder David din 40 dilm: Id TTK cd miic dg Fulton Publishers, 2003 nSng; Tir 41 din 60 dilm: la TTK Michael D Powers cd muc dq rat n5ng Children with Autism: A Parent's Guide (2"^ Edition 2001) III KET LUAN Summary Trong qua trinh ddnh gia de Assessment is an important cho ket luan cd the mang tinh toan di8n hon chiing ta c6 the step in the process of early ket hap ciing vdi bac s j dl dien intervention for children witii nSo dd xem tre cd b} tdng dgng autism The assessment can khdng, ddi song nhu thi ndo? Xet provide us with information that nghiem mau xem co bi nhiem help diagnose if the child has dgc thiiy ngan va cdc kim loai autism syndrome or not? If yes, nang khac khong, cd di ling thiic what the level it is? Based on the an khdng? assessment results, conclusions Ddnh gid sai 1dm hoac cham on the children status can be tre se Id van de nghiem trpng, formulated, iirom which we can lam mdt co hoi cho vi?c tiiyc develop the intervention plan hien cdc chuang trinh CMI thiep for children as well as provide sdm va 1dm gidi ban kien thiic appropriate consultation to their khoa hoc ve qua trinh phdt trien parents In this article we will ciia tr8, cung nhu anh hudng tdi present the steps and tools of the assessment for children with kit qud chfta tri cho TTK autism, that enable us to orient and conduct the assessment in Tdi li|u tham khdo most effective ways Vu Thi Bich Hanh Ty ky phat I QUAN Ht V