DmfivHpci Van hoa gia dinh vofi sir phat trien cua tre trong nam dau dcfi ThS PHAM THJ THU H6A Trudng Dgi hpe Hdng DUc Tdmtit St/hinh thdnh, phdt trien tim l^,]^thCtc, nhSnc^ch cua con ngudi ndi Chung[.]
DmfivHpci Van hoa gia dinh vofi sir phat trien cua tre nam dau dcfi ThS PHAM THJ THU H6A Trudng Dgi hpe Hdng DUc Tdmtit St/hinh thdnh, phdt trien tim l^,]^thCtc, nhSnc^ch cua ngudi ndi Chung, tri ndm diu (0 -12 thdng) ndi rieng phij thugc vao nhieu yeu to, dd c6 mot yeu tdgiff vai trd cue ky quan trgng, dd Id gia dinh, nen vdn hda gia dinh Nghien cdu vi vai trd cua nin vdn hda Id vi$c lim can thiit qud trinh chdm sdc, gido di^c tre D$t va'n fli Td IQe smh ra, hau h i t trd em deu dupe nudi dudng mdt td am, d i n mpl dd ludi nhdt dinh ehung mdi hod nhdp dupc vdo cdng ddng xa hot To dm eOa trd em la gia dinh Id mdi trudng van hoa dupe tgo dyng tren cd sd tinh ydu thUOng, dOm bpc Idn cua nhQng ngudi rudt thjt, Cd t h l h i l u "Gia dinh la mdl nhdm nhd cua xa hfii, cac vi&n nhdm cd quan he ve hdn nhan hoae huylt thdng, tam- sinh ly, eung cd ehung gid tri vat chdt, tinh thdn I n dinh ede thdi diem lieh sd nhat djnh" (3) Cd t h l ndi vin hoi gla dinh la mdl mdi trudng dae biet rdt phO hyp vdi sy phdt trien cua trd thd Vi trUde het gla dinh li mdl trudng an toin, dd dUa I r l Idn l&n ben cgnh nhOng ngudi rutSt thft ludn dupe yeu thUong, ap u; mdi trudng dd tgo nen d trd edm giae an lodn v l mat tam 19 Do trd ludn dupe eham sdc nen tgo d trd cdm giae an toan v l mSt the chdt, Nhd ed edm giac an todn dd, dda trd mdi cdm thdy ydn tdm, mdi vui tuoi hon nhi&n, mil mgnh dgn, thdm dd, thCf nghi&m, tim each tae ddng len sy vat xung quanh d l phat huy nhQng khd ndng ve sinh ly vd tSm ly dang ndy nd Mat di cdm giac an toan, dda trd ludn sp hai, d l co minh lai, giam tfnh tfeh cye, nang ddng vd thudng xuyen roi vdo llnh trgng thy ddng, buin bd Gla dinh cdn Id mdl trudng phong phd gia dinh thudng ed dng bd, champ, anh chj em tgo nhdng mil quan hd nhilu ehilu, da dgng The gidi vdt nha, tCf nhOng dd dung hang ngdy den vdt nudi, cay tring.ddu mudn mau, mufin vd_tgo d i l u ki&n cho trd tdm quen vdi mdl IrUdng xung quanh, b i l l eon dao eai bat, cdi r l , eai xoong-Hon t h l nQa trd cdn ed t h l tham gia vdo cdc cdng vide nhd theo khd ndng cua minh nhuldy d l vdt gidp ngudi Idn, nhdt rau, qudt nhd.NhU v$ytrd cd djp ihCt nghidm ededd dOng nha, quadd trd b i l l dpc cfing dyng vd ehdc ndng eCia chQng vd nhQng kinh nghidm edn thilt eho cudc sdng Cd the ndi "van hoa gia dinh la mdi trudng an toan va phong phu, dd tre dUpc nudi dudng va dgy dd theo mdl phUdng IhQc dSe bi&l- phuong Ihdc gla dinh- kUic vdi nhQng phUOng thdc khac" (7) Phuong thdc tac ddng cua gia dinh d6i vdi trd ed nhdng ddc diem sau: Thd nhit Gia dinh eham sde trd bdng tinh thuong y&u rufit thit Dd la mdl llnh cdm dac bi&t md ngudi Idn danh cho trd nhd gia dinh Tren co sd tinh y&u thuong rudt thil ma nudi dudng va dgy trd nghla la nudi dgy bdng linh thudng Ngudi Idn gia dinh hit Idng vi dda trd va ndi bat len tat ed Id vai trd eua ngUdi me, vdi hai ddc linh la nhgy edm va s i n sang ddi vdi sy phat tnen cua Nhd linh nhgy edm, ngUdi mg d l dang phat hien dupe nhdng bien ddi du la nhd nhat v l tinh tinh eung nhQ sdc khoe cua dda eon Nhd tinh sdn sang ma ngUdi me bao gid eung dap Qng kjp thdi nhu eau phat tnen eua dUa Ire, khong trd mfil khd khan trd nggi nao Chi cd gia dinh dda tre mdi dupe hudng llnh y&u thuong, mdi ed nhdng phut gidy vui dua thfeh thu ben mp, trd truyen thu thi vdi ngudi thdn, dupc vo v l an, ngu Sdng mdi trudng Iran ngap llnh yeu thuong, dda trd s& dupc thod man nhu eau tinh cdm de phal t n l n Thdhai: Ngudi tdn gia dinh dgy trd bdng giao tilp tryc tilp va thudng xuyen, NgUdi tdn cd the vUa ldm viee nha, vQa theo ddi dgy dd cdi, tap dupt cho Dd ia phUPng thdc thudng dien eae gia dinh, phuong thde khdng can chuong trinh, bai bdn mfil cdch h& thdng, Ngudi Idn dgy trd thudng xuy&n d mpi luc, mpi ndi, cdc tinh hudng cCia eufic sing thye xung quanh, Thdba: Gia dinh khong t i l n hanh tdc dfing ddng logt vdi tre nhdm hay tap t h l md eham sde, dgy tdng chdu mdt, ke cd vdi cde trd smh ddi, dd dda trd ed dieu kidn dupc eham sde ehu dao, tl mf tU luc ngu tdi bda dn, dupc bdo ban can ke td Idi an, tiing ndi s o 3-2013 tu each di ddng tdi each Qng xd thdng thudng hdng Trong gia dinh nhdt la gia dinh ed truyen thl Ihudng ed nhilu vi&n khae nhau, thudc cac t h l he khae nhau, mdi ngudi d i u tham gia vao vi&c dgy dd va gido dye tre, dQ cd y thdc hay khdng thl deu cd tdc dong mgnh me den trd, Trong mdi quan h i gigo t i l p phong phQ d gia dinh, dda trd dupe tiep thu nhQng d i l u mdi Ig, rat khae nhau, tgo eho nd nhOng edm xQc mang nhilu sae thai phong phQ "Htd tW Tae ddng gia dinh thudng bang nhieu hinh thdc mang tfnh chal tieh hpp va dUpm mdu sac nghe thuat, trudc hel dd Id vi&c nudi dgy dupe k l l hpp mfil cdch ty nhien, kheo leo: cho an mg ed t h l trd chuyfin, bdo ban nhilu dilu, ru ngQ mg hat cho eon nghe nhQng lan dieu dan ea, dpc cho nghe nhQng cau thd, nhdng bat ddng dao hay DQ khdng theo mdt ehUdng trinh nao nhung ngudi me da Iruyen Igi cho b i l l bao dieu: Dd la nhQng Idi an liing ndi hdng ngay, Idi ru cdu hat, nhdng y niem ve tdt, xau, ngoan, hU Tdm Igi ngUdi mg da dUa eon vdo the gidi cCia nhdng gid tri vdn hoa ma gia dinh da thda nhgn vd Ihyc hien hang Nhd phUdng thdc tac ddng ddc biet nay, gia dinh cd anh hudng tuyet ddi qud trinh phat tnen cua tre thd, Trd em da t i l p thu van hoa gia dinh mpl edeh ty nhi&n, nhg nhang md Igi mang hidu qua eao Van hoa gia dinh de lgi an lupng sau dam tam hdn tre, khien ddi la ludng dd Id ban nang thd hai Ddc biet Unh vye hot bd dao ddc- thdm my cho trd thl van hoa gia dinh ehiem uu the tuyet ddi vd dgo ddc- Iham my Igi chfnh la eai edl Idi nen tang ban dau eua nhan cdch mdi eon ngudi, ma bieu hi&n tap trung cua nd la d long nhan di cCia ngudi mg- vay da cd ngudi gpi "vdn hod gia dinh Id Van hoi M^"(8) Chfnh van hoa gia dinh da gieo vdo dau dc non ndt cua trd nhQng mam mdng cd khd nang iam ndy nd mdt tdm hon vdt nhdng phim chat dgo dde vd nang khilu mang hinh bdng cCia nen vdn hod gia dinh, Tdm 1^1: Van hoa gia dinh ta mdi trUdng rdi can thiet eho trd tho Dd Id nen van hoa ma ngUdi dUpc tiep cdn sdm nhat, la mdi trudng xa hdi dau lien eua mdi ngudl, vdi mdl phUdng thde lae dpng ral phQ hpp ddi vdi qua Irinh hinh nhQng cd sd ban ddu cCia nhan each ngudl Dd ehfnh la cudc sdng thyc cua tre, Nghien cdu phuong IhQc lac dpng cua gia dinh ddi vdi sy phat trien eCia tre em la tim each rut tU day cdi cdt edeh cCia vSn hoa gia dinh, cdi tinh hoa cua mdt phUdng phap tae dfing di ke thda, tr&n eo sd dd ma bd sung, phat trien eho phu hpp vdt nhu cau phdt trien eua tre vd nhQng ddi hdi cCia xa hdi Hien cung vdi sy phat tnen cQa xa hfii, gia dinh cung ed nhOng bien doi can bdn TU gia dinh kieu cd truyen ehuyen sang gia dinh kieu hi&n dgi, td kieu gta dinh ddng chdu, gdm nhilu the h& edng ehung sdng chuyin sang kilu gta dinh hgt nhan, tQe la chl cd hai t h l h& vd ft eon, da cd sy thay ddi ed bdn ve thdi dd doi vdi eon edi gia dinh, Tuy vgy van hoa gia dinh vdn ed mfit vai trd dSe biet quan trpng ddi vdi tre em Sau nay, Idn khdn moi ngudi cd t h l ch|u dnh hudng IQ nhieu phia eCia n l n van hod, tQ nhieu n l n van hod khde Batf}!^^ nhung nhQng gl ma van hoa gia dinh da hun dQe n l n v l n dupe mang theo mdi ngudi den sudt eude ddi Trong ndm dau, trd chju dnh hUdng hodn loan nhQng tae ddng tQ phfa gia dinh Sy chdm sde cCia gia dinh, n l n van hoa gia dinh thdi gian ndy ed v' nghTa vd ciing to idn ddi vdi sy sdng edn vd sy phdt trien tam ly eua trd Tre nam dau cd t h l dupe chia hai giai dogn: sP smh (0- thdng) vd hai nhi (2- 12 thdng) Trong tQng gjai dogn ndy tac ddng td phfa gia dinh cung cd nhQng diem rieng biet tu^ vdo sy phat t r i l n cd the- sinh ly cQa trd- Van hoa gia dinh sir phal tri^n ISm ly tr§ nam diu 2.1 Van hoa gia dinh va s y phat trien tam Ij? trd sd sinh Dda tre ddi sau khoang thdi gian thang byng mp la mdt bUde ngodt vfi edng Idn lao ddi vdi bdn thdn nd cung nhu ddi vdi ca gia dinh, Trd bUdc vao mfit mdi trudng hodn toan khac so vdi mdi trudng byng mg De thfeh nghi duyc mdi IrUdng mdi ndy,, trd sd sinh sd dyng hdng logt cdc phdn xg khyng d i l u kidn Phan xg khdng dieu k i l n khdng ddm bao dupe cho sy xuat hien cde hinh thai hdnh vi cCia ngudi nhUng nd lgi la d i l u ki&n d l trd tiep nhdn kinh nghi&m va hanh vi dgc biet cug ngudi Tre sinh rg da cd mdt vdn tUPng ddi nhQng phdn xg khdng dieu kien, nhUng vai trd cua mdi trudng van hda gia dinh la khdng the thieu dupc dot vdi su phat triln cda tre Theo eae tai iieu nghien cQu, phdn xg bu Id phdn xg bdn nang, nhung neu 10 dau eua cudc ddi md mp hodc ngUdi thdn khdng cho trd bu thi trd se mat phdn xg bu Hoac nhu phan xg Rdbinsonxki, day Id phdn xg nam cua tre, n l u bd m§, dng ba khdng thudng xuy&n chdi dua vdi Ire, cam, nam tay trd thi phdn xg khfing diin va nhu vay phan xg nam chCi y sau khd ma hinh dupe Tuy nhQng phdn xg tren mang tinh chit bam sinh nhung neu dda trd khdng duye t i l p xQc vdi gia dinh, nhQng ngudi than gia dinh thi cdc phdn xg ty nhi&n, khdng dieu kien cung khdng the tri sy sdng cho bdn than nd dupe, Nhu vdy qud trinh cham sde, cy the la cho trd bQ, ngudi mg can phdi bay td tinh edm vdi eon bdng nhQng eCfchiduyem, nhp nhang, triu m i n de tgo cho trd cdm gidc an todn, dupc y l u Ihuong qua dd giOp trd tgo tien d l cho sy phat tren tam ly mdt each tdt nhat, nhU L&nin da ndi "Cung vdi ddng sQa mp, ngUdi hdp thy lam ly, dgo ddc eua xa hdi md minh Id thdnh v i l n " Ben cgnh do, trd giai dogn so sinh, xudl hiSn nhu cau dau tien la nhu cau dupc gan bd Nhu cdu gdn bd la nhu edu t i l p xuc da thjt giQa ngudi m$ vdi trd nhdm thda man cae nhu cau ed bdn cda trd, ddm bdo cho dda tre phal triln, Nhu eau dupe bieu hidn: DQa trd cd nhOng phdn dng lam eho rigudi Idn, ma dde blSl ngudi mg phdi chii y quan tam den tre nhU tay bdm niu, mim cUdi, mudn dupe fim ap vo ve Nhd nhQng b i l u hidn dd md ngUdi mp den vdi trd, thda man nhu c l u cho I r l NgUdi me d i n Ihda man nhu cdu cda trd vdi nhQng cQ chl, gipng not, net mdt hUdng tdi trd mflt edeh nhg nhang Nhu 6S cdu gdn bd mg- eon cd y nghla rdt Idn ddt vdi sy phal Iriln eda trd cd v l mat t h l lyc cung nhu v l mat tdm If Mg cd nhu e l u giao t i l p vdi con, mg d i n thod man cdc nhu cdu ed bdn eua eon tgo dieu kien eho phdt tnen I h l lyc tdt Ode biSt nd ed y nghTa rat Idn dot vdi sy phdt Iriln ldm ly tre Nd gdp phan lam xudt hien nhdng cdm xOc dau ti&n eua ngudi trd Nd Id cO sd, la d i l u kifin d l hinh thdnh cdc chdc ndng tam li ngudi S dda tre nhu tinh edm, nhdn thQc_ Trude day, nhieu ngudi cQ tUdng rdng mdi quan'he gdn bd mp Id mdl nhu cdu IhQ sinh eCia tre, dupe hinh tren nhu edu gde (nhu eau dn udng) Ngay qua nhieu cdng Irinh ngudi ta da nhdn rang day cOng td mfit nhu c i u gde, cd tQ Idc trd mdi sinh Harlow- mfit nha tam ly hpe trd em ngudi My da lam thi nghiem vdi mfil mdi sinh bang edeh tdch nd khdi mg Sau fing ldm md hinh hai eon gid Mfil bang Ihep nhung Igi cd binh sQa, mdt eon dupc phCi ben ngodi bang mfit bd Idng vi cd ndm vii y nhu mg that nhUng Igi khfing ed binh sOa K i t qud eho thay eon chl bam ldy"mgkhr'cd bd Idng thdt eho dd khdng CO sda Cd the thay rang ddi vdi Ire mdi sinh bi vdng mg Id mfit noi bat hgnh vfi cung Idn Ldc mdi sinh ra, eai md Ird nhgn dau lien ehinh Id mg minh, sau dd din nhQng ngudi thdn khae nhu bd, dng ba Trudc nhan cac vat xung quanh thi hinh anh eua mg, ngudi than da in vao dau de non ndt cQa be iam eho nd gdn bd m§l each ly nhien vdi hinh anh ay Mdt k i t luan hit sQc quan trpng cQa tam ly hpe hi&n dgi la nhilu rdi logn tam trf v l sau, ke ed IQe da Irudng thanh, ed the tim nguydn nhdn td nhQng nhieu logn mdi quan h& gdn bd mg- eon d nhQng nam thang dau ti&n cua eufic ddi Do vay ngudi Idn gta dinh: fing bd, cha mp dSc bidt Id ngUdi mg can ddc biet quan tam xay dyng mdi quan gdn bd vdi trd, vi nd cd tae dyng sau xa ddi vdi sy phdl triln sau ndy cCia trd 2 Vdn hda gla dinh va s y phat trien tam ly tudi hdf nhi (2-12 thang) Budc sang tuoi hai nhi, hogt ddng giao luu xuc cdm tryc l i l p vdi ngudi Idn cQa dQa trd trd thdnh hogt dfing chll dgo, Sy xuat hi&n eCia hogl ddng ndy ed dnh hudng rdtldn d i n sy phat triln cda trd, luy nhi&n hogt ddng phat huy vai trd la hogt ddng chd dgo d i n mUe nao thi cdn thudc vdo gia dinh, vdo nhQng ngudi than cua trd, phy thude vdo sy nhdn thdc cCia ngudi Idn Giao luu cdm xue trye l i l p vdi ngudi Idn la qud trinh tilp xuc tarn If trye lilp giQa trd hdi nhi vdi ngudi Idn nhdm tgo xue cdm Itch eye I r l Tuli hdl nhi, eude sdng cQa Ird hoan todn phy thupc vdo ngudi Idn Chlnh nhd sy tiep xQc vdt ngudi Idn md dfli sdng tam II ci3a trd dupe bien ddi ve chdt Trong gia dinh, t i t cd nhdng thdnh vidn khde ddc bidt Id cha mg ludn gdn gOi, chdm sde Ire ed ve mdt dinh dudng vd tinh thdn Chlnh sy yeu thUdng, vo v l , trdch nhi&m vdi ndy md giup dda trd: Thod man nhu c l u t i l p xuc vdi ngudi Idn, hinh thdnh cdm xdc dau lien, vd ngudi Idn d i n t i l p xdc vdi trd, sy t i l p xdc da- thit, 01} ehl du ylm nhg nhdng da khdi gpi d Ird cdm xue ddu t i l n cOa ngudi, ddn ddn hinh thdnh d tre nhQng xQc edm khae nhU vui mdng, sp hai Ddng thdi Idm xudl hi&n d tre nhQng edm giae nhu edm giac vdn ddng vi xudt ht&n y thdc bdn ngd thd sd, nhUng cdn h i t sde md nhgt (Gpi Idn Ire, tre quay tgi), ^ Nhd sy y§u thuong, tfch eye eua gia dinh ma dda Ird dan dan tham gia vao cude sdng mfit cdch nhg nhang Ngupe tgi nhdng gia dinh md bd mg thd P, vd Irdeh nhi&m vdi con, khfing y thde dupe tam quan trpng eija vi&e giao tiep, tilp xue da thil, g i n gui vdt con, dda Ird se khdng cd dupc nhOng ky nang n l n mdng tren Trong sy phdt trien CLia I r l hat nhi, khdng t h l khdng ke den sy phdt tnln cac chdc nang tam ly Ihfing qua tde dpng cua gia dinh, van hod gia dinh d day ch? phan tfch sy phat triln ngon ngQ Dot vdi t r i nam dau ndt chung, trd hai nhi ndi ri&ng Ihi vi&c gtao liep vdi nhij'ng ngUdi Irong gia dinh de phat trien ngdn ngO ta mdl dieu eye ky quan trpng, Ddt vdi hau het Ire, nam dau ti&n tre chua I h l not mdl each mgch Ige nhung tre v l n cd t h l tham gia vao eude trd chuy&n vdi ngudi Idn, Ngay td nhOng dau, dda tre da b i l l hudng ve npi cd tieng ndi hpn ta noi cd nhQng tieng ddng khde, biel lang nghe am dieu diu dang eQa cha mg, fing ba Trd cd the ngUng khde nghe tieng ngudi, nhat Id tieng eCia mg Khi dupe cha mg cut xudng trd chuySn, cung nyng, dQa be san sang Iham gia vdo cudc "ddt thogi", B6 trd nen tinh hogt, mat nhin vao mat ngudi dot thogi, mi&ng eudi toe t o l l , ddi phat am "gd gd" Nlu cha mg VUI ve, cang lich eye trd chuy&n thi tieng "gd gU" phat cang mgnh hPn Nhan dSn ta vdn gpi hi&n tupng Irdn ta trd dang "hdng chuy&n" De trd cd hi§n tupng thl nhQng ngudi gia dinh phdi la nhdng ngudi llnh cdm, gan gui, y&u thUdng trd, danh thdi gian d l "ndi ehuy§n" vdi trd Chfnh Idi ndi mang nhOng sde thdi hiln dju, vui tUdi cung vdi net mat, eung vdi net mdl, ed chl au ylm cua ngudi mg da khdi day d mdt nang lyc mang llnh ngudl, ch! cd d loai ngudi, dd la bilt trd ehuy&n Thdi gian dau, trd chf bieu hien sy thfeh thu qua net mat, cd ehl, CLf ddng ehan tay D i n thang thd ba, hdu h i t nhOng llic VUI vd, d l chiu Ire deu phat tilng Khi dUpc ngudi Idn trd chuyen thi nhQng tilng dd phat cdng mgnh hon Sang thang thd tu, tre cd the bdt ehude mfit each kha ro rang nhjp di&u Irong Idi ndi eQa cha mg, fing bd Trd thfeh nghe nhQng ldi ndi ed am di&u uyin chuyen Ngupe Igi ldi ndi gian dd, dm di&u mgnh, thfi bgo mang tfnh chat qudt thdo se tarn tre sp Luc trd da hilu ldi ndi qua am Td sau nda nam trd di, trd blnh thudng ed t h l phan bi&t dupc nhilu am tilt irong tdi ndi cua cha mg, dng bd, trd eo the phal nhQng dm khac "ma ma, ba ba"-Chinh nhQng eufic Ird chuy&n vdi ngudi than gia dinh dd da kich thfeh trd hpe ndi, giup nd phan bi&t va phat am Ihanh khac cua lieng ndi, Cdng thich thu trd cang phat am to hon dupe trd ehuy&n vdt ngUdi thdn gia dinh, qua dd trd hpe each sd dyng mfit, ludi vd hoi Ihd ndi Dd eQng la vi&e chudn bi tdt nhal de trd cd t h l tarn chO dupe vi&c phal am ddi vdi bdt cd thQ ngdn ngQ ndo Khi tre gdn ddy nSm, trd ehuydn vdi con, cha mg thudng dung d i n nhQng cdu ngdn, nhdm gidi Ihi&u de eon iam quen vdi nhOng dd vdt xung quanh Tdi cd nhQng cau hoi, cau chuyen cua eha mg nhu Id y l u td kfch thfeh trd tim kiem vdt xung quanh Sy tfch eye eua cha mp giup I r l ddn hieu ndi dung ci^a Idi ndi, thiet ldp dupe mdi quan he giQa ten gpi cua dd vat vdi bdn than vdt Khodng mdt tudi, k i t thuc giai dogn tudi hai nhi, tre cd the trd Idi ngdn ngQ eua eha mg bang mfit phan Qng ngon ngQ, Khi dupe hdi "Ba dau?" i r l se quay v l phfa bd vd l i p Igi "Bd " hdi "Be dau?" tre se nhin dda be b&n cgnh vd ndi "Be"„CQ nhu vay tre hpe ndi bap bg th&m mdt sd IQ Khong khf gia dinh cang tich eye, dam am, cudng dfi ede eufic ndt ehuyen giQa nhQng ngudi tdn gia dinh vdi I r l cang tdn thi viec tre hpe ngdn ngQ cdng thudn tpi, nghla la Ire cang nhanh b i l l ndt NhQng cupe trd chuyen dae biet khdng ehl la lien d l cho sy phat tnen ngdn ngQ d tre ma edn giup eho sU phat Irien cdc chQe nang tarn ly ngudi, giup trd hpe each dng xd Iheo kieu ngudi Ke't luan TQ nhQng phan Ifch Iren, cd the thdy rang: Trong sudt qua trinh phal trien cQa tre, gia dinh eung nhu n l n van hod gia dinh cd vai trd dgc biet quan trpng, Vdi tre mam non ndi Chung, Ird ndm dau ndt neng, hau h i t (neu khong mudn ndi td tal ea) thi hdnh vi, cd chl, each ndi nang_eua trd ed dupc la bat chude Qua "lang kfnh eua sy bal ehude", tat ed hdnh vi, tdt ndi, thdi dd eua eha me se dupc tre tai tgo lgi hdnh vi, thai dp cCia minh Mde du Ire chi d nam dau ddi nhung tat ed nhQng eat se trd nen tdng eho sy phat trien lam ly, nhan each eda ChQng Dda trd dupe song bau khdng khf gia dinh dam am, yeu IhUdng, dum bpc Idn nhau, dUpc ehe chd, dupe gtao tiep mpl each tfeh eye se dUde phdt tnen cdc chdc nang tam ty ngudi mdt each phQ hpp Ong bd, cha mg cd nhan thUe dung dan viec nudi dgy eon cat se Igo d trd nhdng edm xue ngudi tieh eye Trd em mudn phat trien td'l te dUdng nhien cQng phdi dupe sdng mdi trudng tdt, Mdt trudng xa hdi dau lien ddt vdi trd chinh la gia dinh, la nen van hoa gia dinh Gia dinh mudn Ihyc hien tdt chUe nang cCia minh thi nhdng bde Idm eha mg, nhQng ngudi than moi trudng gia dinh eua tre phdi dac biel quan lam d i n viec xay dyng mdi 503-2013 D j g / y ^ j ^ quan hd g i n bd vdi trd, quan tdm d i n vile tgo ndn m6t "tdm gUdng" de "ldm m i u " cho trd ViSc ndy phy thudc vdo tQng gia dinh, n l n vdn hod cOa m6i gia dinh, vdo ldng nhan hdu, tinh yeu thuong vd bd cda cha mg ddi vdi dda eon than ydu cua hp, nhU ngudi da dd cd mfit cdu phUdng ngon rat sau sac rang: 'TUdng lat the gidi nam tay chdu be NgUdi mg can dm chat vdo Idng de bd nhSin t h l gidi la eua minh Cdn ngudi eha thi bdng eon tin ngpn doi eao n h l t de b l nhdn the gidi Id nhu t h l ndo" Gia dinh khdng chl cd tac dyng mgnh me, cd y nghTa sau sac ddi vdi IQa tudi trd Ihd, ma cdn cd 'j/ nghTa ddi vdi ea eude ddi eua ngudi IQc da trudng thdnh cho den lue tudi gia NhQng pham ehat dgo ddc, tfnh cdch eung nhu nhQng ndng iyc chuy&n biet eQa bd m? thudng cd dnh hudng rat Idn lao ddi vdi eon edi gia dinh Gia dinh Id td am Id nol mpi thdnh v i l n gla dinh cd d i l u ki&n quan tam, cham sdc lan nhau, Igo n&n sy thod man nhQng nhu cau vat chdt va tinh than thiet yeu eho mdi ca nhan To am gia dinh vdi nhOng buon, vui, sudng, khd, ehia ngpt xe but, dupe gpi len mdi thdnh vien eCia gia dinh se Idm eho tinh edm vp chdng, tinh m l u td, tinh anh em edng them sau nSng, ldm cho cudc ddt eCia mdi thdnh vi&n th&m ^ nghTa Tai lieu tham khao Vd Nguyin Du (Ludn dn T i l n sTGido dye hpe, VLA 3045- Thu vien Dgt hpe SU phgm) Dupng Dieu Hog (2008- ehCt biln), Giio trinh Tim ly hgc phit trien NXB Dgi hpe SU phgm Ngd Cdng Hodn (1993), Tim /y hgc gia dinh, NXB DH SUpham Hd ndi Ngd Cdng Hodn, Nguyen Mai Hd (1993), Tim 1^ hgc BGD & DT, TTNC- DTBD Giao vten, Ha ndi VQ Ngpc Khanh (1998J, Vin hoi gia dinh Vi^t Nam, NXB Van hod dan tde Nguyin Thi Thudng (2008), Giio trinh vin hda hgc, NXB Dgi hpe SU phgm Nguy&n Anh T u y l t (1994- ehQ bidn), TLH trd em tda tail mim non, DH Su phgm Hd nfii Nguy&n Anh T u y l t (2007), Giio dijc mim nonNhdng vin de 1^ ludn vi thUc tiin, NXB Dgi hpe SU phgm Ha ndi ... tdi each Qng xd thdng thudng hdng Trong gia dinh nhdt la gia dinh ed truyen thl Ihudng ed nhilu vi&n khae nhau, thudc cac t h l he khae nhau, mdi ngudi d i u tham gia vao vi&c dgy dd va gido dye... ma van hoa gia dinh da hun dQe n l n v l n dupe mang theo mdi ngudi den sudt eude ddi Trong ndm dau, trd chju dnh hUdng hodn loan nhQng tae ddng tQ phfa gia dinh Sy chdm sde cCia gia dinh, n... edm giae nhu edm giac vdn ddng vi xudt ht&n y thdc bdn ngd thd sd, nhUng cdn h i t sde md nhgt (Gpi Idn Ire, tre quay tgi), ^ Nhd sy y§u thuong, tfch eye eua gia dinh ma dda Ird dan dan tham gia